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00:00
Translator: Joseph Geni
Reviewer: Camille Martínez
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譯者: Melody Tang
審譯者: 易帆 余
我的生命旅途,
是從紐約布朗克斯區的一間
00:13
So, my journey began
in the Bronx, New York,
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一房一廳公寓開始的。
00:18
in a one-bedroom apartment,
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00:19
with my two sisters and immigrant mother.
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我有兩個姐姐和移民的媽媽。
00:23
I loved our neighborhood.
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我很喜愛我們的社區,
00:27
It was lively.
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那裡非常熱鬧。
00:28
There was all this merengue blasting,
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經常有人在大跳美倫格舞。
00:31
neighbors socializing on building stoops
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鄰居們在門廊上聊天,
00:33
and animated conversations
over domino playing.
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玩骨牌時參雜著生動活潑的對話。
00:38
It was home,
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那是我的家,
00:40
and it was sweet.
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一個甜蜜的家。
00:43
But it wasn't simple.
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但是我們的社區並不單純。
00:45
In fact, everyone at school
knew the block where we lived,
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事實上,學校的每個人
都知道我們住的那個區域,
00:49
because it was where people came
to buy weed and other drugs.
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因為大家都知道那裡
可以買到大麻和其他的毒品。
00:53
And with drug-dealing comes conflict,
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而伴隨著毒品交易
就一定有衝突事件,
00:56
so we often went to sleep
to the sound of gunshots.
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所以我們時常在槍聲中入眠。
01:01
I spent much of my childhood worried,
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我小時候經常很擔心,
擔心我們的安全。
01:05
worried about our safety.
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01:08
And so did our mother.
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我的母親也一樣。
01:11
She worried that the violence we witnessed
would overtake our lives;
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她擔心我們目睹的暴力行為,
會在我們的生命裡留下陰影;
01:16
that our poverty meant
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而我們的貧窮也意味著
與我們住在同一空間的鄰居,
01:18
that the neighbors with whom
we lived and shared space
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01:20
would harm us.
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可能會傷害我們。
01:22
Our entire life was in the Bronx,
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我們的整個生活圈都在布朗克斯區,
01:26
but my mother's anxiety
spurred her into action,
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但是我母親的憂慮
促使她採取行動。
01:29
and soon we were driving
so fast to Connecticut --
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不久後,我們驅車前往
康乃狄克州,一路狂飆,
01:34
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
01:35
to boarding school campuses,
with full scholarships in tow.
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去到一所有全額獎學金的寄宿學校。
01:39
Man, don't underestimate
the power of a mother
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老兄,千萬不要低估
一個母親的能力,
01:45
determined to keep her children safe.
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尤其是當她決心
保護孩子的安全的時候。
(歡呼)
01:49
(Cheers)
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01:50
(Applause)
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(鼓掌)
01:55
At boarding school,
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在住宿學校,
01:58
for the first time,
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平生第一次,
02:01
I was able to sleep without worry.
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我得以無憂無慮的入睡。
02:05
I could leave my dorm room unlocked,
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我可以不用鎖宿舍的門,
02:07
walk barefoot in the grass,
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赤腳走在草地上,
02:10
and look up to see
a night sky full of stars.
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仰頭看著佈滿星星的夜空。
這些是讓我很快樂的新鮮事。
02:16
Happy novelties.
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但是還有其他的新鮮事。
02:19
But there were other novelties as well.
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02:22
Very quickly, I felt like I didn't belong.
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很快地,我覺得格格不入。
02:26
I learned that I didn't speak
the right way,
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我發現我說話的方式
和其他人不一樣,
02:29
and to demonstrate
the proper ways of speaking,
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為了示範如何正確地說話,
02:33
my teachers gave me
frequent lessons, in public,
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我的老師經常當眾糾正我,
02:37
on the appropriate way
to enunciate certain words.
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如何正確地唸一些語詞。
有一次,老師直接在走廊上教我:
02:43
A teacher once instructed me
in the hallway:
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「Aaaaaas-king」(問)
02:47
"Aaaaaas-king."
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02:51
She said this loudly.
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她說得很大聲。
「蒂娜,不是『axing』
那是你拿著一把斧頭到處走。
02:54
"Dena, it's not 'axing,'
like you're running around with an axe.
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02:59
That's silly."
