Why jobs of the future won't feel like work | David Lee

181,361 views ・ 2017-11-03

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Whayoung Cha κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
So there's a lot of valid concern these days
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μš”μ¦˜ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” λ§Žμ€ 걱정은 κ½€λ‚˜ νƒ€λ‹Ήν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
that our technology is getting so smart
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기술이 점점 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜κ°€ λ°œμ „ν•΄μ„œ
00:17
that we've put ourselves on the path to a jobless future.
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우리 슀슀둜 직업 μ—†λŠ” 미래λ₯Ό 걷게 λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
00:21
And I think the example of a self-driving car
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κ°€μž₯ 단적인 μ˜ˆκ°€
00:23
is actually the easiest one to see.
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μžμœ¨μ£Όν–‰μ°¨λŸ‰μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œκ°€ μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
So these are going to be fantastic for all kinds of different reasons.
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이런 것듀은 μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 이유둜 μ—„μ²­λ‚˜λ‹€κ³  ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
But did you know that "driver" is actually the most common job
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그런데 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ ν˜Ήμ‹œ 'μš΄μ „μ›'이 μ‹€μ œλ‘œ λ―Έκ΅­ 50개 μ£Ό 쀑 29κ°œμ—μ„œ
00:32
in 29 of the 50 US states?
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κ°€μž₯ ν”ν•œ μ§μ—…μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•„μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:34
What's going to happen to these jobs when we're no longer driving our cars
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더 이상 μ°¨λ₯Ό μš΄μ „ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ 이런 직업에 μ–΄λ–€ 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚ κΉŒμš”?
00:38
or cooking our food
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 더이상 μš”λ¦¬λ₯Ό ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
00:39
or even diagnosing our own diseases?
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슀슀둜 μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ μ§„λ‹¨ν•œλ‹€λ©΄μš”?
00:42
Well, a recent study from Forrester Research
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λ―Έκ΅­ ν¬λ ˆμŠ€ν„° μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ˜ 졜근 연ꡬ에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
00:44
goes so far to predict that 25 million jobs
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ν–₯ν›„ 10λ…„ μ•ˆμ— 2천5백만 개 직업이
00:48
might disappear over the next 10 years.
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μ‚¬λΌμ§ˆμ§€ λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
To put that in perspective,
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이것을 잘 생각해보면
00:52
that's three times as many jobs lost in the aftermath of the financial crisis.
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κΈˆμœ΅μœ„κΈ° μ—¬νŒŒλ‘œ 사라진 일자리의 3배에 λ‹¬ν•˜λŠ” 규λͺ¨μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
And it's not just blue-collar jobs that are at risk.
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그리고 μœ„κΈ°μ— μ²˜ν•œ 것은 λΈ”λ£¨μΉΌλŸ¬ μ§μ—…λ§Œμ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
On Wall Street and across Silicon Valley, we are seeing tremendous gains
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μ›”μŠ€νŠΈλ¦¬νŠΈμ™€ μ‹€λ¦¬μ½˜λ°Έλ¦¬μ— 이λ₯΄κΈ°κΉŒμ§€
01:04
in the quality of analysis and decision-making
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λ¨Έμ‹ λŸ¬λ‹(κΈ°κ³„ν•™μŠ΅)으둜 뢄석과 μ˜μ‚¬κ²°μ •μ— μžˆμ–΄
01:07
because of machine learning.
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μ—„μ²­λ‚œ 질적 ν–₯상이 이뀄지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
So even the smartest, highest-paid people will be affected by this change.
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κ°€μž₯ λ˜‘λ˜‘ν•œ, κ³ μ•‘μ—°λ΄‰μžλ“€λ„ 이런 변화에 영ν–₯을 λ°›μ„κ±°λž€ κ±°μ£ .
