What does the universe sound like? A musical tour | Matt Russo

147,117 views ใƒป 2018-11-09

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Saerom Yu ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
I'd like you all to close your eyes, please ...
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ฐ๊ณ 
00:17
and imagine yourself sitting in the middle of a large, open field
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ํ•ด ์งˆ ๋ฌด๋ ต์— ๋„“๊ณ  ํƒ ํŠธ์ธ ๋“คํŒ์—
00:21
with the sun setting on your right.
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์•‰์•„์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:24
And as the sun sets,
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ํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฉด
00:25
imagine that tonight you don't just see the stars appear,
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ๋ณ„์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
00:28
but you're able to hear the stars appear
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์€ ๋ณ„์ด ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:30
with the brightest stars being the loudest notes
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐ์€ ๋ณ„์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ 
00:33
and the hotter, bluer stars producing the higher-pitched notes.
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๋ณ„์˜ ์˜จ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’๊ณ  ํŒŒ๋ž€ ๋น›์„ ๋จ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋†’์€ ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
00:37
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
00:59
And since each constellation is made up of different types of stars,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ณ„์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ธฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ„๋“ค๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด
01:03
they'll each produce their own unique melody,
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๋ณ„์ž๋ฆฌ๋งˆ๋‹ค ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์„ ์œจ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
such as Aries, the ram.
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์–‘์ž๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ ์œจ์„ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
01:11
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
01:13
Or Orion, the hunter.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—” ์˜ค๋ฆฌ์˜จ์ž๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:15
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
01:19
Or even Taurus, the bull.
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ํ™ฉ์†Œ์ž๋ฆฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ์š”.
01:20
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
01:26
We live in a musical universe,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋Š” ์Œ์•…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
and we can use that to experience it from a new perspective,
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์ด ์Œ์•…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒˆ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ 
01:32
and to share that perspective with a wider range of people.
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๊ทธ ๊ด€์ ์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Let me show you what I mean.
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์ง์ ‘ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
(Music ends)
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(์Œ์•… ๋)
01:38
Now, when I tell people I'm an astrophysicist,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
01:41
they're usually pretty impressed.
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๋งŽ์ด๋“ค ๋†€๋ผ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
And then I say I'm also a musician -- they're like, "Yeah, we know."
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์Œ์•…๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด '๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:45
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:46
So everyone seems to know
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์ฆ‰, ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
01:48
that there's this deep connection between music and astronomy.
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์Œ์•…๊ณผ ์ฒœ์ฒด ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌํ•™์ด ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:51
And it's actually a very old idea;
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์€
01:52
it goes back over 2,000 years to Pythagoras.
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2000๋…„ ์ „ ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์ œ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
You might remember Pythagoras from such theorems
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ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฑด
01:58
as the Pythagorean theorem --
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์•„๋งˆ ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค ์ •๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์ง€์š”.
02:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:01
And he said:
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ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค์—๊ฒŒ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
02:03
"There is geometry in the humming of the strings,
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'ํ˜„์˜ ๋–จ๋ฆผ์— ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ด ์žˆ๊ณ '
02:06
there is music in the spacing of the spheres."
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'์ฒœ์ฒด์˜ ์šดํ–‰์— ์Œ์•…์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
And so he literally thought
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์ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
that the motions of the planets along the celestial sphere
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์ฒœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
02:12
created harmonious music.
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์กฐํ™”๋กœ์šด ์Œ์•…์„ ์ฐพ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:15
And if you asked him, "Why don't we hear anything?"
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'์™œ ์•„๋ฌด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ฃ ?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:17
he'd say you can't hear it
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๋ชป ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
02:18
because you don't know what it's like to not hear it;
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๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฐ–์— ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ •์ ์„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์„œ๋ผ๊ณ 
02:21
you don't know what true silence is.
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๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:23
It's like how you have to wait for your power to go out
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์ „๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ์•ผ
02:25
to hear how annoying your refrigerator was.
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๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
02:28
Maybe you buy that,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ˆ ๋ฏฟ์œผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
02:29
but not everybody else was buying it, including such names as Aristotle.
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๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š” ์•„๋ฆฌ์Šคํ† ํ…”๋ ˆ์Šค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
02:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:37
Exact words.
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์ •๋ง์ด์—์š”.
02:38
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:39
So I'll paraphrase his exact words.
