Stephen Palumbi: Following the mercury trail

48,176 views ใƒป 2010-06-30

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ๊ฒ€ํ† : InHyuk Song
00:16
It can be a very complicated thing, the ocean.
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ํ•ด์–‘์€ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
And it can be a very complicated thing, what human health is.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๋„ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
And bringing those two together might seem a very daunting task,
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋‘˜์„ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
but what I'm going to try to say is that
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
00:26
even in that complexity,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ณต์žก์„ฑ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
00:28
there's some simple themes that I think,
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ…Œ๋งˆ์— ํ•œํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
00:30
if we understand, we can really move forward.
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์ง„์ „์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
And those simple themes aren't really
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ…Œ๋งˆ๋“ค์ด๋ž€
00:35
themes about the complex science of what's going on,
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๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ณผํ•™๋ถ„์•ผ์— ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํ…Œ๋งˆ๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค
00:37
but things that we all pretty well know.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
And I'm going to start with this one:
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”
00:41
If momma ain't happy, ain't nobody happy.
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"๋งŒ์•ฝ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:44
We know that, right? We've experienced that.
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์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜์…จ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
And if we just take that
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ 
00:49
and we build from there,
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณด๋ฉด
00:51
then we can go to the next step,
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
which is that if the ocean ain't happy,
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"๋งŒ์•ฝ ํ•ด์–‘์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:56
ain't nobody happy.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:58
That's the theme of my talk.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
And we're making the ocean pretty unhappy in a lot of different ways.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
This is a shot of Cannery Row in 1932.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 1932๋…„ ์บ๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ ๋กœ์šฐ(Cannery Row) ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
Cannery Row, at the time,
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์บ๋„ˆ๋ฆฌ ๋กœ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—
01:08
had the biggest industrial
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์„œ๋ถ€ ์—ฐ์•ˆ ์ตœ๋Œ€์˜
01:10
canning operation on the west coast.
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ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ ์ œ์กฐ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:12
We piled enormous amounts of pollution
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์Œ“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
into the air and into the water.
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๋Œ€๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฌผ์—๋‹ค ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:17
Rolf Bolin, who was a professor
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ํ™‰ํ‚จ์Šค ํ•ด์–‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜€๋˜ Rolf Bolin ๋Š”
01:19
at the Hopkin's Marine Station where I work,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ํ™‰ํ‚จ์Šค ํ•ด์–‘ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜€๋˜ Rolf Bolin ๋Š”
01:21
wrote in the 1940s that
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1940๋…„์— ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธ€์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
"The fumes from the scum floating on the inlets of the bay
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"๋งŒ ์ž…๊ตฌ์— ๋– ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐํ’ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์—ฐ์€
01:26
were so bad they turned
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๋‚ฉ์„ฑ๋ถ„ ํŽ˜์ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ •๋„๋กœ
01:28
lead-based paints black."
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๋งค์šฐ ํ•ด๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:30
People working in these canneries
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ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ ๊ณต์žฅ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
01:32
could barely stay there all day because of the smell,
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์•…์ทจ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๊ฒจ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
but you know what they came out saying?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
01:37
They say, "You know what you smell?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ, "์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•„?"
01:39
You smell money."
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"๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ˆ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ์•ผ"
01:41
That pollution was money to that community,
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์˜ค์—ผ์€ ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
and those people dealt with the pollution
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์น˜๋ถ€ํ•ด ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
01:46
and absorbed it into their skin and into their bodies
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์˜ค์—ผ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์™€ ๋ชธ ์†์— ํก์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
because they needed the money.
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๋ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
01:51
We made the ocean unhappy; we made people very unhappy,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
and we made them unhealthy.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ํ•ด์น˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
The connection between ocean health and human health
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ ํ•ด์–‘ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š”
01:59
is actually based upon another couple simple adages,
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๋ช‡ ๋ช‡ ์†๋‹ด์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
and I want to call that
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ตฐ์š”
02:04
"pinch a minnow, hurt a whale."
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"ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํ˜€๋ผ, ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์น  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."
02:06
The pyramid of ocean life ...
