A vehicle built in Africa, for Africa | Joel Jackson

67,331 views ใƒป 2018-02-01

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Kidong Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : Minjung Lee
00:12
Imagine if your daily commute involved tens of kilometers
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๋งค์ผ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ถœํ‡ด๊ทผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:16
on these kinds of roads,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„๋กœ์—์„œ
00:18
driving this kind of vehicle,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
00:20
without any nearby service stations or breakdown assistance.
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์ •๋น„์†Œ๋‚˜ ๊ธด๊ธ‰์ถœ๋™ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
For millions of drivers in many parts of Africa, this is the norm.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์šด์ „์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Since over 90 percent of passenger cars are imported,
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90% ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์Šน์šฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ž…๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:30
often used,
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ค‘๊ณ ์ฐจ์ด๊ณ ,
00:32
they're just not designed for local usage.
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ํ˜„์ง€์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ฃ .
00:34
High import duties often compound the problem,
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๋†’์€ ๊ด€์„ธ๋Š” ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
00:37
sometimes doubling the price of a car.
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์ฐจ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
So most vehicles are either too expensive or too unreliable
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฐจ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์ด ํƒ€๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
00:44
for the average consumer.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์‹ธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
00:46
Well-designed vehicles are only part of the transport challenge, though.
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์ข‹์€ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
For every 100 adults in Africa,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์„ฑ์ธ 100๋ช… ์ค‘
00:52
less than five people actually own a vehicle.
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5๋ช… ๋ฏธ๋งŒ ์ •๋„๋งŒ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Public transport is available,
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๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:56
and in countries like Kenya, it's often run by local entrepreneurs
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์ผ€๋ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
00:59
using minivans like this.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ๋ฐด์„ ์šดํ–‰ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:00
But in most rural and peri-urban areas,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ณจ์ด๋‚˜ ์™ธ๊ณฝ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š”
01:03
it's fragmented and unreliable.
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:06
In more remote areas without transport,
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์ด๋งˆ์ €๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์™ธ์ง„ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
01:08
people have to walk, typically tens of kilometers,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด ๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
to get to school or collect clean drinking water
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ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋งˆ์‹ค ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธธ์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ
01:13
or buy supplies from nearby markets.
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์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:16
Bad roads, disparate communities, low average income levels
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์—ด์•…ํ•œ ๋„๋กœ ์ƒํƒœ, ์ง€์—ญ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ, ๋‚ฎ์€ ํ‰๊ท ์†Œ๋“
01:19
and inadequate vehicles
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๋ถ€์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰๋“ค
01:21
all impair the transport system
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“ ๊ฒŒ ์šด์†ก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์•…ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
01:22
and ultimately constrain economic output.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์„ฑ์žฅ์„ ๋ง‰์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Despite this constraint, the Pan-African economy is booming.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œ์•ฝ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅ ์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ
01:29
Combined GDP is already over two trillion dollars.
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๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ด์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ํ•ฉ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ 2์กฐ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋„˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
This is a massive commercial and social opportunity,
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ์—…์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ธฐํšŒ์˜ ๋•…์ด์ง€
01:36
not a helpless continent.
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์ ˆ๋ง์ ์ธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
So why isn't there already something better?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์™œ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ œ์ž๋ฆฌ ๊ฑธ์Œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
01:42
Around the world, automotive is quarter the manufacturing sector.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์˜ 4๋ถ„์˜ 1์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
But in Africa, it's generally been overlooked by carmakers,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์€ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์‹œ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ 
01:48
who are focused on larger, established markets
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๋” ํฌ๊ณ  ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ
01:50
and emerging economies like India and China.
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์ธ๋„์™€ ์ค‘๊ตญ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹ ํฅ ์‹œ์žฅ์—๋งŒ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
01:53
This lack of industrialization,
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋”๋ŽŒ์กŒ๊ณ 
01:55
which itself creates a vicious-cycle barrier to the emergence of industry,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ์•…์ˆœํ™˜์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์„œ
01:58
has caused the dependence on imports.
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์ˆ˜์ž…์— ์˜์กดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:01
There is a supply-demand disconnect,
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์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ๋‹จ์ ˆ ํ˜„์ƒ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:03
with the vast majority of automotive spending on the continent today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด
02:06
essentially funding an international network of car exporters
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ˆ˜์ถœ๊ตญ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋งŒ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:09
instead of fueling the growth of local industry.
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ํ˜„์ง€ ์‚ฐ์—… ๋ฐœ์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
It's entirely possible to solve this disconnect, though,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
starting with products that people actually want.
