How to teach kids to talk about taboo topics | Liz Kleinrock

147,084 views

2019-03-15 ใƒป TED


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How to teach kids to talk about taboo topics | Liz Kleinrock

147,084 views ใƒป 2019-03-15

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: KyoungHwan Oh ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
So, a few years ago,
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๋ช‡๋…„ ์ „ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
I was beginning a new unit on race with my fourth-graders.
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์ €๋Š” 4ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ธ์ข…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฑ•ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:18
And whenever we start a new unit,
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฑ•ํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ• ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:20
I like to begin by having all the students list everything they know about it,
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์ ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
and then we also list questions we have.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค๋„ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:26
And I had the type of moment that every teacher has nightmares about.
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๊ทธ๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
One of my students had just asked the question,
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ํ•™์ƒ ํ•œ๋ช…์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
"Why are some people racist?"
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"์™œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?"
00:36
And another student, let's call her Abby,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•™์ƒ์ด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์• ๋น„๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:39
had just raised her hand and volunteered:
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์†์„ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹ต๋ณ€ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
"Maybe some people don't like black people because their skin is the color of poop."
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"์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰์ด ๋˜ฅ์ƒ‰์ด์–ด์„œ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”"
00:47
Yeah, I know.
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๋„ค, ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:48
So, as if on cue, my entire class exploded.
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๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋ฐ˜์ „์ฒด๊ฐ€ ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์ธ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:53
Half of them immediately started laughing,
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๋ฐ˜์ •๋„์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์›ƒ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
00:55
and the other half started yelling at Abby
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์• ๋น„์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์น˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
and shouting things like,
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
"Oh, my God, you can't say that, that's racist!"
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"๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋ผ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ผ. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ธ์ข… ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด์•ผ!"
01:01
So just take a second to freeze this scene in your mind.
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์ด ์žฅ๋ฉด์„ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋งˆ์Œ์†์— ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:04
There's a class of nine- and ten-year-olds,
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9์‚ด์ด๋‚˜ 10์‚ด ์ •๋„์ธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:07
and half of them are in hysterics
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๋ฐ˜ ์ •๋„์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ์นœ๋“ฏ์ด ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:08
because they think Abby has said something wildly funny,
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์• ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:12
and the other half are yelling at her for saying something offensive.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ฐ˜์€ ์• ๋น„์—๊ฒŒ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋“ฏ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:16
And then you have Abby, sitting there completely bewildered
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•œ ์• ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
01:19
because, in her mind, she doesn't understand the weight of what she said
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด, ์• ๋น„๋Š” ๋ณธ์ธ์ด ํ•œ๋ง์˜ ๊นŠ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:22
and why everybody is reacting this way.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
And then you have me, the teacher,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ต์‚ฌ์ธ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
standing there in the corner, like, about to have a panic attack.
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์ฝ”๋„ˆ์— ์„œ์„œ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๊ณตํ™ฉ๋ฐœ์ž‘์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ฌ๋“ฏํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ์š”.
01:30
So as a classroom teacher,
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๊ณผ๋ชฉ ๋‹ด๋‹น ๊ต์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ
01:32
I have to make split-second decisions all the time.
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์งง์€ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ˆœ๊ฐ„์— ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
And I knew I needed to react, but how?
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์ €๋„ ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:38
Consider your fight-or-flight instincts.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณธ๋Šฅ์ธ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ ๋„ํ”ผ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:42
I could fight by raising my voice and reprimanding her for her words.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†’์—ฌ ์• ๋น„๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
01:47
Or flight -- just change the subject
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ํ˜น์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด์„œ
01:50
and quickly start reaching for another subject,
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์žฌ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
01:52
like anything to get my students' minds off the word "poop."