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ํ•ด์–‘์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š”
02:08
Now, when an ecologist looks at the ocean -- I have to tell you --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ..์ƒํƒœํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š”.. -- ์ด์ ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ค์•ผ ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”
02:11
we look at the ocean in a very different way,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
and we see different things than when a regular person looks at the ocean
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์ €ํฌ ์ƒํƒœํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ณดํ†ต ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
because when an ecologist looks at the ocean,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ƒํƒœํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
02:18
we see all those interconnections.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํ˜ธ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
We see the base of the food chain,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ๋งจ ๋ฐ‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด ๋ณผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
the plankton, the small things,
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ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์ฃ .
02:24
and we see how those animals
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€
02:26
are food to animals in the middle of the pyramid,
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๋จน์ด๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
and on so up this diagram.
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์ด ๋„ํ‘œ์ƒ์—์„œ์š”.
02:33
And that flow, that flow of life,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„,
02:35
from the very base up to the very top,
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๋ฐ‘์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์œ„์—๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„
02:37
is the flow that ecologists see.
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์ƒํƒœํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
And that's what we're trying to preserve
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ "ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด์–‘์„ ์น˜๋ฃŒํ•˜์ž"๊ณ  ์™ธ์น˜๋ฉฐ
02:41
when we say, "Save the ocean. Heal the ocean."
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๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ
02:44
It's that pyramid.
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๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Now why does that matter for human health?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
02:49
Because when we jam things in the bottom
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋งจ ๋ฐ‘๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š”
02:51
of that pyramid that shouldn't be there,
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ต๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
02:53
some very frightening things happen.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฌด์„œ์šด ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
Pollutants, some pollutants have been created by us:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค ์ค‘์—์„œ
02:59
molecules like PCBs
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์œ ๊ธฐ์—ผ์†Œํ™”ํ•ฉ๋ฌผ(PCB)๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ„์ž๋“ค์€
03:01
that can't be broken down by our bodies.
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์ฒด๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
And they go in the base of that pyramid,
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PCB๋Š” ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ ํ•˜๋‹จ๋ถ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ ,
03:05
and they drift up; they're passed up that way,
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๋– ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹ค์Œ ํฌ์‹์ž๋กœ ์ด์ „๋˜๊ณ 
03:08
on to predators and on to the top predators,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋” ์ƒ์œ„ ํฌ์‹์ž๋กœ ์ด์ „๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
and in so doing,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
03:12
they accumulate.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:14
Now, to bring that home, I thought I'd invent a little game.
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์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด , ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
We don't really have to play it; we can just think about it here.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ตฌ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ƒ์ƒ๋งŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
It's the Styrofoam and chocolate game.
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'์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ๊ณผ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ' ๊ฒŒ์ž„์ธ๋ฐ์š”
03:20
Imagine that when we got on this boat,
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๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
03:23
we were all given
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ์ž 2๊ฐœ์˜
03:25
two Styrofoam peanuts.
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
Can't do much with them: Put them in your pocket.
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๊ทธ๊ฑธ๋กœ ๋ญ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ์— ๋„ฃ์œผ์„ธ์š”
03:29
Suppose the rules are: every time you offer somebody a drink,
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๊ทœ์น™์€ ์ด๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ถŒํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
03:32
you give them the drink,
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์‹ค ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
03:34
and you give them your Styrofoam peanuts too.
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์ž๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋„˜๊ฒจ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
What'll happen is that the Styrofoam peanuts
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”
03:38
will start moving through our society here,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:40
and they will accumulate in
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด์„œ
03:42
the drunkest, stingiest people.
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ๋‚ด๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ธ์ƒ‰ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ถ•์ ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
03:44
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:49
There's no mechanism in this game
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์ด ๊ฒŒ์ž„์— ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์กฐ์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ํ•„์š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
for them to go anywhere but into
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ง€
03:53
a bigger and bigger pile
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์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์ปค์ง„ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ธ
03:55
of indigestible Styrofoam peanuts.
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์†Œํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
And that's exactly what happens with PDBs
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ PCB์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:59
in this food pyramid:
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์ด ๋จน์ด ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์—์„œ์š”
04:01
They accumulate into the top of it.