01:13
What's clear is that no matter what your job is,
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λΆ„λͺ…ν•œ 것은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 직업이 무엇이든 간에
01:16
at least some, if not all of your work,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•˜λŠ” 일의 μ „λΆ€λŠ” 아닐지라도 μ΅œμ†Œν•œ μΌλΆ€λŠ”
01:18
is going to be done by a robot or software in the next few years.
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ν–₯ν›„ λͺ‡ λ…„ μ•ˆμ— λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄λ‚˜ μ†Œν”„νŠΈμ›¨μ–΄λ‘œ λŒ€μ²΄λ  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
And that's exactly why people like Mark Zuckerberg and Bill Gates
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이것이 마크 μ£Όμ»€λ²„κ·Έλ‚˜ 빌 게이츠 같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
01:25
are talking about the need for government-funded minimum income levels.
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μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ§€μ›ν•˜λŠ” μ΅œμ €μ†Œλ“ μˆ˜μ€€μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μ£Όμž₯ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
But if our politicians can't agree on things like health care
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Œμ•½ μ •μΉ˜μΈλ“€μ΄ μ˜λ£Œλ³΄ν—˜μ΄λ‚˜
01:32
or even school lunches,
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심지어 학ꡐ 급식같은 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ™μ˜ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
01:33
I just don't see a path where they'll find consensus
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생애 λ§žμΆ€ν˜• κΈ°λ³Έμ†Œλ“κ°™μ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•˜κ³  λΉ„μš©μ΄ λ“œλŠ” 일에 μžˆμ–΄
01:36
on something as big and as expensive as universal basic life income.
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그듀이 ν•©μ˜μ μ„ μ°ΎκΈ°λž€ μ–΄λ €μ›Œ λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:40
Instead, I think the response needs to be led by us in industry.
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μ €λŠ” λŒ€μ‹  κ·Έ λ°˜μ‘μ„ 우리 산업계가 μ΄λŒμ–΄λ‚΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
We have to recognize the change that's ahead of us
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우리 μ•žμ— 놓인 λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³ 
01:46
and start to design the new kinds of jobs
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 직업을 μ„€κ³„ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
that will still be relevant in the age of robotics.
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λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ μ‹œλŒ€μ—λ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ˜λ―Έμžˆμ„ 직업을 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:52
The good news is that we have faced down and recovered
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쒋은 μ†Œμ‹μ€ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이미 두 μ°¨λ‘€μ˜ λŒ€λŸ‰ 직업 상싀을
01:55
two mass extinctions of jobs before.
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κ²ͺ어보고 νšŒλ³΅ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
From 1870 to 1970,
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1870λ…„λΆ€ν„° 1970λ…„κΉŒμ§€
02:00
the percent of American workers based on farms fell by 90 percent,
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농사일을 ν•˜λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­ λ…Έλ™μžμ˜ μˆ˜λŠ” 90% κ°μ†Œν–ˆκ³ 
02:05
and then again from 1950 to 2010,
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λ‹€μ‹œ 1950λ…„λΆ€ν„° 2010λ…„κΉŒμ§€λŠ”
02:07
the percent of Americans working in factories
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곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜λŠ” λ―Έκ΅­μΈλ“€μ˜ μˆ˜κ°€
02:09
fell by 75 percent.
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75% κ°μ†Œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
The challenge we face this time, however, is one of time.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§€κΈˆ μ‹œμ μ— μ§λ©΄ν•œ κ³Όμ œλŠ” μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
We had a hundred years to move from farms to factories,
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농μž₯μ—μ„œ 곡μž₯으둜 λ„˜μ–΄κ°€λŠ”λ° 100λ…„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ΄ κ±Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:18
and then 60 years to fully build out a service economy.
