The urgency of intersectionality | Kimberlé Crenshaw | TED

1,934,474 views ・ 2016-12-07

TED


請雙擊下方英文字幕播放視頻。

譯者: YuFei Liang 審譯者: 盧 紀睿
00:12
I'd like to try something new.
0
12760
1760
我想嘗試一個新東西,
00:15
Those of you who are able,
1
15200
1536
諸位如果可以的話,
00:16
please stand up.
2
16760
1200
請站起來。
00:20
OK, so I'm going to name some names.
3
20480
3120
好的,現在我將提到一些名字,
如果你聽到一個 你完全不知道的名字,
00:24
When you hear a name that you don't recognize,
4
24080
2376
00:26
you can't tell me anything about them,
5
26480
1855
你對這個人一無所知,
00:28
I'd like you to take a seat
6
28360
1776
請坐下
並一直坐著。
00:30
and stay seated.
7
30160
1320
00:32
The last person standing, we're going to see what they know. OK?
8
32240
3616
最後一位站著的人, 我們將看看他究竟都知道什麼,好麼?
00:35
(Laughter)
9
35880
1576
(笑聲)
00:37
All right.
10
37480
1200
好,
艾瑞克.加納。
00:39
Eric Garner.
11
39160
1200
00:42
Mike Brown.
12
42480
1280
麥克.布朗。
塔米爾.萊斯。
00:47
Tamir Rice.
13
47160
1360
00:51
Freddie Gray.
14
51760
1200
佛萊迪.革雷。
00:56
So those of you who are still standing,
15
56240
1896
還站著的人們,
我想請你們環顧一下四周,
00:58
I'd like you to turn around and take a look.
16
58160
2096
01:00
I'd say half to most of the people are still standing.
17
60280
4000
我看還有超過半數的人還站著,
01:04
So let's continue.
18
64920
1200
那讓我們繼續。
01:07
Michelle Cusseaux.
19
67640
1360
米歇爾.庫瑟。
01:15
Tanisha Anderson.
20
75720
1920
特妮莎.安德森。
01:22
Aura Rosser.
21
82400
1240
奧拉.羅瑟。
01:27
Meagan Hockaday.
22
87560
1240
梅根.哈克蒂。
01:30
So if we look around again,
23
90760
1456
我們再來看看,
01:32
there are about four people still standing,
24
92240
3016
還有四位站著,
01:35
and actually I'm not going to put you on the spot.
25
95280
2696
但我不會給你們難堪。
我只是想使這件事清晰可辨, 現在你們可以坐下了。
01:38
I just say that to encourage transparency, so you can be seated.
26
98000
3576
01:41
(Laughter)
27
101600
1680
(笑聲)
01:44
So those of you who recognized the first group of names know
28
104560
3216
所以認出了第一組名字的你們 一定注意到了
01:47
that these were African-Americans who have been killed by the police
29
107800
3896
這些人就是在過去的兩年內,
01:51
over the last two and a half years.
30
111720
2200
被警察殺死的非裔美國人。
然而你們可能不知道的是,
01:55
What you may not know
31
115160
1256
01:56
is that the other list is also African-Americans
32
116440
5416
另一組名字也都是非裔美國人
02:01
who have been killed within the last two years.
33
121880
4800
同樣在過去的兩年內被殺害。
02:07
Only one thing distinguishes the names that you know
34
127680
3976
你知道的名字和你不知道的名字
唯一的差別是:
02:11
from the names that you don't know:
35
131680
1680
02:14
gender.
36
134320
1200
性別。
02:16
So let me first let you know that there's nothing at all distinct
37
136720
5816
我想首先說明,
在場的觀眾並沒有任何個體特徵,
02:22
about this audience
38
142560
1776
可用來解釋我們剛剛 所看到的認知偏差,
02:24
that explains the pattern of recognition that we've just seen.
39
144360
3816
02:28
I've done this exercise dozens of times around the country.
40
148200
4496
我在全國境內做這樣的 小調查已有十多次了,
02:32
I've done it to women's rights organizations.
41
152720
2576
我在女權組織裡做過,
02:35
I've done it with civil rights groups.
42
155320
2136
我在民權團體裡做過,
02:37
I've done it with professors. I've done it with students.
