To solve the world's biggest problems, invest in women and girls | Musimbi Kanyoro

譯者: Thomas Tam 審譯者: Jen Chuang

My mother was a philanthropist.

我的母親是個慈善家。

And now I know you're asking --

我知道你現在想問什麼——

let me give you the answer: yes, a little bit like Melinda Gates --

讓我給你答案：是的： 有點像梅林達・蓋茨 ——

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

but with a lot less money.

但是錢是少了很多。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

She carried out her philanthropy in our community

她的慈善事業統稱為 「依西里卡」

through a practice we call, "isirika."

在我們的社群實行。

She supported the education of scores of children

她支援幾十名兒童的教育，

and invited many to live with us in our home

並邀請多個兒童來我們家居住，

in order to access schools.

方便他們通勤學校。

She mobilized resources for building the local health clinic

她動員資源建設當地的健康診所，

and the maternity wing is named in memory of her.

產房側翼以她的 名字命名作為記念。

But most important,

但最重要的是，

she was endeared by the community for her organizing skills,

她的組織能力深受 社群人士的歡迎，

because she organized the community,

因為她推動整個社區，

and specifically women,

特別是女性，

to find solutions

為任何需要做的事情，

to anything that was needed.

尋找解決方案。

She did all of this through isirika.

她通過「依西里卡」完成了這一切。

Let me repeat that word for you again:

讓我再次為你重複這個詞：

isirika.

「依西里卡」。

Now it's your turn. Say it with me.

現在輪到你了，跟我一起說。

(Audience) Isirika.

（觀眾）「依西里卡」。

Musimbi Kanyoro: Thank you.

穆西比・坎約羅：謝謝。

That word is in my language, Maragoli,

這個詞源自我的母語， 馬拉戈利語，

spoken in western Kenya,

通用於肯尼亞西部，

and now you speak my language.

現在你們說我的語言了。

(Laughter)

（笑聲）

So, isirika is a pragmatic way of life

所以「依西里卡」是種 務實的生活方式，

that embraces charity,

包括捐助、

services

服務

and philanthropy all together.

和慈善事業。

The essence of isirika

「依西里卡」的本質

is to make it clear to everybody

是要向大家講清楚

that you're your sister's keeper --

你是你姐妹的守護者 -

and yes,

是的，

you're your brother's keeper.

你是你兄弟的守護者，

Mutual responsibility for caring for one another.

有相互照顧的責任。

A literal, simple English translation would be equal generosity,

簡單英文的字面翻譯 是平等的慷慨，

but the deep philosophical meaning

但深刻的哲學意義，

is caring, together, for one another.

就是大家要一起，彼此關心。

So how does isirika really happen?

「依西里卡」怎麼發生的？

I grew up in a farming community

我在一個農業社區長大

in western Kenya.

在肯尼亞西部。

I remember vividly the many times

我清楚記得，有許多次，

that neighbors would go to a neighbor's home --

鄰居會去拜訪其他鄰居，

a sick neighbor's home --

生病了的鄰居的家，

and harvest their crop for them.

幫他們收成農作。

I tagged alongside with my mother to community events

我跟著母親參與這些社區

and to women's events,

和婦女的活動，

and had the conversation about vaccinations in school,

並與學校討論疫苗接種的問題，

building the health center

建設健康中心

and really big things --

和真正的大事，

renewing seeds for the next planting season.

為下一個種植季節更新種子。

And often, the community would come together

社區人士通常會聚到一起，

to contribute money to send a neighbor's child to school --

捐錢送鄰居的孩子去上學，

not only in the country

不僅是在國內的學校，

but to universities abroad as well.

也到國外的大學。

And so we have a surgeon.

我們因此有一位外科醫生。

The first surgeon in my country came from that rural village.

第一位外科醫生來自我們那個村莊。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

So ...

所以......

what isirika did was to be inclusive.

