Anupam Mishra: The ancient ingenuity of water harvesting

130,832 views ใƒป 2009-12-03

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Byung Kon Kang ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jun Ha Park
00:15
For emotions, we should not move quickly to the desert.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„  ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
So, first, a small housekeeping announcement:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋‹จ, ์งง์€ ๊ณต์ง€์‚ฌํ•ญ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ „ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ :
00:27
please switch off your
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”
00:29
proper English check programs
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์˜์–ด ์ฒดํฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„
00:32
installed in your brain.
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๊บผ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
00:39
So, welcome to the Golden Desert, Indian desert.
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์–ด์จŒ๋“ , ์ธ๋„์˜ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
It receives the least rainfall in the country,
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์ „๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์„
00:47
lowest rainfall.
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๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:49
If you are well-versed with inches, nine inches,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ธ์น˜์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด 9์ธ์น˜,
00:53
centimeters, 16 [centimeters].
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์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด 16cm์˜ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
The groundwater is 300 feet deep, 100 meters.
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์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋Š” 300ํ”ผํŠธ, ํ˜น์€ 100๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊นŠ์ด์ด๊ณ ,
01:00
And in most parts it is saline, not fit for drinking.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์†Œ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด ์‹์ˆ˜๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
So, you can't install hand pumps or dig wells,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:08
though there is no electricity in most of the villages.
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์ˆ˜๋™ ํŽŒํ”„๋ฅผ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฌผ์„ ํŒ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
But suppose you use the green technology, solar pumps --
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ํƒœ์–‘์—ด ํŽŒํ”„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋…น์ƒ‰ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค ํ•ด๋„,
01:16
they are of no use in this area.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
So, welcome to the Golden Desert.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ™ฉ๊ธˆ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Clouds seldom visit this area.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ,
01:25
But we find 40 different names of clouds in this dialect used here.
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์ด๊ณณ ๋ฐฉ์–ธ์—๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 40๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฆ„๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
There are a number of techniques to harvest rain.
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๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
This is a new work, it's a new program.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด๊ณ , ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
But for the desert society
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
01:42
this is no program; this is their life.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
And they harvest rain in many ways.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์„œ ๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
So, this is the first device they use
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
01:53
in harvesting rain.
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์ผ์ฐจ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
It's called kunds; somewhere it is called [unclear].
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'์ฟค๋“œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” 'ํƒ€์นด'๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
And you can notice they have created
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๋ชจ์˜ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€๋ฅผ
02:02
a kind of false catchment.
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๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
The desert is there, sand dunes, some small field.
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์ €์ชฝ์ด ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋ž˜ ์–ธ๋•๊ณผ ์ž‘์€ ๋“คํŒ๋„ ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
02:08
And this is all big raised platform.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ฃผ์œ„๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†’์€ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
You can notice the small holes
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์ž‘์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
the water will fall on this catchment,
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๋ฌผ์ด ์ด ์ง‘์ˆ˜๋Œ€์— ๋ชจ์ด๊ณ ,
02:17
and there is a slope.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
Sometimes our engineers and architects
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๊ฐ€๋” ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ž๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค์€
02:23
do not care about slopes in bathrooms,
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์˜ ๊ฒฝ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
02:26
but here they will care properly.
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
02:28
And the water will go where it should go.
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๋ฌผ์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•  ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
And then it is 40 feet deep.
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๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ์˜ ๊นŠ์ด๋Š” 120๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ด๊ณ 
02:35
The waterproofing is done perfectly,
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์™„๋ฒฝํžˆ ๋ฐฉ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
better than our city contractors,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์žฅ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ž˜ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:42
because not a single drop should go waste in this.
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ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์šธ์˜ ๋ฌผ๋„ ๋‚ญ๋น„๋˜์–ด์„  ์•ˆ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:47
They collect 100 thousand liters in one season.
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ํ•œ ์ฒ ์— 10๋งŒ ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ ,
02:52
And this is pure drinking water.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์€ ๋ฌผ์€ ์ˆœ๋„ ๋†’์€ ์‹์ˆ˜ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
Below the surface there is hard saline water.
