The surprising connection between brain injuries and crime | Kim Gorgens

108,455 views

2019-05-17 ・ TED


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The surprising connection between brain injuries and crime | Kim Gorgens

108,455 views ・ 2019-05-17

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Mihye Jeong κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
A traumatic brain injury, or TBI,
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외상성 λ‡Œμ†μƒ, ν˜Ήμ€ TBIλž€
00:15
is a disruption in brain function caused by an external blow to the head.
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머리에 가해진 외뢀적 좩격에 μ˜ν•œ λ‡Œ κΈ°λŠ₯ 손상을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:21
And when you hear that definition,
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μ•„λ§ˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 이 μ •μ˜λ₯Ό λ“£κ³ 
00:23
you might think about sports and professional athletes,
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μš΄λ™ κ²½κΈ°λ‚˜ ν”„λ‘œ μ„ μˆ˜λ“€μ„ λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬μ…¨μ„ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
since it's the kind of injury we're used to seeing on the playing field.
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κ²½κΈ°μž₯μ—μ„œ 자주 보던 그런 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λΆ€μƒμ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
00:31
And this imagery has really come to define TBI in the public consciousness.
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이런 이미지듀이 λŒ€μ€‘λ“€μ˜ 인식 속에 TBI둜 μ •μ˜λ˜μ–΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
I myself do research on TBI in retired and college athletes.
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μ €λŠ” 은퇴 μ„ μˆ˜λ“€κ³Ό λŒ€ν•™νŒ€ μ„ μˆ˜λ“€μ„ λŒ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ TBIλ₯Ό μ—°κ΅¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
I stood on a TED stage in 2010,
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2010λ…„μ—λŠ” 이곳 TEDμ—μ„œ
00:44
talking about concussions in kids' sports.
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어린이 슀포츠의 λ‡Œμ§„νƒ•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ°•μ—°ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
00:48
So I have to say, as someone who researches and treats these injuries,
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μ €λŠ” 이런 뢀상을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³  λ‹€λ£¨λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμœΌλ‘œμ„œ
00:52
that I've been really gratified to see the growing awareness of TBI
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TBI, 특히 μ„ μˆ˜λ“€μ΄ κ²ͺλŠ” μž₯단기적 μœ„ν—˜λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ
00:56
and specifically, the short- and long-term risks to athletes.
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μ˜μ‹μ΄ 높아지고 μžˆμŒμ— 맀우 κΈ°λ»ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
Today, though, I want to introduce you to a larger but no less controversial
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ˜€λŠ˜μ€, 더 λ‹€μˆ˜μž„μ—λ„ μ μž–κ²Œ λ…Όλž€μ΄ λ˜λŠ”
01:07
group of people impacted by traumatic brain injury,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 신문에선 μ’€μ²˜λŸΌ 찾아보기 νž˜λ“ 
01:10
who don't often show up in the headlines.
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TBI ν™˜μžλ“€μ„ μ†Œκ°œν• κΉŒ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
I've come to recognize these inmates and probationers
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μ €λŠ” μž¬μ†Œμžμ™€ λ³΄ν˜Έκ΄€μ°°μžλ“€μ΄
01:17
as surprisingly among the most vulnerable members of society.
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λ†€λžλ„λ‘ μ·¨μ•½ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒ κ΅¬μ„±μ›μž„μ„ μ•Œκ²Œλ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
For the last six years, my colleagues and I have been doing research
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μ§€λ‚œ 6λ…„κ°„, 저와 제 λ™λ£Œλ“€μ€ ν˜•μ‚¬ 사법 체계와
01:27
that has completely changed the way we think about the criminal justice system
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κ·Έ λŒ€μƒμžλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식을 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ’€λ°”κΏ€ λ§Œν•œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
and the people in it.
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01:32
And it may change the way you think about those things, too.
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μ•„λ§ˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 생각도 λ°”κΎΈμ–΄ 놓을지 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ£ .
01:34
So I'll start with a shocking statistic:
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λ¨Όμ €, 좩격적인 ν†΅κ³„μžλ£Œλ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ 보죠.
01:38
50 to 80 percent of people in criminal justice
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ν˜•μ‚¬ λ²”μ£„μžμ˜ 50~80%κ°€
01:43
have a traumatic brain injury.