「依西里卡」所做的包羅廣泛。

We as children would stand alongside the adults

我們孩子會站在大人旁邊

and give our contributions of money,

投注我們的捐款，

and our names were inscripted in the community book

我們的名字會寫入社區名冊，

just like every adult.

就像每個大人一樣。

And then I grew up,

然後我長大了，

went to universities back at home and abroad,

進入國內及國外大學，

obtained a few degrees here and there,

取得多個學位，

became organized

學習組織能力

and took up international jobs,

和從事國際性的工作，

working in development,

替發展中的，

humanitarian work

人道和慈善事業

and philanthropy.

工作。

And very soon,

而很快的，

isirika began to become small.

「依西里卡」開始變小、

It dissipated

消散、

and then just disappeared.

然後就消失了。

In each place,

在每個地方，

I gained a new vocabulary.

我得到了一個新詞彙。

The vocabulary of donors and recipients.

一個象徵捐助者和接受者的詞彙。

The vocabulary of measuring impact,

這些詞彙代表的影響力測量，

return on investment ...

投資報酬率⋯⋯

projects and programs.

項目和計劃。

Communities such as my childhood community

像我童年時的這類社區

became referred to as "poor, vulnerable populations."

被認為是「貧窮與弱勢群體」。

Those are the communities of which literature speaks about

這些是文獻所談論的社區，

as living on less than a dollar a day,

由於每天生活費不足一美元，

and they become the targets for poverty eradication programs.

所以成為消滅貧窮方案的目標。

And by the way,

順便說一下，

they are the targets of our first

他們是我們在聯合國對於永續開發的

United Nations' sustainable development goal.

第一個目標。

Now, I'm really interested

現在，我非常感興趣的是，

that we find solutions to poverty

我們能找到解決貧困，

and to the world's other many big problems

和世界上其他重大問題的方法，

because they do exist.

因為它們確實存在。

I however think that we could do a better job,

然而我認為我們可以做得更好，

and we could do a better job by embracing isirika.

透過擁抱「依西里卡」做得更好。

So let me tell you how.

那麼讓我告訴你怎麼做。

First, isirika affirms common humanity.

首先，「依西里卡」肯定共通的人性。

For whatever that you do,

無論你做什麼，

you begin from the premise that you're human together.

你的前提是，大家都生而為人。

When you begin that you're human together,

當你從「大家都生而為人」開始時，

you see each other differently.

你開始用不同的方式看待彼此。

You don't see a refugee first

你不是先看到一個難民，

and you don't see a woman first

你不是先看到一個女人，

and you don't see a person with disability first.

而你不是先看到一個殘疾的人。

You see a human being first.

你會先看到的是一個人。

That is the essence of seeing a person first.

那就是「先看到一個人」的本質。

And when you do that,

當你這樣做時，

you value their ideas,

你珍視他們的想法，

you value their contribution --

你珍視他們的貢獻，

small or big.

無論多大多小。

And you value what they bring to the table.

而你珍視他們能帶來的價值。

That is the essence of isirika.

這就是「依西里卡」的本質。

I just want to imagine what it would look like

我只想想像會是什麼模樣，

if everyone in this room --

如果這個房間裡的每個人——

a medical doctor, a parent,

醫生、父母、

a lawyer, a philanthropist,

律師、慈善家，

whatever you are --

不管你做什麼——

if you embraced isirika

如果你能懷抱「依西里卡」，

and made it your default.

讓它成為你的基本。

What could we achieve for each other?

我們能為彼此成就什麼？

What could we achieve for humanity?

我們能為人類成就什麼？

What could we achieve for peace issues?

我們能為和平成就什麼？

What could we achieve for medical science?

我們能為醫學成就什麼？

Let me give you a couple of hints,

讓我給你幾個提示，

because I'm going to ask you to accompany me

因為我要請你跟我一起

in this process of rebuilding and reclaiming isirika with me.

參與重建和肯定「依西里卡」的過程。

First, you have to have faith

首先，你必須打從心裡相信

that we are one humanity,

我們皆生而為人，

we have one planet

我們共同擁有這個地球，

and we don't have two choices about that.

