Why it's worth listening to people you disagree with | Zachary R. Wood

226,473 views ・ 2018-05-10

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Da Bin No κ²€ν† : TJ Kim
00:14
In 1994,
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1994년에
00:15
Charles Murray and Richard Herrnstein coauthored "The Bell Curve,"
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찰슀 λ¨Έλ ˆμ΄μ™€ λ¦¬μ²˜λ“œ ν—ŒμŠ€ν‹΄μ€ "벨 컀브"λ₯Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ§‘ν•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
an extremely controversial book
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κ±°μ„Ό λ…Όλž€μ„ μΌμœΌν‚¨ 이 책은
00:22
which claims that on average,
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일반적으둜 지λŠ₯이 더 λ†’κ³ 
00:24
some races are smarter and more likely to succeed than others.
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성곡할 κ°€λŠ₯성이 더 λ§Žμ€ 인쒅이 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
Murray and Herrnstein also suggest
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그듀이 또 ν•˜λ‚˜ μ£Όμž₯ν•œ 것은
00:30
that a lack of critical intelligence explains the prominence of violent crime
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μ£Όμš” 지λŠ₯이 κ²°μ—¬λ˜μ–΄ μžˆλŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ λ‚΄ 흑인 λΉˆκ³€μΈ΅μ—μ„œ
κ°•λ ₯ 범죄가 더 많이 μΌμ–΄λ‚œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
in poor African-American communities.
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00:39
But Charles Murray and Richard Herrnstein are not the only people who think this.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이런 생각을 ν•˜λŠ” 건 κ·Έλ“€λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:43
In 2012,
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2012년에
00:45
a writer, journalist and political commentator named John Derbyshire
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μž‘κ°€, μ–Έλ‘ μΈμ΄μž μ •μΉ˜ 평둠가인 μ‘΄ λ”λΉ„μ…”λŠ”
00:49
wrote an article that was supposed to be a non-black version of the talk
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μ •μž‘ ν‘μΈμ˜ μž…μž₯은 λ°°μ œν•œ 그의 글을 톡해
00:54
that many black parents feel they have to give their kids today:
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λ§Žμ€ 흑인 λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ΄ μžμ‹λ“€μ—κ²Œ κΌ­ κ°€λ₯΄μ³μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  λŠλΌλŠ” 건
00:57
advice on how to stay safe.
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μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬λŠ” 법이라고 μ£Όμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
In it, he offered suggestions such as:
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κ·Έ κΈ€μ—μ„œ κ·ΈλŠ” μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
"Do not attend events likely to draw a lot of blacks,"
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"흑인듀이 많이 λͺ¨μ΄λŠ” 행사에 가지 마라."
01:07
"Stay out of heavily black neighborhoods"
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"흑인 밀집 지역은 피해라."
01:09
and "Do not act the Good Samaritan to blacks in distress."
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"곀경에 μ²˜ν•œ 흑인듀을 λ„μš°λ € ν•˜μ§€ 마라."
01:13
And yet, in 2016, I invited John Derbyshire
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κ·ΈλŸΌμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ , 2016년에 μ €λŠ” 그듀을 학ꡐ에 μ΄ˆμ²­ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
as well as Charles Murray
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μ‘΄ 더비셔와 찰슀 λ¨Έλ ˆμ΄μ—κ²Œ 강연을 λΆ€νƒν–ˆμ£ .
01:19
to speak at my school,
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01:21
knowing full well that I would be giving them a platform and attention
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μ œκ°€ κ²½λ©Έν•˜κ³  λ°°μ²™ν•˜λŠ” 견해λ₯Ό 가진 κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ
01:26
for ideas that I despised and rejected.
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κΈ°νšŒμ™€ 관심을 μ œκ³΅ν•  수 있으리라 λ―Ώμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
But this is just a further evolution
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제겐, μ‚Άμ˜ λΆˆνŽΈν•œ 진싀듀을 μ•Œμ•„κ°€λŠ”
01:33
of a journey of uncomfortable learning throughout my life.