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외상성 λ‡Œμ†μƒ ν™˜μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
Up to 80 percent.
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μ΅œλŒ€ 80%κ°€μš”.
01:49
In the general public, in this room, for example,
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일반적인 경우, μ˜ˆμ»¨λŒ€ μ§€κΈˆ μ—¬κΈ° 계신 λΆ„λ“€λ‘œ 치면
01:52
that number is less than five percent.
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5%만 돼도 λ†’λ‹€κ³  ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
And I'm not just talking about getting your bell rung.
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κ·Έλƒ₯ 머리λ₯Ό ν•œ λŒ€ λ§žμ€ μˆ˜μ€€μ„ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 게 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
These are the kinds of injuries that require hospitalization.
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μž…μ› μΉ˜λ£Œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ •λ„μ˜ 뢀상을 μž…μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
Most of them are the product of a physical assault,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ 신체적 ν•™λŒ€μ˜ 산물인데
02:07
and some of them are actually sustained in jail.
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사싀 λ•Œλ‘œλŠ” κ΅λ„μ†Œμ—μ„œ 이런 뢀상을 μž…κ²Œ 되죠.
02:11
All of these numbers are even higher among the women in criminal justice.
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μ—¬μ„± ν˜•μ‚¬λ²”λ“€μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μˆ˜μΉ˜κ°€ 더 λ†’μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
Almost every single woman in the criminal justice system
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ν˜•λ²• 체계 μ•ˆμ˜ 거의 λͺ¨λ“  여성듀이
02:21
has been exposed to interpersonal violence and abuse.
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λŒ€μΈ 폭λ ₯κ³Ό ν•™λŒ€μ— λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄ μ™”κ³ 
02:26
More than half of these women have been exposed to repeated brain injuries.
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이 쀑 반 이상이 반볡적으둜 λ‡Œ 손상에 λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄ μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
In this way, these women's brains look like the brains of retired NFL players,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λ“€μ˜ λ‡ŒλŠ” 마치 μ€ν‡΄ν•œ 미식좕ꡬ μ„ μˆ˜λ“€κ³Ό μœ μ‚¬ν•˜κ³ 
02:39
and they'll likely face the same risks for dementing diseases as they age.
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λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ λ“€λ©΄ 치맀의 κ°€λŠ₯성도 거의 같은 μˆ˜μ€€κΉŒμ§€ 였λ₯΄μ£ .
02:45
The same risks.
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같은 μˆ˜μ€€μœΌλ‘œμš”.
02:49
TBI, together with mental illness and substance abuse and trauma,
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TBIλ‚˜ μ •μ‹  μ§ˆν™˜, μ•½λ¬Ό λ‚¨μš©, 정신적 외상은
02:54
makes it hard for people to think.
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인간을 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μ‚¬κ³ ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
They have cognitive impairments like poor judgment and poor impulse control,
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νŒλ‹¨λ ₯ μ €ν•˜, μΆ©λ™μ‘°μ ˆ κ²°μ—¬ λ“±μ˜ 인지μž₯μ• λ₯Ό κ²ͺ게 되고
03:01
problems that make criminal justice a revolving door.
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νšŒμ „λ¬Έ μ•ˆμ— κ°‡νžŒ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ 법원을 λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κ²Œ 되죠.
03:05
People get arrested and booked into jail.
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그듀은 μ²΄ν¬λ˜μ–΄ 감μ˜₯에 λ“€μ–΄κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
They oftentimes get into trouble while they're in there.
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수감 쀑 μ’…μ’… μ†Œλ™μ— 휘말리고
03:11
They get into fights. They fall out of their bunk.
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싸움을 ν•˜κ³ , μΉ¨λŒ€μ—μ„œ 떨어지고
03:13
And then they get released and do stupid things,
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μΆœμ†Œ ν›„μ—” 또 바보같은 짓을 ν•˜κ³ 
03:15
like forgetting mandatory check-ins, and they get rearrested.
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κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν•œ μˆ˜μ†μ„ κΉŒλ¨Ήκ±°λ‚˜ ν•΄μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ 체포되죠.
03:20
Statistically speaking,
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ν†΅κ³„μ μœΌλ‘œλ„
03:22
they're actually more likely to be rearrested than not.