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์†์—์„œ "๋˜ฅ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ง€์›Œ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
However, as we know, the right thing to do is often not the easy thing to do.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ผ์€ ๋•Œ๋ก  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
And as much as I wanted this moment to be over,
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋๋‚˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๋งŒํผ
02:04
and that I knew both of these options would help me escape the situation,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:08
I knew that this was far too important of a teachable moment to miss.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์ด ๋†“์น˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ต์œก์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž„๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:13
So after standing there for what felt like an eternity,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๊ธธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์„œ์„œ
02:17
I unfroze and I turned to face my class, and I said,
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์ €๋Š” ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ๊นจ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
"Actually, Abby makes a point."
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"์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์• ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด." ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
02:26
And my students kind of looked at each other, all confused.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
And I continued,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:31
"One reason why racism exists
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"์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ  ์ค‘์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š”
02:33
is because people with light skin have looked at people with dark skin
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๋ฐ์€ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋‘์šด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
02:37
and said that their skin was ugly.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ‰ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์•ผ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
And even use this reason as an excuse to dehumanize them.
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"๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์–ด๋‘์šด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ธ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ์–ด.
02:44
And the reason why we're learning about race and racism in the first place
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ข…๊ณผ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
02:47
is to educate ourselves to know better.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์•ผ." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
And to understand why comments like this are hurtful,
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"๋˜ ์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ง๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€,
02:53
and to make sure that people with dark skin
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋‘์šด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
02:55
are always treated with respect and kindness."
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์กด์ค‘์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์šฐ ๋ฐ›์„์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์•ผ."
02:59
Now, this was a truly terrifying teachable moment.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋‘๋ ต์ง€๋งŒ ๊ต์œก์ ์ธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
But as we moved forward in the conversation,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก
03:05
I noticed that both Abby and the rest of the kids
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์ €๋Š” ์• ๋น„์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด
03:08
were still willing to engage.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๊ณ„์† ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•จ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
And as I watched the conversation really marinate with my students,
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ž˜ ์Šค๋ฉฐ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„์š”.
03:13
I began to wonder how many of my students have assumptions just like Abby.
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์ €๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์• ๋น„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
And what happens when those assumptions go unnoticed and unaddressed,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€๋„์š”.
03:22
as they so often do?
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ํ”ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด์š”.
03:25
But first, I think it's important to take a step back
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ์„  ํ•œ๊ฑธ์Œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ด์•ผ ํ• ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
and even consider what makes a topic taboo.
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์™œ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:30
I don't remember receiving an official list of things
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
you're not supposed to talk about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
03:34
But I do remember hearing, over and over, growing up:
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ž๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
there are two things you do not talk about at family get-togethers.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค ๋ชจ์ž„์—์„œ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผํ•  ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
03:41
And those two things are religion and politics.
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๊ทธ ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ข…๊ต์™€ ์ •์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
And I always thought this was very curious
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
because religion and politics often are such huge influencing factors
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ข…๊ต์™€ ์ •์น˜๋Š” ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
03:53
over so many of our identities and beliefs.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ ๋…์— ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
But what makes a topic taboo
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์™œ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
03:59
is that feeling of discomfort that arises when these things come up in conversation.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:04
But some people are extremely fluent in the language of equity,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต์ •ํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ•  ๋ง์ด ๋ฌด์ฒ™ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
while other people fear being PC-shamed
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์น˜์  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฆ„์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์— ์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:12
or that their ignorance will show as soon as they open their mouths.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ž…์„ ์—ด๋ฉด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌด์ง€ํ•จ์ด ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚ ๊นŒ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
But I believe that the first step towards holding conversations
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด์š”.
04:19
about things like equity
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๊ทธ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์ •ํ•จ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š”์š”.
04:20
is to begin by building a common language.
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๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
And that actually starts with destigmatizing topics
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ํ”ผํ•ด์™”๋˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
that are typically deemed taboo.
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๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋“ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Now, conversations around race, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์ธ์ข…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋“ค,
04:31
have their own specific language
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:33
and students need to be fluent in this language
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์–ธ์–ด์— ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
in order to have these conversations.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋“ค์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด์š”.