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์ •๋ง ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ธ์šฉํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
02:41
He said it's a nice idea,
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
02:42
but if something as large and vast as the heavens themselves
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ด‘ํ™œํ•œ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€
02:45
were moving and making sounds,
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์›€์ง์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:47
it wouldn't just be audible,
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์ž˜ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:48
it would be earth-shatteringly loud.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ฉ์ผ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
We exist, therefore there is no music of the spheres.
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์ง€๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉธ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋‹ˆ ์ฒœ์ฒด์˜ ์Œ์•…์€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ 
02:55
He also thought that the brain's only purpose was to cool down the blood,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‡Œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด ํ˜ˆ์•ก์ˆœํ™˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ ๋„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‹ˆ
02:59
so there's that ...
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์‹ ๋ด‰ํ•˜์ง„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ ์š”.
03:00
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:01
But I'd like to show you that in some way they were actually both right.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ฃผ์žฅ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์˜ณ์€๋ฐ์š”.
03:05
And we're going to start by understanding what makes music musical.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์Œ์•…์„ ์Œ์•…์ ์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋จผ์ € ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
It may sound like a silly question,
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์–ด์ด์—†๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๊ฐ™์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
03:12
but have you ever wondered why it is
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์™œ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์Œ๋“ค์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
03:13
that certain notes, when played together, sound relatively pleasing or consonant,
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๋น„๊ต์  ๋” ์กฐํ™”๋กœ์šด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
03:18
such as these two --
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์ด ๋‘ ์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:19
(Music)
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(์—ฐ์ฃผ)
03:22
while others are a lot more tense or dissonant,
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๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:24
such as these two.
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์ด ๋‘ ์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
03:26
(Music)
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(์—ฐ์ฃผ)
03:28
Right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
03:29
Why is that? Why are there notes at all?
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์™œ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์™œ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๊ณ 
03:31
Why can you be in or out of tune?
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์Œ์ •์ด ๋งž์„ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:33
Well, the answer to that question
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋งž๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹ต์€
03:35
was actually solved by Pythagoras himself.
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ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค ๋ณธ์ธ์ด ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
Take a look at the string on the far left.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์™ผ์ชฝ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
03:43
If you bow that string,
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์ด ์ค„์„ ์ง„๋™์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด
03:45
it will produce a note as it oscillates very fast back and forth.
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์•ž๋’ค๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
(Musical note)
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(์Œ์•… ์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
03:52
But now if you cut the string in half, you'll get two strings,
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์ด ์ค„์„ ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋ฉด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ค„์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
03:55
each oscillating twice as fast.
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๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ง„๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
And that will produce a related note.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•œ ์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด์ฃ .
04:00
Or three times as fast,
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์„ธ ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:03
or four times --
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๋„ค ๋ฐฐ๋กœ ์ง„๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด...
04:04
(Musical notes)
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(์Œ์•… ์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
04:11
And so the secret to musical harmony really is simple ratios:
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ํ™”์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋น„๋ฐ€์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋น„์œจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
the simpler the ratio,
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๋น„์œจ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก
04:17
the more pleasing or consonant those two notes will sound together.
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๋‘ ์Œ์ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ณ 
04:20
And the more complex the ratio, the more dissonant they will sound.
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๋น„์œจ์ด ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณต์žกํ• ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ์ด ๋˜์ง€์š”.
04:23
And it's this interplay between tension and release,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธด์žฅ๊ณผ ์™„ํ™”, ํ™”์Œ๊ณผ ๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜
04:26
or consonance and dissonance,
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์ƒํ˜ธ์ž‘์šฉ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:28
that makes what we call music.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Œ์•…์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
(Music)
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(์—ฐ์ฃผ)
04:46
(Music ends)
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(์—ฐ์ฃผ ๋)
04:47
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:48
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
04:53
But there's more.
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์•„์ง ์•ˆ ๋๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
04:55
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:57
So the two features of music we like to think of as pitch and rhythms,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ์•…์˜ ๋‘ ์š”์†Œ๋Š” ์Œ์ •๊ณผ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
05:01
they're actually two versions of the same thing,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ๋‘˜์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜„์ƒ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:04
and I can show you.
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๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
05:05
(Slow rhythm)
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(๋Š๋ฆฐ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ)
05:06
That's a rhythm right?