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์ง€ํ•˜์—๋Š” ์†Œ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ ๋†’์€ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
03:00
But now you can have this for year round.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ผ๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
It's two houses.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‘ ์ฑ„์˜ ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
We often use a term called bylaws.
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'๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Because we are used to get written things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ทธ '๊ทœ๋ฒ”'๋“ค์„ ๊ธ€๋กœ ์จ์„œ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
03:13
But here it is unwritten by law.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…๋ฌธํ™”๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:16
And people made their house,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์ง‘์„ ์ง€์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
03:19
and the water storage tanks.
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์ €์ˆ˜ ํƒฑํฌ๋„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
These raised up platforms just like this stage.
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์ด ๋ฌด๋Œ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์†Ÿ์€ ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํƒฑํฌ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
In fact they go 15 feet deep,
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์ด ํƒฑํฌ๋“ค์€ 4.57๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊นŠ์ด์—์„œ
03:31
and collect rain water from roof,
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์ง€๋ถ•์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ ,
03:34
there is a small pipe, and from their courtyard.
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-- ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ž‘์€ ๊ด€์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ์š” -- ๋งˆ๋‹น์˜ ๋น—๋ฌผ๋„ ๋ชจ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
It can also harvest something like 25,000 in a good monsoon.
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ํ•œ์ฐฝ ์žฅ๋งˆ๋•Œ๋Š” 2๋งŒ5์ฒœ ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Another big one,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฐ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
this is of course out of the hardcore desert area.
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ๊ทน์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ์ง€๋Œ€ ๋ฐ–์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
This is near Jaipur. This is called the Jaigarh Fort.
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์—ฌ๊ธด ์ž์ดํ‘ธ๋ฅด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์ด๊ฐ€ ํฌํŠธ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์ด์ฃ .
03:55
And it can collect six million gallons of rainwater in one season.
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ฒ ์— 2270๋งŒ ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ์˜ ๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
The age is 400 years.
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400๋…„ ์ „์— ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
04:04
So, since 400 years it has been giving you
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, 400๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ์ง‘์ˆ˜์žฅ์€
04:08
almost six million gallons of water per season.
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ํ•œ ์ฒ ์— 2270๋งŒ ๋ฆฌํ„ฐ์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
You can calculate the price of that water.
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์ด ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ ์ง์ ‘ ๊ณ„์‚ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
It draws water from 15 kilometers of canals.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์€ 15ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๊ธธ์ด์˜ ์šดํ•˜์—์„œ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
You can see a modern road, hardly 50 years old.
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50๋…„์ด ์ฑ„ ์•ˆ๋œ ํ˜„๋Œ€์˜ ๋„๋กœ๋„
04:26
It can break sometimes.
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๊ฐ„ํ˜น ๋ถ€์„œ์ง€๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
But this 400 year old canal, which draws water,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด 400์‚ด ๋จน์€ ์šดํ•˜๋Š”
04:32
it is maintained for so many generations.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๋™์•ˆ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์–ด์ ธ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Of course if you want to go inside, the two doors are locked.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์€ ์ž ๊ฒจ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
04:39
But they can be opened for TED people.
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TED ๊ด€๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์—ด๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:42
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:43
And we request them.
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๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:45
You can see person coming up with
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๋ฌผ ๋‘ ํ†ต์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„
04:48
two canisters of water.
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
And the water level -- these are not empty canisters --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€ -- ์ด ํ†ต๋“ค์€ ๋น„์–ด์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š” --
04:53
water level is right up to this.
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์ˆ˜๋ฉด์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
It can envy many municipalities,
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๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์ž์ฒด๋“ค์ด
04:59
the color, the taste, the purity of this water.
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์ด ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ƒ‰๊น”, ๋ง›, ์ˆœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
And this is what they call Zero B type of water,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๋กœ-B ํ˜•์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
because it comes from the clouds,
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๊ตฌ๋ฆ„์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:10
pure distilled water.