43
157480
2976
我給教授們做過,學生們做過。
02:40
I've done it with psychologists. I've done it with sociologists.
44
160480
4256
我給心理學家和社會學家做過。
02:44
I've done it even with progressive members of Congress.
45
164760
3496
我甚至也給國會革新派做過。
02:48
And everywhere, the awareness of the level of police violence
46
168280
4296
無論在哪裡,
人們對於警察 施加在黑人女性身上的暴力
02:52
that black women experience
47
172600
1896
02:54
is exceedingly low.
48
174520
2000
都鮮有所知。
02:57
Now, it is surprising, isn't it, that this would be the case.
49
177600
3576
這讓人驚奇,不是麼? 這樣的情形。
03:01
I mean, there are two issues involved here.
50
181200
2016
這牽扯到兩個問題。
03:03
There's police violence against African-Americans,
51
183240
3096
警察對於非裔美國人的暴力,
03:06
and there's violence against women,
52
186360
2056
和警察對女性的暴力,
03:08
two issues that have been talked about a lot lately.
53
188440
2960
這是最近非常熱門的話題。
但當我們思考, 誰被這些問題所牽涉,
03:12
But when we think about who is implicated by these problems,
54
192120
5976
誰是這些問題的受害者時,
03:18
when we think about who is victimized by these problems,
55
198120
3496
03:21
the names of these black women never come to mind.
56
201640
3080
沒有人記起這些非裔女性的名字。
03:25
Now, communications experts tell us
57
205680
2736
溝通專家告訴我們,
03:28
that when facts do not fit with the available frames,
58
208440
4456
當事實與既定的認知框架不符時,
03:32
people have a difficult time incorporating new facts
59
212920
3736
人們很難將新的知識
03:36
into their way of thinking about a problem.
60
216680
3280
融入他們對於問題的思考模式當中。
這些女性的名字 從我們的意識中黯然溜走,
03:41
These women's names have slipped through our consciousness
61
221040
3296
03:44
because there are no frames for us to see them,
62
224360
3416
是因為我們沒有這個認知框架,
03:47
no frames for us to remember them,
63
227800
2296
我們缺少一個記憶點,
一個將她們融入我們 認識框架的切入點。
03:50
no frames for us to hold them.
64
230120
1960
03:53
As a consequence,
65
233480
1360
結果就是,
03:55
reporters don't lead with them,
66
235720
1720
記者不會重點強調她們,
03:58
policymakers don't think about them,
67
238320
3056
政策制定者不會去考慮她們,
04:01
and politicians aren't encouraged or demanded that they speak to them.
68
241400
5400
沒有政客被強制要求 或被鼓勵去和她們溝通。
04:07
Now, you might ask,
69
247800
1616
現在,你可能會問,
04:09
why does a frame matter?
70
249440
1576
為什麼一個認知框架如此重要?
我想說,歸根結底,
04:11
I mean, after all,
71
251040
1816
04:12
an issue that affects black people and an issue that affects women,
72
252880
5296
一個同時涉及黑人及女性的話題,
04:18
wouldn't that necessarily include black people who are women
73
258200
4056
難道不是必然會牽扯到黑人中的女性
04:22
and women who are black people?
74
262280
2280
和女性中的黑人麼?
04:25
Well, the simple answer is that this is a trickle-down approach to social justice,
75
265520
5256
簡單的答案是,可以靠 涓滴效應來達到社會公正,
04:30
and many times it just doesn't work.
76
270800
3000
但大多數時候這都行不通。
04:34
Without frames that allow us to see
77
274280
2496
當缺乏一個認知框架使我們看到
04:36
how social problems impact all the members of a targeted group,
78
276800
4736
社會問題如何影響某特定群體時,
04:41
many will fall through the cracks of our movements,
79
281560
3216
在人們嘗試得到權益平等的運動中,
04:44
left to suffer in virtual isolation.
80
284800
3440
許多人會失敗,孤立無援。
04:49
But it doesn't have to be this way.
81
289360
3920
但事情本不至於此。
許多年前,我開始用 「交叉性」這個名詞
04:54
Many years ago, I began to use the term "intersectionality"
82
294080
5136
04:59
to deal with the fact that many of our social justice problems
83
299240
4096
來指代這樣的問題: 有關社會正義的問題
05:03
like racism and sexism
84
303360
1896
如種族和性別歧視的問題
05:05
are often overlapping,
85
305280
2200
其內在往往是交叉重疊的。
並且產生了多重的不公現象。
05:08
creating multiple levels of social injustice.
