A new weapon in the fight against superbugs | David Brenner

94,927 views ・ 2018-01-18

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: SeungGyu Min κ²€ν† : Tae-Hoon Chung
00:13
So ... we're in a real live war at the moment,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ ... 저흰 μ§€κΈˆ 사싀 μ „μŸμ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:18
and it's a war that we're truly losing.
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저희가 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 지고 μžˆλŠ” μ „μŸμ΄μ£ 
00:20
It's a war on superbugs.
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μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έμ™€μ˜ μ „μŸμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:25
So you might wonder,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ€ μ•„λ§ˆ μ˜μ•„ν•˜μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:27
if I'm going to talk about superbugs,
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μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ–˜κΈ°ν•  κ±°λΌλ©΄μ„œ
00:29
why I'm showing you a photograph of some soccer fans --
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μ œκ°€ μ–΄μ§Έμ„œ μΆ•κ΅¬νŒ¬ 사진을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌλŠ”μ§€ 말이죠
00:33
Liverpool soccer fans celebrating a famous victory
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리버풀 좕ꡬ νŒ¬λ“€μ΄ 유λͺ…ν•œ 승리λ₯Ό μžμΆ•ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:37
in Istanbul, a decade ago.
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10λ…„ μ „ μ΄μŠ€νƒ„λΆˆμ΄μ—ˆμ£ 
00:40
In the back, in the red shirt,
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뒀에 뢉은색 μ˜·μ„ μž…κ³  μžˆλŠ” 게
00:42
well, that's me,
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λ°”λ‘œ μ ‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:44
and next to me in the red hat, that's my friend Paul Rice.
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κ·Έ μ˜†μ— 뢉은 λͺ¨μžλ₯Ό μ“΄ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 제 친ꡬ 폴 λΌμ΄μŠ€κ΅¬μš”
00:49
So a couple of years after this picture was taken,
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이 사진 찍고 2λ…„ λ’€
00:52
Paul went into hospital for some minor surgery,
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폴은 μž‘μ€ 수술 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 병원에 μž…μ›ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:56
and he developed a superbug-related infection,
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έ κ΄€λ ¨ 감염병에 κ±Έλ Έκ³ 
01:00
and he died.
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μ‚¬λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:02
And I was truly shocked.
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정말 μΆ©κ²©μ΄μ—ˆμ£ 
01:05
He was a healthy guy in the prime of life.
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κ·ΈλŠ” ν•œμ°½ κ±΄κ°•ν•œ μ‚¬λ‚΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:08
So there and then,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έλ•Œ κ±°κΈ°μ„œ
01:09
and actually with a lot of encouragement from a couple of TEDsters,
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ν…Œλ“œμŠ€ν„° 두어 λͺ…μ˜ μ—΄λ ¬ν•œ 응원을 λ°›μœΌλ©°
01:13
I declared my own personal war on superbugs.
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μ €λŠ” μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 개인적인 μ „μŸμ„ μ„ ν¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:18
So let's talk about superbugs for a moment.
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μž μ‹œ μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기 해보도둝 ν•˜μ£ 
01:20
The story actually starts in the 1940s
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μ‹€μ œ 이 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μ˜ μ‹œμž‘μ€ ν•­μƒμ œκ°€ 널리 λ„μž…λ˜κ³  있던
01:24
with the widespread introduction of antibiotics.
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1940λ…„λŒ€λ‘œ 거슬러 올라 κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:27
And since then,
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κ·Έ 이후
01:29
drug-resistant bacteria have continued to emerge,
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μ•½μ œ 내성이 생긴 λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λŠ” λŠμž„μ—†μ΄ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μ£ 
01:33
and so we've been forced to develop newer and newer drugs
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이듀 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό 무찌λ₯΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
01:37
to fight these new bacteria.
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우린 더 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 약을 κ°œλ°œν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:40
And this vicious cycle actually is the origin of superbugs,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ•…μˆœν™˜μ΄ λ°”λ‘œ μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έκ°€ 생긴 기원인데
01:45
which is simply bacteria for which we don't have effective drugs.
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ 효과적인 약물이 μ—†λŠ” λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„μ£ 
01:51
I'm sure you'll recognize at least some of these superbugs.
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ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€λ„ 이듀 쀑 적어도 λͺ‡ κ°€μ§€λŠ” μ•Œμ•„λ³΄μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:55
These are the more common ones around today.