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๋ง‘์€ ์ฆ๋ฅ˜์ˆ˜์ด์ฃ .
05:13
We stop for a quick commercial break,
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์ž ์‹œ ์ „ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ์—… ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณ 
05:16
and then we come back to the traditional systems.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ „ํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค์ฃ .
05:19
The government thought that this is a very
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ์ด ๋งค์šฐ
05:22
backward area and we should bring
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๋‚™ํ›„๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์„œ
05:24
a multi-million dollar project
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
05:27
to bring water from the Himalayas.
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ํžˆ๋ง๋ผ์•ผ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ์–ด์˜ค๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
That's why I said that this is a commercial break.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ '์ƒ์—… ๊ด‘๊ณ '๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:34
But we will come back, once again,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ „ํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์œผ๋กœ
05:36
to the traditional thing.
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๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:38
So, water from 300, 400 kilometers away,
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300~400ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋Œ์–ด์˜จ ๋ฌผ์€ ๊ธˆ์„ธ
05:42
soon it become like this.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
In many portions, water hyacinth
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๊ณณ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ ํžˆ์•„์‹ ์Šค (๊ฝƒ์˜ ์ผ์ข…) ๋“ค์ด
05:46
covered these big canals like anything.
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ํฐ ์šดํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Of course there are some areas where water is reaching,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
I'm not saying that it is not reaching at all.
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์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
But the tail end, the Jaisalmer area,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋์ž๋ฝ์ธ ์ž์ด์‚ด๋จธ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋‚˜
06:00
you will notice in Bikaner things like this:
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๋น„์นด๋„ค์–ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ
06:03
where the water hyacinth couldn't grow,
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๋ฌผ ํžˆ์•„์‹ ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ 
06:05
the sand is flowing in these canals.
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๋ฌผ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์šดํ•˜๋ฅผ ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
The bonus is that you can find wildlife around it.
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๋ค์œผ๋กœ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—์„œ ์•ผ์ƒ ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:14
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
06:17
We had full-page advertisements,
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์•ฝ 30๋…„, 25๋…„ ์ „์— ์ด ์šดํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์„๋•Œ,
06:20
some 30 years, 25 years ago when this canal came.
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์ „๋ฉด ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
They said that throw away your traditional systems,
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๊ด‘๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ, ์ „ํ†ต ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
06:28
these new cement tanks will supply you piped water.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋ฉ˜ํŠธ ํƒฑํฌ์— ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋กœ ์ˆ˜์†ก๋œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋ผ๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
06:32
It's a dream. And it became a dream also.
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๊ฟˆ๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–˜๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฟˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
06:36
Because soon the water was not able to reach these areas.
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๋ฌผ์ด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
And people started renovating their own structures.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค๋งŒ์˜ ์ „ํ†ต ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋“ค์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๊ณ ์น˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
These are all traditional water structures,
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๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ „ํ†ต ์ง‘์ˆ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
which we won't be able to explain in such a short time.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์–ด์„œ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๋ชป ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
06:55
But you can see that no woman is standing on those.
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์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ, ์ด ์œ„์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„œ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:00
And they are plaiting hair.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋„ค์š”.
07:02
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
07:06
Jaisalmer. This is heart of desert.
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ์‹ฌ์žฅ๋ถ€์ธ ์ œ์‚ด๋จธ ์ง€์—ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
This town was established 800 years ago.
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์ด ๋งˆ์„์€ 800๋…„ ์ „์— ์„ธ์›Œ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
I'm not sure by that time
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๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—
07:16
Bombay was there, or Delhi was there,
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๋ด„๋ฒ ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋ธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€
07:18
or Chennai was there, or Bangalore was there.
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ํ˜น์€ ์ฒธ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€, ๋ฐฉ๊ฐˆ๋กœ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
So, this was the terminal point for silk route.
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์‹คํฌ๋กœ๋“œ์˜ ์ข…์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
Well connected, 800 years ago, through Europe.