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PCB๋Š” ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ตœ์ƒ์œ„๋กœ ์ถ•์ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
Now suppose, instead of Styrofoam peanuts,
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์ž ์ด์ œ ์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋‹ค์Œ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค
04:06
we take these lovely little chocolates that we get
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ž‘์€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
and we had those instead.
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์Šคํ‹ฐ๋กœํผ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:10
Well, some of us would be eating those chocolates
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์€ ์ด ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ๋จน์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
instead of passing them around,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๋„ค๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
04:14
and instead of accumulating,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถ•์ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
04:16
they will just pass into our group here
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์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์€ ์ฐธ์„์ž๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฅผ ์ง€๋‚˜๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
04:19
and not accumulate in any one group
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์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ๋„ ์ถ•์ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ป๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
because they're absorbed by us.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”
04:23
And that's the difference between a PCB
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ ์ด PCB์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
and, say, something natural like an omega-3,
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์˜ค๋ฉ”๊ฐ€3 ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒœ์—ฐ๋ฌผ์งˆ์—
04:27
something we want out of the marine food chain.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋จน์ด ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ 
04:31
PCBs accumulate.
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PCB๊ฐ€ ์ถ•์ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
We have great examples of that, unfortunately.
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
PCBs accumulate in dolphins
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PCB๋Š” ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ถ•์ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
in Sarasota Bay, in Texas, in North Carolina.
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๋…ธ์Šค ์บ๋กค๋ผ์ด๋‚˜์˜ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์ฃผ, ์‚ฌ๋ผ์†Œํƒ€ ๋งŒ์—์„œ์š”
04:40
They get into the food chain.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
The dolphins eat the fish
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๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€์š”
04:44
that have PCBs from the plankton,
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๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค์—๊ฒŒ PCB ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์–ป๊ณ ์š”
04:46
and those PCBs, being fat-soluble,
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์ง€์šฉ์„ฑ์ธ PCB๋Š”
04:49
accumulate in these dolphins.
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์ด ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ถ•์ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
Now, a dolphin,
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์ด์ œ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š”
04:53
mother dolphin, any dolphin --
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์–ด๋ฏธ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ , ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ 
04:55
there's only one way
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์˜ค์ง ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
that a PCB can get out of a dolphin.
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PCB๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
04:59
And what's that?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
05:01
In mother's milk.
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์–ด๋ฏธ์˜ ์ –์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Here's a diagram of the PCB load
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์ด ๋„ํ‘œ๋Š” PCB๊ฐ€
05:05
of dolphins in Sarasota Bay.
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์‚ฌ๋ผ์†Œํƒ€ ๋งŒ์˜ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์— ์ถ•์ ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
Adult males: a huge load.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•œ ์ˆซ์ปท์€, ๋งŽ์ด ์ถ•์  ๋˜์—ˆ๊ตฌ์š”
05:09
Juveniles: a huge load.
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์ฒญ๋…„๊ธฐ, ๋งŽ์ด ์ถ•์ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
Females after their first calf is already weaned:
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์˜ ์ –๋จน์ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ์•”์ปท์€
05:13
a lower load.
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์ ๊ฒŒ ์ถ•์ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Those females, they're not trying to.
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์ด ์•”์ปท๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์š”
05:17
Those females are passing the PCBs
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์ด ์•”์ปท๋“ค์€ PCB๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์˜€๊ณ 
05:19
in the fat of their own mother's milk
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์œ ์˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ
05:22
into their offspring,
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์ƒˆ๋ผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
05:24
and their offspring don't survive.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
The death rate in these dolphins,
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์ด ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง๋ฅ ์€
05:29
for the first calf born of every female dolphin,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์•”์ปท ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋กœ
05:31
is 60 to 80 percent.
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60~80 ํผ์„ผํŠธ ์ •๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
These mothers pump their first offspring
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์–ด๋ฏธ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ๊ตฌ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
full of this pollutant,
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์ด ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋“ ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
05:38
and most of them die.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Now, the mother then can go and reproduce,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
but what a terrible price to pay
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์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ถ•์ ์€ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
for the accumulation of this pollutant
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์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ถ•์ ์€ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
in these animals --
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์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ถ•์ ์€ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
the death of the first-born calf.