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재체포 ν™•λ₯ μ΄ λ°˜λŒ€ κ²½μš°λ³΄λ‹€ 더 λ†’λ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
A colleague calls this "serving a life sentence 30 days at a time."
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제 λ™λ£ŒλŠ” 이걸 "30일짜리 μ’…μ‹ ν˜•"이라고 λΆ€λ₯΄μ£ 
03:34
And oftentimes, these folks don't know why this is so hard for them.
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λŒ€κ°œ 이듀은 μ™œ μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ κ·Έ 고생을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
They feel out of control and frustrated.
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자제λ ₯을 μžƒκ³  μ’Œμ ˆν•˜μ£ .
03:41
So knowing that TBI is at the root of so many of these challenges,
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이 λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ˜ 근원이 TBI에 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œκ²Œ 된 ν›„λ‘œ
03:48
the mission for a group of us in Colorado has been to disrupt that cycle,
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저희 μ½œλ‘œλΌλ„ νŒ€μ€ 이 μ•…μˆœν™˜μ„ λλ‚΄κΈ°λ‘œ λ§ˆμŒλ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:53
to jam the revolving the door.
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νšŒμ „λ¬Έμ„ λ©ˆμΆ”λ €λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
03:56
So working together with my state and local partners,
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μ£Ό 및 지역 νŒŒνŠΈλ„ˆμ™€μ˜ ν˜‘λ ₯을 톡해
03:59
we crafted a plan to meet everyone's needs:
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘λ₯Ό λ§Œμ‘±μ‹œν‚¬ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ κ³„νšμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν˜•λ²• 체계, μ œμ†Œμž, λ³΄ν˜Έκ΄€μ°°μžλ„
04:03
the system, the inmates and probationers,
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04:05
my graduate students.
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λŒ€ν•™μ›μƒλ„ νŽΈν•œ λ°©λ²•μ„μš”.
04:07
In this program, we assess how each person's brain works
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 개개인의 λ‡Œ ν™œλ™μ„ ν‰κ°€ν•˜κ³ 
04:11
so that we can recommend basic modifications
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기초적인 κ°œμ„ λ°©μ•ˆμ„ μ œμ‹œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:14
to make this system more effective
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ν˜•λ²• 체계λ₯Ό 더 효과적이고
04:17
and safer.
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μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμ£ .
04:18
And here when I say "safer," I mean safer not only for the inmates,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ "μ•ˆμ „"μ΄λž€ μž¬μ†ŒμžλΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:24
but safer also for correctional staff.
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κ΅λ„κ΄€μ˜ μ•ˆμ „μ΄κΈ°λ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
In some ways, this is such a simple approach.
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μ–΄μ°Œλ³΄λ©΄ μ•„μ£Ό λ‹¨μˆœν•œ μ ‘κ·Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
We're not treating the brain injury,
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μ†μƒλœ λ‡Œκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:34
we're treating the underlying problem that gets people into all of this trouble
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 말썽에 휘말리게 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 근원적 λ¬Έμ œμ— μš°μ„ μ μœΌλ‘œ
04:39
in the first place.
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μ΄ˆμ μ„ λ§žμΆ”λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
04:41
We do quick neuropsychological screening tests
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 신경심리학적 선별 검사λ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜κ³ 
04:44
to identify strengths and weaknesses in the way an inmate thinks.
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μž¬μ†Œμžμ˜ μ‚¬κ³ λ°©μ‹μ—μ„œ 약점과 강점을 νŒλ³„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
Using that information, we write two reports.
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κ·Έ 정보λ₯Ό λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 두 개의 λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•˜λŠ”λ°
04:52
One, a report for the system
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” ν˜•λ²• 체계λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
04:55
with specific recommendations on how to manage that inmate.
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μž¬μ†Œμžλ₯Ό λ‹€λ£° λ•Œμ˜ ꡬ체적인 지침을 μ μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
The other is a letter to the inmate
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” μž¬μ†Œμžλ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
05:02
with specific suggestions for how to manage themselves.
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슀슀둜λ₯Ό ν†΅μ œν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•œ ꡬ체적인 λ°©μ•ˆλ“€μ„ μ œμ•ˆν•˜μ£ .