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800๋…„ ์ „์— ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด ์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:29
None of us were able to go to Europe,
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:33
but Jaisalmer was well connected to it.
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์ œ์‚ด๋จธ๋Š” ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
And this is the 16 centimeter area.
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์ด ๊ณณ์€ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ด ์—ฐํ‰๊ท  16์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
Such a limited rainfall,
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๋งค์šฐ ์ ์€ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
07:43
and highest colorful life flourished in these areas.
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๋‹ค์ฑ„๋กœ์šด ์‚ถ์ด ๋ฒˆ์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
You won't find water in this slide.
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์ด ํ™”๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
But it is invisible.
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๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
07:54
Somewhere a stream or a rivulet
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์ž‘์€
07:58
is running through here.
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๊ฐœ์šธ์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Or, if you want to paint, you can paint it blue throughout
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ํ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฌผ์„ ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์น ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ฃฝ ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ์น ํ•ด๋„ ๋ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
because every roof which you see in this picture
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€๋ถ•๋“ค์€
08:09
collects rainwater drops
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๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์•„์„œ
08:11
and deposit in the rooms.
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๋ฐฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
08:16
But apart from this system,
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์ด ์ง‘์ˆ˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์™ธ์—๋„,
08:19
they designed 52 beautiful water bodies around this town.
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๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์„ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์— 52๊ฐœ์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง€์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:25
And what we call private public partnership
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๊ฐœ์ธ-๊ณต๊ณต ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ์‰ฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
you can add estate also.
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์‚ฌ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
08:32
So, estate, public and private entrepreneurs
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์‚ฌ์œ ์ง€, ๊ณต,์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ด
08:36
work together to build this beautiful water body.
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ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•ด์„œ ์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ €์ˆ˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
And it's a kind of water body for all seasons.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ„์ ˆ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ €์ˆ˜์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
You will admire it. Just behold the beauty throughout the year.
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๊ฐํƒ„ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ํ•œ ํ•ด ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์„ ๊ฐ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:49
Whether water level goes up or down,
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์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์ด ๊นŠ์–ด์ง€๋“  ์–•์•„์ง€๋“ ,
08:51
the beauty is there throughout.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
Another water body, dried up, of course,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ๊ฑด๊ธฐ๋ผ
08:56
during the summer period,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ง๋ผ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
08:58
but you can see how the traditional society
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์ „ํ†ต ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ
09:03
combines engineering with aesthetics, with the heart.
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๊ณตํ•™, ๋ฏธํ•™, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ด์ •์„ ๋ชจ์•„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
These statues, marvelous statues,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์€
09:11
gives you an idea of water table.
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๋ฌผ์˜ ์–‘์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
When this rain comes and the water starts filling this tank,
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๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ค์„œ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด
09:19
it will submerge these beautiful statues
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์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ์— ์ž ๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
in what we call in English today "mass communication."
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์š”์ฆ˜ ๋ง๋กœ "๋งค์Šค์ปด"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:25
This was for mass communication.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๋งค์Šค์ปด์˜ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
Everybody in the town will know that this elephant has drowned,
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๋งˆ์„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฝ”๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฌผ์— ์ž ๊ธด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ,
09:32
so water will be there for seven months or nine months,
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์ผ๊ณฑ ๋‹ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์•„ํ™‰ ๋‹ฌ, ํ˜น์€ ์—ด๋‘ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š”
09:35
or 12 months.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
And then they will come and worship this pond,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์—ฐ๋ชป์— ์™€์„œ ์˜ˆ์˜๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ
09:40
pay respect, their gratitude.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ถ”์•™ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
09:43
Another small water body, called the [unclear].
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์—ฌ๊ธด '์ œ์„ธ๋ฆฌ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
It is difficult to translate in English,
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
09:48
especially in my English.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ œ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
09:50
But the nearest would be "glory," a reputation.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” "์˜๊ด‘", ํ˜น์€ "๋ช…์„ฑ"์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
09:53
The reputation in desert of this small water body is
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์‚ฌ๋ง‰์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์ž‘์€ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋งˆ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š”
09:57
that it never dries up.