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์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์˜ค์—ผ๋ฌผ์งˆ์˜ ์ถ•์ ์€ ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒˆ๋ผ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋”์ฐํ•œ ํฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
There's another top predator in the ocean, it turns out.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ์œ„ ํฌ์‹์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
That top predator, of course, is us.
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๊ทธ ์ƒ์œ„ ํฌ์‹์ž๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
And we also are eating meat
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
that comes from some of these same places.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์žกํžŒ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
This is whale meat
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
that I photographed in a grocery store in Tokyo --
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์ €๋Š” ๋„์ฟ„์˜ ์žกํ™”์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
or is it?
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.
06:06
In fact, what we did a few years ago
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ „์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
06:08
was learn how to smuggle
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๋ฐ€๋งคํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ
06:10
a molecular biology lab into Tokyo
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๋„์ฟ„์—์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์ž ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์†Œ์— ๋“ค์—ฌ์™€
06:12
and use it to genetically test the DNA
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ DNA ์œ ์ „์ž ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ
06:15
out of whale meat samples
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ด์šฉํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์—์„œ ์ถ”์ถœํ•œ DNA ์œ ์ „์ž ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ
06:17
and identify what they really were.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
And some of those whale meat samples were whale meat.
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์ด ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Some of them were illegal whale meat, by the way.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์  ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:23
That's another story.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
But some of them were not whale meat at all.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
Even though they were labeled whale meat, they were dolphin meat.
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๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
Some of them were dolphin liver. Some of them were dolphin blubber.
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์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ฐ„์ด์˜€๊ณ , ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
And those dolphin parts
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
06:35
had a huge load of PCBs,
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ PCB ์ถ•์ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ
06:37
dioxins and heavy metals.
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๋…์†Œ์™€ ์ค‘๊ธˆ์†์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
And that huge load was passing into the people
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ถ•์ ๋ฌผ์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
that ate this meat.
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์ด ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์œผ๋ฉด์„œ์š”
06:44
It turns out that a lot of dolphins
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๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋“ค์ด
06:46
are being sold as meat
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๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐํ˜€์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
in the whale meat market around the world.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ์š”
06:50
That's a tragedy for those populations,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋น„๊ทน์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
but it's also a tragedy
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋น„๊ทน์€
06:54
for the people eating them
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
because they don't know that that's toxic meat.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ๋…์„ฑ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
We had these data a few years ago.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ „ ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
I remember sitting at my desk
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์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์•‰์•„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
being about the only person in the world
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ตฌ๋‚˜
07:06
who knew that whale meat being sold in these markets
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์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์—์„œ ํŒ”๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ž˜ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์ด๋ฉฐ
07:09
was really dolphin meat, and it was toxic.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋…์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„๋Š” ๋‹จ ํ•œ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„์š”
07:12
It had two-to-three-to-400 times the toxic loads
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๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜์—๋Š” 200๋ฐฐ์—์„œ 400๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋…์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
ever allowed by the EPA.
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตญ์— ์Šน์ธ๋œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:17
And I remember there sitting at my desk thinking,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ฑ…์ƒ์— ์•‰์•„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:20
"Well, I know this. This is a great scientific discovery,"
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์ด๊ฑด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ณผํ•™์  ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์ด์•ผ"
07:23
but it was so awful.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฑด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ตฐ
07:25
And for the very first time in my scientific career,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™์ž ์ƒํ™œ ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ
07:27
I broke scientific protocol,
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๊ณผํ•™์  ์ ˆ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊นผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
which is that you take the data and publish them in scientific journals
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋ฐ์ดํƒ€๋ฅผ ๊ณผํ•™ ์žก์ง€์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ณ 
07:32
and then begin to talk about them.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
We sent a very polite letter
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณต์†ํ•œ ์„œํ•œ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
to the Minister of Health in Japan
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์ผ๋ณธ์˜ ๋ณด๊ฑด์„ฑ ์žฅ๊ด€์—๊ฒŒ์š”.
