Kasiva Mutua: How I use the drum to tell my story | TED

59,757 views ・ 2018-04-27

TED


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譯者: Chen Chi-An 審譯者: Peipei Xiang
00:13
"Listen.
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「快聽,
00:14
Do you hear that?"
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有聽到嗎?」
00:16
my grandmother asked me.
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我奶奶問我。
00:19
"Listen.
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「仔細聽,
00:20
Listen to what the beetle is saying."
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聽那些甲蟲在說什麼。」
00:24
I would spend hours and hours listening to the little beetle
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我會花上數小時聽那些小甲蟲
00:29
rolling a huge ball of dung,
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滾動巨大的糞球,
00:31
and while at it,
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並在此時,
00:33
I heard a variety of environmental sounds.
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我聽到環境裡的各種聲音。
00:36
With the keenest of ears, I would hear family chatter,
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我有最靈敏的耳朵, 能聽見家人聊天,
00:41
laughter,
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有笑聲,
00:43
the wind howling
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風呼嘯,
00:44
and even crickets chirping.
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甚至蟋蟀鳴叫。
00:47
All these sounds crisscrossed into each other,
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這些聲音彼此交雜,
00:50
and I would hear rhythm in between.
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而我能聽見其中的旋律。
00:53
Then I would beat my plate with a spoon and my chest with my tiny hands
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然後,我會用湯匙敲打餐盤, 用自己的小手搥胸,
00:59
trying to recreate what I was hearing.
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試著複製我聽到的旋律。
01:01
I have been beating the same plates,
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從小到大,我就這樣敲打著盤子、
01:04
shakers, drums, pans and so much more ever since
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沙鈴、鼓、平底鍋等等許多東西,
01:09
to become a professional drummer
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直到我成為專業鼓手
01:11
and percussionist.
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和打擊樂手。
01:13
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
01:18
As I grew up, subconsciously,
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當我長大,下意識的,
01:20
I felt a strong urge to hide my newfound hobby.
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我強烈覺得要隱藏剛發覺的興趣。
01:25
Even without it being said out loud,
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即使沒被大聲說出來,
01:27
I knew that somehow it was wrong to do what I was doing.
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我隱隱覺得我做的事情是不對的。
01:32
In most of the ceremonies,
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在多數的典禮中,
01:34
I noticed that most of the women and girls were not in sight,
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我發現,女人和女孩不會參加,
01:38
but when they were,
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但當她們參加時,
01:40
I noticed that they would wear their dancing skirts
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我發現她們會穿著舞裙
01:42
and shake their waists off,
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擺動著腰,
01:45
singing, clapping, ululating,
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唱歌、拍手、叫喊,
01:48
while the men filled up the rhythm section.
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而男性則加入了節奏。
01:52
A few years later, I came to understand
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幾年後,我了解到
01:55
what tradition and culture meant,
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傳統和文化是什麼,
01:58
and what was considered taboo
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以及哪些是禁忌,
02:00
or otherwise.
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哪些不是。
02:03
In the majority of African cultures,
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在大部分非洲文化裡,
02:06
women have been forbidden to play drums and percussion
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女人被禁止演奏鼓和打擊樂器
02:08
for a very long time.
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已經很久了,
02:11
I believe this taboo stems from the psychological and traditional belief
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我相信這個禁忌是基於 心理及傳統上的觀念,
02:17
that the woman is an inferior being.
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認為女人是次級的。
02:20
I grew up hearing that the place of the woman is in the kitchen
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從小我就聽到屬於女人的地方是廚房
02:24
or in the other room.
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或那個房間,
02:28
Mhm?
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沒錯。
02:29
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
02:32
Women had been brainwashed and led on for so long
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女人不斷被洗腦及被引導,
02:35
until we had fallen victim and actually started believing in this ourselves.
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到最後我們變成受害者, 並開始打從心裡相信這是事實。
02:41
This, coupled with the lack of interest to educate women,
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這個觀念加上缺乏對女性教育的興趣,
02:45
played a major, major role
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深深地刻在了我們的腦海裡。
02:47
in etching this into our minds.
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02:50
The sounds of the drum provoke emotion and movement.
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鼓聲激發情緒和動作,
02:53
Essentially, the drum is a very sensual instrument.
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其實鼓是非常撩人的樂器。
02:57
Once at a festival, a man asked me
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某次節慶中,一個男人問,
02:59
how I dared put a drum in between my legs.
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我怎麼敢把鼓夾在雙腿間?
03:03
I have been considered loose and dirty for playing an instrument.
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為了演奏樂器,我被認為是 輕浮的和骯髒的。
03:09
I have repeatedly been questioned
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我反覆被問,
03:12
why I would choose to play drums
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為何選擇打鼓,
03:14
instead of practicing journalism,
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而非新聞工作?
03:16
which I studied for my undergraduate,