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那很可笑。」
在那時,你可想像
我的同班同學都在竊笑,
03:02
Now at this point, you can imagine
the snickers of my classmates,
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03:08
but she continued:
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但是她繼續說:
03:11
"Think about breaking the word
into 'ass' and 'king,'
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「試試把這個字分成『ass』
和『king』兩個字,
03:16
and then put the two together
to say it correctly --
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然後把這兩個字連起來,
正確地唸出來——
03:20
'Asking.'"
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Asking」。
03:23
There were some other moments
that reminded me that I didn't belong.
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其它時候我也經常覺得格格不入。
03:28
Once, I walked into
a classmate's dorm room,
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有一次,我走進一個
同學的宿舍房間,
我注意到她一直在注意
在我身邊的貴重物品。
03:32
and I watched her watch
her valuables around me.
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03:36
Like, why would she do that?
I thought to myself.
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我那時想,她為什麼會這樣呢?
03:40
And then there was the time
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另一次是,
03:42
when another classmate
walked into my dorm room,
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有另一位同學走進我的宿舍房間,
03:46
and yelled, "Ew!" as I was applying
hair grease to my scalp.
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當她看到我在頭髮上抹油。
她大聲叫,「噁!」
年輕人會有情緒傷害,
如果他不能做他自己,
03:53
There is emotional damage done
when young people can't be themselves,
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03:58
when they are forced to edit who they are
in order to be acceptable.
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或是他被迫改變自己
來讓別人接納他們。
04:04
It's a kind of violence.
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那是一種暴力行為。
04:08
Ultimately, I'm a quintessential
success story.
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終究,我是一個典型的成功故事。
04:13
I attended boarding school
and college in New England,
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我就學於新英格蘭州的
寄宿學校和大學,
04:17
studied abroad in Chile
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也去過智利留學,
04:19
and returned to the Bronx
to be a middle school teacher.
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然後我回到布朗柯斯區
當一位中學老師。
我拿過杜魯門獎學金、
04:23
I received a Truman Scholarship,
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04:25
a Fulbright and a Soros Fellowship.
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富布萊特獎學金、和索羅斯獎學金。
04:28
And I could list more.
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我可以繼續告訴你其它的。
04:30
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
但我不會。
04:32
But I won't.
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04:33
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
04:35
I earned my doctorate
at Columbia University.
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我從哥倫比亞大學得到博士學位。
04:39
(Cheers)
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(歡呼)
04:40
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
04:42
And then I landed a job at Yale.
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然後從耶魯大學拿到一個工作。
(掌聲)
04:45
(Applause)
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04:47
I am proud of everything
that I've been able to accomplish
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我對我到目前為止的所有成就
感到驕傲。
04:52
on my journey thus far.
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04:56
I have eternal imposter syndrome.
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但是我一直有冒牌者症候群。
我被邀請的原因,
是因為我象徵著某一群人,
05:01
Either I've been invited
because I'm a token,
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而不是因為我個人,
05:04
which really isn't about me,
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05:06
but rather, about a box
someone needed to check off.
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又或者因為我在別人的待辦事項上。
05:10
Or, I am exceptional,
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或是,我的出類拔萃,
05:13
which means I've had to leave
the people I love behind.
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是因為我必須拋下我深愛的人。
05:19
It's the price that I and so many others
pay for learning while black.
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但這些是我和其他許多黑人
為了學習所付出的代價。
05:27
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
05:34
I police myself all the time.
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我常常檢視自己。
我的褲子太緊嗎?
05:40
Are my pants too tight?
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05:42
Should I wear my hair up or in a fro?
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我應該把頭髮盤上去
或是讓它自然蓬鬆?
05:46
Should I speak up for myself,
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我是否應該為自己發言,
05:49
or will the power of my words
be reduced to: "She's angry"?
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或者我說話的力道是否
被解讀為「她生氣了」?
我為何要離開布朗克斯區
05:56
Why did I have to leave the Bronx
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05:58
to gain access to a better education?
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去得到更好的教育?
06:03
And why, in the process
of getting that better education,
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還有為什麼,
為了得到更好的教育過程當中,
06:07
did I have to endure the trauma
of erasing what made me, me --
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我必須忍受不能當自己的創傷?
06:15
a black girl from the Bronx,
raised by an Antiguan mother?
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不能當一位來自布朗克斯區,
由安提瓜母親所養大的黑人女孩?
06:21
So when I think about our current
education reform initiatives,
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所以當我思考
我們現在的教育改革計劃,
06:27
I can't help asking:
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我不禁要問:
我們有色人種的學生,
對他們自己了不了解?