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์ด๊ฑด ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์ด์ฃ ?
05:09
Watch what happens when we speed it up.
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์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋” ๋†’์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:11
(Rhythm gets gradually faster)
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(๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์ด ์ ์  ๋นจ๋ผ์ง)
05:14
(High pitch)
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(๋†’์€ ์Œ)
05:18
(Lowering pitch)
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(์Œ์ด ์ ์  ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง)
05:21
(Slow Rhythm)
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(๋Š๋ฆฐ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ)
05:25
So once a rhythm starts happening more than about 20 times per second,
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๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์ด 1์ดˆ์— 20ํšŒ ์ด์ƒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋ฉด
05:28
your brain flips.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ์ฐฉ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
It stops hearing it as a rhythm and starts hearing it as a pitch.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์Œ์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:34
So what does this have to do with astronomy?
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์ด ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ์ฒœ๋ฌธํ•™๊ณผ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:36
Well, that's when we get to the TRAPPIST-1 system.
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
This is an exoplanetary system discovered last February of 2017,
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์ด๋Š” 2017๋…„ 2์›”์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์™ธ ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณ„๋กœ
05:46
and it got everyone excited
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ํฐ ์ด๋ชฉ์„ ๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
because it is seven Earth-sized planets all orbiting a very near red dwarf star.
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์ง€๊ตฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ 7๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๋ถ‰์€์ƒ‰์˜ ์™œ์„ฑ์„ ๊ณต์ „ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์ธ๋ฐ
05:52
And we think that three of the planets
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€
05:54
have the right temperature for liquid water.
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๋ฌผ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ์ฃ .
05:56
It's also so close that in the next few years,
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์ง€๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์„œ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ์•ˆ์—
05:58
we should be able to detect elements in their atmospheres
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์‚ฐ์†Œ๋‚˜ ๋ฉ”ํƒ„์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”์ง€
06:01
such as oxygen and methane -- potential signs of life.
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์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
But one thing about the TRAPPIST system is that it is tiny.
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
So here we have the orbits of the inner rocky planets
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์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌํ˜• ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
06:12
in our solar system:
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06:13
Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars,
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์ˆ˜์„ฑ, ๊ธˆ์„ฑ, ์ง€๊ตฌ, ํ™”์„ฑ ์ˆœ์ด์ฃ .
06:14
and all seven Earth-sized planets of TRAPPIST-1
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ 7๊ฐœ์˜ ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1 ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์€
06:17
are tucked well inside the orbit of Mercury.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์˜ ๊ถค๋„ ์•ˆ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
I have to expand this by 25 times
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1 ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถค๋„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
06:23
for you to see the orbits of the TRAPPIST-1 planets.
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25๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
It's actually much more similar in size to our planet Jupiter and its moons,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์œ„์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถค๋„์™€ ๋” ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
even though it's seven Earth-size planets orbiting a star.
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๋งˆ์น˜ ์ผ๊ณฑ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€๊ตฌ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋งŒํ•œ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๋ณ„์„ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:36
Another reason this got everyone excited was artist renderings like this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€์˜ ์—ฐ์ฃผ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
06:42
You got some liquid water, some ice, maybe some land,
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์•ก์ฒด ์ƒํƒœ์ธ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์–ผ์Œ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์œก์ง€๋„ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
maybe you can go for a dive in this amazing orange sunset.
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๋ถ‰๊ฒŒ ๋…ธ์„์ด ์งˆ ๋ฌด๋ ต์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ์ฆ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
It got everyone excited,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
06:51
and then a few months later, some other papers came out
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ํ›„์— ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
06:54
that said, actually, it probably looks more like this.
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๋” ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋‹ด์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:02
So there were signs
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๋” ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ๋ณด๋‹ˆ
07:04
that some of the surfaces might actually be molten lava
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์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—๋Š” ์šฉ์•”์ด ๋…น์•„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:08
and that there were very damaging X-rays coming from the central star --
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์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ณ„์—์„œ ๋ถ„์ถœ๋˜๋Š” ์œ ๋…ํ•œ ์—‘์Šค์„ ์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ
07:11
X-rays that will sterilize the surface of life and even strip off atmospheres.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋ชจํ™”๋ ๋ฟ๋”๋Ÿฌ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ธต์ด ์†Œ์‹ค๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
Luckily, just a few months ago in 2018,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ ํ›„ 2018๋…„์—
07:19
some new papers came out with more refined measurements,
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๋” ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
and they found actually it does look something like that.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๋งž์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
07:26
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
07:28
So we now know that several of them have huge supplies of water --
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:32
global oceans --
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์—
07:33
and several of them have thick atmospheres,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์ธต์ด ๋‘๊บผ์šด ํ–‰์„ฑ๋„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์•„
07:36
so it's the right place to look for potential life.
