What if we eliminated one of the world's oldest diseases? | Caroline Harper

81,930 views ใƒป 2018-07-18

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Soobin Ahn ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
I'd like you to imagine, just for a moment,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:16
that your eyelashes grew inwards instead of outwards,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์†๋ˆˆ์น์ด ๋ฐ”๊นฅ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์•ˆ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ž€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
00:21
so that every time you blinked,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊นœ๋ฐ•์ผ ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
00:24
they would scrape the front of your eyeballs,
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์†๋ˆˆ์น์ด ๋ˆˆ์„ ์ฐŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
00:27
damaging the corneas,
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๊ฐ๋ง‰์„ ์†์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ
00:28
so that slowly and painfully, you went blind.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ, ๊ณ ํ†ต์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ฉ€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
Well, that's what happens to a person who has trachoma.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:37
Now, this little boy here, Pamelo, from Zambia, he has trachoma.
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์ž ๋น„์•„์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์†Œ๋…„ ํŒŒ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์•“๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
And if we don't do anything, he's going to go blind.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
Trachoma is a curious disease.
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ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋Š” ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
It's a bacterial infection that's passed from person to person
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐ„์— ์ „์—ผ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ท ๋ณ‘์ด์ฃ .
00:53
and by flies.
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00:55
The repeated infection will scar your eyelids
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๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋œ ๊ฐ์—ผ์€ ๋ˆˆ๊บผํ’€์— ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ 
00:58
so that they contract and they turn inside out.
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๋ณ‘์— ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜์–ด ๋ˆˆ๊บผํ’€์˜ ์•ˆ๋ฐ–์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์–ด ๋†“์ฃ .
01:03
It particularly affects women,
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์ด ๋ณ‘์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ์—ผ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ
01:05
because they have the contact with children.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์ ‘์ด‰์„ ์ž์ฃผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
So what you'll often see in places like Ethiopia
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณณ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด
01:12
are girls who have tweezers like this around their necks,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ชฉ์— ์กฑ์ง‘๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
and they use them to pluck out their eyelashes.
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์†๋ˆˆ์น์„ ๋ฝ‘์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์กฑ์ง‘๊ฒŒ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ณค ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:20
But of course, that only gives them temporary respite,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„, ์ด๊ฑด ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
because they just grow back more vicious than before.
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๊ทธ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ์ง€๋…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์†๋ˆˆ์น์ด ์ž๋ผ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:27
There are around two million people in the world
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ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ์žฅ์• ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•ฝ 2๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
who are blind or visually impaired because of trachoma.
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01:35
And we believe there may be as many as 200 million people
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„
์•ฝ 2์–ต ๋ช…์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
who are at risk.
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01:41
Now, it's a very old disease.
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์ด ๋ณ‘์€ ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋ณ‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
What you can see is a photo of a wall of a tomb in Northern Sudan.
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์ˆ˜๋‹จ ๋ถ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฌด๋ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒฝํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
A colleague and I were traveling in a very remote village,
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์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ์™€ ์™ธ์ง„ ๋งˆ์„์„ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
and we asked an old man to take us down into a little tomb.
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–ด๋Š ๋…ธ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌด๋ค ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
Now, on the wall, we saw two eyes.
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๊ทธ ๋ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
One is crying,
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๊ทธ ๋ˆˆ์€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:01
and you can see there are tweezers next to it.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๊ทธ ์˜†์—๋Š” ์กฑ์ง‘๊ฒŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:04
Simon said to me, "My God, do you think that's trachoma?"
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์‚ฌ์ด๋จผ์€ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ . "์„ธ์ƒ์—, ์ด๊ฑด ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?"
02:08
So we sent this picture to the British Museum,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋Œ€์˜๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๊ณ 
02:11
and they confirmed that, yes, this is trachoma.
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๋Œ€์˜๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์ธํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
So, thousands of years ago,
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์ฆ‰, ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๋…„ ์ „์—๋„
02:17
the ancient Nubians were painting pictures of trachoma
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๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋ˆ„๋น„์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌด๋ค ๋ฒฝํ™”์—
02:21
on the walls of their tomb.