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μ„±μž₯ 과정일 λΏμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
When I was 10 years old, my mother was diagnosed with schizophrenia,
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μ œκ°€ 10μ‚΄ λ•Œ, μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” 정신뢄열증을 μ§„λ‹¨λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
a mental illness characterized by mood swings and paranoid delusions.
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μ‹¬ν•œ κ°μ •μ˜ 기볡과 νŽΈμ§‘ 증세λ₯Ό λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ •μ‹  μ§ˆν™˜μ΄μ£ .
01:47
Throughout my life, my mother's rage would turn our small house
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ˜ λΆ„λ…Έκ°€ ν•œλ²ˆ ν­λ°œν•˜λ©΄
μ œκ°€ μ‚΄λ˜ μž‘μ€ 집은 μ§€λ’°λ°­μœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν•˜κ³€ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
into a minefield.
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01:54
Yet, though I feared her rage on a daily basis,
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μ „ 그런 μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ 항상 λ¬΄μ„œμ› μ§€λ§Œ
01:57
I also learned so much from her.
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ‘œλΆ€ν„° 배운 것도 λ§Žμ•˜μ£ .
02:00
Our relationship was complicated and challenging,
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저희 λ‘˜ μ‚¬μ΄λŠ” λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ²Œ μ—‰μΌœμžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
02:05
and at the age of 14, it was decided that I needed to live apart from her.
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μ œκ°€ 14살이 λ˜λ©΄μ„œ, κ²°κ΅­ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ™€ λ–¨μ–΄μ Έ μ‚΄κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
But over the years,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ λͺ‡ 년을 μ§€λ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ
02:13
I've come to appreciate some of the important lessons
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ μ£Όμ‹  μ‚Άμ˜ κ΅ν›ˆλ“€μ˜ μ†Œμ€‘ν•¨μ„ κΉ¨λ‹«κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
my mother taught me about life.
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02:18
She was the first person who spoke to me about learning from the other side.
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μƒλŒ€λ°©μ˜ μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ μƒκ°ν•˜λŠ” 법을 처음 κ°€λ₯΄μ³ μ£Όμ‹  λΆ„μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
02:24
And she, like me, was born and raised
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μ €μ²˜λŸΌ μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλ„ 자유 민주당을 적극 μ§€μ§€ν•˜λŠ”
02:27
in a family of committed liberal democrats.
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κ°€μ •μ—μ„œ λ‚˜κ³  μžλΌμ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:30
Yet, she encouraged me to see the world and the issues our world faces
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κ·ΈλŸ°λ°λ„, 제겐 이 세상과 μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ΄ μ§λ©΄ν•œ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ€
02:34
as complex, controversial and ever-changing.
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λ³΅μž‘ν•˜κ³ , λ…Όλž€μ΄ λŠμ΄μ§€ μ•Šκ³ , 계속 λ³€ν•˜λŠ” 거라고 ν•˜μ…¨μ£ .
02:40
One day, I came across the phrase "affirmative action"
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μ €λŠ” μ–Έμ  κ°€ μš°μ—°νžˆ "μ†Œμˆ˜κ³„ μš°λŒ€ μ •μ±…"μ΄λž€ 말을
02:42
in a book I was reading.
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μ±…μ—μ„œ 보게 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
And when I asked her what the term meant,
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그리고, μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ»˜ κ·Έ 의미λ₯Ό λ¬Όμ–΄λ΄€μ£ .
02:48
she spent what felt like an hour
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ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ μ •λ„μ˜€λ˜ 것 같은데
02:50
giving me a thorough and thoughtful explanation
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ–΄λ¦° 아이도 μ‰½κ²Œ μ•Œμ•„λ“€μ„ 수 μžˆμ„ 만큼
02:52
that would make sense to a small child.
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μžμ„Έν•˜κ³  μΉœμ ˆν•˜κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…ν•΄ μ£Όμ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
She even made the topic sound at least as interesting
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적어도 제 κ΅μˆ˜λ‹˜λ“€ λ§ŒνΌμ΄λ‚˜
02:58
as any of my professors have.
