How Webtoons Are Changing Movies and TV | Hyeonmi Kim | TED

Transcriber: Leslie Gauthier

翻译人员: Mia Cheng 校对人员: Yip Yan Yeung

Believe it or not,

你可能不信，

many of you are participating

你们很多人都在参与

in one of the greatest democratizations of storytelling

一个迄今为止世界范围内最大的

the world has ever known.

讲故事的民主化进程。

And you’re probably doing this on a daily basis

你可能每天都在做这件事，

through the movies and TV shows you’re watching.

通过你观看的电影和电视节目。

This is a grand democratization that’s giving voice on a global scale

这是一场规模宏大的民主化过程，

to the bizarre, fantastical stories of the unheard.

让世界各地那些之前不为人知的 离奇故事被人看到。

It’s amazing,

这很了不起，

and I want to tell you all about it.

我想来说说这件事。

But first, to fully appreciate everything I'm about to say,

但是首先，要明白我接下来 要说的内容，

you need to understand how movies and TV shows are traditionally made.

你要先了解电影和电视节目的 传统制作方式是什么样的。

So for the longest time,

在很长一段时间内，

the mainstream media industry has relied on a closed ecosystem of script writers.

主流的传媒行业依赖于 一个封闭的编剧生态系统。

These star script writers are often chosen to create a series of blockbusters.

这些明星编剧经常被选中 去打造一系列大片。

And the production house investors rely on these proven writers

制作公司的投资者们依赖着 这些有成功经验的编剧，

to increase their chances of success.

来提高电影成功的几率。

And you can see the problem here.

你可以从中发现一个问题。

A closed network of writers naturally limits the boundaries of plots.

一个封闭的作家圈子， 自然而然也会限制故事情节的创作。

This is why sometimes you feel like you’re watching the same superhero plots

这就是为什么你会觉得 一直在看一样的超级英雄剧情，

and cliché love stories.

还有陈词滥调的爱情故事。

But this is all changing.

但是这个现象正在改变，

And it’s changing fast because of webtoons.

而且因为网络漫画， 它改变的速度很快。

A webtoon is basically a story that’s told using cartoon, comic-like illustrations.

网络漫画就是用动画， 或者类似漫画的图画来讲故事。

It’s published in short segments,

它以短篇幅的形式发布，

usually on a weekly basis

通常是周更。

and meant to be read on a smartphone in five, 10 minutes.

这就是为了能在手机上 用 5 或 10 分钟阅读。

It’s sure to create fun, bite-sized entertainment,

这肯定是种有趣的、 碎片化的娱乐形式，

but it's not like Instagram or TikTok.

但是这不像Instagram 或者Tiktok，

Those are considered as non-storytelling media,

因为这些App并不算是 “讲故事”的传播方式，

whereas webtoons are storytelling media.

而网络漫画确实 是一种讲故事的方式。

They are meant to follow a narrative structure.

它们需要遵循故事叙述的结构。

Webtoons are published in these open platforms where anybody --

网络漫画发布在一些公开的平台，

you, me, a single mother in Pakistan,

所有人，包括你，我， 巴基斯坦的单身妈妈，

a teenager in Japan,

日本的青少年，

anyone --

所有人，

anyone can share our great stories

所有人都能分享自己的好故事，

to find an audience who are excited to consume our content.

也能找到喜欢我们故事内容的受众。

The whole phenomenon has started in Korea

这个现象从韩国开始，

and now spread around the world.

现在流行到了全世界。

For example, in the United States,

举个例子，在美国，

one of the major webtoon platforms,

一个比较大的网络漫画平台，

called Naver Webtoon,

叫Naver网漫，

has now exceeded 15 million monthly users.

现在的月活用户 已经突破了 1500 万。

This is not something happening in the quiet corner of the internet.

这不是发生在互联网 不起眼角落的一件事。

In fact, thanks to the healthy growth of audience,

事实上，得益于受众的健康增长，

the web story platform market itself now reaches almost one billion US dollars

网络故事平台的市场现在已经 达到了近 10 亿美元，

and counting.