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이것듀이 μš”μ¦˜ ν”ν•œ 건데
01:58
Last year, around 700,000 people died
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μž‘λ…„λ§Œ 해도 λŒ€λž΅ 70만 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄
02:02
from superbug-related diseases.
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μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έ κ΄€λ ¨ μ§ˆν™˜μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:05
Looking to the future,
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미래λ₯Ό μ˜ˆμƒν•΄λ³΄λ©΄
02:09
if we carry on on the path we're going,
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이 문제λ₯Ό μ•½λ¬Όλ‘œ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λ €λŠ”
02:12
which is basically a drugs-based approach to the problem,
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ν˜„μž¬μ˜ 상황이 μ§€μ†λœλ‹€λ©΄
02:16
the best estimate by the middle of this century
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21μ„ΈκΈ° μ€‘λ°˜κΉŒμ§€ μ „μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έλ‘œ 사망할 μ‚¬λžŒμ˜ μˆ˜λŠ”
02:18
is that the worldwide death toll from superbugs will be 10 million.
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κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 μ˜ˆμƒμΉ˜κ°€ 천만 λͺ… μ •λ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:24
10 million.
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천만 λͺ…μ΄μš”
02:25
Just to put that in context, that's actually more
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‰½κ²Œ ν’€μ–΄ 보면 이건 사싀
02:28
than the number of people that died of cancer worldwide last year.
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ—μ„œ μž‘λ…„μ— μ•”μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬λ§ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ³΄λ‹€ 더 λ§Žμ€ μˆ«μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:32
So it seems pretty clear that we're not on a good road,
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ν˜„μž¬μ˜ 접근법에 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆλŠ” 건 μ•„μ£Ό λΆ„λͺ…ν•΄ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:37
and the drugs-based approach to this problem is not working.
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약물에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•œ 방식은 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μ—†μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”
02:42
I'm a physicist,
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μ €λŠ” λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:44
and so I wondered, could we take a physics-based approach --
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ³ λ―Όν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 문제λ₯Ό λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μ μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄κ²°ν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ„κΉŒ
02:48
a different approach to this problem.
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이 λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 색닀λ₯Έ 접근법
02:51
And in that context,
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그런 μ μ—μ„œ
02:53
the first thing we know for sure,
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μš°μ„  저희가 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ μ•„λŠ” 건
02:55
is that we actually know how to kill every kind of microbe,
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사싀 λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 미생물과
02:59
every kind of virus,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€
03:00
every kind of bacteria.
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λͺ¨λ“  μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό μ£½μ΄λŠ” 법을 μ•ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
03:02
And that's with ultraviolet light.
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그건 λ°”λ‘œ μžμ™Έμ„ μ„ μ“°λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:05
We've actually known this for more than 100 years.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 100년도 λ„˜κ²Œ μ „λΆ€ν„° μ•Œκ³  있던 사싀이죠
03:08
I think you all know what ultraviolet light is.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ μžμ™Έμ„ μ΄ μ–΄λ–€ 건지 잘 μ•„μ‹€ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:11
It's part of a spectrum that includes infrared,
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그건 적외선을 ν¬ν•¨ν•œ λΉ› μŠ€νŽ™νŠΈλŸΌμ˜ ν•œ λΆ€λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ
03:14
it includes visible light,
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—” κ°€μ‹œκ΄‘μ„ λ„ λ“€μ–΄ μžˆλŠ”λ°
03:16
and the short-wavelength part of this group is ultraviolet light.
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이 μŠ€νŽ™νŠΈλŸΌμ˜ λ‹¨νŒŒμž₯ 뢀뢄이 λ°”λ‘œ μžμ™Έμ„ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:21
The key thing from our perspective here
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저희가 가진 μ°©μƒμ˜ κ°€μž₯ 핡심은
03:24
is that ultraviolet light kills bacteria by a completely different mechanism
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μžμ™Έμ„ μ΄ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό 죽일 땐 약물이 죽일 λ•Œμ™€λŠ”
03:29
from the way drugs kill bacteria.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ 기전을 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이죠
03:32
So ultraviolet light is just as capable of killing a drug-resistant bacteria
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μžμ™Έμ„ μ€ μ•½μ œ 내성이 생긴 λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ„
03:38
as any other bacteria,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ§ŒνΌ 잘 죽일 수 μžˆλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:40
and because ultraviolet light is so good at killing all bugs,
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μžμ™Έμ„ μ΄ λͺ¨λ“  균을 μ£½μ΄λŠ”λ° λ„ˆλ¬΄λ„ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
03:45
it's actually used a lot these days to sterilize rooms,
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μš”μ¦˜λ„ μ‹€μ œ 방을 μ‚΄κ· ν•  λ•Œλ‚˜
03:48
sterilize working surfaces.