07:39
and simply pointed out that
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์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ช…๋ฃŒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:42
this is an intolerable situation, not for us,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
07:44
but for the people of Japan
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ณธ ๊ตญ๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ 
07:46
because mothers who may be breastfeeding,
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๋ชจ์œ ์ˆ˜์œ ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ,
07:49
who may have young children,
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ
07:51
would be buying something that they thought was healthy,
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
07:54
but it was really toxic.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ๋…๋ฌผ์งˆ ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:56
That led to a whole series of other campaigns in Japan,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์šด๋™๋“ค์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋‚ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
and I'm really proud to say that at this point,
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์ด ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
it's very difficult to buy anything in Japan
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์ผ๋ณธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
that's labeled incorrectly,
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๋ผ๋ฒจ์ด ๋ถ€์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”
08:07
even though they're still selling whale meat,
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๋น„๋ก ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ง๋„ ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋”๋ผ๋„
08:09
which I believe they shouldn't.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํŒ”์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์ง€๋งŒ
08:11
But at least it's labeled correctly,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ ์–ด๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
and you're no longer going to be buying
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์œ ํ•ด๋ž€ ๋Œ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋ฅผ
08:15
toxic dolphin meat instead.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
It isn't just there that this happens,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๊ณณ๋ฟ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
but in a natural diet of some communities
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์—์„œ ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์‹์‚ฌ๋กœ
08:23
in the Canadian arctic and in the United States
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ๋ถ๊ทน ์ชฝ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ง€์—ญ
08:25
and in the European arctic,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ๊ทน์ง€์—์„œ
08:27
a natural diet of seals and whales
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๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์‹๋‹จ์ธ ๋ฌผ๊ฐœ์™€ ๊ณ ๋ž˜๋Š”
08:30
leads to an accumulation of PCBs
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PCB๊ฐ€ ์ถ•์ ๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:32
that have gathered up from all parts of the world
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
and ended up in these women.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
These women have toxic breast milk.
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์œ ๋…ํ•œ ๋ชจ์œ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
They cannot feed their offspring, their children,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ“๋‚œ์• ๋“ค๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
their breast milk
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชจ์œ ๋กœ์š”
08:45
because of the accumulation of these toxins
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋…๊ทน๋ฌผ์˜ ์ถ•์  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
in their food chain,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์—์„œ์š”
08:49
in their part of the world's
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„
08:51
ocean pyramid.
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ํ•ด์–‘ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”
08:53
That means their immune systems are compromised.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฉด์—ญ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
It means that their children's development
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์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ์„
08:58
can be compromised.
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์œ„ํƒœ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
And the world's attention on this over the last decade
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์ง€๋‚œ 10๋…„๊ฐ„ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€
09:03
has reduced the problem
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
for these women,
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
09:07
not by changing the pyramid,
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
09:09
but by changing what they particularly eat out of it.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋จน๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์„œ์š”
09:11
We've taken them out of their natural pyramid
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋นผ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
in order to solve this problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
09:16
That's a good thing for this particular acute problem,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
but it does nothing to solve the pyramid problem.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํ’€๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
There's other ways of breaking the pyramid.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊นฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
The pyramid, if we jam things in the bottom,
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ ํ•˜๋ถ€์— ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์žก์•„๋‘”๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:26
can get backed up like a sewer line that's clogged.
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๋ง‰ํ˜”๋˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ด€์„ ๋šซ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
And if we jam nutrients, sewage, fertilizer
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–‘๋ถ„, ์˜ค๋ฌผ, ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด
09:32
in the base of that food pyramid,
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ๋งจ ๋ฐ‘์— ๋ง์ด์—์š”
09:34
it can back up all through it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
We end up with things we've heard about before:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์— ๋“ค์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
red tides, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ๋“ค์–ด
09:40
which are blooms of toxic algae
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ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋– ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ
09:42
floating through the oceans
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ์  ์†์ƒ์„ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š”
09:44
causing neurological damage.