沒有其他選擇。

So there's not going to be a wall that is high enough

所以不會有任何高牆

足以分割人性。

to separate humanity.

So give up the walls.

所以別再築牆了。

Give them up.

放棄築牆吧。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And we don't have a planet B to go to.

而我們沒有另一個星球可去。

So that's really important.

所以這非常重要。

Make that clear;

弄清楚這件事；

move onto the next stage.

再進入下一個階段。

The second stage: remember,

第二階段：記住，

in isirika, every idea counts.

在「依西里卡」裡 每個想法都很重要。

Bridges have big posters

橋樑有大海報，

and they have nails.

海報上裝有釘子。

Every idea counts --

每個想法都很重要，

small or big counts.

不管多大多小。

And third,

第三，

isirika affirms

「依西里卡」肯定

that those who have more really enjoy the privilege of giving more.

那些擁有更多的人 真正享受給予更多的殊榮。

It is a privilege to give more.

能夠給予更多，就是一種殊榮。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

And this is the time for women to give more for women.

現在是女性為其他女性 給予更多的時候，

It is the time to give more for women.

現在是給予女性更多的時候。

Our parents, when they brought in other children to live with us,

當我們的父母把其他孩童 帶進家裡與我們一起生活時，

they didn't ask our permission.

他們並沒有徵求我們的同意。

They made it clear that they had a responsibility

他們明確表示，自己是有責任的，

because they had gone to school

因為他們受過教育，

and they had an earning.

因為他們有收入。

And they made it clear that we should understand

他們明確表示，我們應該明白

that their prosperity was not our entitlement,

他們的成就並不是我們的權利，

and I think that's good wisdom from isirika.

我認為這是來自「依西里卡」的智慧。

We could use that wisdom today, I think, in every culture,

我們能運用這智慧，我想， 在每一個文化，

in every place,

在每一個地方，

passing to the next generation what we could do together.

把我們能做的事 一代一代往下傳承。

I have,

我曾經，

over the years,

在這麼多年來，

encountered isirika in many places,

在許多的地方看到「依西里卡」，

but what gives me really the passion today

但在今天真正激發我的熱情的是，

to embrace isirika

懷抱著「依西里卡」，

is the work that I do with women all over the world

我和全世界各地女性在做的，

through the Global Fund for Women,

透過世界女性基金，

though women's funds

透過女性基金

and through women's movements globally.

和全世界各種女性運動。

If you work with women,

如果你和女性一起工作，

you change every day

你每天都在改變

because you experience them living isirika together in what they do.

因為你能體驗她們一起在 「依西里卡」的身體力行。

在我所做的工作中，

In the work that I do,

we trust women leaders and their ideas.

我們相信女性領導者 和她們的想法。

And we support them with funding so that they can expand,

我們資助她們， 讓她們能夠擴展，

they can grow

讓她們能夠成長，

and they can thrive within their own communities.

讓她們可以在自己的 社群內有所成就。

A woman in 1990 came to the Global Fund with a big idea --

1990年，一位女士帶著一個 大想法來到全球基金會，

a woman from Mexico by the name of Lucero González.

她來自墨西哥， 名叫露莎羅・岡薩列茲。

She wanted to begin a fund that would support a movement

她想創立一個支持一項運動的基金，

that would be rooted in the communities in Mexico.

一項針對墨西哥社群的運動。

And she received a grant of 7,500 US dollars.

她獲得了七千五百美元的贊助。

Today, 25 years later,

今天，25 年後，

Semillas, the name of the fund,

賽米拉斯，該基金的名稱，

has raised and spent,

已經在社群

within the community,

募集和使用了

17.8 million dollars.

1,780 萬美元。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

They have impacted over two million people,

她們已經影響了超過 200 萬人，

and they work with a group of 600,000 women in Mexico.

