Liz Coleman's call to reinvent liberal arts education

55,619 views ・ 2009-06-01

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Kee-Yoon Nahm κ²€ν† : Nakho Kim
00:12
College presidents are not the first people who come to mind
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창쑰적 상상λ ₯의 μ‚¬μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ
00:16
when the subject is the uses of the creative imagination.
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λŒ€ν•™ ν•™μž₯듀은 κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € λ– μ˜€λ₯΄λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
00:19
So I thought I'd start by telling you how I got here.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이 μžλ¦¬μ— 였게 λλŠ”μ§€λΆ€ν„° λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
The story begins in the late '90s.
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μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” 90λ…„λŒ€ ν›„λ°˜μ— μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
I was invited to meet with leading educators
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μ €λŠ” μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ ν•΄λ°©λœ λ™μœ λŸ½κ³Ό λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„μ˜
00:28
from the newly free Eastern Europe and Russia.
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ꡐ윑 μ§€λ„μžλ“€κ³Όμ˜ λ§Œλ‚¨μ— μ΄ˆμ²­λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
They were trying to figure out how to rebuild their universities.
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그듀은 λŒ€ν•™μ„ μž¬κ±΄ν•  방법을 μ°Ύκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
00:36
Since education under the Soviet Union
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μ†Œλ ¨ 체제 ν•˜μ˜ κ΅μœ‘μ€
00:39
was essentially propaganda
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사싀상 μ„ μ „ν™œλ™μœΌλ‘œ
00:41
serving the purposes of a state ideology,
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κ΅­κ°€ 이데올둜기의 λͺ©μ μ— λ΄‰μ‚¬ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
00:44
they appreciated that it would take wholesale transformations
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자유둜운 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ±Έλ§žλŠ”
00:49
if they were to provide an education
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κ΅μœ‘μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λ €λ©΄
00:51
worthy of free men and women.
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μ™„μ „ν•œ 변신이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
Given this rare opportunity
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μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ μ‹œμž‘ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”
00:56
to start fresh,
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ν¬κ·€ν•œ κΈ°νšŒκ°€ 주어진 그듀은
00:58
they chose liberal arts
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κ°€μž₯ 맀λ ₯적인 λͺ¨λΈλ‘œ
01:00
as the most compelling model
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인문학을 μ„ νƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:02
because of its historic commitment
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 폭 넓은 지적,
01:04
to furthering its students' broadest intellectual,
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그리고 κ°€μž₯ κΉŠμ€ 윀리적 κ°€λŠ₯성듀을
01:07
and deepest ethical potential.
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ν™•μž₯ν•΄μ˜¨ μΈλ¬Έν•™μ˜ 역사적 μ—­ν•  λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:10
Having made that decision
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κ·Έ 결정을 λ‚΄λ¦° 그듀은
01:12
they came to the United States,
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인문학 ꡐ윑의 본거지인
01:14
home of liberal arts education,
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미ꡭ을 λ°©λ¬Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
to talk with some of us
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그런 λ°©μ‹μ˜ ꡐ윑과
01:18
most closely identified
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보닀 λ°€μ ‘ν•˜κ²Œ μ—°κ΄€λœ
01:20
with that kind of education.
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우리 μ „λ¬Έκ°€λ“€κ³Ό μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμš”.
01:22
They spoke with a passion, an urgency,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 말에 λ‹΄κΈ΄ μ—΄μ •, 긴급함,
01:26
an intellectual conviction
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지적인 κ²°μ˜λŠ”
01:28
that, for me, was a voice I had not heard in decades,
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μ œκ°€ μˆ˜μ‹­λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 듣지 λͺ»ν–ˆλ˜ κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
a dream long forgotten.
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μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ μžŠμ–΄μ˜¨ κΏˆμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:35
For, in truth, we had moved light years
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사싀 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그듀을 ν₯λΆ„μ‹œν‚¨ μ—΄μ •λ“€κ³Ό
01:40
from the passions that animated them.
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거리가 μ•„μ£Ό 많이 λ²Œμ–΄μ‘Œμ£ .
01:44
But for me, unlike them,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό 달리 μ €λŠ”,
01:48
in my world, the slate was not clean,
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μ €μ˜ μ„Έκ³„λŠ” λ°±μ§€μƒνƒœκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
and what was written on it was not encouraging.
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그리고 이미 쓰여진 것은 μ•”λ‹΄ν–ˆμ£ .
01:56
In truth, liberal arts education
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사싀 인문학 κ΅μœ‘μ€
01:59
no longer exists --
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이 λ‚˜λΌμ— 더 이상 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:01
at least genuine liberal arts education -- in this country.
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적어도 μ§„μ§œ 인문학 κ΅μœ‘μ€ κ·Έλ ‡μ£ .
02:05
We have professionalized liberal arts to the point
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 인문학을 λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜λ„ μ „λ¬Έν™”μ‹œμΌœ
02:08
where they no longer provide the breadth of application
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더 이상 본래처럼 폭넓은 μ μš©λ²”μœ„μ™€
02:12
and the enhanced capacity for civic engagement
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μ‹œλ―Ό μ‚¬νšŒ μ°Έμ—¬μ˜ ν™•μž₯된 λŠ₯λ ₯을
02:15
that is their signature.
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μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:17
Over the past century
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μ§€λ‚œ 100λ…„ 사이
02:19
the expert has dethroned the educated generalist
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'μ „λ¬Έκ°€' κ°œλ…μ΄ 'κ΅μœ‘λ°›μ€ 쒅합지식인'의 자리λ₯Ό μ°¬νƒˆν•˜κ³ 
02:23
to become the sole model
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지적 μ„±μ·¨μ˜
02:26
of intellectual accomplishment. (Applause)
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μœ μΌν•œ λͺ¨λΈμ΄ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
Expertise has for sure had its moments.