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μž‘μ—… 곡간을 μ‚΄κ· ν•  λ•Œ 많이 μ”λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:51
What you see here is a surgical theater
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μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 건 μˆ˜μˆ λ°©μ„
03:54
being sterilized with germicidal ultraviolet light.
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μ‚΄κ· μš© μžμ™Έμ„ μœΌλ‘œ μ‚΄κ· ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:59
But what you don't see in this picture, actually,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹€μ œ 이 그림에선
04:02
is any people,
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μ–΄λ–€ μ‚¬λžŒλ„ λ³Ό 수 μ—†λŠ”λ°
04:03
and there's a very good reason for that.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—” μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ μ΄μœ κ°€ 있죠
04:06
Ultraviolet light is actually a health hazard,
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μžμ™Έμ„ μ€ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 우리 인체에 ν•΄λ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:09
so it can damage cells in our skin,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μžμ™Έμ„ μ€ 우리 ν”ΌλΆ€μ˜ 세포λ₯Ό μ†μƒμ‹œμΌœ
04:11
cause skin cancer,
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피뢀암을 μœ λ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:13
it can damage cells in our eye,
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우리 눈의 세포도 μ†μƒμ‹œμΌœ
04:14
cause eye diseases like cataract.
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λ°±λ‚΄μž₯κ³Ό 같은 λˆˆλ³‘λ„ 생기죠
04:18
So you can't use conventional, germicidal, ultraviolet light
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 주변에 μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μžˆμ„ 땐
04:21
when there are people are around.
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톡상적인 μ‚΄κ· μš© μžμ™Έμ„ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ μ•ˆλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:23
And of course,
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그리고 λ¬Όλ‘  μ €ν¬λŠ”
04:24
we want to sterilize mostly when there are people around.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μžˆμ„ λ•Œ μ‚΄κ· ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ£ 
04:28
So the ideal ultraviolet light
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ°€μž₯ 이상적인 μžμ™Έμ„ μ€
04:31
would actually be able to kill all bacteria,
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μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έλ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•œ λͺ¨λ“  λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό
04:35
including superbugs,
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죽일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μ•Όκ² μ§€λ§Œ
04:36
but would be safe for human exposure.
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인체에 λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄λ„ μ•ˆμ „ν•΄μ•Όκ² μ£ 
04:40
And actually that's where my physics background kicked into this story.
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그리고 μ €μ˜ λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλ‘œμ„œμ˜ 배경은 이 λΆ€λΆ„μ—μ„œ λ“±μž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:45
Together with my physics colleagues,
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제 λ™λ£Œ λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλ“€κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜
04:47
we realized there actually is a particular wavelength of ultraviolet light
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저흰 μžμ™Έμ„ μ—λŠ” νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 파μž₯이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
04:53
that should kill all bacteria,
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이것은 λͺ¨λ“  λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό μ£½μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
04:56
but should be safe for human exposure.
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μΈμ²΄μ—λŠ” λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄λ„ μ•ˆμ „ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œκ²Œ 됐죠
04:58
That wavelength is called far-UVC light,
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κ·Έ 파μž₯을 κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ΄λΌκ³  λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:02
and it's just the short-wavelength part of the ultraviolet spectrum.
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μžμ™Έμ„ μ˜ μŠ€νŽ™νŠΈλŸΌμ—μ„œλ„ λ‹¨νŒŒμž₯ μ˜μ—­μ— μ†ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:07
So let's see how that would work.
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그럼 이게 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³΄μ‹œμ£ 
05:10
What you're seeing here is the surface of our skin,
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μ—¬κΈ° λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 것이 우리 μΈκ°„μ˜ ν‘œν”Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:14
and I'm going to superimpose on that some bacteria in the air above the skin.
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그리고 ν”ΌλΆ€ μœ„μ˜ 곡기 쀑에 μ•½κ°„μ˜ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό 겹쳐놓을 텐데
05:19
Now we're going to see what happens
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이제 톡상 μ“°λŠ”
05:21
when conventional, germicidal, ultraviolet light impinges on this.