05:07
For example, if our test result suggests that a probationer has a hard time
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, μ–΄λ–€ λ³΄ν˜Έκ΄€μ°°μžκ°€ λ“€μ—ˆλ˜ 정보λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ λ– μ˜¬λ¦¬λŠ” 데
05:12
remembering the things they hear,
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어렀움이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²°κ³Όκ°€ λ‚˜μ˜€λ©΄
05:14
that would be an auditory memory deficit.
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그건 청각 기얡에 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
In that case, our letter to the court might suggest
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이런 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” 법원에 κ·Έ λ³΄ν˜Έκ΄€μ°°μžμ—κ²Œ
05:20
that that probationer get handouts of important information.
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 정보λ₯Ό 유인물둜 전달할 것을 μ œμ•ˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
And our letter to that probationer would say, among other things,
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그리고 λ‹Ήμ‚¬μžμ—κ²ŒλŠ” 항상 곡책을 μ±™κ²¨μ„œ
05:27
that they should carry a notebook to record that information for themselves.
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슀슀둜 정보λ₯Ό 기둝할 것을 κ°•μ‘°ν•˜μ£ .
05:33
Now, most importantly,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ ν•œ 가지 μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ²Œ 짚고 λ„˜μ–΄κ°€μ•Ό ν•  것이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:35
is that I pause here to be really clear about one point.
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05:40
This program does not minimize responsibility
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ μ±…μž„μ„ μΆ•μ†Œν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
05:43
or make excuses for anyone's behavior.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ˜ 행동에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ³€λͺ…ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•¨μ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:47
This is about changing longstanding negative perceptions
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이 과정은 μ˜€λž«λ™μ•ˆ 지속돼 온 뢀정적 인식을 λ°”κΎΈκ³ 
05:51
and building self-advocacy.
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자기 μ£Όλ„κΆŒμ„ κ΅¬μΆ•ν•˜λ €λŠ” μ‹œλ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:54
It's actually about taking responsibility.
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였히렀 μ±…μž„μ„ λ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 것이죠.
05:57
The inmates move from,
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μž¬μ†Œμžλ“€μ˜ 생각을
05:58
"I'm a total screwup, I'm a loser,"
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"λ‚˜λŠ” 멍청이에 νŒ¨λ°°μžμ•Ό"μ—μ„œ
06:01
to, "Here's what I don't do well,
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"이건 λ‚΄κ°€ 잘 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” κ±°κ³ 
06:04
and here's what I have to do about it."
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그럴 땐 μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•΄"둜 λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:08
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
06:16
And the system comes to see an inmate's problematic behavior
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λ˜ν•œ ν˜•λ²• 체계가 μž¬μ†Œμžμ˜ λ¬Έμ œν–‰λ™μ„
06:19
as the things they can't do
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그듀이 ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 것과
06:22
versus the things they won't do.
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ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ ꡬ뢄할 수 있게 ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:25
And that change --
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λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έ λ³€ν™”
06:26
seeing behavior as a deficit rather than outright defiance --
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κ·Έ 행동을 노골적인 λ°˜ν•­μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ λŠ₯λ ₯의 λΆ€μ‘±μœΌλ‘œ 보게 ν•˜λŠ” 것이
06:31
is everything in these settings.
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이 κ³„νšμ˜ μ „λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
We hear from inmates around the country,
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μ „κ΅­μ˜ μž¬μ†Œμžλ“€μ΄ μ €ν¬μ—κ²Œ 사연을 λ³΄λ‚΄μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
and they write, and more than anything, they want to know how to help themselves.
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무엇보닀 κ·Έλ“€ μžμ‹ μ΄ 슀슀둜λ₯Ό λ„μšΈ 방법을 μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ ν•˜μ£ .
06:43
This is an excerpt from a letter from Troy in Virginia,
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λ²„μ§€λ‹ˆμ•„μ˜ νŠΈλ‘œμ΄κ°€ 보낸 νŽΈμ§€μ—μ„œ λ°œμ·Œν•œ λ‚΄μš©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
50μž₯에 λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” νŽΈμ§€μ˜€μ£ .
06:47
an excerpt from a 50-page letter.