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μž¬λ―Έλ‚˜κ²Œ 말이죠.
03:01
She explained the many reasons why people of various political views
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μ •μΉ˜μ  견해λ₯Ό 가진 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ™œ μ†Œμˆ˜κ³„ μš°λŒ€ 정책을 λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜κΈ°λ„,
03:05
challenge and support affirmative action,
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μ§€μ§€ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λŸ¬ 이유λ₯Ό μ„€λͺ…ν•΄ μ£Όμ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
stressing that, while she strongly supported it herself,
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ†Œμˆ˜κ³„ μš°λŒ€μ •μ±…μ„ 적극 μ§€μ§€ν•œλ‹€κ³ λŠ” ν•˜μ…¨μ§€λ§Œ
03:11
it was important for me to view the issue as a controversial one
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문제λ₯Ό μ°¬λ°˜μ–‘λ‘ μ˜ μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ λ³΄λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ³ 
03:15
with a long history,
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κ·Έ 문제의 였랜 역사와
03:17
a questionable future
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λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ 의문
03:19
and a host of complicating factors.
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그리고 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μš”μ†Œλ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:22
While affirmative action can increase the presence of minorities
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μ†Œμˆ˜κ³„ μš°λŒ€μ •μ±…μ„ 톡해 더 λ§Žμ€ μ†Œμˆ˜μΈμ’…λ“€μ΄
03:26
at elite educational institutions,
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일λ₯˜ κ΅μœ‘κΈ°κ΄€μ— 닀닐 수 μžˆλŠ” λ°˜λ©΄μ—
03:28
she felt that it could also disadvantage hardworking people of different races
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μ’€ 더 λΆ€μœ ν•œ ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ 자라 μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μ‚¬λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μΈμ’…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ”
03:33
from more affluent backgrounds.
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λΆˆκ³΅ν‰ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
My mom wanted me to understand
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ œκ°€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈΈ 바라셨죠.
03:41
that I should never just write off opinions
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λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 의견이라고
03:43
that I disagreed with or disliked,
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λ¬΄μž‘μ • λ¬΄μ‹œν•˜λ©΄ μ•ˆ λœλ‹€κ³  말이죠.
03:46
because there was always something to learn from the perspectives of others,
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항상 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ΄λ“€μ˜ κ΄€μ μ—μ„œλ„ 배울 점이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
even when doing so might be difficult.
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말처럼 쉽진 μ•Šλ”λΌλ„ 말이죠.
03:53
But life at home with my mom
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ™€ μ§‘μ—μ„œ ν•¨κ»˜ν•œ μ‹œκ°„λ§Œμ΄
03:56
was not the only aspect of my journey that has been formative and uncomfortable.
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제 μ„±μž₯기에 영ν–₯을 μ£Όκ³ , 절 λΆˆνŽΈν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆλ˜ 것은 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
In fourth grade, she decided that I should attend a private school
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μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ 4ν•™λ…„ λ•Œ, μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μ €λ₯Ό
04:05
in order to receive the best education possible.
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졜고의 κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받을 수 μžˆλŠ” 사립학ꡐ에 λ³΄λ‚΄μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
As a black student attending predominantly white private schools,
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백인이 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μΈ 사립학ꡐλ₯Ό λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” ν‘μΈμ˜ μž…μž₯μ—μ„œ
04:12
I've encountered attitudes and behaviors that reflected racial stereotypes.
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μ €λŠ” 인쒅 κ°„μ˜ κ³ μ • κ΄€λ…μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λœ νƒœλ„μ™€ 행동을 μ ‘ν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
Several of my friends' parents assumed within minutes of meeting me
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ 제 친ꡬ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜λ“€μ€ μ €λ₯Ό λ§Œλ‚œμ§€ μ–Όλ§ˆ μ•ˆλ˜μ„œ
04:21
that my best skill was playing basketball.