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μ‚΄κ· μš© μžμ™Έμ„ μ„ 쬐면 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ”μ§€ λ³ΌκΉŒμš”
05:27
So what you see is,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ»˜μ„œ λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” 것은
05:28
as we know, germicidal light is really good at killing bacteria,
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λ‹€λ“€ μ•„μ‹œλ“― μ‚΄κ· μš© μžμ™Έμ„ μ€ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό μ£½μ΄λŠ” 건 잘 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
05:34
but what you also see
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λ˜ν•œ 보싀 수 μžˆλ“―μ΄
05:35
is that it penetrates into the upper layers of our skin,
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ν”ΌλΆ€μ˜ μƒν”ΌμΈ΅μœΌλ‘œ 뚫고 λ“€μ–΄μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:38
and it can damage those key cells in our skin
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그러면 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ ν”ΌλΆ€ 세포가 파괴되고
05:41
which ultimately, when damaged, can lead to skin cancer.
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파괴 되면 κ²°κ΅­ ν”ΌλΆ€μ•”κΉŒμ§€ 생길 수 있죠
05:46
So let's compare now with far-UVC light --
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이제 κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ κ³Ό 비ꡐ해 λ³ΌκΉŒμš”
05:48
same situation,
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같은 μ‘°κ±΄μ—μ„œ
05:50
skin and some bacteria in the air above them.
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피뢀와 κ·Έ μœ„ 곡기에 λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„κ°€ μ•½κ°„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:54
So what you're seeing now
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μ§€κΈˆ λ³΄μ‹œλŠ” μž₯면은
05:55
is that again, far-UVC light's perfectly fine at killing bacteria,
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ν•œ 번 더 κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ΄ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό λ‹€ μ£½μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
06:00
but what far-UVC light can't do is penetrate into our skin.
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κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ€ ν”ΌλΆ€ μ•ˆμœΌλ‘œ μΉ¨νˆ¬ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:05
And there's a good, solid physics reason for that:
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—” νƒ„νƒ„ν•œ 물리학적 이둠이 있죠
06:08
far-UVC light is incredibly, strongly absorbed by all biological materials,
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κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ€ λͺ¨λ“  생체 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ— λ†€λΌμšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ 잘 ν‘μˆ˜λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:13
so it simply can't go very far.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλƒ₯ 멀리 가지 λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:16
Now, viruses and bacteria are really, really, really small,
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이제 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€μ™€ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ•„μ£Ό μ•„μ£Ό μ•„μ£Ό μž‘μ€λ°
06:20
so the far-UVC light can certainly penetrate them and kill them,
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κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ€ ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 이듀을 뚫고 λ“€μ–΄κ°€ 죽일 수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
06:25
but what it can't do is penetrate into skin,
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ν”ΌλΆ€μ—λŠ” μΉ¨νˆ¬ν•  μˆ˜κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:28
and it can't even penetrate the dead-cell area
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μ‹¬μ§€μ–΄λŠ” ν”ΌλΆ€μ˜ λ°”λ‘œ ν‘œλ©΄μ— 자리 μž‘μ€
06:31
right at the very surface of our skin.
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죽은 세포 μ˜μ—­λ„ νˆ¬κ³Όν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:33
So far-UVC light should be able to kill bacteria,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ€ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό 죽일 수 μžˆλŠ”λ°
06:40
but kill them safely.
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그것도 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μ£½μ΄λŠ” κ±°μ£ 
06:43
So that's the theory.
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이건 μ΄λ‘ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:44
It should work, should be safe.
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νš¨κ³Όλ„ μžˆμ„ ν…Œκ³  μ•ˆμ „λ„ ν•  ν…Œμ§€λ§Œ
06:47
What about in practice?
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œλŠ” μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš”?
06:49
Does it really work?
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μ •λ§λ‘œ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
06:50
Is it really safe?
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μ •λ§λ‘œ μ•ˆμ „ν• κΉŒμš”?
06:52
So that's actually what our lab has been working on
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저희 연ꡬ싀이 μ‹€μ œ μ§€λ‚œ 5~6λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ
06:55
the past five or six years,
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λ°”λ‘œ 이걸 μ•Œμ•„ 보고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:57
and I'm delighted to say the answer to both these questions
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그리고 이 두 λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 닡을 였늘 기쁜 마음으둜 μ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:00
is an emphatic yes.
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μ™„μ „ κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:01
Yes, it does work,
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예, μ‹€μ œλ‘œ νš¨κ³Όκ°€ 있고
07:02
but yes, it is safe.
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그리고 예, μ•ˆμ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:04
So I'm delighted to say that,
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정말 기쁜 마음으둜 μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦¬κ³  μžˆμ§€λ§Œ
07:06
but actually I'm not very surprised to say that,
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사싀 이게 μ•„μ£Ό λ†€λΌμš΄ 일은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:08
because it's purely the laws of physics at work.