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那是我大學的主修項目,
03:19
which has been termed "more decent."
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大家普遍認為是「更體面」的工作。
03:24
The sight of a woman playing drums enfeebles her,
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女人打鼓,會讓她變弱,
03:27
makes her less feminine,
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失去女人味,
03:30
less desirable,
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失去吸引力,
03:32
but all this optimally puts her on a lower social stand.
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最終讓她處於較低的社會地位。
03:38
Drumming has essentially represented the strong African heritage,
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打鼓是很突出的非洲文化遺產,
03:42
and its importance can be seen
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其重要性在非洲傳統的 許多面向顯而易見。
03:43
in the many aspects of the African tradition.
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03:46
Many communities encompass drumming in their day-to-day activities,
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許多社區將打擊樂融入日常生活,
03:51
and still do up to date,
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直到現在都是,
03:53
from childbirths to initiation ceremonies,
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從出生到成人儀式、
03:57
welcoming ceremonies,
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歡迎慶典、
03:59
marriages and even burials.
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結婚典禮,甚至喪禮。
04:03
However, this same drum
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然而,這個鼓
04:06
is disappearing very fast from the music scene,
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正在以非常快的速度退出音樂舞台,
04:09
and the traditional genre is losing its popularity
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而傳統音樂正在快速失去聽眾。
04:12
very quickly amongst the people.
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04:15
Inspired by the need to preserve this culture,
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深感需要保存這項文化,
04:18
I am teaching the significance and the importance of the drum
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我開始教授鼓的意義和重要性,
04:21
to young boys, women and girls.
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對象包括男孩、女人和女孩。
04:25
In my journey as a percussion teacher,
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在做打擊樂老師的過程中,
04:27
I have realized that very many women
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我了解到很多女人
04:30
actually want to play the drum,
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其實很想打鼓,
04:32
but at the same time,
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但同時
04:34
they fear it.
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她們又害怕。
04:36
Some fear how society will perceive them.
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有些人害怕社會對她們的觀感;
04:39
Others fear the physical pain that comes with playing.
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有些人害怕打擊時 帶來生理上的疼痛。
04:43
Oh yes, it's not that easy.
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當然,這並不容易。
04:46
Some, because their spouses don't approve of them,
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有些人因為她們的丈夫不允許;
04:50
and others generally fear the responsibility
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有些人僅僅害怕被附加上 文化傳承者的責任。
04:53
of being a bearer of culture.
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04:56
I believe, or I think that all these fears
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我認為,這些害怕
04:59
are etched in the collective feminine cautiousness
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根源於社會對女性集體的束縛,
05:02
because when we learn of the atrocities that have happened to women,
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因為當我們了解發生在 女性身上的暴行後——
05:07
continentally especially,
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特別是在非洲大陸——
05:09
it serves as a constant reminder
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那暴行時常提醒女性,
05:11
that one step out of our designated place
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只要你再跨一步超過界線,
05:15
may end up in very serious consequences.
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就會造成非常嚴重的後果。
05:22
Well, I use my drum to tell my story and my people's stories.
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我用鼓來說我和我族群的故事,
05:28
My roots shaped me and my culture is here to stay with me.
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我的過去形塑我, 而我的文化伴隨我。
05:32
Women can be custodians of culture, too.
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女性也可以成為文化的守護者。
05:35
We are born to bring forth life,
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我們天生能孕育生命,
05:38
to nurture it.
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滋養生命,
05:40
We can definitely preserve our traditions very, very excellently.
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我們絕對能將我們的傳統 保護得非常好。
05:45
My drum and I,
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我的鼓和我,
05:47
we are here to stay.
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我們會成為風尚。
05:49
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
05:54
We are definitely here to stay.
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我們絕對會成為風尚。
05:58
If women have led countries,
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如果女性能領導國家,
06:01
women have gone to space,
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女性能上太空,
06:03
women have won Grammys,
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女性能贏得葛萊梅獎,
06:05
then the same, same women can play the drum
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那相同的,女性也可以打鼓,
06:09
and play it -- to a five-star rating?
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而且可以打得很出色,五星級?
06:12
No, to a million-star rating.
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不,是百萬星級。
06:15
Thank you.
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謝謝。
06:16
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
06:29
(Chiming)
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(風鈴聲)
06:35
(Metallic drumming)
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(鈸聲)
06:55
(Chiming)
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(風鈴聲)
07:03
(Rattling)
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(窸窣聲)
07:34
(Drumming)
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(鼓聲)
12:23
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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