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μ œκ°€ κ°€μž₯ μž˜ν•˜λŠ” 게 농ꡬ일 거라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆμ—ˆμ£ .
04:25
And it really upset me to think that my race made it harder for them
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μ œκ°€ κ°€μž₯ ν™”κ°€ λ‚¬λ˜ 것은, 단지 ν‘μΈμ΄λž€ 이유만으둜
04:28
to see me as a student who loved reading, writing and speaking.
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그듀은 μ €λ₯Ό 읽기, μ“°κΈ°, λ§ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 걸둜 λ³Έλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
04:32
Experiences like this motivated me to work tirelessly
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이런 κ²½ν—˜λ“€μ΄ μ œκ°€ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μ‚΄μ•„μ˜¨ 원동λ ₯이 λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
to disprove what I knew people had assumed.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ„ μž…κ²¬μ„ λ°˜μ¦ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
04:42
My mother even said that, in order to put my best foot forward,
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μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” 또, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ 쒋은 인상을 μ£Όλ €λ©΄
04:46
I had to be patient, alert and excruciatingly well-mannered.
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잘 μ°Έκ³ , κΈ΄μž₯ν•˜κ³ , κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ¬μšΈ μ •λ„λ‘œ 예의 λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ ν–‰λ™ν•˜λΌκ³  ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
To prove that I belonged, I had to show poise and confidence,
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κ·Έλ“€κ³Ό λ™λ“±ν•˜λ‹¨ 것을 보여주기 μœ„ν•΄, μ „ μΉ¨μ°©ν•˜κ³ , μžμ‹ μžˆκ²Œ ν–‰λ™ν•˜κ³ ,
04:54
the ability to speak well and listen closely.
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μœ μ°½ν•˜κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κ³ , κ²½μ²­ν•΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
Only then would my peers see that I deserved to be there
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό λ™λ£Œλ“€λ„ μ €λ₯Ό λ™λ“±ν•˜κ²Œ λŒ€ν•΄μ€¬μœΌλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
05:00
as much as they did.
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05:02
Despite this racial stereotyping and the discomfort I often felt,
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일λ₯˜ 사립학ꡐλ₯Ό λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©° 흑인에 λŒ€ν•œ κ³ μ • 관념과 λΆˆμΎŒκ°μ„ 느끼긴 ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
05:07
the learning I gained from other aspects of being at an elite private school
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세상엔 λ‹€λ₯Έ 면이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œκ²Œ 된 κ²ƒλ§Œ 해도
05:11
were incredibly valuable.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ†Œμ€‘ν•œ κ²½ν—˜μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:14
I was encouraged by my teachers to explore my curiosity,
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제게 용기λ₯Ό μ€€ μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ€ ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ„ 펼치고
05:18
to challenge myself in new ways
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것에 λ„μ „ν•˜κ³ 
05:20
and to deepen my understanding of subjects that fascinated me the most.
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κ°€μž₯ 마음이 λŒλ¦¬λŠ” μ£Όμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 이해λ₯Ό λ„“ν˜€ 보라고 λ§μ”€ν•˜μ…¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:26
And going to college was the next step.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μŒμœΌλ‘œ λŒ€ν•™ μƒν™œμ„ μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμ£ .
05:30
I was excited to take my intellectual drive and interest in the world of ideas
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μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λ‘œ κ°€λ“ν•œ μ„Έμƒμ—μ„œ 지적 μš•κ΅¬μ™€ ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ„ νŽΌμΉœλ‹€λŠ” 것에
05:33
to the next level.
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μ „ μ•„μ£Ό λ“€λ–  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:35
I was eager to engage in lively debate with peers and professors
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ν•™μš°λ“€, κ΅μˆ˜λ‹˜λ“€, 초청 κ°•μ—°μžλ“€κ³Ό
05:40
and with outside speakers;
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ν™œλ°œν•˜κ²Œ 토둠을 ν•˜κ³ 
05:42
to listen, to learn and gain a deeper understanding of myself
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λ“£κ³ , λ°°μš°λ©΄μ„œ 제 μžμ‹ κ³Ό 타인에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해λ₯Ό
05:46
and of others.