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이건 μˆœμ „νžˆ 물리 이둠이 μ œλŒ€λ‘œ μž‘λ™ν•˜λŠ” 것 λΏμ΄λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”
07:13
So let's look to the future.
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그럼 미래λ₯Ό ν•œ 번 μ˜ˆμƒν•΄ 보죠
07:16
I'm thrilled that we now have a completely new weapon,
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μ €λŠ” μ§€κΈˆ μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έμ™€μ˜ ν•œ 판 μ „μŸμ— μ“Έ
07:21
and I should say an inexpensive weapon,
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ 신무기λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•œ 게 μ•„λ‹Œκ°€ ν₯λΆ„λ˜λŠ”λ°
07:25
in our fight against superbugs.
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그것도 μ•„μ£Ό μ €λ ΄ν•˜κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν•˜μ£ 
07:28
For example,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
07:29
I see far-UVC lights in surgical theaters.
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μˆ˜μˆ λ°©μ—μ„œ κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ„ μ“Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:33
I see far-UVC lights in food preparation areas.
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μ‹ν’ˆ 쑰리 κ³΅κ°„μ—μ„œλ„ κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ„ μ“Έ κ±°κ΅¬μš”
07:38
And in terms of preventing the spread of viruses,
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그리고 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 확산을 λ°©μ§€ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
07:40
I see far-UVC lights in schools,
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ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œλ„ κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ„ μ“Έ κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:44
preventing the spread of influenza,
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독감이 νΌμ§€λŠ” 것을 막을 수 있고
07:46
preventing the spread of measles,
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홍역도 μ˜ˆλ°©ν•  수 있죠
07:48
and I see far-UVC lights in airports or airplanes,
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κ³΅ν•­μ΄λ‚˜ λΉ„ν–‰κΈ° μ•ˆμ—μ„œλ„ κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ„ μ“Έ 텐데
07:52
preventing the global spread of viruses like H1N1 virus.
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μ‘°λ₯˜λ…감 λ°”μ΄λŸ¬μŠ€ 같은 게 μ „μ„Έκ³„λ‘œ νΌμ§€λŠ” κ±Έ 막을 수 있죠
07:58
So back to my friend Paul Rice.
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제 친ꡬ인 폴 λΌμ΄μŠ€μ—κ²Œ λ‹€μ‹œ κ°€ 보죠
08:00
He was actually a well-known and well-loved local politician
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폴은 사싀 μ œλ²• 유λͺ…ν•˜κ³  μ œλ²• 인기가 있던
08:04
in his and my hometown of Liverpool,
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저희 κ³ ν–₯ λ¦¬λ²„ν’€μ˜ μ •μΉ˜μΈμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:06
and they put up a statue in his memory in the center of Liverpool,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ¦¬λ²„ν’€μ‹œ 쀑앙에 κ·Έλ₯Ό κΈ°λ¦¬λŠ” 동상을 μ„Έμ› λŠ”λ°
08:11
and there it is.
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μ €κΈ° μžˆλ„€μš”
08:12
But me,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ „
08:14
I want Paul's legacy to be a major advance in this war against superbugs.
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μŠˆνΌλ²„κ·Έμ™€μ˜ μ „μŸμ—μ„œ κ±°λ‘” μ€‘μš”ν•œ 진전이 폴의 μœ μ‚°μ΄μ—ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:20
Armed with the power of light,
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λΉ›μ˜ 힘으둜 무μž₯ν•΄μ„œμš”.
08:22
that's actually within our grasp.
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이건 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 닿을 λ§Œν•œ 거리에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:25
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:26
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:31
Chris Anderson: Stay up here, David, I've got a question for you.
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크리슀 μ•€λ”μŠ¨: 잠깐만 κ³„μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”? λ°μ΄λΉ„λ“œ, λͺ‡ 가지 질문이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:34
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:37
David, tell us where you're up to in developing this,
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λ°μ΄λΉ„λ“œ, 이게 κ°œλ°œλ‹¨κ³„μ˜ μ–΄λŠ 정도에 와 있고
08:41
and what are the remaining obstacles to trying to roll out
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μΆœμ‹œλ˜μ„œ κΏˆμ„ μ΄λ£¨λŠ”λ° 남은 어렀움은 μ–΄λ–€ 게 μžˆλŠ”μ§€
08:44
and realize this dream?