86
308000
4040
05:13
Now, the experience that gave rise to intersectionality
87
313240
5176
提出交叉性的緣由,
05:18
was my chance encounter with a woman named Emma DeGraffenreid.
88
318440
4960
是我遇到了一位叫 艾瑪.蒂格拉福瑞的女人。
05:24
Emma DeGraffenreid was an African-American woman,
89
324240
3816
艾瑪.蒂格拉福瑞 是一位非裔美國女性,
她是一位有工作的妻子兼母親。
05:28
a working wife and a mother.
90
328080
2696
05:30
I actually read about Emma's story from the pages of a legal opinion
91
330800
5416
事實上,我是在法律意見書上 讀到她的名字的,
05:36
written by a judge who had dismissed Emma's claim
92
336240
4136
由一位駁回了艾瑪
05:40
of race and gender discrimination
93
340400
2096
對於種族和性別歧視 訴訟的法官所寫的。
05:42
against a local car manufacturing plant.
94
342520
4200
這樁訴訟的被告是一個汽車製造廠。
05:47
Emma, like so many African-American women,
95
347440
3736
艾瑪就如同許多非裔美國婦女一樣,
05:51
sought better employment for her family and for others.
96
351200
3776
嘗試為她的家人和其他人 尋求更好的就業機會。
她希望為她的孩子和家庭 創造一個更好的生活。
05:55
She wanted to create a better life for her children and for her family.
97
355000
4416
05:59
But she applied for a job,
98
359440
2216
但是她應徵了一個工作,
06:01
and she was not hired,
99
361680
1696
卻沒有被雇用。
06:03
and she believed that she was not hired because she was a black woman.
100
363400
3640
她相信她沒有被雇用的原因是 因為她是一位黑人婦女。
06:07
Now, the judge in question dismissed Emma's suit,
101
367800
4616
這位法官駁回了艾瑪的訴訟,
06:12
and the argument for dismissing the suit was
102
372440
2576
而他駁回這個訴訟的理由是
那個雇主有雇用非裔美國人,
06:15
that the employer did hire African-Americans
103
375040
4336
06:19
and the employer hired women.
104
379400
2360
也有雇用婦女。
06:23
The real problem, though, that the judge was not willing to acknowledge
105
383360
4056
雖然這位法官不願意承認, 但問題的實質
06:27
was what Emma was actually trying to say,
106
387440
3176
正是艾瑪實際上所要說的事:
06:30
that the African-Americans that were hired,
107
390640
2896
那些僱用非裔美國人的職位,
06:33
usually for industrial jobs, maintenance jobs, were all men.
108
393560
4760
通常是工業性、維修的工作, 所僱用的都是男性。
06:39
And the women that were hired,
109
399320
1896
而雇用了女性的職位,
06:41
usually for secretarial or front-office work,
110
401240
3616
通常是秘書性或服務台的工作,
06:44
were all white.
111
404880
1200
所僱用的都是白人女性。
06:46
Only if the court was able to see how these policies came together
112
406840
4616
只有當那位法官 將這兩個問題放在一起看時,
06:51
would he be able to see the double discrimination
113
411480
3656
他才能夠看到艾瑪所面對的
雙重歧視。
06:55
that Emma DeGraffenreid was facing.
114
415160
3120
06:58
But the court refused to allow Emma to put two causes of action together
115
418960
5496
但是那位法官拒絕讓艾瑪 將這兩件事的前因後果放在一起
07:04
to tell her story
116
424480
1376
來敘述她的故事。
07:05
because he believed that, by allowing her to do that,
117
425880
3936
因為他相信, 如果他讓她如此做,
07:09
she would be able to have preferential treatment.
118
429840
3936
她會得到優惠待遇。
07:13
She would have an advantage by having two swings at the bat,
119
433800
5216
她會有雙重的優勢,
而非裔男性和白人婦女 只有一層優勢。
07:19
when African-American men and white women only had one swing at the bat.