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์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
But there's something even more exciting about this system,
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
07:42
especially for me.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ์š”.
07:44
And that's that TRAPPIST-1 is a resonant chain.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์ด ๊ณต๋ช…์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
And so that means for every two orbits of the outer planet,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์™ธ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด ๊ณต์ „ํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
07:51
the next one in orbits three times,
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๊ทธ ์•ˆ์ชฝ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ ์„ธ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต์ „ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
and the next one in four,
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ ํ–‰์„ฑ์€ 4๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ 
07:56
and then six, nine, 15 and 24.
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ 6๋ฐ”ํ€ด, 9๋ฐ”ํ€ด, 15๋ฐ”ํ€ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  24๋ฐ”ํ€ด๋ฅผ ๋Œ์ฃ .
08:01
So you see a lot of very simple ratios among the orbits of these planets.
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์ฆ‰, ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถค๋„์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋น„์œจ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
Clearly, if you speed up their motion, you can get rhythms, right?
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ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋ฉด ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
08:10
One beat, say, for every time a planet goes around.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ํ•œ ๋ฐ”ํ€ด ๋„๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ•œ ๋ฐ•์ž๋กœ ์นœ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
08:12
But now we know if you speed that motion up even more,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ด ์†๋„๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋”
08:15
you'll actually produce musical pitches,
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๋†’์€๋‹ค๋ฉด ์Œ์•…์ ์ธ ์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
and in this case alone,
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„
08:20
those pitches will work together,
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์Œ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ž‘์šฉํ•ด์„œ
08:21
making harmonious, even human-like harmony.
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์กฐํ™”๋กญ๊ณ  ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ฃ .
08:25
So let's hear TRAPPIST-1.
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์„ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
08:28
The first thing you'll hear will be a note for every orbit of each planet,
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์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋“ค์œผ์‹ค ์Œ์€ ๊ฐ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ๊ถค๋„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
and just keep in mind,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋‘์…”์•ผํ•  ๊ฑด,
08:34
this music is coming from the system itself.
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๊ณง ๋“ค์œผ์‹ค ์Œ์•…์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ ๊ถค๋„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
I'm not creating the pitches or rhythms,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
I'm just bringing them into the human hearing range.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์Œ์„ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
08:41
And after all seven planets have entered,
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์ผ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด,
08:43
you're going to see --
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ฒŒ ๋ ,
08:44
well, you're going to hear a drum for every time two planets align.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ํ–‰์„ฑ์ด ์ •๋ ฌ๋  ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋“œ๋Ÿผ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
That's when they kind of get close to each other
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์„œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์กŒ์„ ๋•Œ
08:50
and give each other a gravitational tug.
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์ค‘๋ ฅ์˜ ๋‹น๊น€์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
(Tone)
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(์Œ)
09:05
(Two tones)
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(๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
09:14
(Three tones)
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(์„ธ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
09:22
(Four tones)
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(๋„ค ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
09:29
(Five tones)
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(๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
09:37
(Six tones)
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(์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
09:45
(Seven tones)
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(์ผ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
09:53
(Drum beats)
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(๋“œ๋Ÿผ ๋น„ํŠธ)
10:31
(Music ends)
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(์Œ์•… ์ข…๋ฃŒ)
10:32
And that's the sound of the star itself -- its light converted into sound.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์Œ๋“ค์€ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ๋น›์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
So you may wonder how this is even possible.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
And it's good to think of the analogy of an orchestra.
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์˜ค์ผ€์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ์— ๋น„์œ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
When everyone gets together to start playing in an orchestra,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ์„œ ์˜ค์ผ€์ŠคํŠธ๋ผ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ
10:47
they can't just dive into it, right?
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๋ฌด์ž‘์ • ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
10:49
They have to all get in tune;
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์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
10:50
they have to make sure
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
their instruments resonate with their neighbors' instruments,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์•…๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•…๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ณต๋ช…์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ ,
10:54
and something very similar happened to TRAPPIST-1 early in its existence.