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์šฐ์„ ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
And this is what motivated me to start Mobius,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋น„์šฐ์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
to build a vehicle in Africa, for Africa.
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ, ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:25
To us, this meant reimagining the car around the needs of the consumer,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์†Œ๋น„์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์žฌ๊ตฌ์ƒ ํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
simplifying nonessential features like interior fixtures
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๊ผญ ํ•„์š”์น˜ ์•Š์€ ์ธํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์–ด ์žฅ์น˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
02:31
and investing in performance-critical systems like suspension
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์„œ์ŠคํŽœ์…˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์— ์ค‘์ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ
02:34
to create durable and affordable vehicles
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ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:36
built for purpose.
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๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
02:38
And built for purpose is exactly where we started
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'๋ชฉ์ ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ' ๋ผ๋Š” ์ฒ ํ•™์˜ ์ฒซ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ
02:41
with our first-generation model, Mobius II,
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1์„ธ๋Œ€ ๋ชจ๋ธ์ธ ๋ชจ๋น„์šฐ์Šค2 ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
which was designed as a really rugged, low-cost SUV,
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์ •๋ง ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•œ SUV์ฃ .
02:47
able to handle heavy loads and rough terrain reliably.
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์ตœ๋Œ€์ ์žฌ์ค‘๋Ÿ‰๋„ ๋„‰๋„‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ง€ํ˜•์—์„œ๋„ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
This launched in 2015,
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์ด ์ฐจ๋Š” 2015๋…„์— ์ถœ์‹œ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:52
and we've now developed the next-generation version
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํ›„์† ๋ชจ๋ธ๋„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
based on customer feedback.
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๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋” ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:57
For high stress and heavy loading,
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๋” ํฐ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ํ•˜์ค‘์„ ๊ฒฌ๋”œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ
02:59
we engineered a sturdy steel space frame.
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๊ฐ•์ฒ  ์ŠคํŽ˜์ด์Šค ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์„ ์ œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
To handle acute vibration from rough roads,
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ํ—˜ํ•œ ๊ธธ์—์„œ๋„ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์Šน์ฐจ๊ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:04
we ruggedized the suspension.
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์„œ์ŠคํŽœ์…˜์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
For potholes and uneven terrain, high ground clearance was a no-brainer.
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์›…๋ฉ์ด์™€ ์šธํ‰๋ถˆํ‰ํ•œ ์ง€ํ˜• ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐจ์ฒด๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋†’์—ฌ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:10
And to make this something customers could actually be proud to drive in,
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๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์šด์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
03:13
we designed an aspirational body aesthetic.
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ํ’ˆ๊ฒฉ์žˆ๋Š” ์™ธ๊ด€์„ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
Underpinning all of this, we simplified or eliminated components
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ™”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋บ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
like parking sensors and automatic windows
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์ฃผ์ฐจ ์„ผ์„œ๋‚˜ ์ž๋™ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
03:22
wherever we could,
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ํ•„์š”์—†๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋นผ์„œ
03:23
to keep costs low
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๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถค์œผ๋กœ์จ
03:24
and sell this at half the price of a five-year-old SUV in Kenya today.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ผ€๋ƒ์—์„œ 5๋…„ ๋œ SUV์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฐ’์— ํŒ” ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:30
The new --
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด
03:31
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
03:35
The new Mobius II launches in 2018.
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๋ชจ๋น„์šฐ์Šค2 ์ƒˆ ๋ชจ๋ธ์€ 2018๋…„์— ์ถœ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
And while durable, affordable vehicles like this are vital,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
03:41
a broader solution to immobility needs to go further.
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์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์šด์†ก๋ ฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•„์ง ๊ฐˆ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Over the last decade,
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์ง€๋‚œ 10์—ฌ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
03:46
a transport-centric, shared economy has connected people across Africa
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์šด์†ก๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜๊ณต์œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์ „์—ญ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
with minivans, auto rickshaws and sedans.
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๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ๋ฐด, ์‚ผ๋ฅœ์ฐจ, ์Šน์šฉ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:52
It's just not operated very effectively or efficiently.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Enabling better access to transport is all about strengthening
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์šด์†ก์ˆ˜๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
03:58
this public transit network,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ๊ตํ†ต๋ง์„ ๋ณด์™„ํ•ด
04:00
empowering local entrepreneurs who already offer similar services
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์ด๋ฏธ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ง€ ์‚ฌ์—…๊ฐ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ถŒํ•œ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
04:03
in their communities
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๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ
04:04
to operate these services more profitably and more widely.