并且还在增长。

So I’m a strategy consultant,

我是一名战略咨询顾问，

and I work with a lot of media companies and content providers.

我会和很多媒体公司 以及内容提供商打交道。

And I realize that the companies

我意识到这些公司和高管，

and executives I work with fall into two buckets.

可以分成两派。

Those who start to realize the webtoon universe is a treasure trove

有些开始意识到网络漫画 就是新奇有趣故事的宝库，

of new and fabulous stories just waiting to be made into movies or TV series.

这些故事就等着 被拍成电影和电视剧。

And those whom I am trying to really wake up

还有一些我尝试在叫醒他们，

so that they can fully capitalize on this phenomenon as well.

这样他们也能充分利用 这个现象和潮流。

So if you asked me to describe what a webtoon really is,

所以如果你要我描述网络漫画 究竟是什么？

I would say it’s a multimillion-dollar megaphone for you

我会说这对你， 和对像你一样的人来说，

and people like you.

就是价值百万美元的扩音器，

With the eyes of forward-thinking content producers

这在转向网络漫画的、

who are turning to webtoons,

具有远见的内容制作者眼中，

it’s easier than ever for the writer in you

你比以往任何时候都容易

to become a blockbuster storyteller.

成为一个爆款故事创作者。

Are you a “Hellbound” fan?

你是《地狱公使》 （Hellbound）的粉丝吗？

What about “Itaewon Class” or “Kingdom”?

或者《梨泰院Class》（Itaewon Class） 和《王国》（Kingdom）？

They all started as webtoons.

这些作品都源于网络漫画。

Actually, in 2021 alone,

事实上，仅仅在 2021 这一年内，

there were more than two dozen TV series made based on webtoons,

就有 20 多部由网络漫画 改编的电视剧

aired across major TV channels and streaming media with big-time success.

在各大电视台和流媒体放送， 并大获成功。

For example, Netflix’s “Hellbound” is a story about people

举个例子，网飞（Netflix）的 《地狱公使》

who find out when they’re going to die

是一个关于人们知道他们何时会死，

and if they're going to heaven or hell.

以及他们会去天堂还是地狱的故事。

And there is an amazing plot twist

这个故事还有个很精彩的情节设计，

to keep you guessing who’s getting into heaven,

让你一直猜谁会去天堂，

and who’s, you know, hellbound.

谁会去地狱。

“Hellbound” was originally rolled out as a webtoon in 2019 and 2020.

《地狱公使》最初作为网络漫画 在 2019 年和 2020 年推出。

Then Netflix picked it up,

之后网飞改编拍成电视剧，

and when it aired last year in November,

在去年 11 月放送时，

it hit the top 10 most-watched list.

它是播放量最高的 前 10 部电视剧之一。

(Video) (Korean) Do you really think justice can be served

（视频）（韩语）你真的觉得正义 可以得到伸张？

through man-made law?

通过人为定制的法律？

(Sound effects)

（音效）

Hyeonmi Kim: Netflix also made “D.P.”

金贤美（Hyeonmi Kim音）： 网飞还制作了电视剧《D.P.》

It’s a story based on the writer’s real-life experience

这是基于作者在韩国宪兵队

in Korean military police.

真实经历的故事。

And, you know, if any one of you are really wondering

而且，如果你们中的 任何一个人怀疑

whether ordinary people can make it big in the webtoon universe,

普通人能不能在网络漫画 领域大放异彩，

you would be happy to hear that the writer of “D.P” used to publish his webtoon

你会很高兴知道《D.P.》的作者，

under Ordinary Kim.

之前就是用普通人金（Ordinary Kim）的 网名发布他的网络漫画。

The webtoon writers can make up to 150,000 US dollars in Korea a year,

韩国的网络漫画作者 可以一年赚高达 15 万美元，

which is five times higher than the average income.

这是平均工资水平的 5 倍。

This is usually based on the revenue

这些收入通常

split between the writers and the webtoon platforms.