06:30
What are our students of color
learning about themselves?
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06:35
Three -- three decades of research reveal
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30 年來的研究顯示,
有色人種學生被休學和退學的比率,
06:39
that students of color
are suspended and expelled
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06:42
at a rate three times greater
than white students,
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是白人學生的三倍,
同樣的違規行為,
他們被處罰得較嚴厲。
06:46
and are punished in harsher ways
for the same infractions.
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他們也了解
06:53
They also learn this through the absence
of their lives and narratives
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06:56
in the curricula.
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課本中缺少了他們的生活與故事。
06:59
The Cooperative Children's Book Center
did a review of nearly 4,000 books
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合作兒童圖書中心
做了近四千本書的審查,
07:04
and found that only three percent
were about African-Americans.
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發現只有百分之三的書
是有關非裔美國人的。
07:10
And they further learn this
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他們更進一步知道
和他們面貌相同的教師也很少。
07:12
through the lack of teachers
that look like them.
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07:17
An analysis of data
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國家教育統計中心的
07:19
from the National Center
for Education Statistics
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分析資料當中發現,
07:22
found that 45 percent of our nation's
pre-K to high school students
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我們國家從學前到高中
有 45% 的學生
07:27
were people of color,
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是有色人種,
07:30
while only 17 percent of our teachers are.
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但有色人種的教師只有 17%。
07:36
Our youth of color pay a profound price
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我們的有色人種青年
付出了相當大的代價,
07:39
when their schooling
sends them the message
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因為他們的學校給他們的訊息是
07:41
that they must be controlled,
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他們必須被控制,
07:44
that they must leave
their identities at home
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他們必須將他們的身分留在家裡,
07:46
in order to be successful.
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才能夠出人頭地。
每個小孩
07:51
Every child deserves an education
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07:54
that guarantees the safety to learn
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無論膚色,
07:57
in the comfort of one's own skin.
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都有安心學習的權利。
08:03
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
08:11
It is possible to create emotionally
and physically safe classrooms
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創造身心安全的教學環境
學生的課業才有可能
表現得越來越好。
08:16
where students also thrive academically.
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08:20
I know, because I did it in my classroom
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我知道這點,因為當我
回到朗克斯區去教書的時候,
08:23
when I returned to teach in the Bronx.
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我的班級就是如此。
08:27
So what did that look like?
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所以那是什麼樣子呢?
我的教學是以
08:31
I centered my instruction
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學生的生活、歷史
和他們的身分為中心。
08:33
on the lives, histories
and identities of my students.
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08:38
And I did all of this
because I wanted my students to know
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我如此做是因為我要我的學生知道,
08:41
that everyone around them
was supporting them
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他們周圍的所有人都支持他們
08:45
to be their best self.
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發揮最好的一面。
雖然我無法控制
他們的家庭穩不穩定,
08:49
So while I could not control
the instability of their homes,
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08:54
the uncertainty of their next meal,
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他們的下一餐在哪裡,
08:57
or the loud neighbors
that kept them from sleep,
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或者吵鬧的鄰居讓他們無法睡覺,
09:00
I provided them with a loving classroom
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但我可以提供他們一個愛的教室,
讓他們對自己是誰感到驕傲,
09:04
that made them feel proud of who they are,
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09:07
that made them know that they mattered.
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讓他們知道他們很重要。
09:11
You know,
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你知道,
09:14
every time I hear
or say the word "asking,"
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每次我聽到或要說
「asking」這個字的時候,
09:22
I am in high school again.
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我就又回想到高中時期。
我會想把「ass」和「king」
09:26
I am thinking about "ass" and "king"
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兩個字連在一起說出來,
09:32
and putting the two together
so that I speak in a way
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因為這樣的說話方式,
有權勢的人才能聽見我說的話。
09:36
where someone in power
will want to listen.
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但有一種更好的方式,
09:42
There is a better way,
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09:44
one that doesn't force kids of color
into a double bind;
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一種不用迫使有色人種孩子
進退兩難的方式;
09:48
a way for them to preserve their ties
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一種讓他們可以與他們的親人、
09:51
to their families, homes and communities;
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家庭和社區維持緊密關係的方式;
09:54
a way that teaches them
to trust their instincts
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一種教導他們相信自己的本能,
10:00
and to have faith
in their own creative genius.
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並對自己的創造天分有信心的方式。
謝謝。
10:07
Thank you.
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10:08
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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