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전문화도 λ¬Όλ‘  빛을 λ°œν•œ μˆœκ°„λ“€μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
02:33
But the price of its dominance is enormous.
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μ „λ¬Έκ°€ λͺ¨λΈλ§Œμ΄ μ§€λ°°ν•˜κ²Œ 된 κ²ƒμ˜ λŒ€κ°€λŠ” μ—„μ²­λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
Subject matters are broken up
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μ£Όμ œλ“€μ€ 점점 더 μž‘μ€
02:39
into smaller and smaller pieces,
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μ‘°κ°λ“€λ‘œ λΆ„ν•΄λ˜κ³ 
02:42
with increasing emphasis on the technical and the obscure.
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기술적이고 λ‚œν•΄ν•œ 것에 보닀 큰 초점이 λ§žμΆ°μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:46
We have even managed to make the study of literature arcane.
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심지어 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¬Έν•™ 연ꡬ쑰차 이해할 수 μ—†κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:51
You may think you know what is going on
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제인 μ˜€μŠ€ν‹΄μ˜ μ†Œμ„€μ΄
02:53
in that Jane Austen novel --
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무슨 λ‚΄μš©μΈμ§€ μ΄ν•΄ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:55
that is, until your first encounter
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포슀트λͺ¨λ˜ ν•΄μ²΄μ£Όμ˜μ™€
02:58
with postmodern deconstructionism.
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λ§ˆμ£ΌμΉ˜μ§€ μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ”μš”.
03:01
The progression of today's college student
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λŒ€ν•™μƒμ˜ 학업은
03:04
is to jettison every interest except one.
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ν•˜λ‚˜ λΉΌκ³  λͺ¨λ“  관심사λ₯Ό ν¬κΈ°ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
And within that one, to continually narrow the focus,
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κ·Έ ν•˜λ‚˜ μ•ˆμ—μ„œλ„ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ 폭을 μ’νž™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
learning more and more about less and less;
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보닀 적은 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 보닀 많이 배우죠.
03:17
this, despite the evidence all around us
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만물의 μƒν˜Έμ—°κ΄€μ„±μ— λŒ€ν•œ
03:20
of the interconnectedness of things.
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μˆ±ν•œ 증거에도 λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³  μ΄λ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
Lest you think I exaggerate,
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제 말이 κ³Όμž₯이라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹ λ‹€λ©΄,
03:26
here are the beginnings of the A-B-Cs of anthropology.
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μ—¬κΈ° 인λ₯˜ν•™μ˜ 기초 뢄과듀이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
As one moves up the ladder,
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사닀리λ₯Ό 타고 였λ₯Όμˆ˜λ‘
03:33
values other than technical competence
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기술적인 λŠ₯λ ₯ μ™Έμ˜ κ°€μΉ˜λ“€μ€
03:35
are viewed with increasing suspicion.
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점차 더 λ―Έμ‹¬μ©κ²Œ μ—¬κ²¨μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
Questions such as,
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이런 μ§ˆλ¬Έλ“€-
03:40
"What kind of a world are we making?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 세계λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€κ³  μžˆλŠ”κ°€?
03:43
What kind of a world should we be making?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 세계λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”κ°€?
03:46
What kind of a world can we be making?"
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 세계λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ”κ°€?
03:49
are treated with more and more skepticism,
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-은 점점 더 회의적인 λŒ€μš°λ₯Ό λ°›κ³ 
03:53
and move off the table.
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μ˜†μœΌλ‘œ μΉ˜μ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
In so doing, the guardians of secular democracy
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이둜써 세속적 민주주의의 μˆ˜ν˜Έμžλ“€μ€
03:59
in effect yield the connection
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ꡐ윑과 κ°€μΉ˜μ˜ 연관성을
04:03
between education and values
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κ·Όλ³Έμ£Όμ˜μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ
04:05
to fundamentalists,
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λ‚΄μ£Όκ³  λ§™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:07
who, you can be sure,
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그듀은 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ
04:09
have no compunctions about using education
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ κ°€μΉ˜, μ‹ μ •(η₯žζ”Ώ)의 μ ˆλŒ€ κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό
04:12
to further their values:
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ν™•μž₯ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
04:14
the absolutes of a theocracy.
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주저없이 κ΅μœ‘μ„ μ΄μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
Meanwhile, the values and voices of democracy are silent.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λŠ” λ™μ•ˆ 민주주의의 κ°€μΉ˜μ™€ λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λŠ” μΉ¨λ¬΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
Either we have lost touch with those values
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그런 κ°€μΉ˜λ“€μ„ μžƒμ–΄λ²„λ Έκ±°λ‚˜,
04:25
or, no better,
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ μ•ˆνƒ€κΉκ²Œλ„
04:27
believe they need not
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κ·Έ κ°€μΉ˜λ“€μ„ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†κ±°λ‚˜
04:29
or cannot be taught.
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κ°€λ₯΄μΉ  수 μ—†λ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
This aversion to social values
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이런 μ‚¬νšŒμ  κ°€μΉ˜μ˜ κΈ°ν”ΌλŠ”
04:33
may seem at odds with the explosion
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곡동체 봉사 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ 폭발적 증가와
04:36
of community service programs.