120
439040
4640
07:24
But of course, neither African-American men or white women
121
444360
5096
但是,當然,無論是 非裔男性及白人婦女
07:29
needed to combine a race and gender discrimination claim
122
449480
4576
都無需將種族和性別歧視結合在一起
來向大家講述他們所經歷的歧視。
07:34
to tell the story of the discrimination they were experiencing.
123
454080
4360
07:39
Why wasn't the real unfairness
124
459280
3216
為什麼這不被當成是歧視?
07:42
law's refusal to protect African-American women
125
462520
4136
當法律拒絕保護非裔女性這一群體,
07:46
simply because their experiences weren't exactly the same
126
466680
4096
只是因為她們受歧視的經歷 與非裔男性或白人女性並非一模一樣,
07:50
as white women and African-American men?
127
470800
3760
難道這不是真正的不公?
07:55
Rather than broadening the frame to include African-American women,
128
475280
5256
他們採取的不是拓寬認知框架, 把非裔美國婦女囊括進去,
08:00
the court simply tossed their case completely out of court.
129
480560
4280
而是將她們的案子 完全拒於法庭門外。
現在,作為一名學習 反歧視法律的學生,
08:06
Now, as a student of antidiscrimination law,
130
486080
3976
作為一位女性主義者,
08:10
as a feminist,
131
490080
1456
08:11
as an antiracist,
132
491560
2376
作為一位反種族歧視者,
08:13
I was struck by this case.
133
493960
3216
我被這個案子大大撼動。
08:17
It felt to me like injustice squared.
134
497200
4656
我感覺這就像是成倍的不公正。
08:21
So first of all,
135
501880
2096
首先,
黑人婦女不被允許在工廠工作。
08:24
black women weren't allowed to work at the plant.
136
504000
2840
08:27
Second of all, the court doubled down on this exclusion
137
507520
4096
第二,法院通過大大降低 其在法律中的重要性
08:31
by making it legally inconsequential.
138
511640
3360
加強了這種排擠。
08:35
And to boot, there was no name for this problem.
139
515480
3400
除此之外,這個問題 並沒有一個屬於自己的名字。
08:39
And we all know that, where there's no name for a problem,
140
519600
3496
我們都知道, 當一個問題沒有名字時,
你就看不到問題,
08:43
you can't see a problem,
141
523120
1256
08:44
and when you can't see a problem, you pretty much can't solve it.
142
524400
4200
然後當你看不到有問題時, 你當然就無法解決那個問題。
許多年後,我漸漸認識到
08:50
Many years later, I had come to recognize
143
530159
2616
08:52
that the problem that Emma was facing was a framing problem.
144
532799
5601
艾瑪所面對的問題 是一個認知框架的問題。
法院採用看待性別歧視
08:59
The frame that the court was using
145
539160
1936
或者種族歧視的框架 來看待這個問題,
09:01
to see gender discrimination or to see race discrimination
146
541120
4976
而這是片面的,是扭曲的。
09:06
was partial, and it was distorting.
147
546120
2920
對我而言,我所面對的挑戰是
09:10
For me, the challenge that I faced was
148
550000
2776
09:12
trying to figure out whether there was an alternative narrative,
149
552800
4816
我能否試著找出一個 能指代這一問題的敘述,
09:17
a prism that would allow us to see Emma's dilemma,
150
557640
4696
一個可以讓我們看到 艾瑪的困境的視角,
09:22
a prism that would allow us to rescue her from the cracks in the law,
151
562360
5936
一個可以讓我們得以將她 從法律漏洞裡拯救出來的視角,
09:28
that would allow judges to see her story.
152
568320
3280
以期使法官們看到她的故事。
我突然想到,
09:33
So it occurred to me,
153
573000
1896
09:34
maybe a simple analogy to an intersection
154
574920
5016
或許一個簡單的交叉點的類比
09:39
might allow judges to better see Emma's dilemma.
155
579960
4280
或許可以讓法官們 更能意識到艾瑪的困境。
09:44
So if we think about this intersection, the roads to the intersection would be
156
584840
4856
所以如果我們仔細想想這個交叉點, 那麼匯集於這個交叉點的路就是
09:49
the way that the workforce was structured by race and by gender.
157
589720
5920
由各個種族和性別 所組成的勞動力構成的。
09:56
And then the traffic in those roads would be the hiring policies
158
596480
4376
路上的交通工具就是僱傭政策
10:00
and the other practices that ran through those roads.