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๋ช…์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
In severe drought periods
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๊ทน์‹ฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ญ„์—๋„
10:03
nobody has seen this water body
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์ด๊ณณ์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋งˆ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
10:05
getting dried up.
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์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
And perhaps they knew the future also.
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์ด๊ณณ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋„ ๋‚ด๋‹ค ๋ดค๋‚˜ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
10:14
It was designed some 150 years ago.
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์•ฝ 150๋…„ ์ „์— ์„ค๊ณ„๋œ ๊ณณ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
10:17
But perhaps they knew that on sixth, November, 2009,
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2009๋…„ 11์›” 6์ผ์—
10:21
there will be a TED green and blue session,
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TED green and blue ์„ธ๋ฏธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ 
10:25
so they painted it like this.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊พธ๋ฉฐ ๋†“์•˜๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
10:27
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:28
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:33
Dry water body. Children are standing on
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์ด๊ฑด ๋งˆ๋ฅธ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
10:36
a very difficult device to explain.
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์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ตฌ์กฐ ์œ„์— ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
This is called kund. We have, in English, surface water and ground water.
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฟค๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌผ์—๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ์ˆ˜์™€ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜์˜ ๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ
10:44
But this is not ground water.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
You can draw ground water from any well.
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์•„๋ฌด ์šฐ๋ฌผ์—์„œ๋‚˜ ์ง€ํ•˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํŽ„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:48
But this is no ordinary well.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณดํ†ต์˜ ์šฐ๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
It squeeze the moisture
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ž˜์— ์ˆจ์–ด์žˆ๋Š”
10:55
hidden in the sand.
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์Šต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์งœ๋‚ด ๋ชจ์๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
And they have dubbed this water as the third one called [unclear].
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งœ๋‚ธ ๋ฌผ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋กœ ์ทจ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  '๋ ˆ์ž๋‹ˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
And there is a gypsum belt running below it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€ํ•˜์—๋Š” ์„๊ณ ๋กœ ๋œ ์ง€์ธต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
And it was deposited by the great mother Earth,
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์•ฝ 300๋งŒ๋…„ ์ „์— ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ€์ง€์— ์˜ํ•ด
11:10
some three million years ago.
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ํ‡ด์ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:13
And where we have this gypsum strip
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„๊ณ ์ธต์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ
11:16
they can harvest this water.
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๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
This is the same dry water body.
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์—ฌ๊ธด ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
Now, you don't find any kund;
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์–ด๋””์—๋„ ์ฟค๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
they are all submerged.
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๋ฌผ์— ์ž ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
11:25
But when the water goes down they will be able
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์ด ์–•์•„์ง€๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฟค๋“œ์—์„œ
11:28
to draw water from those structures throughout the year.
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์ผ๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
This year they have received only six centimeters.
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์˜ฌํ•ด์—๋Š” 6์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๋งŒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
Six centimeter of rainfall,
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6์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•œ ๋น—๋ฌผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
11:38
and they can telephone you
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€
11:40
that if you find any water problem in your city,
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๋ฌผ ๋ถ€์กฑ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:43
Delhi, Bombay, Bangalore, Mysore,
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-- ๊ทธ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋ธ๋ฆฌ๋“ , ๋ด„๋ฒ ์ด๋“ , ๋ฐฉ๊ฐˆ๋กœ์–ด๋“  --
11:45
please come to our area of six centimeters, we can give you water.
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6์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•œ ์ด ๋งˆ์„์ด ๋ฌผ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:49
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:50
How they maintain them?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”?
11:52
There are three things: concept, planning,
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๊ตฌ์ƒ, ๊ณ„ํš,
11:55
making the actual thing, and also maintaining them.
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์‹ค์ฒœ๊ณผ ์œ ์ง€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
It is a structure for maintain,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
for centuries, by generations, without any department,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๊ธฐ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๋™์•ˆ ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ด€ํ•  ๋ถ€์„œ๋‚˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์—†์ด
12:05
without any funding,
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์œ ์ง€๋˜๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:07
So the secret is "[unclear]," respect.