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λͺ¨μˆœλ˜λŠ” ν˜„μƒμœΌλ‘œ 보일 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
But despite the attention paid to these efforts,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 아무리 주의λ₯Ό κΈ°μšΈμΈλ‹€ 해도
04:41
they remain emphatically extracurricular.
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이런 λ…Έλ ₯듀은 μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•™κ³Ό 외적인 κ²ƒλ“€λ‘œ λ‚¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:45
In effect, civic-mindedness is treated
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό, μ‹œλ―Ό 정신은
04:48
as outside the realm of what purports to be
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μ§„μ§€ν•œ μ‚¬μœ μ™€ μ„±μˆ™ν•œ λͺ©μ μ„ 지ν–₯ν•˜λŠ”
04:51
serious thinking and adult purposes.
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세계 밖에 μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ κ°„μ£Όλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
Simply put, when the impulse is to change the world,
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κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ 말해, 세계λ₯Ό λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€λ €λŠ” 좩동이 μžˆμ–΄λ„
05:00
the academy is more likely to engender
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ꡐ윑 기관은 νž˜μ„ 싀어주기보닀
05:02
a learned helplessness
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ν•™μŠ΅λœ 무기λ ₯을
05:05
than to create a sense of empowerment.
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생성할 κ°€λŠ₯성이 더 λ†’μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
This brew -- oversimplification of civic engagement,
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이런 μ‘°ν•©, μ‹œλ―Ό μ°Έμ—¬μ˜ κ³Όλ„ν•œ λ‹¨μˆœν™”,
05:15
idealization of the expert,
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μ „λ¬Έκ°€μ˜ 이상화,
05:17
fragmentation of knowledge,
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μ§€μ‹μ˜ νŒŒνŽΈν™”,
05:20
emphasis on technical mastery,
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기술적 μˆ™λ ¨μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ°•μ‘°,
05:22
neutrality as a condition of academic integrity --
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학문적 μ§„μ‹€μ„±μ˜ μ‘°κ±΄μœΌλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 쀑립성은
05:26
is toxic when it comes to pursuing the vital connections
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독이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ꡐ윑과 곡곡선,
05:31
between education and the public good,
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지적 진싀성과 인간 자유 μ‚¬μ΄μ˜
05:34
between intellectual integrity
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ν•„μˆ˜μ μΈ 관계λ₯Ό
05:37
and human freedom,
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좔ꡬ할 λ•Œμ— λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:39
which were at the heart --
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이것은 유럽의 λ™λ£Œλ“€μ΄
05:41
(Applause) -- of the challenge posed to and by
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μ œκΈ°ν•œ λ‚œμ œμ˜
05:45
my European colleagues.
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ν•΅μ‹¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:47
When the astronomical distance
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ꡐ윑 κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ ν˜„μ‹€κ³Ό
05:49
between the realities of the academy
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이 도전 과제의 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ λΉ„μ „ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜
05:52
and the visionary intensity of this challenge
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μ²œλ¬Έν•™μ μΈ 거리λ₯Ό
05:55
were more than enough, I can assure you,
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μΈμ‹ν•˜κ²Œ 되자
05:57
to give one pause,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μΌμˆœκ°„ λ©ˆμ·„κ³ ,
06:00
what was happening outside higher education
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κ³ λ“±κ΅μœ‘ λ°–μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일듀을 보자
06:03
made backing off unthinkable.
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λ”λŠ” λ¬ΌλŸ¬μ„€ 수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:06
Whether it was threats to the environment,
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그것이 ν™˜κ²½μ— λŒ€ν•œ μœ„ν˜‘μ΄κ±΄,
06:09
inequities in the distribution of wealth,
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λΆ€μ˜ λΆˆν‰λ“±ν•œ 뢄배이건,
06:12
lack of a sane policy or a sustainable policy
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μ œλŒ€λ‘œ λκ±°λ‚˜ 지속 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ μ •μ±…μ˜ λΆ€μž¬μ΄κ±΄,
06:15
with respect to the continuing uses of energy,
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-μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ˜ 지속적인 μ‚¬μš© λ©΄μ—μ„œ 말이죠-
06:19
we were in desperate straits.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 큰 μœ„κΈ°λ₯Ό λ§žμ΄ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:21
And that was only the beginning.
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그리고 그것은 μ‹œμž‘μ— λΆˆκ³Όν–ˆμ£ .
06:24
The corrupting of our political life
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μ •μΉ˜μ  μƒν™œμ˜ λΆ€νŒ¨λŠ”
06:26
had become a living nightmare;
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μ‚΄μ•„μžˆλŠ” μ•…λͺ½μ΄ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
nothing was exempt --
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아무것도 μ˜ˆμ™Έκ°€ 될 수 μ—†μ—ˆμ£ .
06:31
separation of powers, civil liberties,
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ꢌλ ₯ 뢄립, μ‹œλ―Όμ˜ 자유,
06:34
the rule of law,
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γ„Ήγ„Ή
06:36
the relationship of church and state.
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쒅ꡐ와 κ΅­κ°€μ˜ 뢄리.
06:38
Accompanied by a squandering
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ 그와 ν•¨κ»˜
06:40
of the nation's material wealth
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믿을 수 없을 μ •λ„λ‘œ
06:43
that defied credulity.
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κ΅­κ°€μ˜ 물질적 λΆ€κ°€ λ‚­λΉ„λ˜λ„ 있죠.
06:45
A harrowing predilection for the uses of force
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무λ ₯을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λ”μ°ν•œ κ²½ν–₯이
06:48
had become commonplace,
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일반적인 것이 λ˜μ–΄λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
with an equal distaste
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그리고 κ·Έλ§ŒνΌμ”© λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μ˜
06:52
for the alternative forms of influence.