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์œ ํ•ดํ•œ ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑ์ธ ์ ์กฐํ˜„์ƒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:46
We can also see blooms of bacteria,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
blooms of viruses in the ocean.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘์—์„œ์˜ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค์˜ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
These are two shots of a red tide coming on shore here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ 2๊ฐœ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ
09:53
and a bacteria
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๋น„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ข…์˜ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋ฐ
09:55
in the genus vibrio,
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๋น„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ข…์˜ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋ฐ
09:57
which includes the genus that has cholera in it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
How many people have seen a "beach closed" sign?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด๋ณ€์ด ํ์‡„๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์…จ๋Š”์ง€์š”
10:05
Why does that happen?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
10:07
It happens because we have jammed so much
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์ด๋Ÿฐ์ผ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฒƒ์€,
10:09
into the base of the natural ocean pyramid
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์–‘ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ํ•˜์ธต๋ถ€์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ €๊ฒƒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‘ค์…”๋„ฃ์–ด์„œ
10:11
that these bacteria clog it up
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ํ•ด์–‘ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ํ•˜์ธต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ๊ฒŒํ–ˆ๊ณ 
10:13
and overfill onto our beaches.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์— (๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„๊ฐ€) ๋„˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
Often what jams us up is sewage.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋„ฃ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜ค์ˆ˜ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
Now how many of you have ever gone to a state park or a national park
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์›์— ๋ช‡๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
10:21
where you had a big sign at the front saying,
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๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์›์— ๋ช‡๋ช…์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
10:23
"Closed because human sewage
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ํ์‡„.์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ณต์›์„ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œ์ผœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ.
10:25
is so far over this park
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ํ์‡„.์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ณต์›์„ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œ์ผœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ.
10:27
that you can't use it"?
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ํ์‡„.์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด ๊ณต์›์„ ์˜ค์—ผ์‹œ์ผœ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Œ.
10:29
Not very often. We wouldn't tolerate that.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋“œ๋ฌผ์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐธ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:32
We wouldn't tolerate our parks
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณต์›์ด
10:34
being swamped by human sewage,
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ์˜ค์ˆ˜์˜ ๋Šช์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐธ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
but beaches are closed a lot in our country.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•ด๋ณ€์€ ๋งŽ์ด ํ์‡„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
They're closed more and more and more all around the world for the same reason,
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ•ด๋ณ€๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ์‡„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
and I believe we shouldn't tolerate that either.
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
It's not just a question of cleanliness;
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ฒญ๊ฒฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
it's also a question of
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€
10:49
how those organisms
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋“ค์ด
10:51
then turn into human disease.
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์ธ๊ฐ„ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
These vibrios, these bacteria, can actually infect people.
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์ด ๋น„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ค, ์ด ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ผ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:56
They can go into your skin and create skin infections.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
This is a graph from NOAA's ocean and human health initiative,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋…„๊ฐ„, ๋น„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
11:02
showing the rise of the infections
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡๋…„๊ฐ„, ๋น„๋ธŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
11:05
by vibrio in people
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝํ•ด์–‘๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ฒญ์˜ ํ•ด์–‘๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:08
over the last few years.
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝํ•ด์–‘๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ฒญ์˜ ํ•ด์–‘๊ณผ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
Surfers, for example, know this incredibly.
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์„œํผ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
And if you can see on some surfing sites,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์„œํ•‘ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๋ฉด
11:16
in fact, not only do you see
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์‚ฌ์‹ค,ํŒŒ๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ณ  ๋‚ ์”จ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค์ง€๋ฅผ
11:18
what the waves are like or what the weather's like,
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์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:20
but on some surf rider sites,
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์„œํผ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์—๋Š”
11:22
you see a little flashing poo alert.
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์ž‘์€ ๊นœ๋นก์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
That means that the beach might have great waves,
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๊ทธ ํ•ด๋ณ€์€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํŒŒ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
11:28
but it's a dangerous place for surfers to be
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œํ•‘์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
11:30
because they can carry with them,
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์„œํ•‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๋‚  ์งํ›„ ์ผ์ง€๋ผ๋„,
11:32
even after a great day of surfing,
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์˜ค๋žœ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ์—ผ์›๋“ค์ด
11:34
this legacy of an infection that might take a very long time to solve.
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์„œํผ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋– ๋‹ค๋‹Œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:37
Some of these infections are actually carrying
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ฐ์—ผ์›์€
11:39
antibiotic resistance genes now,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ ์œ ์ „์ž๋ฅผ ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
and that makes them even more difficult.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ฃ 
11:43
These same infections
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์ด
11:45
create harmful algal blooms.