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ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๊ทธ๋ ธ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
And the tragedy is
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„๊ทน์€, ์•„์ง๋„ ์ด ๋ณ‘์€
02:24
that disease is still rampant in that area today.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฑท์žก์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•œ ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:28
And the crazy thing is, we know how to stop it.
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๋” ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ฑด, ์ด ๋ณ‘์„ ์—†์• ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
And what's great is that the trachoma community have all come together
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๋Œ€๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฑด ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:38
to pool their efforts.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ญ‰์ณค๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
We don't compete; we collaborate.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
02:43
I have to tell you, that's not always the case
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์ œ๊ฐ€ NGO ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
02:45
in my experience in the NGO world.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋„ค์š”.
02:50
We've created something
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ
02:51
called the International Coalition for Trachoma Control.
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๊ตญ์ œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And together, we've developed a strategy to fight it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ์™€ ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šธ ์ „๋žต์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:00
This strategy is called the SAFE strategy,
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๊ทธ ์ „๋žต์€ SAFE ์ „๋žต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
and it's been approved by the World Health Organization.
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์ด ์ „๋žต์€ WHO์—์„œ ์Šน์ธ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
The "S" stands for "surgery."
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S๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ (Surgery)์˜ S์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
It's very straightforward procedure
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ˆˆ๊บผํ’€์„ ์›๋ž˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋†“๋Š”
03:12
to turn the eyelids back the right way.
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
We train nurses to do it,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์ˆ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
03:17
and they use local anesthetics.
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๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ตญ์†Œ๋งˆ์ทจ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
And as you can see, you can do it in somebody's front porch, if need be.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜„๊ด€ ์•ž์—์„œ๋„ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
Then "A" stands for "antibiotics."
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A๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ(Antibiotics)์˜ A์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
These are donated by Pfizer,
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ํ™”์ด์ž์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
03:30
who also pay for those drugs to be transported to the port in-country.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ํ•ญ๊ตฌ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ๋„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
From there, they're taken to the villages,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋งˆ์„๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
where hundreds of thousands of community volunteers
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์ง€์—ญ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋งˆ์„์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
03:43
will distribute those drugs to the people.
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๊ทธ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ฃผ์ฃ .
03:47
Now, we train those volunteers,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์„ ๊ต์œก์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
03:50
and we also help the ministries with all that complex logistics.
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๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌผ๋ฅ˜์‹œ์Šคํ…œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
And every one of those volunteers has a pole like this.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
It's called a "dose pole."
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์ด๊ฑด "๋ณต์šฉ๋Ÿ‰ ๋ง‰๋Œ€๊ธฐ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
This one's from Cameroon.
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์ด๊ฑด ์นด๋ฉ”๋ฃฌ์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ฑด๋ฐ
04:04
And you can see it's marked different colors,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋œ ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
and you can tell how many pills you should give somebody,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ํ‚ค์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์•Œ์•ฝ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
04:10
based on how tall they are.
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ํŒ๋‹จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
"F" stands for "face washing."
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F๋Š” "์„ธ์ˆ˜(Face washing)"์˜ F์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Now, we used to have trachoma in the UK and in the US.
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ํ•œ๋•Œ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—๋„ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
In fact, President Carter,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์นดํ„ฐ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€
04:23
he talks about how trachoma was a real problem in Georgia
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์กฐ์ง€์•„์—์„œ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๊ฐ€
04:27
when he was a little boy.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜€๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
And in the UK, the famous eye hospital, Moorfields,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์•ˆ๊ณผ๋ณ‘์›์ธ ๋ฌด์–ดํ•„์ฆˆ๋Š”
04:33
was originally a trachoma hospital.
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์›๋ž˜ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ ๋ณ‘์›์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
What we do is teach kids like this how important it is to wash their faces.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์„ธ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
And finally, "E" stands for "environment,"
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ E๋Š” "ํ™˜๊ฒฝ(Environment)"์˜ E์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
where we help the communities build latrines,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ 
04:48
and we teach them to separate their animals from their living quarters
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๊ฐ€์ถ•๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
in order to reduce the fly population.