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영ν–₯λ ₯ 행사 방법은 κΈ°ν”Ό λŒ€μƒμ΄ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
At the same time, all of our firepower was impotent
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ν•œνŽΈ, 우리의 λͺ¨λ“  μ „νˆ¬λ ₯은
07:00
when it came to halting or even stemming
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학살을 μ€‘λ‹¨μ‹œν‚€κ±°λ‚˜ 심지어 μ™„ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 데에도
07:03
the slaughter in Rwanda, Darfur, Myanmar.
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무λ ₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€: λ₯΄μ™„λ‹€, λ‹€λ₯΄ν‘Έλ₯΄, λ―Έμ–€λ§ˆμ—μ„œμš”.
07:08
Our public education, once a model for the world,
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ν•œ λ•Œ 세계에 μ°Έμ‘°λͺ¨λΈμ΄ λ˜μ–΄μ£Όμ—ˆλ˜
07:12
has become most noteworthy
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우리의 곡ꡐ윑 μ œλ„λŠ”
07:14
for its failures.
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이제 μ‹€νŒ¨ν•œ λΆ€λΆ„λ“€λ‘œ κ°€μž₯ 잘 μ•Œλ €μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
Mastery of basic skills and a bare minimum of cultural literacy
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기본적인 기술의 μˆ™λ‹¬κ³Ό μ΅œμ†Œν•œμ˜ 문화적 이해λ ₯은
07:20
eludes vast numbers of our students.
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λ§Žμ€ λ―Έκ΅­ 학생듀을 ν”Όν•΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
Despite having a research establishment
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전세계가 λΆ€λŸ¬μ›Œν•˜λŠ”
07:26
that is the envy of the world,
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연ꡬ 정책을 가지고 μžˆλŠ”λ°λ„
07:28
more than half of the American public
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λ―Έκ΅­ λŒ€μ€‘μ˜ 절반 이상은
07:30
don't believe in evolution.
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진화둠을 믿지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:32
And don't press your luck
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그리고 λ―ΏλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ„
07:34
about how much those who do believe in it
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κ³Όμ—° μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ”μ§€
07:36
actually understand it.
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ‚™κ΄€ν•˜μ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
07:39
Incredibly, this nation,
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λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ 이 λ‚˜λΌλŠ”
07:42
with all its material, intellectual and spiritual resources,
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λ§Žμ€ 물질적, 지적, 영적 μžμ›μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
07:48
seems utterly helpless
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이런 λΆ„μ•Όλ“€μ˜ 좔락을 μ—­μ „μ‹œν‚€λŠ”λ°
07:50
to reverse the freefall in any of these areas.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ 무λ ₯ν•΄ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:55
Equally startling, from my point of view,
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μ €μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œ μ—­μ‹œλ‚˜ λ†€λΌμš΄ 건
07:58
is the fact that no one
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[κ΅­κ°€ 같은] μ •μΉ˜ 톡일체 λ‹¨μœ„μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일듀과
08:00
was drawing any connections
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우수 ꡐ윑 κΈ°κ΄€λ“€μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 일듀 μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ
08:02
between what is happening to the body politic,
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아무도 연관성을 λ°œκ²¬ν•˜μ§€
08:05
and what is happening in our leading educational institutions.
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λͺ»ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:09
We may be at the top of the list
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λŒ€ν•™μ€ 개인이 λΆ€λ₯Ό μΆ•μ ν•˜λŠ” 데
08:12
when it comes to influencing access to personal wealth.
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κ°€μž₯ 영ν–₯λ ₯이 큰 μš”μΈ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ§€λ§Œ
08:16
We are not even on the list
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우리 민주주의의 건강성을 κ°€κΎΈλŠ”
08:18
when it comes to our responsibility
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μ±…μž„ λ©΄μ—μ„œλŠ”
08:21
for the health of this democracy.
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μˆœμœ„κΆŒμ— 듀지도 λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:23
We are playing with fire.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 뢈μž₯λ‚œμ„ ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:26
You can be sure Jefferson knew
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ν† λ§ˆμŠ€ 제퍼슨이 μ–΄λ–€ 의미둜
08:28
what he was talking about when he said,
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이런 말을 ν–ˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•„μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€:
08:30
"If a nation expects to be ignorant and free
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"ν•œ κ΅­κ°€κ°€ λ¬Έλͺ…μ˜ μƒνƒœμ—μ„œ
08:34
in a state of civilization,
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무지와 자유λ₯Ό λ™μ‹œμ— μ›ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
08:36
it expects what never was,
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과거에도 μ—†μ—ˆκ³ 
08:38
and never will be."
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λ―Έλž˜μ—λ„ 없을 것을 μ›ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€."
08:41
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:43
On a more personal note,
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더 개인적인 μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ,
08:45
this betrayal of our principles,
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우리 원칙듀,
08:47
our decency, our hope,
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우리 체면, 우리 희망이 λ°°λ°˜λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” 것이기에
08:49
made it impossible for me
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μ €λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ 이 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„
08:51
to avoid the question,
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ν”Όν•  수 μ—†κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
08:54
"What will I say, years from now,
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λ―Έλž˜μ— μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ €μ—κ²Œ
08:56
when people ask, 'Where were you?'"
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"당신은 λ­ν–ˆμ–΄?"라고 ν•  λ•Œ 뭐라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν• κΉŒ?