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μ„œλΉ„μŠ€ 경제λ₯Ό μ΄λ£¨λŠ”λ° λ‹€μ‹œ 60년이 κ±Έλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
The rate of change today
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ 변화속도가 μ‹œμ‚¬ν•˜λŠ” 것은
02:22
suggests that we may only have 10 or 15 years to adjust,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 적응할 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 10λ…„ λ˜λŠ” 15λ…„ 뿐일지 λͺ¨λ₯Έλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
and if we don't react fast enough,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ 빨리 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄
02:27
that means by the time today's elementary-school students
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ˜ μ΄ˆλ“±ν•™κ΅ 학생듀이
02:30
are college-aged,
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λŒ€ν•™μƒμ΄ 될 λ•Œ μ―€μ—λŠ”
02:32
we could be living in a world that's robotic,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μΌμžλ¦¬κ°€ μ—†κ³  μΌμ’…μ˜ μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ 곡황에 빠진
02:34
largely unemployed and stuck in kind of un-great depression.
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λ‘œλ΄‡μ˜ 세계에 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ„μ§€ λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
But I don't think it has to be this way.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” μ΄λŒ€λ‘œκ°€ λ˜μ–΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆλœλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
You see, I work in innovation,
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μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ €λŠ” ν˜μ‹ λΆ€λ¬Έμ—μ„œ μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
and part of my job is to shape how large companies apply new technologies.
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제 업무 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” κ±°λŒ€ 기업듀이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ μš©ν• μ§€ 틀을 μž‘λŠ” 것이죠.
02:48
Certainly some of these technologies
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λΆ„λͺ… 이 κΈ°μˆ λ“€ 쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ”
02:49
are even specifically designed to replace human workers.
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인간 λ…Έλ™μžλ“€μ„ λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ꡬ체적으둜 μ„€κ³„λ˜μ—ˆμ£ .
02:53
But I believe that if we start taking steps right now
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ…Έλ™μ˜ λ³Έμ§ˆμ„ λ°”κΎΈκΈ° μœ„ν•΄
02:56
to change the nature of work,
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μ§€κΈˆ λ‹Ήμž₯ 쑰치λ₯Ό μ·¨ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
02:58
we can not only create environments where people love coming to work
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μΌν•˜λŸ¬ κ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ„ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμ„ 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:02
but also generate the innovation that we need
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기술둜 인해 μ‚¬λΌμ§ˆ 수백만 개의 직업을 λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜λŠ” 데 ν•„μš”ν•œ
03:04
to replace the millions of jobs that will be lost to technology.
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ν˜μ‹ μ„ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
I believe that the key to preventing our jobless future
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직업 μ—†λŠ” 미래λ₯Ό λ°©μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 데 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것은
03:12
is to rediscover what makes us human,
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무엇이 우리λ₯Ό μΈκ°„λ‹΅κ²Œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μž¬λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³ 
03:14
and to create a new generation of human-centered jobs
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 맀일 μ§€λ‹ˆκ³  λ‹€λ‹ˆλŠ” μˆ¨κ²¨μ§„ 재λŠ₯κ³Ό 열정을 마음껏 λ“œλŸ¬λ‚Ό 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
03:17
that allow us to unlock the hidden talents and passions
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인간 μ€‘μ‹¬μ˜ 직업이 μžˆλŠ”
03:20
that we carry with us every day.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‹œλŒ€λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
But first, I think it's important to recognize
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°μ„ , 이 문제λ₯Ό μ•ΌκΈ°ν•œ 것이 우리 μžμ‹ μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을
03:26
that we brought this problem on ourselves.
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μΈμ§€ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
And it's not just because, you know, we are the one building the robots.
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그리고 이것은 단지 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έλ§Œμ΄ μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
But even though most jobs left the factory decades ago,
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μˆ˜μ‹­ λ…„ μ „, λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μΌμžλ¦¬κ°€ 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λΌμ‘ŒμŒμ—λ„
03:35
we still hold on to this factory mindset
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μš°λ¦¬λ‚œ μ—¬μ „νžˆ κ·œκ²©ν™”μ™€ λ‹¨μˆœν™”λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹œν•˜λŠ”
03:37
of standardization and de-skilling.