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๋” ์ˆ˜์ต์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
With this aim, we're taking human-centered design a step further
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋น„์ž ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋” ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œํ‚จ
04:11
and developing a transport platform model,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์šด์†ก ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
which enables owners to plug in different modules,
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์ฐจ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
ํ™”๋ฌผ์นธ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๊ธ‰์นธ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•ด์„œ
04:16
like a goods cage or ambulance unit,
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04:18
and run other services like goods delivery or medical transport,
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์ œํ’ˆ ํ˜น์€ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๊ด€๋ จ ์šด์†ก ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
as well as public transport.
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๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์š”.
04:23
Transportation services like this are the fundamental driver
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šด์†ก ์„œ๋น„์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์›๋™๋ ฅ์ด ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ
04:26
of logistics, trade, social services,
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๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜, ๋ฌด์—ญ, ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณต์ง€, ๊ต์œก ๊ธฐํšŒ
04:29
access to education, health care and employment.
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์™€ ๊ณ ์šฉ์„ ์ด‰์ง„์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
The transportation grid to physical economies
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์šด์†ก๋ง๊ณผ ์‹ค๋ฌผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š”
04:34
is akin to the internet to virtual economies.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ƒ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ด€๊ณ„์™€ ํก์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
And the impact of increased mobility is only part of the potential here.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šด์†ก๋ ฅ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
04:41
Since the late 1700s, the Industrial Revolution has catapulted
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1700๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜ ์ดํ›„ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ˜๋ช…์€
04:45
the development of economies around the world
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ถ€ํฅ์ด
04:47
into thriving societies.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋ฒˆ์˜์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
Today, manufacturing is still the engine of economic growth and stability,
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์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์•ˆ์ •์€ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
even as new technologies have inevitably transformed the way we live.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:56
Making stuff is important,
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:58
especially for nation-states wanting to boost employment,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณ ์šฉ์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐœ์ „์‹œ์ผœ
05:01
increase skills and reduce import dependence.
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์ˆ˜์ž…์˜์กด๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋ ค๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:03
But while few countries can skip this industrialized stage,
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์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ฐ„๊ณผ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž„์—๋„
05:06
many have negligible manufacturing output.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์˜ ์ œ์กฐ์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์€ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
There are various reasons for this,
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๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:11
but one reason is universal: hardware is hard.
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๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋“œํ•˜๋‹ค (ํž˜๋“ค๋‹ค) ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:16
So what are the challenges to industry, and how are we approaching them?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ณผ์ œ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ˆ™๋ จ๋œ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
The first issue many people think of is a lack of skilled labor.
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05:23
In areas where access to good primary and secondary education are limited
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์ข‹์€ ์ดˆ์ค‘๋“ฑ ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ 
์ทจ์—… ๊ธฐํšŒ๋„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š”
05:27
and employment opportunities are scarce,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ ฅ์ด ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
a small skill base is inevitable.
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05:31
But that doesn't mean it's immutable.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
There's an abundance of smart, hardworking and ambitious people in Africa,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—๋Š” ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ฑ์‹คํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์—ด์ •์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
obviously.
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๋ถ„๋ช… ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
05:38
What's really lacking are good jobs
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์ •๋ง ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ง์žฅ์ธ๋ฐ
05:40
that offer a path not just to employment but also professional growth.
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์ทจ์—…์„ ๋„˜์–ด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅ์‹œ์ผœ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
The first person we employed at Mobius over six years ago
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ 6๋…„๋„ ๋” ์ „์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
05:47
was a mechanic named Kazungu.
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์นด์ค€๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์ •๋น„๊ณต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Kazungu had gone to school up to the age of 18
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์นด์ค€๊ตฌ๋Š” 18์‚ด๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”๊ณ 
05:51
and worked as an odd-job mechanic.
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์ž„์‹œ ์ •๋น„๊ณต์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
Joining the company at the time was a near-vertical learning curve.
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๋‹น์‹œ ์ €ํฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ •์‹ ์ž…์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์˜ ๋ณ„ ๋”ฐ๊ธฐ์˜€์ฃ .
05:56
But he rose to the challenge,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„์ „ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:57
and with more technical guidance from an expanding engineering team,
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ํŒ€์˜ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ง€๋„๋กœ
๋ช‡ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋” ์„ฑ์žฅํ•ด
06:01
he's grown over the years
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06:02
to lead a group of mechanics in R&D prototyping.