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ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ์ฒด ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
04:56
So we know how to tackle the disease.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
But we need to know where it is.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ์ด ๋ณ‘์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
And we do,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
because a few years ago, Sightsavers led an incredible program
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์ „, ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์„ธ์ด๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ
05:07
called the Global Trachoma Mapping Project.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ ์ง€๋„์ œ์ž‘ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
It took us three years,
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” 3๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์ง€๋งŒ
05:13
but we went through 29 countries,
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29๊ฐœ๊ตญ์„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ 
05:16
and we taught local health workers to go district by district,
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์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์˜๋ฃŒ๊ณ„ ์ข…์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์—ญ๊ตฌ์—ญ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ํ•ด์„œ
05:21
and they examined the eyelids of over two and a half million people.
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250๋งŒ ๋ช…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ˆˆ๊บผํ’€์„ ๊ฒ€์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:27
And they used Android phones in order to download the data.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•ˆ๋“œ๋กœ์ด๋“œ ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์„ ์ด์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
And from that, we were able to build a map
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์— ๋ณ‘์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š”
05:34
that showed us where the disease was.
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์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
Now, this is a very high-level map
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๋Š”์ง€
05:39
that shows you which countries had a problem with trachoma.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
And you may ask me, "Well, does this strategy actually work?"
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"์ด๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์‹ค์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
Yes, it does.
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๋„ค, ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
This map shows you the progress that we've made to date.
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ด๋ค„์˜จ ์ง„์ฒ™์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
The green countries believe they've already eliminated trachoma,
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์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ผ๊ณ 
05:56
and they have either been through or are in the process of
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WHO๊ฐ€ ์Šน์ธํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
05:59
having that validated by the WHO.
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์Šน์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
Countries in yellow have the money they need,
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๋…ธ๋ผ์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋งŒํผ ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:05
they have the resources to eliminate trachoma.
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ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์—†์•จ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž์›๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
And some of them are really nearly there.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:11
But the red countries, they don't have enough funding.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ž๊ธˆ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
They cannot eliminate trachoma unless they get more.
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์ž๊ธˆ์„ ๋” ๋ชจ์œผ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
And we're quite concerned, though, that the progress to date may stall.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„์ „์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฑ์ •์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:23
So when we were talking to the Audacious ideas guys,
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"๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ"์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
06:28
we asked ourselves:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:30
If we really, really pushed ourselves over the next four or five years
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ํ–ฅํ›„ 4~5๋…„๊ฐ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง, ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๋ชฐ์•„๋ถ™์ด๊ณ 
06:34
and we had the money,
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์ž๊ธˆ๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:36
what do we think we could achieve?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
06:39
Well, we believe that we can eliminate trachoma
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
in 12 African countries
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์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ 12๊ฐœ๊ตญ๊ณผ
06:47
and across the Americas
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์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ๋Œ€๋ฅ™,
06:50
and all across the Pacific.
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ํƒœํ‰์–‘ ์ „์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:53
And we can make significant progress
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์ง์„ ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
06:56
in two countries which have the highest burden of the disease,
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์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„์™€ ๋‚˜์ด์ง€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ
07:00
which is Ethiopia and Nigeria.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์ง„์ „์„ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
And in doing all of that,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
07:05
we can leverage more than two billion dollars' worth of donated drugs.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ›์€ 20์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์•ฝ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
07:17
Now, this map here shows you the impact that we'll have --
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์ด ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
look how many countries are going green.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ดˆ๋ก์ƒ‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ• ์ง€ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
07:22
And there, you can see progress in Ethiopia and Nigeria.
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์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„์™€ ๋‚˜์ด์ง€๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
Now, yes, there are some countries that are still red.
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๋งž์•„์š”, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋นจ๊ฐ„์ƒ‰์ด์ฃ .