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이 곡μž₯식 사고방식을 κ³ μˆ˜ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
We still define jobs around procedural tasks
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ 직업을 μ ˆμ°¨μƒμ˜ μ—…λ¬΄λ‘œ μ •μ˜ν•˜κ³ 
03:42
and then pay people for the number of hours that they perform these tasks.
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일을 ν•˜λŠ”λ° μ“΄ μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ³„μ‚°ν•΄μ„œ μˆ˜λ‹Ήμ„ μ§€λΆˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
We've created narrow job definitions
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 계산원, λŒ€μΆœ 심사원 λ˜λŠ” νƒμ‹œμš΄μ „μ‚¬μ²˜λŸΌ
03:48
like cashier, loan processor or taxi driver
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쒁은 의미둜 직업을 μ •μ˜ν•˜κ³ 
03:51
and then asked people to form entire careers
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ 이런 λ‹¨μΌν•œ 업무λ₯Ό μ€‘μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ
03:53
around these singular tasks.
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전체적인 컀리어λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€λ„λ‘ μ’…μš©ν•΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:56
These choices have left us with actually two dangerous side effects.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ„ νƒμœΌλ‘œ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ λΆ€μž‘μš© 두 κ°œκ°€ 생겨났죠.
03:59
The first is that these narrowly defined jobs
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μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 쒁은 κ°œλ…μ˜ 직업듀이
04:02
will be the first to be displaced by robots,
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κ°€μž₯ λ¨Όμ € λ‘œλ΄‡μœΌλ‘œ λŒ€μ²΄λ  κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
because single-task robots are just the easiest kinds to build.
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ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 업무λ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•˜λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ 제일 λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μ‰½κ±°λ“ μš”.
04:08
But second, we have accidentally made it
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 두 번째둜 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λœ»ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ λ‘œλ΄‡μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄
04:11
so that millions of workers around the world
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μ „ 세계 수백만 λͺ…μ˜ λ…Έλ™μžλ“€μ΄
04:13
have unbelievably boring working lives.
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믿을 수 없을 만큼 μ§€λ£¨ν•˜κ²Œ μΌν•˜κ²Œ λλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
04:18
Let's take the example of a call center agent.
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μ½œμ„Όν„° 직원을 예둜 듀어보죠.
04:20
Over the last few decades, we brag about lower operating costs
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μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡ μ‹­ λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μš΄μ˜λΉ„λ₯Ό μ ˆκ°ν•œ 사싀을 μžλž‘ν•΄μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
because we've taken most of the need for brainpower
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인간 지λŠ₯의 ν•„μš”ν•œ 뢀뢄을 κ°€μ Έλ‹€κ°€
04:26
out of the person and put it into the system.
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μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ— λ„£μ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
04:28
For most of their day, they click on screens,
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ μΌκ³Όμ—μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μŠ€ν¬λ¦°μ„ ν΄λ¦­ν•˜κ³ 
04:30
they read scripts.
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슀크립트λ₯Ό 읽죠.
04:33
They act more like machines than humans.
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그듀은 μΈκ°„μ΄λΌκΈ°λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” κΈ°κ³„μ²˜λŸΌ ν–‰λ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:37
And unfortunately, over the next few years,
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그리고 λΆˆν–‰νžˆλ„ ν–₯ν›„ λͺ‡ λ…„ κ°„
04:39
as our technology gets more advanced,
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우리 기술이 점점 더 λ°œμ „ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
04:41
they, along with people like clerks and bookkeepers,
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그듀은 κ³„μ‚°μ›μ΄λ‚˜ νšŒκ³„μž₯λΆ€ λ‹΄λ‹Ήμž 같은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ²˜λŸΌ
04:43
will see the vast majority of their work disappear.
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 일 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ μ‚¬λΌμ§€λŠ” 것을 λͺ©λ„ν•˜κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:47
To counteract this, we have to start creating new jobs
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여기에 λŒ€μ‘ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 직업을 λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:50
that are less centered on the tasks that a person does
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μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν•˜λŠ” μ§λ¬΄μ—λŠ” μ’€ 덜 쀑심을 λ§žμΆ”κ³ 
04:52
and more focused on the skills that a person brings to work.