而她們與墨西哥 60 萬名 女性一起工作。

During the recent earthquake,

在最近的地震中，

they were so well rooted

因為她們深入紮根，

that they could quickly assess within the community and with others,

能迅速評估社群內外，

what were the short-term needs and what were the long-term needs.

哪些是短期、哪些是長期的各種需要。

And I tell you,

我能說，

long after the lights have gone off Mexico,

即使墨西哥有天吹熄燈號，

Semillas will be there

賽米拉斯仍會在那裡，

with the communities, with the women,

與社群，與女性，

for a very long time.

長存不息。

And that's what I'm talking about:

而這就是我在講的：

when we are able to support the ideas of communities

當我們能夠支持社群的想法時，

that are rooted within their own setting.

它們就紮根於自己的環境中。

Thirty years ago,

三十年前，

there was very little funding that went directly to women's hands

很少有資金直接落入

社群裡的女性手中。

in their communities.

Today we celebrate 168 women's funds

我們今天慶祝 168 個在世界各地

女性的基金，

all over the world,

100 of which are in this country.

其中有 100 個存在於這個國家。

And they support --

它們支持......

(Applause)

（掌聲）

they support grassroots women's organizations --

它們支持基層婦女的組織，

community organizations under the leadership of girls and women,

在婦女領導下的社群組織，

and together we have been able,

而大家能夠一起，

collectively,

集體，

to give a billion dollars to women and girls-led organizations.

捐贈十億美元給女性 和女孩主導的組織。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

But the challenge begins today.

但挑戰從今天開始。

The challenge begins today

從今天開始的挑戰是，

because we see women everywhere organizing as isirika,

因為我們看到無處不在的 「依西里卡」女性組織，

including women organizing as isirika in TED.

包括 TED 裡的女性 「依西里卡」組織。

Because isirika is the evergreen wisdom that lives in communities.

因為「依西里卡」 是長存於社群的常青智慧。

You find it in indigenous communities,

你能在土著社群、

in rural communities.

在鄉村社群找到它。

And what it really ingrains in people

它真正深植人心

is that ability to trust

是那信任

and to move the agenda ahead.

和推動議題的能力。

So, three things that I have learned that I want to share with you

在我的工作當中 我學會了三件事情，

through my work.

想與你們分享。

One: if you want to solve the world's biggest problems,

第一：如果你想解決 世界上最大的問題，

invest in women and girls.

請投資女性和女孩。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Not only do they expand the investment,

她們不僅將投資放大，

but they care for everyone in the community.

而且也關心社群中每一個人。

Not only their needs but the needs of their children,

不僅是她們自己的需求， 還有她們兒女們的需求，

the needs of the rest of the community,

整個社群其他人的需求，

the needs of the elderly,

老年人的需求，

and most important,

而最重要的是，

they protect themselves --

她們能夠保護自己，

which is really important --

這非常重要，

and they protect their communities.

她們還會保護她們的社群。

Women who know how to protect themselves

女性知道該如何保護自己，

know what it means to make a difference.

知道改變的意義。

And the second reason that I'm asking you to invest in women and girls

第二個我要求你們投資女性的原因，

is because this is the smartest thing you could ever do

是因為這是在現在這個時間點，

你能做的最聰明的決擇。

at this particular time.

And if we are going to have

若我們到 2030 年

over 350 trillion dollars

能夠有

超過 350 萬億美元，

by 2030,

those dollars need to be in the hands of women.

那些錢需要被女性掌握。

And so I grew up with isirika.

「依西里卡」伴隨我長大。

My mother was isirika.

我的母親是「依西里卡」。

She was not a project or a program.

她並不是一個專案或計劃。

And now, I pass that to you.

而現在，我把它傳遞給你，

That you will be able to share this with your families,

你能把它與你的家人、

with your friends

你的朋友

and with your community,

和你的社群分享，

and embrace isirika as a way of living --

並擁抱「依西里卡」為生活的方式，

as a pragmatic way of living.

一種務實的生活方式。

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）

Thank you.

謝謝。

(Applause)

（掌聲）