09:00
As president of a leading liberal arts college,
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ν˜μ‹ μ˜ μ—­μ‚¬λ‘œ 유λͺ…ν•œ
09:02
famous for its innovative history,
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μ•žμ„œκ°€λŠ” μΈλ¬ΈλŒ€ν•™μ˜ ν•™μž₯μœΌλ‘œμ„œ
09:05
there were no excuses.
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μ €λŠ” λ³€λͺ…μ˜ 여지가 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:07
So the conversation began at Bennington.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ² λ‹ν„΄μ—μ„œ λŒ€ν™”κ°€ μ‹œμž‘λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
Knowing that if we were to regain
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μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 인문 κ΅μœ‘μ„ 되찾으렀면
09:12
the integrity of liberal education,
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κΈ°λ³Έ μ „μ œλ“€λΆ€ν„°
09:14
it would take radical rethinking
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근본적으둜 λ‹€μ‹œ 생각해야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ
09:16
of basic assumptions,
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μ•„λŠ” μƒνƒœμ—μ„œ 말이죠.
09:18
beginning with our priorities.
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μš°μ„ κ³Όμ œλ“€λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
Enhancing the public good becomes a primary objective.
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κ³΅κ³΅μ„ μ˜ ν–₯상은 핡심 λͺ©ν‘œκ°€ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:25
The accomplishment of civic virtue
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μ‹œλ―Όμ‚¬νšŒμ˜ 미덕을 μ„±μ·¨ν•˜λŠ” 것은
09:27
is tied to the uses of intellect and imagination
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지성과 상상λ ₯을 μ΅œλŒ€ν•œμœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것과
09:31
at their most challenging.
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연관돼 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:33
Our ways of approaching agency and authority
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μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ€ 힘과 κΆŒμœ„μ— λŒ€ν•œ 접근법은
09:37
turn inside out to reflect the reality
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우리 μ‹œλŒ€μ— μ‹œλ―Όλ“€μ΄ μ§λ©΄ν•œ
09:41
that no one has the answers
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λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 해결책을 아직 κ·Έ λˆ„κ΅¬λ„
09:44
to the challenges facing citizens in this century,
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κ°–κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” ν˜„μ‹€μ„ λ°˜μ˜ν•˜κ³ μž 이전 방식듀을 μ „λ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:47
and everyone has the responsibility
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λ˜ν•œ 해결책을 μ°ΎκΈ° μœ„ν•œ
09:51
for trying and participating in finding them.
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λ…Έλ ₯κ³Ό μ°Έμ—¬μ˜ μ˜λ¬΄λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒλ„μš”.
09:55
Bennington would continue to teach the arts and sciences
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베닝턴은 μ•žμœΌλ‘œλ„ 계속
09:58
as areas of immersion that acknowledge differences
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개인적, 전문적 λͺ©ν‘œμ˜ 차이λ₯Ό μΈμ‹ν•˜λŠ”
10:01
in personal and professional objectives.
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μ‚¬μœ μ˜ λΆ„μ•Όλ‘œμ„œ 학문을 κ°€λ₯΄μΉ  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
But the balances redressed,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ· ν˜•μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ λ§žμΆ”κΈ°μ—,
10:06
our shared purposes assume an equal
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우리 κ³΅λ™μ˜ λͺ©μ μ— λ™μΌν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
10:09
if not greater importance.
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더 큰 μ€‘μš”μ„±μ„ λΆ€μ—¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:11
When the design emerged it was surprisingly simple and straightforward.
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κ³„νšμ€ λ†€λΌμšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ³  λͺ…λ£Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
The idea is to make the political-social challenges themselves --
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우리의 λ°œμƒμ€ μ •μΉ˜μ‚¬νšŒμ  κ³Όμ œλ“€ κ·Έ 자체, 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
10:20
from health and education
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건강, ꡐ윑,
10:22
to the uses of force --
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무λ ₯의 μ‚¬μš© 등을
10:24
the organizers of the curriculum.
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μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ ꡐ과λ₯Ό νŽΈμ„±ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:27
They would assume the commanding role of traditional disciplines.
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이런 것듀이 전톡적 학문뢄과듀이 μ°¨μ§€ν–ˆλ˜ 지배적 μœ„μΉ˜λ₯Ό 차지할 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:30
But structures designed to connect, rather than divide
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이듀은 뢄리보닀 연결을 μœ„ν•΄ κ³ μ•ˆλœ
10:35
mutually dependent circles,
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μƒν˜Έμ˜μ‘΄μ μΈ 원듀이지,
10:37
rather than isolating triangles.
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κ³ λ¦½μ‹œν‚€λŠ” μ‚Όκ°ν˜•λ“€μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:40
And the point is not to treat these topics
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그리고 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은 이런 μ£Όμ œλ“€μ„
10:43
as topics of study,
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ν•™μŠ΅μ˜ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ λ³΄λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
10:45
but as frameworks of action.
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ν–‰λ™μ˜ ν‹€λ‘œ λ³΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:47
The challenge: to figure out what it will take
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우리의 κ³Όμ œλŠ”
10:51
to actually do something
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의미 있고 지속적인 효과λ₯Ό 거두렀면
10:53
that makes a significant and sustainable difference.
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무엇을 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
Contrary to widely held assumptions,
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일반적으둜 μ•Œλ €μ§„ 것과 달리
11:00
an emphasis on action provides a special urgency to thinking.
