The unexpected challenges of a country's first election | Philippa Neave

66,301 views ใƒป 2016-11-18

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sooyeon Jung ๊ฒ€ํ† : Gichung Lee
00:12
The great philosopher Aristotle said
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์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒ ํ•™์ž ์•„๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํ…”๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
if something doesn't exist, there's no word for it,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
00:21
and if there's no word for something,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:23
that something doesn't exist.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
00:26
So when we talk about elections,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
00:28
we in established democracies, we know what we're talking about.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
We've got the words. We have the vocabulary.
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์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ . ์–ดํœ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
00:34
We know what a polling station is.
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ํˆฌํ‘œ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ ์š”.
00:36
We know what a ballot paper is.
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ํˆฌํ‘œ ์šฉ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”์ง€๋„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
But what about countries where democracy doesn't exist,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:43
countries where there are no words to describe the concepts
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋’ท๋ฐ›์นจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…๋“ค์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€
00:48
that underpin a democratic society?
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์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
I work in the field of electoral assistance,
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ง€์› ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
so that's to say we assist
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ ํฅ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
00:56
emerging democracies to organize
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์กฐ์งํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๋•๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:58
what is often their first elections.
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01:01
When people ask me what I do,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข…์ข… ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
quite often I get this answer.
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01:05
"Oh, so you're one of these people who goes around the world
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"๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์˜จ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์„œ๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
01:09
imposing Western democracy on countries that can't handle it."
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด๊ตฐ์š”."
01:14
Well, the United Nations does not impose anything on anybody.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”. UN์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
It really doesn't,
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์€ ์—†์ฃ .
01:20
and also, what we do
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๋˜ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€
01:23
is firmly anchored in the 1948 Universal Declaration of Human Rights,
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1948๋…„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ธ๊ถŒ ์„ ์–ธ์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
01:29
Article 21, that says
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ์ œ21์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
01:31
that everybody should have the right to choose who governs them.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:36
So that's the basis of the work.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ผ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
I specialize in public outreach.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณต๋ณด ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
What does that mean? Another jargon.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด๋ƒ๊ณ ์š”? ๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „๋ฌธ์šฉ์–ด๋„ค์š”.
01:42
It actually means designing information campaigns
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ •๋ณด ์ „๋‹ฌ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๊ธฐํšํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ž€ ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
01:46
so that candidates and voters
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์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•ด ๋ณธ ์  ์—†๋Š”
01:49
who have never had the opportunity to participate or to vote
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ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:53
understand where, when, how to register;
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์–ด๋””์„œ, ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
01:57
where, when, how to vote;
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์–ด๋””์„œ, ์–ธ์ œ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
01:59
why, why it is important to take part.
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์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
So I'll probably devise a specific campaign to reach out to women
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ๋„ ๊ธฐํš์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
to make sure that they can take part,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:09
that they can be part of the process.
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๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:11
Young people as well.
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์ Š์€ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ ์š”.
02:13
All sorts of people.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค
02:14
Handicapped people.
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์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ ์š”.
02:15
We try to reach everybody.
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๋ชจ๋‘์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋ ค ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ฃ .
02:18
And it's not always easy, because very often in this work,
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์ด๊ฑด ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ณด๋ฉด
02:22
I've noticed now over the years that I've been doing it
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์ˆ˜๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด ์ผ์— ์ข…์‚ฌํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:25
that words are lacking,
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๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
and so what do you do?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
02:30
Afghanistan.
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์•„ํ”„๊ฐ€๋‹ˆ์Šคํƒ„์„ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
02:32
It's a country with high levels of illiteracy,
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๋ฌธ๋งน๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
and the thing about that was, it was in 2005,
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๊ทธ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ . 2005๋…„์˜ ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
02:38
and we organized two elections on the same day.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‚ ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
The reason was because the logistics are so incredibly difficult,
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๋ฌผ์ž ์กฐ๋‹ฌ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ ค์›Œ์„œ
02:46
it seemed to be more efficient to do that.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํšจ์œจ์ ์ด์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
02:49
It was,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:50
but on the other hand, explaining two elections instead of one
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ํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
02:54
was even more complicated.
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๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
So we used a lot of images,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:58
and when it came to the actual ballot,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์‹ค์ œ ํˆฌํ‘œ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
we had problems, because so many people wanted to take part,
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
03:05
we had 300 candidates for 52 seats
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ํ•˜์› ์˜์›์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ์‹œ ์ง€๋ฅด๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
03:10
in the Wolesi Jirga, which is the parliamentary elections.
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์˜์„์€ 52์„์ธ๋ฐ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ 300๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:14
And for the Provincial Council, we had even more candidates.