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06:49
And he writes,
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
"Can you tell me what you think of all the head traumas I've dealt with?
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"제 머리에 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ 외상듀에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹œλ‚˜μš”?
06:55
What can I do? Can you help me?"
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μ œκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ ? λ„μ™€μ£Όμ‹€λž˜μš”?"
07:00
Closer to home, we have thousands of stories like this,
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λ‹¨λ„μ§μž…μ μœΌλ‘œ λ§ν•΄μ„œ 저희가 λ°›λŠ” 이 수천 개의
07:03
and smart stories, stories that have a great outcome.
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λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•˜κΈ° κ·Έμ§€μ—†λŠ” 사연듀은 ꡉμž₯ν•œ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ‚³μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
Here's Vinny.
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μ—¬κΈ΄ λΉ„λ‹ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:09
Vinny was hit by a car when he was 15,
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λΉ„λ‹ˆλŠ” 15μ‚΄ λ•Œ 차에 μΉ˜μ˜€κ³ 
07:12
and from that moment forward, spent more time in jail than in school.
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κ·Έ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ 학ꡐ보닀 κ΅λ„μ†Œμ—μ„œ 더 λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:17
With some basic skill-building,
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λͺ‡ 가지 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ 기술 κ΅μœ‘μ„ 톡해,
07:20
after our assessment revealed
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저희 μΈ‘ 평가에 μ˜ν•΄
07:21
that he had some pretty significant memory impairments,
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μ‹¬κ°ν•œ κΈ°μ–΅μž₯μ• λ₯Ό 진단받은 ν›„μ—μš”.
07:25
Vinny learned to use the alarm and reminder function on his iPhone
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λΉ„λ‹ˆλŠ” μ•„μ΄ν°μ˜ μ•ŒλžŒκ³Ό λ¦¬λ§ˆμΈλ” κΈ°λŠ₯의 μ‚¬μš©λ²•μ„ λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:29
to track important appointments,
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μ€‘μš”ν•œ 일정을 빼먹지 μ•Šλ„λ‘μš”.
07:31
and he keeps a checklist to break larger tasks
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λ˜ν•œ 체크리슀트λ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•΄ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 과제λ₯Ό
07:35
into smaller, manageable ones.
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더 μž‘κ³  κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ κ²ƒλ“€λ‘œ μͺΌκ°°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:37
And with basic tools like that under his belt,
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그닀지 μƒˆλ‘œμšΈ 것도 μ—†λŠ” 이런 기본적 도ꡬ듀과 ν•¨κ»˜
07:40
Vinny's been out of jail for two years,
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λΉ„λ‹ˆλŠ” μΆœμ†Œ ν›„ 2년을 λ³΄λƒˆκ³ 
07:42
clean for nine months,
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9달간 약을 λŠμ—ˆμœΌλ©°
07:44
and recently back to work.
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졜근 λ‹€μ‹œ 일을 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
07:53
What's so striking for Vinny
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λΉ„λ‹ˆμ˜ μ‚¬λ‘€μ—μ„œ μ£Όλͺ©ν• λ§Œν•œ 점은
07:55
is that this is his first time off of court supervision
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κ·Έκ°€ λ²•μ›μ˜ κ°μ‹œμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚œ 것이 이번이 μ²˜μŒμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:00
since his injury more than 15 years ago.
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15년도 전에 μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 사고 μ΄ν›„λ‘œμš”.
08:03
He made it out of the revolving door.
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κ·ΈλŠ” νšŒμ „λ¬Έμ—μ„œ λΉ μ Έλ‚˜μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:07
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:13
He says now, "I can do anything.
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이제 κ·ΈλŠ” λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ „ 뭐든지 ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
08:18
I just have to work a lot harder at it." (Laughs)
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λ‹€λ§Œ μ•„μ£Ό μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ§€λ§Œμš”." (μ›ƒμŒ)
08:22
And here's Thomas.
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ν† λ§ˆμŠ€λ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•˜μ£ .
08:24
Thomas has some pretty significant attention and behavior problems
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ν† λ§ˆμŠ€λŠ” λΆ€μƒμœΌλ‘œ 인해 ν•œ 달이 λ„˜κ²Œ μ˜μ‹λΆˆλͺ…에 빠진 μ΄ν›„λ‘œ
08:28
after an injury landed him in a coma for more than a month.