07:28
These are mainly countries which are in conflict --
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์ด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์Ÿ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
places like Yemen, South Sudan -- where it's very difficult to work.
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์˜ˆ๋ฉ˜, ๋‚จ์ˆ˜๋‹จ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ผ์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
07:35
So, we have the team, the strategy and the map.
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์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒ ํŒ€๊ณผ ์ „๋žต, ์ง€๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
And we also have the relationships with the governments
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์™€๋„ ํ˜‘์—…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:44
so that we can make sure that our program is coordinated
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์ €ํฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ณ‘ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ
07:48
with other disease-control programs,
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์กฐ์œจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
so that we can be efficient.
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๋”์šฑ ํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์ฃ .
07:53
Wouldn't it be amazing if we could do this?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:57
We'd have trachoma on the run.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณ„์† ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฒฉํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:59
We would be on the home straight
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•˜๋Š”
08:02
to eliminate this disease from the whole world.
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๋ง‰๋ฐ”์ง€ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
But before I finish, I just want to share with you
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๋งˆ์น˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—, ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์„ธ์ด๋ฒ„์˜ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž์ธ
08:09
some words from the founder of Sightsavers,
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์กด ์œŒ์Šจ ๊ฒฝ์˜ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋„ค์š”.
08:12
a guy called Sir John Wilson.
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08:14
Now, he was blinded at the age of 12.
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๊ทธ๋Š” 12์‚ด ๋•Œ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
And he said,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
"People don't go blind by the million.
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"๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:21
They go blind one by one."
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ํ•œ ๋ช… ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:24
And in the excitement of being able to say
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ
08:27
we've got rid of trachoma for the whole country,
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ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฅ๋ถ„์— ํœฉ์‹ธ์ด๋”๋ผ๋„,
08:30
let's not forget that, actually, this is a devastating disease
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๋ณ‘์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๊ฐœ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํŒŒ๋ฉธ์‹œํ‚ค๋Š”
08:35
that destroys the lives of individual people.
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์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ณ‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ง™์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:39
People like Twiba.
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ํŠธ์™€์ด๋ฐ” ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:40
Now, I met Twiba last year in Tanzania.
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์ž‘๋…„์— ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ํŠธ์™€์ด๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:43
She had had trachoma for as long as she could remember.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์•“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
And a couple of months before I met her, she'd had the operation.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
It's no exaggeration to say
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์ด ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ํ†ต์งธ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋†จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด๋„
08:53
that this had totally transformed her life.
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์ „ํ˜€ ๊ณผ์–ธ์ด ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
We'd saved the sight that she had left, and she was free of pain.
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๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณ ํ†ต์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
She could sleep.
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์ž ์—๋„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:03
She could work, she could socialize.
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์ผ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
And she said to me,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
"I have my life back."
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"์ €๋Š” ์ œ ์‚ถ์„ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ฐ›์•˜์–ด์š”."
09:10
And it was impossible not to be moved by her story.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ๋™๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:14
But there are so many Twibas.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง๋„ ์น˜๋ฃŒ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•  ํŠธ์™€์ด๋ฐ” ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
I want to find all the Twibas,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ํŠธ์™€์ด๋ฐ”๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
09:19
and I don't want anyone to go blind in agony anymore.
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๊ทธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ณ ํ†ต ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‹œ๋ ฅ์„ ์žƒ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
Now, you know, there are so many intractable problems in this world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋Š” ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์ด ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
But this is not one of them.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
This is something that we can solve.
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์ด๊ฑด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:34
And we can ensure
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
09:36
that kids like this can grow up free from the fear of trachoma.
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ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ์˜ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์ž๋ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
So, for the sake of kids like this,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
09:45
and for the sake of people like Twiba,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠธ์™€์ด๋ฐ” ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ,
09:48
let's get rid of trachoma.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํŠธ๋ผ์ฝ”๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ‡ด์น˜ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:52
Do you think we can?
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
09:55
Well, yeah, if we really, really want to.
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๋„ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ, ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
09:58
Yes, we can.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:00
So thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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