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ํ•ด๋กœ์šด ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฒˆ์˜์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
Those blooms are generating other kinds of chemicals.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
This is just a simple list of some of the types of poisons
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋…์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
that come out of these harmful algal blooms:
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์œ ํ•ดํ•œ ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ :
11:55
shellfish poisoning,fish ciguatera,
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์–ดํŒจ๋ฅ˜ ๋…์†Œ, ์–ด๋ฅ˜ ์‹œ๊ตฌ์•„ํ…Œ๋ผ๋…์†Œ
11:58
diarrheic shellfish poisoning -- you don't want to know about that --
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์„ค์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•˜๋Š” ์–ดํŒจ๋ฅ˜ ๋…์†Œ - ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.-
12:01
neurotoxic shellfish poisoning, paralytic shellfish poisoning.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ์„ฑ ์–ดํŒจ๋ฅ˜ ๋…์†Œ, ๋งˆ๋น„์„ฑ ์–ดํŒจ๋ฅ˜ ๋…์†Œ
12:04
These are things that are getting into our food chain
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋จน์ด ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
because of these blooms.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒˆ์„ฑํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
12:08
Rita Calwell very famously
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Rita Calwell์€
12:10
traced a very interesting story
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๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ๋งค๊ฐœ์ฒด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:12
of cholera into human communities,
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์š”๊ฐ๋ฅ˜๋ผ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ๋งค๊ฐœ์ฒด์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ
12:15
brought there, not by
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์ธ๊ฐ„์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ์˜
12:17
a normal human vector,
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์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
12:19
but by a marine vector, this copepod.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
Copepods are small crustaceans.
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์š”๊ฐ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ‘๊ฐ๋ฅ˜ ํ”Œ๋ž‘ํฌํ†ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
They're a tiny fraction of an inch long,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ 1์ธ์น˜์— ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์ •๋„๋ฐ–์— ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
and they can carry on their little legs
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์—
12:28
some of the cholera bacteria
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์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜ฎ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
that then leads to human disease.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
12:33
That has sparked cholera epidemics
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์š”๊ฐ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ ๋งŒ์—ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐํญ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ,
12:35
in ports along the world
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์š”๊ฐ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ ๋งŒ์—ฐ์˜ ๊ธฐํญ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด์„œ,
12:37
and has led to increased concentration
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์„ ๋ฐ• ์šด๋ฐ˜์ด
12:40
on trying to make sure shipping
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š”
12:42
doesn't move these
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ฝœ๋ ˆ๋ผ ์š”์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š”
12:44
vectors of cholera around the world.
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ํ™•์‹ค์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
So what do you do?
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์ž ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:48
We have major problems in disrupted ecosystem flow
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์„ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
that the pyramid may not be working so well,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
12:53
that the flow from the base up into it
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ํ•˜์ธต๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ƒ์ธต๋ถ€๋กœ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ง‰ํžŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:55
is being blocked and clogged.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์˜ ํ•˜์ธต๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ƒ์ธต๋ถ€๋กœ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ง‰ํžŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:57
What do you do when you have this sort of disrupted flow?
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ง‰ํžˆ๋Š” ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฒช์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:00
Well, there's a bunch of things you could do.
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ํ ,์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
You could call Joe the Plumber, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๊ตฐ์š”
13:05
And he could come in
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์™€์„œ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:07
and fix the flow.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์™€์„œ ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๊ณ ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:09
But in fact, if you look around the world,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€, ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:12
not only are there hope spots
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
13:14
for where we may be able to fix problems,
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ํฌ๋ง์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
13:16
there have been places where problems have been fixed,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์  ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
13:18
where people have come to grips with these issues
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ํ•˜์—ฌ๊ธˆ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํŒŒ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ 
13:20
and begun to turn them around.
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๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋˜๋Œ๋ ค๋†“๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๋œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Monterey is one of those.
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Monterey ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
I started out showing how much
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์˜ค์—ผ, ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ์‚ฐ์—…, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ
13:26
we had distressed the Monterey Bay ecosystem
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์˜ค์—ผ, ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ์‚ฐ์—…, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง์›๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ
13:29
with pollution and the canning industry
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ Monterey๋งŒ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํ˜€์™”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
and all of the attendant problems.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ Monterey๋งŒ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ดด๋กญํ˜€์™”๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:33
In 1932, that's the picture.