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์ฃผ ์˜ํšŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ›„๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
We had 330 for 54 seats.
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54๊ฐœ ์˜์„์— ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋Š” 330๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:20
So talking about ballot design,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ณด๋‹ˆ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์šฉ์ง€ ๋””์ž์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด..
03:23
this is what the ballot looked like.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํˆฌํ‘œ ์šฉ์ง€์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
03:27
It's the size of a newspaper.
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์‹ ๋ฌธ๋งŒํผ ํฌ์ฃ .
03:29
This was the Wolesi Jirga ballot --
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ์‹œ ์ง€๋ฅด๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œ์šฉ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:32
Yeah, and --
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
03:35
this was the Provincial Council ballot.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ฃผ ์˜ํšŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์šฉ ํˆฌํ‘œ ์šฉ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Even more.
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๋” ํฌ์ฃ .
03:40
So you see, we did use a lot of symbols and things like that.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ญ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
And we had other problems in Southern Sudan.
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๋‚จ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Southern Sudan was a very different story.
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๋‚จ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ๋‹ฌ๋ž๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:53
We had so many people who had never, of course, voted,
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์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํˆฌํ‘œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Œ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก ์ด๊ณ 
03:56
but we had extremely, extremely high levels of illiteracy,
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์ •๋ง, ์•„์ฃผ ๊ทน์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ๋งน๋ฅ ์ด ๋†’์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
very, very poor infrastructure.
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋„ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ถ€์กฑํ–ˆ์ฃ .
04:02
For example -- I mean, it's a country the size of Texas, more or less.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํ…์‚ฌ์Šค ์ •๋„ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
04:07
We had seven kilometers of paved roads,
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ํฌ์žฅ๋œ ๋„๋กœ๊ฐ€ 7 km์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
seven kilometers in the whole country,
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๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ„ธ์–ด 7 km์ธ๋ฐ
04:13
and that includes the tarmac where we landed the planes
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๊ทธ๋งˆ์ €๋„ ์ฃผ๋ฐ” ๊ณตํ•ญ์˜ ํ™œ์ฃผ๋กœ ํฌ์žฅ๊นŒ์ง€ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ธธ์ด์˜€์ฃ .
04:16
in Juba Airport.
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04:18
So transporting electoral materials, etc.,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๋ฌผ์ž ๋“ฑ์˜ ์ˆ˜์†ก์ด ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ์–ด๋ ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
is exceedingly difficult.
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04:23
People had no idea about what a box looked like.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•จ์ด ๋ญ”์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ž์–ด์š”.
04:28
It was very complicated,
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:30
so using verbal communication was obviously the way to go,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ธ์–ด์  ์†Œํ†ต์ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:34
but there were 132 languages.
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์ˆ˜๋‹จ์—๋Š” 132๊ฐœ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
04:38
So that was extremely challenging.
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์ •๋ง ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋„์ „์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:42
Then I arrived in Tunisia in 2011.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” 2011๋…„์— ํŠ€๋‹ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
It was the Arab Spring.
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'์•„๋ž์˜ ๋ด„' ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:48
A huge amount of hope was generated by that enormous movement
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์ง€์—ญ ์ „๋ฐ˜์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™” ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
04:52
that was going on in the region.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํฌ๋ง์˜ ๋ฌผ๊ฒฐ์ด ์ผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
There was Libya, there was Egypt, there was Yemen.
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๋ฆฌ๋น„์•„, ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ, ์˜ˆ๋ฉ˜๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜€์ฃ .
04:57
It was an enormous, enormous historical moment.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
And I was sitting with the election commission,
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์œ„์›ํšŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
05:02
and we were talking about various aspects of the election,
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์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
and I was hearing them using words that I hadn't actually heard before,
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜ˆ์ „์—” ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:09
and I'd worked with Iraqis, I'd worked with Jordanians, Egyptians,
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์ด๋ผํฌ, ์š”๋ฅด๋‹จ, ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ์ผํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:14
and suddenly they were using these words,
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:16
and I just thought, "This is strange."
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ฃ , "์ด๊ฑฐ ์ด์ƒํ•œ๋ฐ."
05:18
And what really gave rise to it was this word "observer."
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ณ„๊ธฐ๋Š” "์ฐธ๊ด€์ธ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:21
We were discussing election observers,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ฐธ๊ด€์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ† ๋ก ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:23
and the election commissioner was talking about "mulahiz" in Arabic.
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์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์œ„์›์žฅ์ด ์•„๋ž์–ด๋กœ "๋ฌผ๋ผํžˆ์ฆˆ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
This means "to notice" in a passive sort of sense,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ "์•Œ์•„์ฑ„๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
05:32
as in, "I noticed he was wearing a light blue shirt."