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행동을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μ‚¬μœ κ°€ νŠΉλ³„νžˆ μ€‘μš”ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:05
The importance of coming to grips with values like justice,
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μ •μ˜, 평등, 진리 같은 κ°€μΉ˜λ“€μ„
11:10
equity, truth,
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±μ€,
11:12
becomes increasingly evident
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κ·Έμ € κ΄€μ‹¬λ§Œ κ°–λŠ”λ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ
11:14
as students discover that interest alone
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ν•„μš”ν•œ 것듀을 얻을 수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을
11:18
cannot tell them what they need to know
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학생듀이 κΉ¨λ‹«λŠ” 와쀑에 점점 ν™•μ—°ν•˜κ²Œ λ“œλŸ¬λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:21
when the issue is rethinking education,
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ꡐ윑 μ œλ„μ˜ 재고건,
11:24
our approach to health,
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건강에 μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 방식이건,
11:26
or strategies for achieving
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ν‰λ“±μ˜ κ²½μ œν•™μ„
11:28
an economics of equity.
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λ‹¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” μ „λž΅μ΄κ±΄ 간에 말이죠.
11:30
The value of the past also comes alive;
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과거의 κ°€μΉ˜ λ˜ν•œ μ‚΄μ•„λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:34
it provides a lot of company.
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λ™λ°˜μžκ°€ λ˜μ–΄ μ£Όμ£ .
11:36
You are not the first to try to figure this out,
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당신은 이 λ¬Έμ œμ— μ§λ©΄ν•œ 첫 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆκ³ 
11:39
just as you are unlikely to be the last.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ‚¬λžŒλ„ 아닐 것이닀.
11:42
Even more valuable,
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그보닀 더 κ·€μ€‘ν•œ 건,
11:44
history provides a laboratory
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역사가 μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ
11:46
in which we see played out
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κ΄€λ…μ˜ μ˜λ„λœ 결과뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ,
11:49
the actual, as well as the intended
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ”
11:52
consequences of ideas.
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μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:55
In the language of my students,
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ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ 말에 μ˜ν•˜λ©΄,
11:57
"Deep thought matters
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄
11:59
when you're contemplating what to do
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 행동할지 κ³ λ―Όν•  땐
12:01
about things that matter."
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κΉŠμ€ μ‚¬μœ κ°€ μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
A new liberal arts that can support this
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이런 행동 μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ μ»€λ¦¬ν˜λŸΌμ„
12:06
action-oriented curriculum
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μ§€μ›ν•˜λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 인문학이
12:08
has begun to emerge.
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μΆœν˜„ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:10
Rhetoric, the art of organizing the world of words
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μˆ˜μ‚¬ν•™, 말의 세계λ₯Ό 쑰직해
12:14
to maximum effect.
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μ΅œλŒ€μ˜ 효과λ₯Ό μ–»λŠ” 기술.
12:16
Design, the art of organizing the world of things.
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λ””μžμΈ, μ‚¬λ¬Όμ˜ 세계λ₯Ό μ‘°μ§ν•˜λŠ” 기술.
12:21
Mediation and improvisation
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μ€‘μž¬μ™€ 즉ν₯ λ˜ν•œ
12:23
also assume a special place in this new pantheon.
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이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ§ˆμ„œ μ•ˆμ— νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 자리λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:28
Quantitative reasoning attains its proper position
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양적 μ‚¬μœ λŠ” 츑정이 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μƒν™©μ—μ„œ
12:31
at the heart of what it takes to manage change
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λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ”λ° ν•„μš”ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ‘œμ„œ
12:35
where measurement is crucial.
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μ ν•©ν•˜κ²Œ μžλ¦¬μž‘μ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:37
As is a capacity to discriminate
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무엇이 핡심이고 무엇이 주변인지
12:40
systematically between what is at the core
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μ²΄κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ ꡬ별할 수 μžˆλŠ”
12:43
and what is at the periphery.
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μ—­λŸ‰λ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:45
And when making connections is of the essence,
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그리고 연관성을 μ°ΎλŠ” 것이 ν•„μš”ν•  λ•Œ
12:48
the power of technology emerges with special intensity.
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ν…Œν¬λ†€λ‘œμ§€μ˜ νž˜μ€ 특히 λΆ€κ°λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:53
But so does the importance of content.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‚΄μš©μ˜ μ€‘μš”μ„±λ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ£ .
12:56
The more powerful our reach,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 κ°•λ ₯ν•˜κ²Œ λ»—μ„μˆ˜λ‘
12:58
the more important the question "About what?"
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"무엇에 λŒ€ν•œ 것인가?"λΌλŠ” 질문이 더 μ€‘μš”ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:02
When improvisation, resourcefulness, imagination are key,
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즉ν₯μ„±, μœ΅ν†΅μ„±, 상상λ ₯이 μ—΄μ‡ κ°€ 되면
13:06
artists, at long last,
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μ˜ˆμˆ κ°€λ“€μ—κ²Œλ„ λ“œλ””μ–΄
13:09
take their place at the table,
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ μžλ¦¬κ°€ μ£Όμ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:11
when strategies of action are in the process of being designed.
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행동 μ „λž΅μ΄ κ³ μ•ˆλ  λ•Œ 말이죠.
13:17
In this dramatically expanded ideal
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극적으둜 ν™•μž₯된
13:19
of a liberal arts education
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이상적인 인문학 κ΅μœ‘μ—μ„œλŠ”
13:21
where the continuum of thought and action is its life's blood,
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μ‚¬μœ μ™€ ν–‰λ™μ˜ 연속이 생λͺ…쀄이고
13:25
knowledge honed outside the academy
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ꡐ윑 κΈ°κ΄€ λ°–μ—μ„œ 갈고 닦은 지식이
13:28
becomes essential.