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λ„“νžˆκ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμ£ .
05:48
While I was fortunate to meet peers and professors
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운 μ’‹κ²Œλ„ λœ»μ„ κ°™μ΄ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μš°λ“€κ³Ό
05:51
who were interested in doing the same thing,
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κ΅μˆ˜λ‹˜λ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚  수 μžˆμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
05:54
my desire to engage with difficult ideas was also met with resistance.
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닀루기 κ³€λž€ν•œ μ£Όμ œλ“€μ— κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜κ³ ν”ˆ 제 열망은 벽에 λΆ€λ”ͺμΉ˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:00
To prepare myself to engage with controversy in the real world,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  λ…Όλž€μ΄ 되고 μžˆλŠ” 것듀에 κ΄€μ—¬ν•  μ€€λΉ„λ₯Ό ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄
06:05
I joined a group that brought controversial speakers to campus.
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μ €λŠ” λ…Όλž€μ„ μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ” 인물듀을 학ꡐ에 μ΄ˆμ²­ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨μž„에 μ°Έμ—¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
But many people fiercely opposed this group,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 이 λͺ¨μž„을 격렬히 λΉ„λ‚œν–ˆκ³ 
06:12
and I received significant pushback
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μ € λ˜ν•œ μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ°˜λ°œμ„ μ‚¬κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:14
from students, faculty and my administration.
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학생, ꡐ수, 학ꡐ ν–‰μ •μ²˜ λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œμ„œ 말이죠.
06:20
For many, it was difficult to see
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“  μΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:23
how bringing controversial speakers to campus could be valuable,
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μ‚¬νšŒμ— ν•΄λ₯Ό λΌμΉ˜λŠ” λ…Όλž€μ˜ 인물듀을 학ꡐ에 μ΄ˆμ²­ν•˜λŠ” 것이
06:26
when they caused harm.
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무슨 κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ μžˆλƒλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
06:28
And it was disappointing to me facing personal attacks,
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그리고 μ‹€λ§μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œλ„ μ €λŠ” 인신곡격을 λ°›μ•˜κ³ 
06:32
having my administration cancel speakers
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ν•™κ΅μ—μ„œλŠ” 강연을 μ·¨μ†Œν–ˆκ³ 
06:34
and hearing my intentions distorted by those around me.
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제 μ˜λ„λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ— μ˜ν•΄ μ™œκ³‘λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:39
My work also hurt the feelings of many,
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μ œκ°€ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 기뢄을 μƒν•˜κ²Œ ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ
06:42
and I understood that.
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μ „ 잘 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:45
Of course, no one likes being offended,
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λ¬Όλ‘ , λΆˆμΎŒκ°μ„ μ¦κΈ°λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ—†κ² μ£ .
06:47
and I certainly don't like hearing controversial speakers
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μ € λ˜ν•œ λ…Όλž€μ„ μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ” μ΄λ“€μ˜ μ£Όμž₯은 λ“£κ³  싢지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
argue that feminism has become a war against men
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νŽ˜λ―Έλ‹ˆμ¦˜μ€ λ‚¨μ„±κ³Όμ˜ μ „μŸμ΄λΌλ“ μ§€
06:54
or that blacks have lower IQs than whites.
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백인보닀 ν‘μΈμ˜ 지λŠ₯이 λ–¨μ–΄μ§„λ‹€λŠ” μ£Όμž₯λ“€ 말이죠.
06:57
I also understand
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그리고 저도 잘 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:59
that some people have experienced traumatic experiences in their lives.
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μ–΄λ–€ 이듀은 μ‚΄λ©΄μ„œ 정신적 좩격을 κ²ͺ기도 ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ„μš”.
07:05
And for some, listening to offensive views
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또 μ–΄λ–€ 이듀에겐 λΆˆμΎŒν•œ 견해λ₯Ό λ“£λŠ” κ²ƒλ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„
07:08
can be like reliving the very traumas that they've worked so hard to overcome.