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
10:58
When the planets were first forming,
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๊ทธ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๋•Œ
11:00
they were orbiting within a disc of gas,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์Šค์ธต์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์›๋ฐ˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
and while inside that disc,
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๊ทธ ์›๋ฐ˜ ์•ˆ์—์„œ
11:05
they can actually slide around
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋„๋Ÿฌ์ ธ ๋‚ด๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
11:07
and adjust their orbits to their neighbors
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์›ƒํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ ˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
until they're perfectly in tune.
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์™„๋ฒฝํžˆ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:11
And it's a good thing they did because this system is so compact --
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
a lot of mass in a tight space --
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์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ํƒ€์ดํŠธํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์งˆ๋Ÿ‰์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
if every aspect of their orbits wasn't very finely tuned,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถค๋„๊ฐ€ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ถฐ์ ธ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด,
11:20
they would very quickly disrupt each other's orbits,
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๊ทธ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ํŒŒ๊ดด์‹œ์ผฐ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
destroying the whole system.
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์ „์ฒด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:24
So it's really music that is keeping this system alive --
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ์‚ด์•„ ์›€์ง์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์Œ์•…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
and any of its potential inhabitants.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์•ˆ์— ์ž ์žฌ์  ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๋„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:32
But what does our solar system sound like?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
11:36
I hate to be the one to show you this, but it's not pretty.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์ •๋ง ๋ณ„๋กœ์˜ˆ์š”.
11:39
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:41
So for one thing,
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ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€,
11:43
our solar system is on a much, much larger scale,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
and so to hear all eight planets,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿ๊ฐœ์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
11:47
we have to start with Neptune near the bottom of our hearing range,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฒญ๋ ฅ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ํ•ด์™•์„ฑ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
and then Mercury's going to be all the way up
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์„ฑ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
11:53
near the very top of our hearing range.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฒญ๋ ฅ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
But also, since our planets are not very compact --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ๋ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
11:57
they're very spread out --
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๋งค์šฐ ํผ์ ธ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋„๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
they didn't have to adjust their orbits to each other,
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ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ๊ถค๋„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
so they're kind of just all playing their own random note at random times.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„์˜ ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„ํ•œ ํƒ€์ด๋ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:06
So, I'm sorry, but here it is.
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๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์‹œ์ฃ .
12:09
(Tone)
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(์Œ)
12:11
That's Neptune.
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์ด๊ฑด ํ•ด์™•์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
(Two tones)
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(๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:13
Uranus.
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์ฒœ์™•์„ฑ.
12:15
(Three tones)
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(์„ธ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:17
Saturn.
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ํ† ์„ฑ.
12:18
(Four tones)
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(๋„ค ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:20
Jupiter.
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๋ชฉ์„ฑ.
12:21
And then tucked in, that's Mars.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
(Five tones)
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(๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:24
(Six tones)
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(์—ฌ์„ฏ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:26
Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ.
12:27
(Seven tones)
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(์ผ๊ณฑ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:28
Venus.
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๊ธˆ์„ฑ.
12:30
(Eight tones)
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(์—ฌ๋Ÿ ๊ฐœ ์Œ)
12:31
And that's Mercury --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:33
OK, OK, I'll stop.
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๋„ค,๋„ค, ์ด์ œ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ๊ฒŒ์š”.
12:34
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
12:36
So this was actually Kepler's dream.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๊ฟˆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
Johannes Kepler is the person
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์š”ํ•˜๋„ค์Šค ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๋Š”
12:41
that figured out the laws of planetary motion.
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ํ–‰์„ฑ ์›€์ง์ž„์˜ ๋ฒ•์น™์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ์ธ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
He was completely fascinated by this idea
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์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ์ด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋งค๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
that there's a connection between music, astronomy and geometry.
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์Œ์•…๊ณผ, ์ ์„ฑํ•™, ๊ธฐํ•˜ํ•™์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:49
And so he actually spent an entire book
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:51
just searching for any kind of musical harmony amongst the solar system's planets
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ํƒœ์–‘๊ณ„ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์กฐํ™”๋กœ์šด ์Œ์•…์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
12:56
and it was really, really hard.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
It would have been much easier had he lived on TRAPPIST-1,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ-1์— ์‚ด์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์‰ฌ์› ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
or for that matter ...