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์‹œ์ œํ’ˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์—์„œ ์ •๋น„ํŒ€์„ ๋งก๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:04
A thirst for learning and the work ethic to step up to a challenge
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๋ฐฐ์›€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ด์ •๊ณผ ๋„์ „์ ์ธ ์ง์—…์˜์‹์ด
ํ˜„์žฌ ์ €ํฌ์˜ ์ธ์žฌ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
are values we now recruit on.
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06:09
Pairing innate values like this with on-the-job training and systems
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์ด๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ด์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์‹ค๋ฌด ๊ต์œก๊ณผ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์‹œํ‚ด์œผ๋กœ์จ
06:13
has strengthened our skill base.
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ ฅ์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
This works really well on the production line,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
06:17
where work can be systematized around clear procedural instructions
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์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„ ์ง€์‹œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ 
06:20
and then reinforced through training.
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ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:23
In our experience, it is possible to build a skilled workforce,
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ˆ™๋ จ๋œ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ธ๊ณ 
06:26
and we plan to hire hundreds more people using this approach.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋ช…์„ ๋” ์ฑ„์šฉํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
A second challenge is a lack of suppliers.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
In countries like Kenya, there are only a handful of automotive suppliers
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์ผ€๋ƒ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ
06:36
manufacturing parts like electrical harnesses, seats and glass.
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ํŠนํžˆ ํ•˜๋„ค์Šค ๋ฐฐ์„ , ์ขŒ์„, ์ฐจ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
It's a burgeoning group,
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๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ์ธ๋ฐ
06:41
and without much demand from industry,
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์‚ฐ์—… ์ˆ˜์š” ์—†์ด๋Š”
06:43
most of these suppliers have no impetus to grow.
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์ด ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๋“ค์ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
We've worked hard with a few of them to develop the capacity
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ํ˜‘์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๋“ค์˜ ์—ญ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:49
to consistently manufacture components at the quality levels we need,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ํ’ˆ์งˆ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:52
like this supplier in Nairobi,
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๋‚˜์ด๋กœ๋น„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์—…์ฒด๋Š”
06:54
who are helping to reduce the production cost of metal brackets
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๊ธˆ์† ๋ธŒ๋ž˜ํ‚ท ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
06:57
and improve their ability to build conformant parts
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์‹œํ•œ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๋„๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜
06:59
to our engineering drawings.
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๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
Supply and development is standard practice in automotive globally,
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๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ์‹œ์žฅ ๋ฐœ๊ตด์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์—…๊ณ„์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ด€ํ–‰์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:04
but it needs to be applied from the ground up
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
with a vast majority of local suppliers
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๋งŽ์€ ํ˜„์ง€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๋“ค์„ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด
07:08
to properly bolster the ecosystem.
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์ง€์—ญ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™” ์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
And as production volumes rise, these suppliers can employ more staff,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด ์ด ์—…์ฒด๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
07:14
invest in better equipment
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๋” ์ข‹์€ ์žฅ๋น„์— ํˆฌ์ž๋ฅผ ํ•˜์—ฌ
07:16
and continue to develop new manufacturing techniques
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์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ œ์กฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
to further increase output.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋” ๋Š˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
07:21
Building up skills and suppliers are not the only hurdles
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:24
to local industrialization,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ์‚ฐ์—…ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
07:26
but they're good examples of how we think about the challenge.
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๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด๋ณผ ๋งŒํ•œ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
You see, we're not just reimagining the car,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์ƒ๋งŒ ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
07:31
we're reimagining our entire value chain.
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์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜ ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์ƒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
None of this has been easy,
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋„ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:36
and we're only just getting started.
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์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
But once African industry starts to scale,
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด
07:40
the potential is huge.
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๊ทธ ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚  ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Better products,
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๋” ์ข‹์€ ์ œํ’ˆ์„
07:44
costing less,
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๋” ์ €๋ ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ
07:45
built locally,
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ํ˜„์ง€์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ
07:47
together creating millions of jobs.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง์—…์„ ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Frugal innovation offers a path to economic acceleration
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์ž‘์€ ํ˜์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฐ์—…๋“ค์ด ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
07:52
across many industries,
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๊ณ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
and the future of this continent depends on it.
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์ด ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์ฃ .
07:57
The Africa 2.0 I believe in can apply locally relevant design
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์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ›„๋ฐœ ์ฃผ์ž๋“ค์ด ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—… ์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด
08:01
and a commitment to solving its industrial challenges
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ํ˜„์ง€ ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
08:04
to create a more connected, more prosperous future,
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๋”์šฑ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
not just for the privileged few,
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์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ธต๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
08:09
but for everyone.
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๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ์š”.
08:10
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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