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๊ทธ ๋น„๋ฐ€์€ "์ƒตํƒ€", ํ˜น์€ ์กด์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
Your own thing, not personal property,
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๋‹น์‹ ๋งŒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ, ๊ฐœ์ธ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:16
my property, every time.
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:19
So, these stone pillars
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์ด ๋Œ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ๋“ค์€
12:21
will remind you that you are entering into a water body area.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ง‘์ˆ˜์ง€๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
Don't spit, don't do anything wrong,
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์นจ์„ ๋ฑ‰๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡๋œ ์ผ์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ
12:27
so that the clean water can be collected.
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๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Another pillar, stone pillar on your right side.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ๋‘ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
If you climb these three, six steps
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์ด ์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ณ„๋‹จ์„ ์˜ค๋ฅด๋ฉด
12:36
you will find something very nice.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
This was done in 11th century.
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์ด๊ฑด 11์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:42
And you have to go further down.
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๋” ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
They say that a picture is worth a thousand words,
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๋ฐฑ๋ฌธ์ด ๋ถˆ์—ฌ์ผ๊ฒฌ์ด๋ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ
12:48
so we can say a thousand words right now,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐฑ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
12:51
an another thousand words.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฑ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
If the water table goes down,
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์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์ด ์–•์•„์ง€๋ฉด,
12:55
you will find new stairs.
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์ž ๊ฒจ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ณ„๋‹จ๋“ค์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
If it comes up, some of them will be submerged.
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์ˆ˜์‹ฌ์ด ๊นŠ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด, ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณ„๋‹จ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž ๊ธฐ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:01
So, throughout the year
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์ผ๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด
13:03
this beautiful system will give you some pleasure.
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์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ฏธ์  ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์›€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
Three sides, such steps, on the fourth side
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์‚ผ๋ฉด์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณ„๋‹จ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฉด์—๋Š”
13:10
there is a four-story building
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4์ธต์งœ๋ฆฌ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
where you can organize such TED conferences anytime.
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๊ทธ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ TED ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ์–ธ์ œ๊ณ  ์—ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:17
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
13:23
Excuse me, who built these structures?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด ์‹œ์„ค์„ ์ง€์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
13:27
They are in front of you.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:29
The best civil engineers we had, the best planners,
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ํ† ๋ชฉ ๊ณตํ•™์ž๋“ค, ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ธฐํš์ž๋“ค,
13:33
the best architects.
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์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
We can say that because of them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค ๋•๋ถ„์—
13:37
because of their forefathers,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค ๋•๋ถ„์—,
13:39
India could get the first engineering college
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์ธ๋„๋Š” 1847๋…„์— ์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
13:42
in 1847.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
There were no English medium schools at that time,
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๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ˆ˜์—…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ๊ณ ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
13:48
even no Hindi schools, [unclear] schools.
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ํžŒ๋‘์–ด ํ•™๊ต๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:51
But such people, compelled to the East India Company,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ณณ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์˜จ
13:54
which came here for business, a very dirty kind of business ...
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๋™์ธ๋„ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ,
13:58
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:00
but not to create the engineering colleges.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋•๋ถ„์—
14:03
But because of them, first engineering college was created
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
in a small village, not in the town.
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์ž‘์€ ๋งˆ์„์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:10
The last point, we all know in our primary schools that
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ดˆ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ
14:15
that camel is a ship of desert.
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๋‚™ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
So, you can find through your Jeep,
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์ด ์ง€ํ”„์ฐจ์˜ ์ฐฝ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
14:21
a camel, and a cart.
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๋‚™ํƒ€์™€ ์ˆ˜๋ ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:24
This tire comes from the airplane.