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μ–˜κΈ° μ’€ ν•΄μ£Όμ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
08:46
David Brenner: Well, I think we now know that it kills all bacteria,
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λ°μ΄λΉ„λ“œ λΈŒλ ˆλ„ˆ: 음, κ·Ήμžμ™Έμ„ μ΄ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ₯Ό μ£½μΈλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ 이젠 μ•Œμ§€λ§Œ
08:49
but we sort of knew that before we started,
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이건 μ‹€ν—˜ν•˜κΈ° 전에도 μ•Œμ•˜λ‹€κ³  ν•  수 μžˆλŠ”λ°
08:51
but we certainly tested that.
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ ν™•μ‹€ν•˜κ²Œ μ‹€ν—˜μœΌλ‘œ μž…μ¦ν•œ κ±°μ£ 
08:54
So we have to do lots and lots of tests about safety,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ•ˆμ •μ„±κ³Ό κ΄€λ ¨ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ μ•„μ£Ό μ•„μ£Ό 많이 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
08:56
and so it's more about safety than it is about efficacy.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆκΉŒ νš¨κ³Όλ³΄λ‹€ μ•ˆμ „μ„± 문제라고 λ΄μ•Όκ² λ„€μš”
09:00
And we need to do short-term tests,
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단기 μ‹€ν—˜λ„ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ 
09:03
and we need to do long-term tests
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λ˜ν•œ μž₯κΈ°κ°„μ˜ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ κ±°μ³μ„œ
09:05
to make sure you can't develop melanoma many years on.
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λͺ‡ 년이 μ§€λ‚˜λ„ 흑색쒅이 생기지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ 확인해야죠
09:09
So those studies are pretty well done at this point.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό μˆœνƒ„ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:13
The FDA of course is something we have to deal with,
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λ¬Όλ‘  μ—°λ°©μ‹ν’ˆμ•ˆμ „μ²­ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
09:19
and rightly so,
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이건 λ‹Ήμ—°ν•œ 게
09:20
because we certainly can't use this in the real world without FDA approval.
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μ‹μ•½μ²­μ˜ μŠΉμΈμ—†μ΄λŠ” 이걸 μ‹€μƒν™œμ— μ“Έ 수 μ—†κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ 
09:24
CA: Are you trying to launch first in the US,
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크리슀: λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ λ¨Όμ € λ°œλ§€ν•˜μ‹€ κ±΄κ°€μš”?
09:27
or somewhere else?
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λ‹€λ₯Έ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ?
09:29
DB: Actually, in a couple of countries.
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λ°μ΄λΉ„λ“œ: μ‹€μ œ 두 λ‚˜λΌ 정도λ₯Ό 생각 μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:31
In Japan and in the US, both.
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일본과 λ―Έκ΅­ 두 λ‚˜λΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:35
CA: Have you been able to persuade biologists, doctors,
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크리슀: μƒλ¬Όν•™μžλ‚˜ μ˜μ‚¬λ“€μ—κ²Œ 이게 μ‹€μ œ
09:40
that this is a safe approach?
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μ•ˆμ „ν•œ 방식이라고 ν•˜λ‹ˆ λ­λΌλ˜κ°€μš”?
09:42
DB: Well, as you can imagine, there is a certain skepticism
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λ°μ΄λΉ„λ“œ: κΈ€μŽ„ μ˜ˆμƒν•˜μ‹œκ² μ§€λ§Œ μ•½κ°„μ˜ 회의적으둜 λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”
09:45
because everybody knows that UV light is not safe.
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λͺ¨λ‘λ“€ μžμ™Έμ„ μ΄ μ•ˆμ „ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•„λ‹ˆκΉŒμš”
09:49
So when somebody comes along and says,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚˜
09:51
"Well, this particular UV light is safe,"
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"이 νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μžμ™Έμ„ μ€ μ•ˆμ „ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€"라고 ν•˜λ©΄
09:55
there is a barrier to be crossed,
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κ·Έλ•ŒλΆ€ν„° 벽이 생기죠
09:56
but the data are there,
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ 데이터가 μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒ
09:58
and I think that's what we're going to be standing on.
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제 생각엔 μ•žμœΌλ‘œλ„ 그걸둜 섀득할 μƒκ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:02
CA: Well, we wish you well.
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크리슀: λ„€, 일이 잘 λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹κ² κ΅°μš”
10:04
This is potentially such important work.
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μž μž¬μ„±μ΄ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 연ꡬ인 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
10:06
Thank you so much for sharing this with us.
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저희와 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄ μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€, λ°μ΄λΉ„λ“œ
10:08
Thank you, David.
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10:09
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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