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λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ ν•„μš”ν•΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:30
Social activists, business leaders,
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μ‚¬νšŒ ν™œλ™κ°€, λΉ„μ¦ˆλ‹ˆμŠ€ 리더,
13:33
lawyers, politicians, professionals
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λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬, μ •μΉ˜μΈ, μ „λ¬Έκ°€λ“€ λͺ¨λ‘
13:35
will join the faculty as active and ongoing participants
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ν™œλ™μ μ΄κ³  지속적인 μ°Έμ—¬μžλ‘œ κ΅μˆ˜μ§„μ— ν•©λ₯˜ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:40
in this wedding of liberal education to the advancement of the public good.
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인문학 ꡐ윑과 κ³΅κ³΅μ„ μ˜ ν–₯μƒμ˜ κ²°ν•© μ†μ—μ„œ 말이죠.
13:44
Students, in turn, continuously move outside the classroom
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학생듀 λ˜ν•œ μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ ꡐ싀 λ°–μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜κ°€
13:49
to engage the world directly.
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세계과 직접 λ§ˆμ£Όν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:52
And of course, this new wine
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘  μƒˆ μˆ μ—λŠ”
13:55
needs new bottles
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λΆ€λŒ€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ£ .
13:57
if we are to capture the liveliness and dynamism
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이 λ°œμƒμ˜ 생λͺ…λ ₯κ³Ό 역동성을
14:01
of this idea.
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ν¬μ„­ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 말이죠.
14:03
The most important discovery we made
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곡적 행동에 μ΄ˆμ μ„ 맞좘 μš°λ¦¬κ°€
14:05
in our focus on public action
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λ°œκ²¬ν•œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은
14:08
was to appreciate that the hard choices
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μ–΄λ €μš΄ 선택은
14:11
are not between good and evil,
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μ„ κ³Ό μ•… μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ 선택이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
14:14
but between competing goods.
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κ²½μŸν•˜λŠ” μ„ λ“€ μ‚¬μ΄μ˜ μ„ νƒμ΄λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:17
This discovery is transforming.
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이 λ°œκ²¬μ€ λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:20
It undercuts self-righteousness,
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λ…μ„ μ£Όμ˜λ₯Ό λ¬΄λ§ˆν•˜κ³ 
14:22
radically alters the tone and character of controversy,
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λ…Όλž€μ˜ 어쑰와 성격을 κΈ‰μ§„μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
14:26
and enriches dramatically
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κ³΅ν†΅μ˜ 지점을 μ°ΎλŠ” κ°€λŠ₯성을
14:28
the possibilities for finding common ground.
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극적으둜 ν–₯μƒμ‹œν‚΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:31
Ideology, zealotry,
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이데올둜기, κ΄‘μ‹ ,
14:33
unsubstantiated opinions simply won't do.
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κ·Όκ±°κ°€ μ—†λŠ” μ˜κ²¬μ€ μ„€ μžλ¦¬κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:38
This is a political education, to be sure.
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이것은 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ μ •μΉ˜μ μΈ κ΅μœ‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:42
But it is a politics of principle,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ›μΉ™μ˜ μ •μΉ˜ν•™μ΄μ§€
14:45
not of partisanship.
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λ‹ΉνŒŒμ˜ μ •μΉ˜ν•™μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:47
So the challenge for Bennington is to do it.
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λ² λ‹ν„΄μ˜ κ³Όμ œλŠ” 그것을 μ‹€ν˜„ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
14:50
On the cover of Bennington's 2008 holiday card
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λ² λ‹ν„΄μ˜ 2008λ…„ μ—°ν•˜μž₯ ν‘œμ§€μ—λŠ”
14:54
is the architect's sketch of a building
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2010년에 완곡될
14:56
opening in 2010
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건물의 μŠ€μΌ€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:58
that is to be a center for the advancement
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이 건물은 곡곡 행동 μž₯λ €λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ
15:00
of public action.
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μ„Όν„°κ°€ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:02
The center will embody and sustain this new educational commitment.
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이 μ„Όν„°λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ ꡐ윑적 의무λ₯Ό κ΅¬ν˜„ν•˜κ³  μœ μ§€ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:07
Think of it as a kind of secular church.
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μΌμ’…μ˜ 세속적인 ꡐ회라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
15:10
The words on the card describe what will happen inside.
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μ—°ν•˜μž₯에 적힌 말은 κ·Έ μ•ˆμ—μ„œ λ²Œμ–΄μ§ˆ 일을 μ„€λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:14
We intend to turn the intellectual
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 학생,
15:16
and imaginative power, passion and boldness
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κ΅μˆ˜μ™€ κ΅μ§μ›μ˜ 지성과 상상λ ₯,
15:19
of our students, faculty and staff
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μ—΄μ •κ³Ό λŒ€λ‹΄μ„±μ„ μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œ
15:23
to developing strategies
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우리 μ‹œλŒ€μ˜ ν•„μˆ˜μ μΈ κ³Όμ œμ— λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λŠ”
15:25
for acting on the critical challenges of our time.
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μ „λž΅λ“€μ„ κ°œλ°œν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:29
So we are doing our job.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 저희가 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:32
While these past weeks have been a time
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μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡ μ£Ό λ™μ•ˆ λ―Έκ΅­ 전체가
15:34
of national exhilaration in this country,
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(μ˜€λ°”λ§ˆ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ή λ‹Ήμ„ μœΌλ‘œ) ν₯뢄에 νœ©μ‹Έμ—¬ μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
15:37
it would be tragic if you thought this meant
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그걸둜 당신이 ν•  일이 μ™„μˆ˜λλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄
15:40
your job was done.