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κ½€ μ‹¬κ°ν•œ 주의λ ₯ 결핍과 행동 μž₯μ• λ₯Ό μ•“κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
After relearning how to walk,
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λ‹€μ‹œ 걸을 수 있게 되고 λ‚˜μ„œ
08:35
his first stop?
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κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € λ°©λ¬Έν•œ 곳은?
08:36
Court.
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λ²•μ›μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
08:37
He couldn't imagine a future where he wasn't in trouble.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μžμ‹ μ΄ μ–Έμ œκΉŒμ§€κ³  이런 μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄κ²Œ 될 거라 μ—¬κ²Όμ—ˆμ£ .
08:40
He now carries a calendar to avoid being held in contempt
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κ·ΈλŠ” 이제 κ³΅νŒκΈ°μΌμ„ μžŠμ–΄μ„œ 망신을 λ‹Ήν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠκΈ° μœ„ν•΄
08:44
for missed court dates,
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달λ ₯을 가지고 λ‹€λ‹ˆκ³ 
08:45
and he schedules a break into his day every day
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맀일의 일과 쀑에 νœ΄μ‹μ‹œκ°„μ„ κΌ­ μ •ν•΄μ„œ
08:48
to recharge before he gets agitated.
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마음이 λΆˆμ•ˆν•΄μ§€κΈ° 전에 μž¬μΆ©μ „μ„ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
And nobody knows the revolving door
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법정 μ•žμ— 앉아 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄μ•Όλ§λ‘œ
08:55
better than the person sitting at the front of the courtroom.
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νšŒμ „λ¬Έμ„ κ°€μž₯ 잘 μ•„λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄κ² μ£ .
08:59
This is my good friend and colleague Judge Brian Bowen.
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μ—¬κΈ΄ 제 친ꡬ이자 λ™λ£ŒμΈ λΈŒλΌμ΄μ–Έ 보웬 νŒμ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:02
Now, Judge Bowen was already on a mission to make the system work for everyone,
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보웬 νŒμ‚¬λŠ” ν˜•λ²• 체계가 λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ 효율적일 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 돕고 κ³„μ…¨λŠ”λ°
09:06
and when he heard about this program, he saw the perfect fit.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹€ 이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ“£κ³  λ”± λ§žλŠ” 방법이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμ£ .
09:11
He actually sits down with all of his prosecutors
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ²€μ°°κ΄€λ“€μ—κ²Œ
09:14
to help them see that there's basically two categories of defendants
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법정 μ•ˆμ—λŠ” 기본적으둜 두 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ ν”Όκ³ κ°€ μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œλ €μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:18
in the courtroom:
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09:20
the ones we're afraid of -- oftentimes, rightfully so --
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ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” ν”νžˆ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ§ˆλ•…νžˆ λ‘λ €μ›Œν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” 이듀이고
09:24
and the ones we're mad at.
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또 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” ν™”λ₯Ό λ‹μš°λŠ” 이듀이죠.
09:26
These are the ones who miss all of their scheduled appointments
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이듀은 정해진 μ•½μ†μ‹œκ°„μ„ λͺ¨μ‘°λ¦¬ μ–΄κΈ°κ³ 
09:29
and they blow through the best-laid probation plans.
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ λ³΄ν˜Έκ΄€μ°° κ³„νšμ„ λ¬΄μš©μ§€λ¬Όλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ£ .
09:32
And Judge Bowen believes that, with a little more support,
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보웬 νŒμ‚¬λŠ” λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„μ£Ό μž‘μ€ λ„μ›€λ§Œ 있으면
09:35
we could move people in this latter category,
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이 ν›„μžμ— μ†ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€, μ„±μ§ˆμ„ κΈμ–΄λŒ€λŠ” 이듀을
09:37
the maddening category,
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ν˜•λ²• 체계λ₯Ό 거쳐
09:40
through and ultimately out of the system.
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ꢁ극적으둜 λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³ μš”.
09:44
He proved that with Navy veteran Mike.
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재ν–₯ 해ꡰ인 마이크λ₯Ό 톡해 κ·Έκ±Έ 증λͺ…ν•΄ λ³΄μ˜€μ£ .