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:04
K2-138.
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K2-138.
13:07
This is a new system discovered in January of 2018
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ 2018๋…„ 1์›”์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
with five planets,
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๋‹ค์„ฏ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜ ํ–‰์„ฑ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:12
and just like TRAPPIST,
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:13
early on in their existence, they were all finely tuned.
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์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ ํ–‰์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ •์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
They were actually tuned
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ •๊ตํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด
13:17
into a tuning structure proposed by Pythagoras himself,
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ํ”ผํƒ€๊ณ ๋ผ์Šค์— ์˜ํ•ด์„œ ์ œ์•ˆ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
13:20
over 2,000 years before.
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2,000๋…„๋„ ๋” ์ „์—์š”.
13:23
But the system's actually named after Kepler,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋”ฐ์„œ ์ด๋ฆ„์ง€์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
discovered by the Kepler space telescope.
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์ผ€ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ์šฐ์ฃผ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋–„๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
13:28
And so, in the last few billion years,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ , 10์–ต์—ฌ๋…„ ์ „์—,
13:30
they've actually lost their tuning,
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํšŒ์ „์ด ๋ง์ณ์กŒ์„ ๋–„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
13:32
quite a bit more than TRAPPIST has,
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ํŠธ๋ผํ”ผ์ŠคํŠธ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋”์š”
13:34
and so what we're going to do is go back in time
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ œ์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:37
and imagine what they would've sounded like
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ์„์ง€
13:39
just as they were forming.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋  ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
14:02
(Music)
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(์Œ์•…)
15:20
(Music ends)
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(์Œ์•… ์ข…๋ฃŒ)
15:22
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
15:30
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
Now, you may be wondering: How far does this go?
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์ด์ œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋””๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฑด์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
15:34
How much music actually is out there?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์Œ์•…์ด ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€? ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ถ๊ธˆ์ฆ๋“ค ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
15:37
And that's what I was wondering last fall
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๊ฐ€์„์— ๊ฐ€์กŒ๋˜ ๊ถ๊ธˆ์ฆ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:39
when I was working at U of T's planetarium,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ฒœ์ฒด ํˆฌ์˜๊ด€์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์ฃ .
15:41
and I was contacted by an artist named Robyn Rennie and her daughter Erin.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€ ๋กœ๋นˆ ๋ ˆ๋‹ˆ์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋”ธ ์—๋ฆฐ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
15:46
Robyn loves the night sky,
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๋กœ๋นˆ์€ ๋ฐคํ•˜๋Š˜์€ ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”,
15:48
but she hasn't been able to fully see it for 13 years
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 13๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐคํ•˜๋Š˜์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
15:51
because of vision loss.
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์‹œ๋ ฅ ์†์‹ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:53
And so they wondered if there was anything I could do.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
So I collected all the sounds I could think of from the universe
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
15:59
and packaged them into what became "Our Musical Universe."
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๊ทธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋ชจ์•„ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ"๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:04
This is a sound-based planetarium show
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ์ฒœ์ฒด ํˆฌ์˜๊ด€ ์‡ผ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
exploring the rhythm and harmony of the cosmos.
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์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์กฐํ™”์™€ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
16:10
And Robyn was so moved by this presentation
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๋กœ๋นˆ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ๋™ํ•ด์„œ
16:12
that when she went home,
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ,
16:13
she painted this gorgeous representation of her experience.
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์ด ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
And then I defaced it by putting Jupiter on it for the poster.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด ํฌ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชฉ์„ฑ์„ ๋„ฃ์–ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ง์ณค์ฃ .
16:21
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
16:23
So ...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ...
16:27
in this show, I take people of all vision levels
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์ด ์‡ผ์—์„œ, ์ €๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„ ์—†์ด
16:30
and bring them on an audio tour of the universe,
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์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์—ฌํ–‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:33
from the night sky all the way out to the edge of the observable universe.
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๋ฐค ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์šฐ์ฃผ์˜ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
16:38
But even this is just the start of a musical odyssey
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๋น„๋ก ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ˆˆ๊ณผ ๊ท€๋กœ ์šฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
16:40
to experience the universe with new eyes and with new ears,
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์šฐ์ฃผ ์Œ์•… ์—ฌํ–‰์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋‹จ๊ณ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
16:44
and I hope you'll join me.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:47
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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