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λŒ€μ‹  μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 일에 κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ” μ—­λŸ‰μ— μ’€ 더 쀑점을 λ‘λŠ” 직업을 λ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
For example, robots are great at repetitive and constrained work,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, λ‘œλ΄‡μ€ 반볡적이고 얽맀인 일을 μž˜ν•˜μ£ .
04:59
but human beings have an amazing ability
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 인간은 ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ λ³Έ 적 μ—†λŠ”
05:01
to bring together capability with creativity
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λ¬Έμ œμ— μ§λ©΄ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
05:03
when faced with problems that we've never seen before.
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λŠ₯λ ₯κ³Ό 창쑰성을 λ™μ‹œμ— κ°€μ Έμ˜€λŠ” ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ λŠ₯λ ₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:06
It's when every day brings a little bit of a surprise
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ‘œλ΄‡μ΄ μ•„λ‹Œ 인간을 μœ„ν•΄
05:09
that we have designed work for humans
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일을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것이
05:11
and not for robots.
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맀일 μ•½κ°„μ˜ 놀라움을 κ°€μ Έμ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
Our entrepreneurs and engineers already live in this world,
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κΈ°μ—…κ°€λ“€κ³Ό μ—”μ§€λ‹ˆμ–΄λ“€μ€ 이미 이 세계에 μ‚΄κ³  있고
05:16
but so do our nurses and our plumbers
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κ°„ν˜Έμ‚¬, 배관곡, μΉ˜λ£Œμ‚¬λ„
05:19
and our therapists.
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:21
You know, it's the nature of too many companies and organizations
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직원듀을 κ·Έλƒ₯ μΌν„°λ‘œ 였게 ν•΄μ„œ 일을 ν•˜λ„λ‘ ν•˜λŠ” 것은
05:24
to just ask people to come to work and do your job.
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λ§Žμ€ νšŒμ‚¬μ™€ 쑰직의 λ³Έμ„±μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
But if you work is better done by a robot,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ§Œμ•½ 당신이 λ‘œλ΄‡λ³΄λ‹€ 일을 잘 ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
05:30
or your decisions better made by an AI,
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λ˜λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 결정이 AI의 결정보닀 λ‚«λ‹€λ©΄
05:33
what are you supposed to be doing?
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당신은 무엇을 ν•˜κ³  μžˆκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:35
Well, I think for the manager,
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제 생각에 κ΄€λ¦¬μžλ“€μ€
05:38
we need to realistically think about the tasks that will be disappearing
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ν–₯ν›„ λͺ‡ λ…„ κ°„ μ‚¬λΌμ§ˆ 직무에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν˜„μ‹€μ μœΌλ‘œ 생각할 ν•„μš”κ°€
05:41
over the next few years
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μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
and start planning for more meaningful, more valuable work that should replace it.
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또 그것을 λŒ€μ²΄ν• , 더 의미있고 κ°€μΉ˜μžˆλŠ” 일을 κ³„νšν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
We need to create environments
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인간과 λ‘œλ΄‡ λͺ¨λ‘ λ²ˆμ˜ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” ν™˜κ²½μ„
05:48
where both human beings and robots thrive.
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λ§Œλ“€ ν•„μš”κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
I say, let's give more work to the robots,
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μ €λŠ” λ‘œλ΄‡μ—κ²Œ 더 λ§Žμ€ 일을 주자고 μ£Όμž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
and let's start with the work that we absolutely hate doing.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 정말 ν•˜κΈ° 싫은 일뢀터 μ£ΌκΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
05:57
Here, robot,
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자 λ‘œλ΄‡μ•„
05:58
process this painfully idiotic report.
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이 κ³ ν†΅μŠ€λŸ½κ³  바보같은 리포트λ₯Ό μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜λ ΄.
06:00
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:01
And move this box. Thank you.