09:48
Judge Bowen saw the correlation between Mike's history of a massive 70-foot fall
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보웬 νŒμ‚¬λŠ” λ§ˆμ΄ν¬κ°€ κ²ͺ은 무렀 70ν”ΌνŠΈ λ†’μ΄μ˜ 좔락 사고와
09:54
and his long-standing pattern of difficulty showing up on the right day
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곡판 일정에 맞좰 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜μ§ˆ λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” 였랜 버릇 사이에
09:59
for court appointments
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상관관계λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:00
and complying with mandatory therapy requirements, for example.
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ν•„μˆ˜ 치료 μš”κ±΄μ„ μ±„μš°μ§€ λͺ»ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
10:04
And instead of sentencing him to more and more jail time,
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κ·Έμ—κ²Œ 더 λ§Žμ€ 수감 일을 μ„ κ³ ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ μ—
10:08
Judge Bowen sent him home with maps and checklists and handouts
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보웬 νŒμ‚¬λŠ” κ·Έλ₯Ό 지도와 체크리슀트, μœ μΈλ¬Όμ„ λ“€λ € λ³΄λƒˆκ³ 
10:14
and recommended instead vocational rehabilitation
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직업 μž¬ν™œμ„ μΆ”μ²œν•˜κ³  그런 μΉ˜λ£Œλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄
10:17
and flexible scheduling for those therapies.
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일정을 μœ μ—°ν•˜κ²Œ 짜라고 κΆŒκ³ ν–ˆμ£ .
10:21
And this with those supports, Mike's back to work
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 도움 덕에 λ§ˆμ΄ν¬λŠ” λ³΅μ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:25
for the first time since his injury while he was in the service.
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κ΅° 볡무 쀑 μž…μ€ 뢀상 μ΄ν›„λ‘œ 처음 μžˆλŠ” μΌμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
10:28
He's repairing relationships with his family,
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ°€μ‘±λ“€κ³Όμ˜ 관계λ₯Ό νšŒλ³΅ν•˜κ³  있고
10:31
and just last month,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ§€λ‚œλ‹¬μ—
10:33
he graduated from Judge Bowen's veteran's court.
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보웬 νŒμ‚¬μ˜ 퇴역 ꡰ인 법원을 μ‘Έμ—…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
(λ°•μˆ˜)
10:37
(Applause)
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10:45
This program shows us the overwhelming prevalence
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ ν˜•λ²• 체계 μ•ˆμ— 외상성 λ‡Œμ†μƒκ³Ό, 인지 결함,
10:49
of traumatic brain injuries and cognitive deficits
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μ•…μˆœν™˜μ˜ 좕적이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 말도 μ•ˆ 되게
λ§Œμ—°ν•΄ μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:53
and the accumulation of brokenness in the criminal justice system.
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10:58
And it highlights the extraordinary power of resilience and responsibility.
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그리고 μΈκ°„μ˜ μ±…μž„κ°κ³Ό 회볡λ ₯이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λΉ„λ²”ν•œ νž˜μΈμ§€λ₯Ό 보여주죠.
11:04
In Mike and Thomas and Vinny,
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마이크, ν† λ§ˆμŠ€, λΉ„λ‹ˆ
11:06
even Judge Bowen's story,
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보웬 νŒμ‚¬μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό 보더라도
11:07
you saw the transformation made possible by a change in perception
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μΈμ‹μ˜ 변화와 μ•„μ£Ό κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ ν•©μ˜λ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„
11:13
and some simple accommodations.
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λ³€ν™”κ°€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ 아셨을 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:16
All told, in this program,
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결둠적으둜 이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ
11:19
these inmates and probationers come to see themselves differently.
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μž¬μ†Œμžμ™€ λ³΄ν˜Έκ΄€μ°°μžλ“€μ€ 슀슀둜λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 보게 λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
11:25
The system sees them differently,
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ν˜•λ²• 체계가 그듀을 달리 보게 λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
11:29
and when you meet them in the community, I hope you see them differently, too.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œ 그듀을 λ§Œλ‚˜κ²Œ 되면 λ˜ν•œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ΄μ£Όμ‹œκΈΈ λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:35
Thanks, guys.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:36
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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