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κ·Ήλ³΅ν•˜λ €κ³  λΆ€λ‹¨νžˆ λ…Έλ ₯ν–ˆλ˜ κ·Έ 고톡을 λ‹€μ‹œ λŠλΌλŠ” 것과 κ°™λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμ„μš”.
07:13
Many argue that by giving these people a platform,
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λ…Όλž€μ„ μΌμœΌν‚€λŠ” μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ¬΄λŒ€λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” 것은
07:16
you're doing more harm than good,
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λ°±ν•΄λ¬΄μ΅ν•˜λ‹€κ³  λ‹€λ“€ λ§ν•˜μ£ .
07:18
and I'm reminded of this every time I listen to these points of view
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λ…Όλž€μ΄ λ§Žμ€ 견해λ₯Ό μ ‘ν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ μ € λ˜ν•œ 이 말에 κ³΅κ°ν•˜κ³ 
07:22
and feel my stomach turn.
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속이 뒀틀리기도 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:25
Yet, tuning out opposing viewpoints doesn't make them go away,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ¬΄μ‹œν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ λ°˜λŒ€ μž…μž₯이 μ‚¬λΌμ§€λŠ” 건 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
because millions of people agree with them.
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그에 λ™μ‘°ν•˜λŠ” 수백만 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
07:31
In order to understand the potential of society
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진보λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ μ‚¬νšŒμ  잠재λ ₯을
07:33
to progress forward,
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μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λ©΄
07:35
we need to understand the counterforces.
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λ°˜λŒ€ μ„Έλ ₯에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해도 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:39
By engaging with controversial and offensive ideas,
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λ…Όλž€μ΄ 되고 λͺ¨μš•μ μΈ 견해라도 그것에 κ΄€μ—¬ν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨
07:43
I believe that we can find common ground,
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곡톡점을 찾을 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ €λŠ” λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
if not with the speakers themselves,
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κ·Έ λ…Όλž€μ˜ κ°•μ—°μžλ“€μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλ„
07:49
then with the audiences they may attract or indoctrinate.
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κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ§€λ£Œλκ±°λ‚˜ μ„Έλ‡Œλœ μ²­μ€‘λ“€μ—κ²Œμ„œ 찾을 수 있겠죠.
07:53
Through engaging, I believe that we may reach a better understanding,
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κ΄€μ—¬λ₯Ό 톡해 더 κΉŠμ€ 성찰을 ν•  수 있고
07:58
a deeper understanding,
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우리 슀슀둜의 λ―ΏμŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ
08:00
of our own beliefs
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보닀 κΉŠμ€ 이해가 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ©°
08:01
and preserve the ability to solve problems,
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문제 ν•΄κ²°μ˜ λŠ₯λ ₯을 μœ μ§€ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:05
which we can't do if we don't talk to each other
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μ„œλ‘œ μ†Œν†΅ν•˜κ³  κ²½μ²­ν•˜λŠ” λ…Έλ ₯이 μ—†λ‹€λ©΄
08:08
and make an effort to be good listeners.
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그런 일은 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ°°μ£ .
08:12
But soon after I announced
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그런데 μ˜ˆμ •λΌ 있던
08:13
that John Derbyshire would be speaking on campus,
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μ‘΄ λ”λΉ„μ…”μ˜ ꡐ내 강연을 κ³΅μ§€ν•œ 지 μ–Όλ§ˆ μ•ˆλ˜μ„œ
08:16
student backlash erupted on social media.
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μ†Œμ…œ λ―Έλ””μ–΄λ₯Ό 톡해 ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ 반발이 μŸμ•„μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
The tide of resistance, in fact, was so intense,
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 저항이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ κ±°μ„Έμ„œ
08:22
that my college president rescinded the invitation.
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ν•™μž₯λ‹˜μ€ κ²°κ΅­ 강연을 μ·¨μ†Œν•˜κ³  λ§μ•˜μ£ .