159
600880
4536
以及穿行在這些道路上的其他方式。
10:05
Now, because Emma was both black and female,
160
605440
4936
現在,因為艾瑪既是黑人又是女性,
10:10
she was positioned precisely where those roads overlapped,
161
610400
4680
她的位置正好位於兩條路的交叉點,
10:15
experiencing the simultaneous impact
162
615760
4216
因此同時遭受到
公司的性別和種族的碰撞。
10:20
of the company's gender and race traffic.
163
620000
3960
10:25
The law -- the law is like that ambulance that shows up
164
625400
5776
法律──法律就像是 來到現場的救護車,
10:31
and is ready to treat Emma only if it can be shown
165
631200
3416
它準備要治療艾瑪,但必須確認
10:34
that she was harmed on the race road or on the gender road
166
634640
4616
她是在種族歧視 或性別歧視的路上受傷,
10:39
but not where those roads intersected.
167
639280
3840
而不是在兩條路的交叉處。
10:43
So what do you call being impacted by multiple forces
168
643920
5256
如果你被多重力量傷害,
10:49
and then abandoned to fend for yourself?
169
649200
3560
然後被迫放棄保護自己, 這個情形你會稱之為什麼?
10:53
Intersectionality seemed to do it for me.
170
653720
2640
我認為「交叉性」還不錯。
我接著得知非裔婦女,
10:58
I would go on to learn that African-American women,
171
658120
4656
11:02
like other women of color,
172
662800
1936
像其他有色婦女,
11:04
like other socially marginalized people all over the world,
173
664760
4056
像世界各地其他種社會邊緣的人,
11:08
were facing all kinds of dilemmas and challenges
174
668840
3976
身為交叉性的結果,
11:12
as a consequence of intersectionality,
175
672840
3096
都面對種種困境和挑戰,
11:15
intersections of race and gender,
176
675960
3576
種族和性別的交叉歧視,
11:19
of heterosexism, transphobia, xenophobia, ableism,
177
679560
5216
異性戀、變性者、仇外心理、 健常能力偏見主義的交叉歧視,
11:24
all of these social dynamics come together
178
684800
4576
所有這些社會歧視聚集在一起
11:29
and create challenges that are sometimes quite unique.
179
689400
4240
創造出有時是相當罕見的挑戰。
但是以同樣方式
11:35
But in the same way
180
695040
1816
11:36
that intersectionality
181
696880
1560
交叉性
11:39
raised our awareness to the way that black women live their lives,
182
699200
5080
提高了我們對於 黑人婦女生活的認識,
11:45
it also exposes the tragic circumstances
183
705280
4136
它也暴露了
非裔美國女性死亡的悲劇情況。
11:49
under which African-American women die.
184
709440
3160
11:54
Police violence against black women
185
714240
2720
警察對黑人婦女的暴力
是很真實的。
11:58
is very real.
186
718120
1200
黑人婦女所面對的暴力的程度,
12:00
The level of violence that black women face
187
720080
2496
12:02
is such that it's not surprising
188
722600
2160
使得她們其中一些人 在遇到警察時沒有活下來
12:05
that some of them do not survive their encounters with police.
189
725640
4320
並不讓我們驚訝。
12:11
Black girls as young as seven,
190
731200
3456
只有七歲的黑人女孩,
12:14
great grandmothers as old as 95
191
734680
3720
及 95 歲的曾祖母,
12:19
have been killed by the police.
192
739520
1760
被警察殺死。
12:21
They've been killed in their living rooms,
193
741960
2040
他們有的在家裡客廳被殺,
12:24
in their bedrooms.
194
744760
1240
或在臥室裡被殺。
12:26
They've been killed in their cars.
195
746800
1920
他們在車子裡被殺。
12:29
They've been killed on the street.
196
749800
1936
他們在街上被殺。
12:31
They've been killed in front of their parents
197
751760
2856
他們在他們的父母面前被殺,
12:34
and they've been killed in front of their children.
198
754640
2800
他們在他們的孩子面前被殺。
他們有的被槍殺致死。
12:38
They have been shot to death.
199
758120
1680
他們被踩死。
12:41
They have been stomped to death.
200
761080
1880
12:43
They have been suffocated to death.
201
763960
1880
他們被窒息死亡。
12:46
They have been manhandled to death.