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์ด ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
So, look at the beauty from the desert society
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋ง‰ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋Š”
14:31
who can harvest rainwater,
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๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
14:33
and also create something
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์ œํŠธ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์“ฐ๋˜ ํƒ€์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค
14:36
through a tire from a jet plane,
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๋‚™ํƒ€ ์ˆ˜๋ ˆ์˜ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
14:40
and used in a camel cart.
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์„ผ์Šค๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
Last picture, it's a tattoo,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฌธ์‹ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
2,000-years-old tattoo.
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2000๋…„ ๋œ ๋ฌธ์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
They were using it on their body.
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๋งˆ์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชธ์— ๊ทธ๋ ธ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:50
Tattoo was, at one time,
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ํ•œ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์‹ ์€
14:52
a kind of a blacklisted
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๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ๋˜๋˜
14:54
or con thing, but now it is in thing.
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ํ–‰์œ„์˜€์ง€๋งŒ, ์š”์ฆ˜์—” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ์ง€์š”.
14:57
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
14:59
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
15:01
You can copy this tattoo. I have some posters of this.
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์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณต์‚ฌํ•˜์…”๋„ ๋˜์š”. ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
15:07
The center of life is water.
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์‚ถ์˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์€ ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:12
These are the beautiful waves.
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์ด ๊ณก์„ ๋“ค์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ณ ,
15:14
These are the beautiful stairs
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์ด ํ‰ํ–‰์„ ๋“ค์ด ์ „ ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ณด์•˜๋˜
15:17
which we just saw in one of the slides.
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์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ณ„๋‹จ๋“ค์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:20
These are the trees.
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์ขŒ์šฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋“ค์ด๊ณ ,
15:23
And these are the flowers which
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๊ฐ ๋ชจํ‰์ด์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ถ์˜
15:25
add fragrance to our lives.
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ํ–ฅ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฝƒ๋“ค ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
So, this is the message of desert.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ง‰์ด ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
Thank you very much.
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๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:00
Chris Anderson: So, first of all, I wish I had your eloquence, truly, in any language.
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ค๋”์Šจ: ๋จผ์ €, ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ, ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ฌธํ•œ ๋ฏธ์Šˆ๋ผ์”จ์˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ณ€์ด ๋ถ€๋Ÿฝ๋„ค์š”.
16:04
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
16:11
These artifacts and designs are inspiring.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์‹  ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š” ํฐ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:17
Do you believe that they can be used elsewhere,
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ๋“ค๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ
16:20
that the world can learn from this?
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
16:22
Or is this just right for this place?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—๋งŒ ํŠนํ™”๋œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:24
Anupam Mishra: No, the basic idea is to
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์•„๋ˆ„ํŒœ ๋ฏธ์Šˆ๋ผ: ์•„๋‡จ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
16:27
utilize water that falls on our area.
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์ด๊ณณ์— ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
So, the ponds, the open bodies, are everywhere,
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์—ฐ๋ชป, ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋“ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:34
right from Sri Lanka to Kashmir, and in other parts also.
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์Šค๋ฆฌ๋ž‘์นด์—์„œ ์นด์Šˆ๋ฏธ๋ฅด๊นŒ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋„์š”.
16:39
And these [unclear], which stored water,
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด ์ง‘์ˆ˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€
16:42
there are two type of things.
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๋‘ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
One recharge, and one stores.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณด์ถฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €์žฅํ•˜์ฃ .
16:46
So, it depends on the terrain.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€ํ˜•์— ์˜์กด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:49
But kund, which uses the gypsum belt,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„๊ณ ์ธต์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฟค๋“œ๋Š”
16:52
for that you have to go back to your calendar,
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300๋งŒ๋…„ ์ „์— ์„๊ณ ์ธต์ด ์Œ“์˜€๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
16:56
three million years ago.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ์—ฌ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
If it is there it can be done right now.
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์„๊ณ ์ธต์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์žฅ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:00
Otherwise, it can't be done.
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์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
17:02
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
17:03
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
17:05
CA: Thank you so much.
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์•ค๋”์Šจ: ์ •๋ง ๊ณ ๋ง™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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