08:25
I was deeply disappointed by this because, as I saw it,
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μ œκ°€ 크게 μ‹€λ§ν–ˆλ˜ μ΄μœ λŠ”
μ €λ‚˜ 제 ν•™μš°λ“€μ΄λ‚˜ 이런 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ 막기 μœ„ν•΄
08:28
there would be nothing that any of my peers or I could do
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08:32
to silence someone who agreed with him
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ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 일이 없을 것 κ°™μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:34
in the office environment of our future employers.
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미래의 직μž₯μ—μ„œ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 일듀을 κ²ͺ게 λœλ‹€ 해도 말이죠.
08:38
I look out at what's happening on college campuses,
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λŒ€ν•™κ°€μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 일듀을 μžμ„Ένžˆ λ“€μ—¬λ‹€ 보면
08:41
and I see the anger.
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ν•™μƒλ“€μ˜ λΆ„λ…Έλ₯Ό λŠλ‚„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
And I get it.
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μ „ μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:44
But what I wish I could tell people is that it's worth the discomfort,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ œκ°€ ν•˜κ³  싢은 말은
λΆˆμΎŒν•˜λ”λΌλ„ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 말에 κ·€λ₯Ό κΈ°μšΈμ—¬ λ³Ό κ°€μΉ˜κ°€ 있고
08:48
it's worth listening,
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08:49
and that we're stronger, not weaker, because of it.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ©΄μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 였히렀 νž˜μ„ λ”ν•˜κ²Œ λœλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:54
When I think about my experiences with uncomfortable learning,
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λΆˆνŽΈν•¨ 속에 μ–»κ²Œ 된 κ²½ν—˜λ“€μ„
08:59
and I reflect upon them,
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돌이켜 λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ
09:02
I've found that it's been very difficult to change the values
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μ œκ°€ 속해 있던 지적 κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ˜ κ°€μΉ˜κ΄€μ„ λ°”κΎΈλŠ” 것은
09:06
of the intellectual community that I've been a part of.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ–΄λ ΅λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
But I do feel a sense of hope
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆ„λͺ… 희망은 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:12
when I think about the individual interactions that I've been able to have
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일을 μ§€μ§€ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜κ³ , κ·Έ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ³€λž€μ„ κ²ͺ기도 ν•˜κ³ 
09:15
with students who both support the work that I'm doing
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또 λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•˜λŠ” ν•™μƒλ“€κ³Όμ˜
09:18
and who feel challenged by it and who do not support it.
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κ°œλ³„μ  μ†Œν†΅μ„ μƒκ°ν•˜λ©΄ 말이죠.
09:23
What I've found is that,
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μ œκ°€ 깨달은 것은
09:24
while it can be difficult to change the values of a community,
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ν•œ μ§‘λ‹¨μ˜ κ°€μΉ˜κ΄€μ€ λ°”κΎΈκΈ° μ–΄λ ΅μ§€λ§Œ
09:27
we can gain a lot from individual interactions.
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κ°œλ³„μ  μ†Œν†΅μ„ 톡해 λ§Žμ€ 것을 얻을 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:31
While I didn't get to engage with John Derbyshire
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μ‘΄ λ”λΉ„μ…”μ˜ 강연이 μ·¨μ†Œλ˜κ³ 
09:34
due to my president's disinvitation,
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μ „ 그와 λ§ˆμ£Όν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
09:36
I was able to have dinner with Charles Murray before his talk.
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찰슀 λ¨Έλ ˆμ΄μ™€λŠ” κ°•μ—° 전에 저녁 식사λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
I knew the conversation would be difficult.
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μ „ κ·Έμ™€μ˜ λŒ€ν™”κ°€ νž˜λ“€ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν–ˆκ³ 
09:44
And I didn't expect it to be pleasant.
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즐거울 κ±°λž€ κΈ°λŒ€λ„ ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μ£ .
09:47
But it was cordial, and I did gain a deeper understanding of his arguments.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λŒ€ν™”λŠ” ν™”κΈ°μ• μ• ν–ˆκ³  μ „ κ·Έλ₯Ό μ’€ 더 이해할 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:53
I found that he, like me, believed in creating a more just society.