202
766560
2936
他們被人處死。
12:49
They have been tasered to death.
203
769520
2480
他們被電擊死亡。
他們在呼救時被殺死。
12:53
They've been killed when they've called for help.
204
773160
3000
12:57
They've been killed when they were alone,
205
777560
3096
他們獨處時被殺。
13:00
and they've been killed when they were with others.
206
780680
3120
他們與其他人在一起時被殺。
13:04
They've been killed shopping while black,
207
784880
2760
他們因為是黑人而在購物時被殺,
13:08
driving while black,
208
788520
1480
因為是黑人而在開車時被殺,
13:11
having a mental disability while black,
209
791400
3120
因為是心智殘障黑人而被殺,
因為是有家庭糾紛的黑人而被殺。
13:15
having a domestic disturbance while black.
210
795120
2800
13:19
They've even been killed being homeless while black.
211
799200
3880
他們甚至因為是 無家可歸的黑人而被殺。
13:24
They've been killed talking on the cell phone,
212
804200
2616
他們因為是在講手機的黑人而被殺,
13:26
laughing with friends,
213
806840
2376
與朋友在笑,
13:29
sitting in a car reported as stolen
214
809240
3056
坐在被盜竊的車裡,
13:32
and making a U-turn in front of the White House
215
812320
3616
在白宮前迴轉時被殺,
13:35
with an infant strapped in the backseat of the car.
216
815960
2840
當時還有嬰兒在車上的後座。
為什麼我們不知道這些故事?
13:40
Why don't we know these stories?
217
820040
1800
13:44
Why is it that their lost lives
218
824640
3000
為什麼她們失去的生命,
13:48
don't generate the same amount of media attention and communal outcry
219
828440
4736
沒有得到和他們兄弟的死亡
同樣的媒體關注和公眾抗議?
13:53
as the lost lives of their fallen brothers?
220
833200
3160
13:57
It's time for a change.
221
837800
1960
現在是該改變的時候了。
我們該如何做呢?
14:03
So what can we do?
222
843040
1440
14:06
In 2014, the African-American Policy Forum began to demand
223
846800
5376
在 2014 年,非裔美國人 政策論壇開始要求
14:12
that we "say her name"
224
852200
2240
我們要「說出她們的名字」──
14:16
at rallies, at protests,
225
856360
2840
在集會時,在抗議時,
14:19
at conferences, at meetings,
226
859960
2656
在會議裡,在開會時,
14:22
anywhere and everywhere
227
862640
2616
在任何地方
14:25
that state violence against black bodies is being discussed.
228
865280
4000
對黑人進行身體上的暴力 正在被討論。
14:30
But saying her name is not enough.
229
870800
2656
但是只是說出她們的名字還不夠。
14:33
We have to be willing to do more.
230
873480
2576
我們必須願意做更多。
我們必須願意作證,
14:36
We have to be willing to bear witness,
231
876080
3216
14:39
to bear witness to the often painful realities
232
879320
3616
為我們我們不願面對的
痛苦的現實作證,
14:42
that we would just rather not confront,
233
882960
2736
14:45
the everyday violence and humiliation that many black women have had to face,
234
885720
6456
為許多黑人婦女不得不面對的 日常暴力和侮辱作證,
橫跨顏色、
14:52
black women across color,
235
892200
2376
14:54
age, gender expression,
236
894600
2416
年齡、性別表現、
性取向和能力。
14:57
sexuality and ability.
237
897040
2280
我們現在有機會──
15:01
So we have the opportunity right now --
238
901040
4176
記住我即將與你分享的一些圖像
15:05
bearing in mind that some of the images that I'm about to share with you
239
905240
4016
可能會讓你難受──
15:09
may be triggering for some --
240
909280
1720
對這種暴力的感同身受。
15:12
to collectively bear witness to some of this violence.
241
912000
4600
我們將要聽到 非凡的艾比.道布森的歌聲。
15:18
We're going to hear the voice of the phenomenal Abby Dobson.
242
918120
4280
當我們和這些婦女坐在一起,
15:23
And as we sit with these women,
243
923160
3000
15:26
some who have experienced violence and some who have not survived them,
244
926760
5200
一些經歷過暴力的人 和一些沒有倖存的他們,
我們有機會
15:33
we have an opportunity
245
933280
1616
15:34
to reverse what happened at the beginning of this talk,
246
934920
3736
扭轉在這次演講開始時講過的事,
15:38
when we could not stand for these women
247
938680
2696
那時我們無法站立支持這些婦女, 因為我們不知道她們的名字。
15:41
because we did not know their names.