04:38
Now, schools are often the only place
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ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
where students can feel free and comfortable
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉฐ
04:43
to ask questions and make mistakes.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
04:45
But, unfortunately, not all students feel that sense of security.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Now, I knew that day in front of my fourth-graders
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์ €๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋‚  4ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
04:53
that how I chose to respond could actually have life-long implications
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ‰์ƒ ๊ทธ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฐˆ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
04:57
not only for Abby, but for the rest of the students in my class.
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์• ๋น„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋„์š”.
05:01
If I had brushed her words aside,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์ผ ์• ๋น„์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋„˜๊ฒจ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
05:05
the rest of the class could actually infer that this type of comment is acceptable.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ์• ๋น„์˜ ๋ง ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐœ์–ธ์ด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
05:09
But if I had yelled at Abby
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์ผ ์• ๋น„๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋‚ด๊ณ 
05:12
and embarrassed her in front of all of her friends,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค ์•ž์—์„œ ๋‹นํ™ฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:15
that feeling of shame associated with one of her first conversations on race
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ ์ธ์ข…์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ฐฝํ”ผํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
05:19
could actually prevent her from ever engaging on that topic again.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Now, teaching kids about equity in schools is not teaching them what to think.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์ •ํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:30
It is about giving them the tools and strategies and language
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์ˆ˜๋‹จ๊ณผ ์ „๋žต๊ณผ ์–ธ์–ด,
05:33
and opportunities to practice how to think.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:36
For example, think about how we teach kids how to read.
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์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๋Š” ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜ˆ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
We don't start by giving them books.
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๋จผ์ € ์ฑ…๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฃผ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ฃ .
05:41
We start by breaking down words into letters and sounds
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๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ์ฒ ์ž์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋ฒ•๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
and we encourage them to practice their fluency by reading every single day,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ ์ฝ๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ํ•˜์—ฌ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด ์งˆ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์œ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
with a partner or with their friends.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜์š”.
05:52
And we give them lots of comprehension questions
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ด๋ ฅ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ
05:55
to make sure that they're understanding what they're reading.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:58
And I believe that teaching kids about equity
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์ €๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์ •ํ•จ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋„
06:00
should be approached in the exact same way.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์ ‘๊ทผํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
I like to start by giving my students a survey every year,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งค๋…„ ์ดˆ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:07
about different issues around equity and inclusion.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต์ •ํ•จ๊ณผ ํฌํ•จ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์Šˆ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
And this is a sample survey from one of my kids,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์˜ ํ‘œ๋ณธ ์กฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
06:13
and as you can see, there's some humor in here.
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๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์œ ๋จธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
For under the question, "What is race?"
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"์ธ์ข…(race)์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?" ๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—
06:18
she has written, "When two or more cars, people and animals
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ž์•„์ด๋Š” ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธธ "๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์ฐจ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด"
06:21
run to see who is fastest and who wins."
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"๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๊ธฐ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
However, if you look at her question, "What is racism?"
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„(racism)์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?" ๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด
06:28
it says, "When somebody says or calls someone dark-skinned a mean name."
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"์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰์ด ์–ด๋‘์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ฌ์ˆ ๊ถ‚๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:32
So, she's young, but she's showing that she's beginning to understand.
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด์ œ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
And when we act
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์น˜
06:37
like our students aren't capable of having these conversations,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ• ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:41
we actually do them such a disservice.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๋ผ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
Now, I also know that these types of conversations
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์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋“ค์ด
06:50
can seem really, really intimidating with our students,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‘๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
especially with young learners.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”์š”.
06:55
But I have taught first through fifth grades,
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์ €๋Š” 1ํ•™๋…„ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5ํ•™๋…„์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
06:57
and I can tell you, for example,
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์ €๋Š” ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
that I'm not going to walk into a first-grade classroom
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, 1ํ•™๋…„ ๊ต์‹ค์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ
07:02
and start talking about things like mass incarceration.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
07:05
But even a six-year-old first-grader can understand the difference
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 6์‚ด ์•„์ด๋“ค๋„ ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
between what is fair -- people getting what they need.