由作者和网络漫画平台分摊。

And for those major ones such as Ordinary Kim,

对于一些比较知名的作者， 比如Ordinary Kim,

who make a serial hit webtoons

他们已经有热门连载网络漫画，

and crossover content creation such as movies and dramas,

并开始有像电影和电视剧 这样的跨界内容创作，

I mean, they can make, you know, 10 times higher income or even more.

他们可以赚平均工资十倍、 甚至更高的收入。

You know what else I really love

另外一个我很喜欢的事实是，

about the fact that the media industry is pulling stories from webtoons?

媒体行业正在从网络漫画中 吸收故事。

So many people win

所以很多人能成功，

because this new model is interactive.

是因为这个模式是互动的。

Web story authors get real-time feedback from the audience who reads each episode.

网文作者能从阅读每集故事的 读者那里获得实时反馈。

So the writers get better faster,

所以作者能力提升很快，

and the media companies don’t have to wait until after the show is made

媒体制作公司也不用等到 电视剧拍摄完成，

to see how it goes.

再看观众的反馈。

This new model also helps

这个新的模式也解决了

with the media industry’s notorious problem with diversity.

媒体制作故事一直被诟病的 内容多样性的问题。

Anyone can be a writer in a web story platform,

每个人都能在网文平台 成为一个作者，

from a fresh grad cartoonist to a housewife,

无论是刚毕业的漫画家、家庭主妇，

to who, you know, who dreamed of being a novelist one day.

还是那些，你知道的， 希望有一天能成为小说家的人。

The writers are diverse and creative,

这些作者们很多样，也很有创意，

and so are their stories.

他们的故事也是如此。

One of the popular webtoons called “True Beauty”

一部很热门的网络漫画 叫《女神降临》（True Beauty），

was written by an amateur cartoonist.

是由一个业余漫画家创作的。

It was her first webtoon

这是她第一部网络漫画，

and became a big hit that found fans in close to 100 countries.

也成为了在近 100 个国家收获 众多粉丝的大热门作品。

Then it was made into TV drama that aired all across Asia.

它被拍摄成了电视剧， 在亚洲地区放送。

It’s a story about a high school girl who has quite different looks

这是关于一个化妆和不化妆区别很大的

with and without makeup.

高中女孩的故事。

Then the story shows how she became, you know,

这个故事讲述了她如何开始

comfortable with herself and loved as she is.

接受并热爱真实的自己。

At the beginning, people didn’t know who the writer was.

一开始，人们并不知道 这部剧的作者是谁。

As the show became more and more popular,

随着这部剧越来越受欢迎，

the writer got a spotlight,

这个作者受到了大家的关注，

and it was more surprising that she looked very alike to the main character.

让人惊讶的是，她和 作品中的主角长的很像。

And she’s a single mom.

她还是个单身母亲。

Now, not only has her webtoon and drama become a big hit,

现在不仅是她的网络漫画和 电视剧变成了大热作品，

she’s creating a positive influence

她自己也给大家带来了 积极的影响，

by making single-parent society much more public than before in Korea.

让单亲家庭在韩国社会 得到了更多的关注。

Where to from here?

那接下来会怎么样呢？

I personally believe in a few scenarios of evolution.

我个人会相信会有一些进化。

For the webtoon industry,

对于网络漫画的产业来说，

there will be more and more specialized drawing houses,

会有越来越多的专业绘画工作室入场

which could help with designs and drawing

负责设计和绘画方面，

so that more writers could provide great stories

所以越来越多的作者 可以创造更好的故事，

without having to be great artists.

而不用担心绘画能力和水平。

For streaming networks,

对于流媒体来说，

they will continue to keep an eye on unique stories starting from webtoons

它们会继续关注那些独特的故事，

to web novel,

从网络漫画到网络小说，

to classic novel --

到经典小说，

even mythology.

甚至是神话。

Who knows?

谁知道呢？

Maybe the next big-hit drama could even originate from an old goddess story

也许下一次大热的电视剧是

由印度尼西亚一座岛上的 神话故事改编的。

in an island in Indonesia.

The competition to hunt the best story in the world is on.

寻找全球最佳故事的 比赛正在进行中。

Thank you.

谢谢大家。

(Applause and cheers)

（掌声和欢呼声）