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"๋‚œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์ƒ‰ ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์•„์ฑ˜์–ด" ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:36
Did I go and check whether the shirt was light blue or not?
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์ด ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š˜์ƒ‰์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
05:39
That is the role of an election observer.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ฐธ๊ด€์ธ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:41
It's very active, it's governed by all kinds of treaties,
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ ๊ทน์ ์ธ ์—ญํ• ๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์กฐ์•ฝ์— ์˜๊ฑฐํ•ด ๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋˜๋ฉฐ
05:46
and it has got that control function in it.
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๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
05:48
And then I got wind of the fact that in Egypt,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด์ง‘ํŠธ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง๋„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
05:51
they were using this term "mutabiโ€™," which means "to follow."
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"๋ฌดํƒ€๋น„"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ "๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
05:54
So we were now having followers of an election.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:56
So that's not quite right either,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
because there is a term that's already accepted and in use,
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฏธ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
06:02
which was the word "muraqib" which means "a controller."
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"๋ฌด๋ผํ‚ต"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ "๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž"๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
06:05
It's got that notion of control.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ๋… ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋” ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:07
So I thought, three words for one concept. This is not good.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ์„ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ ์ด๊ฑด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:11
And with our colleagues, we thought perhaps it's our role
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €์™€ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:14
to actually help make sure that the words are understood
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์ „๋‹ฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ 
06:18
and actually create a work of reference
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
06:21
that could be used across the Arab region.
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์•„๋ž ์ „์—ญ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
06:24
And that's what we did.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹คํ–‰์— ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
So together with these colleagues,
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
06:27
we launched the "Arabic Lexicon of Electoral Terminology,"
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"์•„๋ž์–ด ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์šฉ์–ด์ง‘" ํŽธ์ฐฌ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
06:31
and we worked in eight different countries.
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8๊ฐœ๊ตญ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
It meant actually defining 481 terms
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:39
which formed the basis of everything you need to know
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์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ด ๋˜๋Š”
06:42
if you're going to organize a democratic election.
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481๊ฐœ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:44
And we defined these terms,
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์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ •์˜ํ•œ ๋’ค์—
06:46
and we worked with the Arab colleagues
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์•„๋ž ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
06:48
and came to an agreement about what would be the appropriate word
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์•„๋ž์–ด๋กœ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ์ง€
06:52
to use in Arabic.
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ํ•ฉ์˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
Because the Arabic language is very rich, and that's part of the problem.
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์•„๋ž์–ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด๋ผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ’€์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ™์ œ์˜€๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
06:57
But there are 22 countries that speak Arabic,
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์•„๋ž์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” 22๊ฐœ๊ตญ์ด
07:00
and they use modern standard Arabic,
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ํ˜„๋Œ€ ํ‘œ์ค€ ์•„๋ž์–ด๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:05
which is the Arabic that is used across the whole region
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์ด๋Š” ์ „ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋‰ด์Šค์™€ ๋ฐฉ์†ก์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€์–ด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
07:08
in newspapers and broadcasts,
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07:11
but of course, then from one country to the next in day to day language and use
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ผ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์–ธ์–ด๋„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:15
it varies -- dialect, colloquialisms, etc.
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์‚ฌํˆฌ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„ ๋“ฑ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์–ด์š”.
07:19
So that was another added layer of complication.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
So in one sense you had the problem
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์–ด์ฐŒ๋ณด๋ฉด ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ๋ฏธ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•จ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธด ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
07:24
that language wasn't fully ripe, if you like,
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07:28
neologisms were coming up, new expressions.
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์‹ ์กฐ์–ด์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
07:31
And so we defined all these terms,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
and then we had eight correspondents in the region.
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์•„๋ž ๊ฐ์ง€์— 8๋ช…์˜ ํ˜„์ง€ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:36
We submitted the draft to them,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ดˆ์•ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํšŒ์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
they responded back to us.
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07:39
"Yes, we understand the definition.
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"๋„ค, ๋ฌด์Šจ ์˜๋ฏธ์ธ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
We agree with it,
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๊ทธ ๋œป์—๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
07:44
but this is what we say in our country."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์š”."
07:47
Because we were not going to harmonize or force harmonization.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ•์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
07:51
We were trying to facilitate understanding among people.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
So in yellow, you see the different expressions in use
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ค‘์ธ
07:59
in the various countries.