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๊ณต์ •ํ•จ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€, ์ฆ‰ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์–ป๋Š”๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
07:15
We identified a lot of these things in class together.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:19
And the difference between fair and equal --
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๊ณต์ •ํ•จ๊ณผ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•จ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
07:22
when everybody gets the same thing,
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
07:24
especially goody bags at birthday parties.
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ƒ์ผํŒŒํ‹ฐ์—์„œ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์„ ๋ฌผ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:27
Now, first-graders can also understand the difference
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1ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:30
between a punishment and a consequence.
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์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ์š”.
07:34
And all of these things are foundational concepts
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
that anyone needs to understand
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋… ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:38
before having a conversation
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”์š”,
07:39
about mass incarceration in the United States.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง„ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
Some people might think that kindergarteners or first-graders
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์œ ์น˜์›์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ 1ํ•™๋…„๋“ค์€
07:45
are too young to have conversations around racism,
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์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
but also tell you that young kids
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์•„์ด๋“ค๋„
07:50
understand that there are many different components
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
that make up our identities
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ณ 
07:54
and how people are similar and different,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ์ง€
07:56
and what it means to have power when other people don't.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ์š”.
08:01
When we have these conversations with students at a young age,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
08:04
it actually takes away some of that taboo feeling
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๊ทธ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
when those topics come up at a later age.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์š”.
08:09
I also know that teaching about these things in schools
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
08:12
can feel like navigating a minefield.
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์ง€๋ขฐ๋ฐญ์„ ํ—ค๋งค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Š๊ปด์ง์„ ์ € ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
For example, what happens if parents or families
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๋งŒ์ผ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด
08:18
aren't on board with having these conversations in schools?
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ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
08:22
But to these people, I can say:
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
these are some examples of things that students have said to me
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์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
08:27
and brought to my attention.
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์ €์˜ ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ๊ฒŒ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
08:29
For example, I had a student come in and whisper to me,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด, ์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ์†์‚ญ์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
08:33
"I've heard all these people use the term LGBTQ,
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"์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด LGBTQ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ์“ฐ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:36
but I don't know what it means and I'm too embarrassed to admit it."
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"์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐฝํ”ผํ•ด์š”". ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
08:40
I had a student come in over a weekend and come up to me and say,
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์ฃผ๋ง์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์™€์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ,
08:44
"You know, I just watched this movie about Australia,
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"ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:47
and it made me wonder if they have racism there, too."
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—๋„ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด์กŒ์–ด์š”". ๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
08:51
And I always want my students to be comfortable having these conversations
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์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
08:55
because when they're comfortable talking about it and asking questions,
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
08:59
they also build comfort in bringing in their own lives and experiences
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์‚ถ๊ณผ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์—์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋‚„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
09:02
in how they relate to these big topics.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํฐ ์ฃผ์ œ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ ‘๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋‚„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
Also, some teachers might be kind of nervous
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์–ด๋–ค ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€ ๊ธด์žฅํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
if a student brings up a topic or asks a question
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๋งŒ์ผ ์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ณ ์™€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
09:11
and they don't know the answer to it.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
But if a student ever brings something to my attention
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ
09:16
and I don't know the answer,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:18
I will always admit it and own it
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
because I'm not going to pretend to be an expert in something
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€์ธ ์ฒ™ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:23
that I don't have experience in or I'm not an authority on.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž˜ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์•ผ๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
That same year, I had a student come in
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ•ด์—, ์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€
09:28
and ask a question about the LGBTQ community.
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LGBT ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
And I just didn't know enough to give them an appropriate answer.