248
941400
3360
15:45
So at the end of this clip, there's going to be a roll call.
249
945640
3400
所以在這個剪輯的結尾, 會有一個名單。
15:50
Several black women's names will come up.
250
950560
2600
幾位女性的名字會被點出。
15:54
I'd like those of you who are able to join us in saying these names
251
954800
4936
我希望如果你們可以, 讓我們來說出這些名字
15:59
as loud as you can,
252
959760
2376
盡你可能的大聲說,
隨機的、無序的。
16:02
randomly, disorderly.
253
962160
2736
16:04
Let's create a cacophony of sound
254
964920
2800
讓我們創造一個盛大的共鳴
16:08
to represent our intention
255
968600
2120
代表我們的意圖
16:11
to hold these women up,
256
971480
2040
來支持這些婦女,
16:14
to sit with them,
257
974320
1616
與她們同坐,見證她們,
16:15
to bear witness to them,
258
975960
1720
16:18
to bring them into the light.
259
978640
2600
將她們帶回光明中。
(歌聲)說,
16:28
(Singing) Abby Dobson: Say,
260
988160
6760
16:35
say her name.
261
995360
6000
說出她的名字。
16:42
Say,
262
1002640
6120
說,
說出她的名字。
16:50
say her name.
263
1010080
4176
16:54
(Audience) Shelly!
264
1014280
1200
(觀眾)雪莉!
(觀眾)肯納!
16:56
(Audience) Kayla!
265
1016600
1216
16:57
AD: Oh,
266
1017840
6440
(唱)噢, (觀眾念出名字)
17:05
say her name.
267
1025680
6176
說出她的名字。
17:11
(Audience shouting names)
268
1031880
2536
17:14
Say, say,
269
1034440
6960
說,
17:21
say her name.
270
1041760
5760
說出她的名字。
說出她的名字。
17:29
Say her name.
271
1049160
5496
17:34
For all the names
272
1054680
2856
這所有的名字
17:37
I'll never know,
273
1057560
5320
我一無所知。
17:44
say her name.
274
1064680
3096
說出她的名字。 (念出各個名字)
17:47
KC: Aiyanna Stanley Jones, Janisha Fonville,
275
1067800
2776
17:50
Kathryn Johnston, Kayla Moore,
276
1070600
2336
17:52
Michelle Cusseaux, Rekia Boyd,
277
1072960
2856
我一無所知。
17:55
Shelly Frey, Tarika, Yvette Smith.
278
1075840
4440
18:00
AD: Say her name.
279
1080880
6640
說出她的名字。
正如我一開始所說的,
18:11
KC: So I said at the beginning,
280
1091040
2856
18:13
if we can't see a problem,
281
1093920
2760
如果我們看不到一個問題,
18:17
we can't fix a problem.
282
1097800
1520
那麼我們就無法解決這個問題。
18:20
Together, we've come together to bear witness
283
1100560
3416
讓我們一起,共同來見證,
18:24
to these women's lost lives.
284
1104000
2080
見證這些黑人女性失去的生命。
但現在我們要從哀悼和悲痛中走出,
18:27
But the time now is to move
285
1107160
2456
18:29
from mourning and grief
286
1109640
2496
18:32
to action and transformation.
287
1112160
2760
我們要作出行動,作出改變。
這些是我們所能做的事。
18:36
This is something that we can do.
288
1116120
2240
18:39
It's up to us.
289
1119440
1400
一切都取決於我們。
18:42
Thank you for joining us.
290
1122840
1896
謝謝在座的各位加入我們,
18:44
Thank you.
291
1124760
1216
謝謝。
(掌聲)
18:46
(Applause)
292
1126000
2320
關於本網站

本網站將向您介紹對學習英語有用的 YouTube 視頻。 您將看到來自世界各地的一流教師教授的英語課程。 雙擊每個視頻頁面上顯示的英文字幕,從那裡播放視頻。 字幕與視頻播放同步滾動。 如果您有任何意見或要求,請使用此聯繫表與我們聯繫。

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7