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1932๋…„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
In 2009, the picture is dramatically different.
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2009๋…„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
The canneries are gone. The pollution has abated.
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ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ ๊ณต์žฅ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ , ์˜ค์—ผ๋„ ์•ฝํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
But there's a greater sense here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
that what the individual communities need
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
13:46
is working ecosystems.
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์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
They need a functioning pyramid from the base all the way to the top.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒํƒœ ๋จน์ด์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ํ•˜์ธต๋ถ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์ธต๋ถ€๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
And that pyramid
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Monterey์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š”, ์ด์ œ,
13:53
in Monterey, right now,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Monterey์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š”, ์ด์ œ,
13:55
because of the efforts of a lot of different people,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ
13:57
is functioning better than it's ever functioned
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์ง€๋‚œ 150๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
for the last 150 years.
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์ง€๋‚œ 150๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋Š ๋•Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์ž˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
It didn't happen accidentally.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ์—ฐํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
It happened because many people put their time and effort
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ
14:07
and their pioneering spirit into this.
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๊ฐœ์ฒ™์ •์‹ ์„ ํˆฌ์žํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
On the left there, Julia Platt,
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์ขŒ์ธก์—๋Š”, ์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ Pacific Grove์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์ธ Julia Platt์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
the mayor of my little hometown in Pacific Grove.
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์ขŒ์ธก์—๋Š”, ์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ Pacific Grove์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์ธ Julia Platt์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:13
At 74 years old, became mayor
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74์‚ด์— ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
14:15
because something had to be done
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ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
to protect the ocean.
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ํ•ด์–‘์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:19
In 1931, she produced California's first
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1931๋…„, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” California์˜ ์ฒซ
14:21
community-based marine protected area,
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์ง€์—ญ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๊ตฌ์—ญ์„
14:24
right next to the biggest polluting cannery,
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์˜ค์—ผ์„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์‹œํ‚จ ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ๊ณต์žฅ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์˜†์— ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
because Julia knew
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด Julia๋Š”
14:29
that when the canneries eventually were gone,
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ํ†ต์กฐ๋ฆผ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
14:31
the ocean needed a place to grow from,
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ํ•ด์–‘์€ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ์žฅ์†Œ,
14:34
that the ocean needed a place to spark a seed,
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ํ•ด์–‘์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋ ๋งŒํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ•„์š”๋กœํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
and she wanted to provide that seed.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ† ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
Other people, like David Packard and Julie Packard,
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ David Packard์™€ Julie Packard๋Š”
14:42
who were instrumental in producing the Monterey Bay aquarium
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Monterey Bay ์•„์ฟ ์•„๋ฆฌ์›€์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฃผ์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ
14:45
to lock into people's notion
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ํ•ด์–‘๊ณผ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์ด
14:47
that the ocean
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์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ์ด์šฉ๋งŒํผ
14:49
and the health of the ocean ecosystem
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์„
14:52
were just as important to the economy of this area
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก
14:55
as eating the ecosystem would be.
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๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:57
That change in thinking has led to a dramatic shift,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
15:00
not only in the fortunes of Monterey Bay,
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Monterey๋งŒ์˜ ํ–‰์šด์—์„œ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
15:03
but other places around the world.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋“ค์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
Well, I want to leave you with the thought that
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด
15:07
what we're really trying to do here
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ํ•ด์–‘ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์—ˆ๋‹จ ๊ฒƒ์„
15:09
is protect this ocean pyramid,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์…จ์œผ๋ฉดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:11
and that ocean pyramid
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ด์–‘ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ๋Š”
15:13
connects to our own pyramid of life.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์˜ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
It's an ocean planet,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ด์–‘ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ด๊ณ ,
15:17
and we think of ourselves as a terrestrial species,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œก์ง€ ์ข…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
but the pyramid of life in the ocean
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ํ•ด์–‘์—์„œ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช… ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ฏธ๋“œ์™€
15:24
and our own lives on land
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์œก์ง€์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์€
15:26
are intricately connected.
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:28
And it's only through having the ocean being healthy
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ํ•ด์–‘์ด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ
15:30
that we can remain healthy ourselves.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ์ง€ํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
(Applause)
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๋ฐ•์ˆ˜
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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