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비극이 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:42
The glacial silence we have experienced
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ°¨κ°€μš΄ 침묡으둜 μ§€μΌœλ³Έ
15:45
in the face of the shredding of the constitution,
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ν—Œλ²•μ˜ 파괴,
15:48
the unraveling of our public institutions,
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곡적 κΈ°κ΄€λ“€μ˜ 해체,
15:51
the deterioration of our infrastructure
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μΈν”„λΌμ˜ 쇠진은
15:53
is not limited to the universities.
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λŒ€ν•™μ—λ§Œ κ΅­ν•œλœ 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:55
We the people
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우리, ꡭ민듀은
15:57
have become inured to our own irrelevance
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μ‚¬νšŒμ  μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ–΄λ–€ 일듀에 λŒ€ν•œ
16:01
when it comes to doing anything significant
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μ–΄λ–€ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 행동을 ν•΄μ•Όν•  λ•Œ
16:03
about anything that matters
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κ·Έμ € (λ‹€μŒ λŒ€μ„ κΉŒμ§€) 4년을 더 κΈ°λ‹€λ¦¬λŠ” 것 μ΄μƒμœΌλ‘œλŠ”
16:05
concerning governance,
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λ‚˜μ„œμ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ 될 μ •λ„λ‘œ
16:07
beyond waiting another four years.
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우리 μžμ‹ μ˜ 무관심에 μ΅μˆ™ν•΄μ Έ λ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:10
We persist also
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λ˜ν•œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ”
16:13
in being sidelined by the idea of the expert
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μ „λ¬Έκ°€μ˜ κ΄€λ…λ§Œμ΄ 닡을 내릴 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 생각에
16:16
as the only one capable of coming up with answers,
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슀슀둜 λ°©κ΄€μžκ°€ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:19
despite the overwhelming evidence to the contrary.
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그렇지 μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 증거가 λ„˜μ³λ‚˜λŠ”λ°λ„ 말이죠.
16:24
The problem is there is no such thing
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μ΄κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: μ „λ¬Έκ°€, 광신도,
16:29
as a viable democracy made up of experts,
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μ •μΉ˜κ°€, 그리고 κ΄€κ°λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘ŒλŠ”λ°λ„
16:33
zealots, politicians and spectators.
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생쑴 κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ λ―Όμ£Όμ£Όμ˜κ°™μ€ 건 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:37
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
16:44
People will continue and should continue
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ
16:46
to learn everything there is to know about something or other.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 일듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΅œλŒ€ν•œ 많이 λ°°μ›Œμ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:49
We actually do it all the time.
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사싀 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 늘 그러죠.
16:52
And there will be and should be
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘  평생토둝
16:54
those who spend a lifetime
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μ•„μ£Ό ꡬ체적으둜 μ •μ˜λœ ν•™λ¬Έ λΆ„μ•Όλ₯Ό
16:56
pursuing a very highly defined area of inquiry.
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μΆ”κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžˆμ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:00
But this single-mindedness will not yield
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 λ‹¨μΌν•œ 사고법은
17:03
the flexibilities of mind,
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이 λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ‚¬μœ μ˜ μœ μ—°μ„±,
17:05
the multiplicity of perspectives,
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 관점,
17:08
the capacities for collaboration and innovation
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ν˜‘λ™κ³Ό ν˜μ‹ μ˜ μ—­λŸ‰μ„
17:11
this country needs.
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λΆˆλŸ¬λ‚΄μ§€ λͺ»ν•  κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:13
That is where you come in.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:15
What is certain is that the individual talent
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ν™•μ‹€ν•œ 것은 μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ ν’μ„±ν•˜κ²Œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ”
17:19
exhibited in such abundance here,
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개인적인 재λŠ₯듀이
17:22
needs to turn its attention
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관심을 λŒλ €μ„œ,
17:25
to that collaborative, messy, frustrating,
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ν˜‘μ—…, λ‚œμž‘ν•¨, 쒌절,
17:29
contentious and impossible world
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λΆ„μŸ 및 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•¨μœΌλ‘œ κ°€λ“ν•œ
17:32
of politics and public policy.
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μ •μΉ˜μ™€ 곡곡 μ •μ±…μ˜ 세계λ₯Ό 봐야 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:34
President Obama and his team
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μ˜€λ°”λ§ˆ λŒ€ν†΅λ Ήκ³Ό 그의 μ •λΆ€λŠ”
17:37
simply cannot do it alone.
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ν˜Όμžμ„œ ν•΄λ‚Ό 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:40
If the question of where to start seems overwhelming
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μ–΄λ””μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό 할지 λͺ°λΌ μ••λ„λ‹Ήν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
17:44
you are at the beginning, not the end of this adventure.
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당신은 λͺ¨ν—˜μ˜ 끝이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μ‹œμž‘μ— μžˆλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:47
Being overwhelmed is the first step
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μ••λ„λ‹Ήν•˜λŠ” 것이 첫 단계이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:50
if you are serious about trying to get at things that really matter,
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μ •λ§λ‘œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 일을 ν•΄μ„œ 효과λ₯Ό κ±°λ‘κ² λ‹€λŠ”
17:54
on a scale that makes a difference.
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μ§„μ§€ν•œ 마음이 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄μš”.
17:57
So what do you do when you feel overwhelmed?
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압도당할 λ•Œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν• κΉŒμš”?
18:00
Well, you have two things.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 두 가지λ₯Ό 가지고 있죠.
18:03
You have a mind. And you have other people.
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마음이 있고, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:06
Start with those, and change the world.
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κ±°κΈ°μ„œ μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ„œ 세계λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ‰μ‹œλ‹€.
18:11
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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