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ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
08:02
So this, I'm happy to say, it took three years to produce this
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํŽธ์ฐฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ 3๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
because we also finalized the draft and took it actually into the field,
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์ดˆ์•ˆ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•œ ๋’ค์— ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•ด๋ณด๊ณ 
08:10
sat with the election commissions in all these different countries,
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๊ฐ๊ตญ์˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ์œ„์›ํšŒ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
08:13
debated and defined and refined the draft,
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ํ† ๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋“ฌ๊ณ  ์ •์ œํ•ด์„œ
08:16
and finally published it in November 2014 in Cairo.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด 2014๋…„ 11์›” ์นด์ด๋กœ์—์„œ ์ถœํŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
And it's gone a long way. We published 10,000 copies.
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๋ฐ˜์‘์ด ๊ฝค ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ”์–ด์š”. 1๋งŒ๋ถ€๋‚˜ ์ถœํŒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
08:24
To date, there's about 3,000 downloads off the internet in PDF form.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ PDF ๋ฒ„์ „์ด 3์ฒœ๊ฑด ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
08:29
I heard just recently from a colleague that they've taken it up in Somalia.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋™๋ฃŒ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋“ค์€ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋กœ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ง๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š”๊ตฐ์š”.
08:33
They're going to produce a version of this in Somalia,
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์ด ์šฉ์–ด์ง‘์˜ ์†Œ๋ง๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ด์š”.
08:36
because there's nothing in Somalia at all.
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์†Œ๋ง๋ฆฌ์•„์—๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
08:38
So that's very good to know.
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์ฐธ ๊ธฐ์œ ์†Œ์‹์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
And this newly formed Arab Organization for Electoral Management Bodies,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ถœ๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์•„๋ž ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋Š”
08:46
which is trying to professionalize
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์•„๋ž ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์šด์˜ํ• ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
08:49
how elections are run in the region,
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์ „๋ฌธํ™” ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:51
they're using it as well.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์ด ์šฉ์–ด์ง‘์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
And the Arab League have now built up a pan-Arab observation unit,
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์ตœ๊ทผ ์•„๋ž ์—ฐ๋งน์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฒ”(ๆฑŽ) ์•„๋ž ๊ฐ์‹œ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„
08:59
and they're using it.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
09:00
So that's all really good.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ๋œ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
09:03
However, this work of reference is quite high-pitched.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์šฉ์–ด์ง‘์€ ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
It's complex, and a lot of the terms are quite technical,
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๋งŽ์€ ์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:10
so the average person probably doesn't need to know at least a third of it.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ์€ 3๋ถ„์˜ 1 ์ •๋„๋งŒ ์•Œ์•„๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
But the people of the Middle East
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ค‘๋™์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
09:17
have been deprived of any form of what we know as civic education.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ต์œก์˜ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
It's part of our curriculum at school.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
It doesn't really exist in that part of the world,
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์ค‘๋™์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ต์œก์ด ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
09:27
and I feel it's really the right of everybody
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์ €๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:29
to know how these things work.
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๋ชจ๋‘์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
And it's a good thing to think about producing a work of reference
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ธ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์šฉ์–ด์ง‘์„ ํŽธ์ฐฌํ•˜๊ณ 
09:36
for the average person,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
09:38
and bearing in mind that now
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๊ธฐ์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
09:40
we have a basis to work with,
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๋˜ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ช…์‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:42
but also we have technology,
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์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
so we can reach out using telephone apps,
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ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ ์–ดํ”Œ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ, ์• ๋‹ˆ๋ฉ”์ด์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
09:49
video, animation.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์†Œํ†ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:51
There's all sorts of tools that can be used now
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
09:53
to communicate these ideas to people
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์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
09:56
for the first time in their own language.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
We hear a lot of misery about the Middle East.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ค‘๋™์ด ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„๊ทน์„ ์ „ํ•ด ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
We hear the chaos of war. We hear terrorism.
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์ „์Ÿ์˜ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์ด๋‚˜ ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ ์†Œ์‹์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
10:05
We hear about sectarianism and all this horrible negative news
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์ข…ํŒŒ ๋ถ„์Ÿ ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์†Œ์‹๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:11
that comes to us all the time.
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10:12
What we're not hearing is what are the people, the everyday people, thinking?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์ง€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ๋“ค๋ ค์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
What are they aspiring to?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์—ด๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
10:19
Let's give them the means, let's give them the words.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:24
The silent majority is silent
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์นจ๋ฌตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์นจ๋ฌตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
10:26
because they don't have the words.
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ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
The silent majority needs to know.
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๊ทธ ์นจ๋ฌตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
It is time to provide people with the knowledge tools
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ง€์‹์„ ์Œ“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
10:35
that they can inform themselves with.
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์ง€์‹์˜ ๋„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
The silent majority does not need to be silent.
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์นจ๋ฌตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์นจ๋ฌตํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
Let's help them have a voice.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋„์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
Thank you very much.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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