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그도 μ €μ²˜λŸΌ 더 μ •μ˜λ‘œμš΄ μ‚¬νšŒλ₯Ό μ›ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ•Œκ²Œ 됐죠.
09:58
The thing is, his understanding of what justice entailed
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사싀, μ •μ˜λ‘œλΆ€ν„° κ΅¬ν˜„λ˜λŠ” 것듀에 λŒ€ν•œ 그의 생각은
10:02
was very different from my own.
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저와 맀우 λ‹¬λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
The way in which he wanted to understand the issue,
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κ·Έ 문제λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 그의 방식과
10:07
the way in which he wanted to approach the issue of inequality
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λΆˆν‰λ“±μ˜ λ¬Έμ œμ— μ ‘κ·Όν•˜λŠ” 그의 방식 λ˜ν•œ
10:10
also differed from my own.
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μ €μ™€λŠ” λ‹¬λžμ£ .
10:12
And I found that his understanding of issues like welfare
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또 μ œκ°€ μ•Œκ²Œ 된 건
볡지와 μ†Œμˆ˜κ³„ μš°λŒ€ 같은 정책듀이
10:15
and affirmative action
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10:17
was tied and deeply rooted
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우리 μ‚¬νšŒ 속에 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μž…μ§€λ₯Ό μ’Œμ§€μš°μ§€ν•˜λŠ”
10:19
in his understanding of various libertarian and conservative beliefs,
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μ˜¨κ°– μžμœ μ£Όμ˜μ™€ 보수주의 사상에 깊이 뿌리 λ°•ν˜€ μžˆλ‹€κ³ 
10:23
what diminishes and increases their presence in our society.
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:27
While he expressed his viewpoints eloquently,
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κ·ΈλŠ” 거침없이 μžμ‹ μ˜ 생각을 λ§ν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ
10:30
I remained thoroughly unconvinced.
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μ €λŠ” μ „ν˜€ λ‚©λ“ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:32
But I did walk away with a deeper understanding.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ²°κ΅­ μ €λŠ” 보닀 κΉŠμ€ 이해λ₯Ό κ°–κ³  자리λ₯Ό λ‚˜μ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:36
It's my belief
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제 λ―ΏμŒμ€
10:39
that to achieve progress in the face of adversity,
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이런 어렀움 μ†μ—μ„œλ„ λ°œμ „ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„ 
10:43
we need a genuine commitment
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인간을 보닀 깊이 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λŠ”
10:46
to gaining a deeper understanding of humanity.
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진심 μ–΄λ¦° λ…Έλ ₯이 ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:50
I'd like to see a world with more leaders
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μ „ 세상에 더 λ§Žμ€ μ§€λ„μžλ“€μ΄
10:52
who are familiar with the depths of the views
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그듀이 κ°•λ ₯히 λ°˜λŒ€ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 생각 λ˜ν•œ
10:54
of those they deeply disagree with,
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잘 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:58
so that they can understand the nuances of everyone they're representing.
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κ·Έλž˜μ•Ό 그듀이 λŒ€ν‘œν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ λ―Έλ¬˜ν•œ 차이λ₯Ό 이해할 수 μžˆμ„ ν…Œλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
11:03
I see this as an ongoing process involving constant learning,
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이것은 아직 μ§€μ†μ μœΌλ‘œ ꡐ윑이 ν•„μš”ν•œ 진행 과정에 있고
11:07
and I'm confident that I'll be able to add value down the line
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저도 μ–Έμ  κ°€λŠ” 그에 κΈ°μ—¬ν•  것을 μžμ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:11
if I continue building empathy and understanding
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μƒμ†Œν•œ 관점듀에 λŒ€ν•œ κ΄€μ—¬λ₯Ό 톡해
11:13
through engaging with unfamiliar perspectives.
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이해와 κ³΅κ°λŒ€λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ κ°€λ©΄μ„œ 말이죠.
11:16
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:17
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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