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์ €๋Š” ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์ค„์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์„œ
09:35
So instead, I encouraged that student
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๋Œ€์‹  ๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ์—๊ฒŒ
09:37
to reach out and ask that question to a representative of a nonprofit
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๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๋„๋ก ์ด๋Œ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
who had come to speak to our class about that very same issue.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์Šˆ๋กœ ์ €ํฌ ๊ต์‹ค์— ์™€์„œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:44
When we admit to our students that we don't have all the answers,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ธ์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ,
09:47
not only does it humanize us to them,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
09:50
it also shows them that adults have a long way to go, too,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ธธ์ด ๋ฉ€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
when it comes to learning about issues of equity.
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๊ณต์ •ํ•จ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด์Šˆ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ์š”.
09:56
Now, a little while back, I wrote a lesson about consent.
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ๋™์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
10:01
And, to some people, this was very exciting
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
because I took this topic that seemed very taboo and scary
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ  ๋‘๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํƒํ–ˆ๊ณ 
10:06
and I broke it down into a way that was accessible for young learners.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ• ๋งŒํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
However, to other people,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
10:12
the idea of consent is so strongly tied to sex,
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๋™์˜๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ด ๋˜์–ด์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
10:15
and sex is often considered a taboo subject,
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์„ฑ์€ ํ”ํžˆ ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
10:18
that it made them very uncomfortable.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:20
But my students are third-graders,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ 3ํ•™๋…„์ด๋ฉฐ
10:22
so we're not talking about sex in class.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๋งํ• ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ฃ .
10:25
Rather, I wanted them to understand
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์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์ €๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
that everybody has different physical boundaries
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:29
that make them feel comfortable.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ํŽธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„์š”.
10:31
And the social and emotional intelligence it takes
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์„œ์  ์ง€๋Šฅ ์ฆ‰,
10:34
to read somebody's words and tone and body language
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋ง, ์–ต์–‘, ์‹ ์ฒด์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€
10:37
are skills that often need to be explicitly taught,
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ๋งŒ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
the same way we teach things like reading and math.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฝ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
10:42
And this lesson is not reserved for students of one single demographic.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๊ต์œก์€ ์–ด๋–ค ํ•œ ์ธ์ข…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
Things like questioning and making observations
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:49
and critical thinking
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๋˜ ๋น„ํ‰์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
10:50
are things that any student of any race or ethnicity
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์–ด๋–ค ํ•™์ƒ ์ฆ‰ ์–ด๋–ค ์ธ์ข…, ๋ฏผ์กฑ
10:53
or background or language or income or zip code should be learning in schools.
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ, ์–ธ์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋“, ์ง€์—ญ์— ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
Also, deliberate avoidance of these conversations
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:03
speaks volumes to our students
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑŒ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
because kids notice when their teachers, when their textbooks
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์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ๊ต๊ณผ์„œ์—์„œ
11:10
leave out the voices and experiences of people like women or people of color.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด๋‚˜ ์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข…์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
Silence speaks volumes.
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์นจ๋ฌต์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฑธ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:18
I recently asked my class of third-graders
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ œ ๋ฐ˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ธ 3ํ•™๋…„ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
11:21
what they would say to adults who think they're too young
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์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
to learn about issues of equity.
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๊ณต์ •ํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ์—” ๋„ˆํฌ๋“ค์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฅธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์š”.
11:26
And while this is a small sample of my 25 students,
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๋น„๋ก 25๋ช… ๋ฐ–์— ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ํ‘œ๋ณธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
11:31
all of them agreed
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์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
11:32
that not only are they capable of having these conversations,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
11:35
but they view it, the right to learn it, as a right and not as a privilege.
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๋ณด๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ , ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ ์š”.
11:41
And, in their words:
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ :
11:43
"We're big enough to know about these things
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ๋งŒํผ ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:46
because these problems are happening where we live.
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"์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ "
11:48
And we have the right to talk about them
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"๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:51
because it will be our life in the future."
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"์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ถ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
11:54
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:55
(Applause)
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(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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