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그리고 이 λ°•μŠ€ μ’€ μΉ˜μ›Œμ€˜, κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œ.
06:03
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:04
And for the human beings,
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그리고 μ‹œλžŒλ“€μ€
06:06
we should follow the advice from Harry Davis at the University of Chicago.
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μ‹œμΉ΄κ³  λŒ€ν•™ ν•΄λ¦¬μŠ€ λ°μ΄λΉ„μŠ€ ꡐ수의 쑰언을 따라야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:10
He says we have to make it so that people don't leave too much of themselves
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κ·ΈλŠ” μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ„±κ³΅ν•΄μ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 자기 μžμ‹ μ˜ λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ§Žμ€ 뢀뢄을 μ°¨ νŠΈλ ν¬μ—
06:13
in the trunk of their car.
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두지 μ•Šκ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
I mean, human beings are amazing on weekends.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 주말에 ν•˜λŠ” 일을 보면 λ†€λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
Think about the people that you know and what they do on Saturdays.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ•„λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μΌμš”μΌλ§ˆλ‹€ 무엇을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ λ– μ˜¬λ €λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:21
They're artists, carpenters, chefs and athletes.
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그듀은 μ˜ˆμˆ κ°€μ΄μž, λͺ©μˆ˜μ΄κ³ , μš”λ¦¬μ‚¬μ΄μž μš΄λ™μ„ μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
But on Monday, they're back to being Junior HR Specialist
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ›”μš”μΌμ΄λ©΄ 그듀은 μ£Όλ‹ˆμ–΄ 인사 μ „λ¬Έκ°€
06:28
and Systems Analyst 3.
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μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 뢄석가 3으둜 λŒμ•„μ˜€μ£ .
06:30
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
06:34
You know, these narrow job titles not only sound boring,
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이 쒁은 의미의 직책은 λ”°λΆ„ν•˜κ²Œ 듀릴 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
06:38
but they're actually a subtle encouragement
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ κ΅λ¬˜ν•˜κ²Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 일에
06:40
for people to make narrow and boring job contributions.
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μ œν•œμ μ΄κ³  μ§€λ£¨ν•˜κ²Œ μž„ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:43
But I've seen firsthand that when you invite people to be more,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€λ‘œ ν•˜μ—¬κΈˆ μ—­λŸ‰μ„ μ’€ 더 λ°œνœ˜ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄
06:46
they can amaze us with how much more they can be.
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그듀은 더 λ‚˜μ•„μ§€λŠ” λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ λ³΄μ—¬μ€ŒμœΌλ‘œμ¨ 우리λ₯Ό λ†€λΌκ²Œ ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:50
A few years ago, I was working at a large bank
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λͺ‡ λ…„ μ „, μ €λŠ” 큰 μ€ν–‰μ—μ„œ μΌν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
that was trying to bring more innovation into its company culture.
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이 은행은 기업문화에 ν˜μ‹ μ„ μ’€ 더 λΆˆμ–΄λ„£μœΌλ € λ…Έλ ₯ν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
06:55
So my team and I designed a prototyping contest
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 저와 제 νŒ€μ€
06:57
that invited anyone to build anything that they wanted.
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μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것을 무엇이든 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹œμ œν’ˆν™” μ½˜ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈλ₯Ό κΈ°νšν–ˆμ£ .
07:01
We were actually trying to figure out
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μ €ν¬λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ν˜μ‹ μ— λŒ€ν•œ 주된 μž₯벽이
07:03
whether or not the primary limiter to innovation
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아이디어 ν˜Ήμ€ 재λŠ₯의 λΆ€μ‘± λ•Œλ¬ΈμΈμ§€
07:05
was a lack of ideas or a lack of talent,
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μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κ³ μž ν–ˆκ³ 
07:08
and it turns out it was neither one.
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κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” κ·Έ μ–΄λŠ 것도 μ•„λ‹Œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:10
It was an empowerment problem.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” μž„νŒŒμ›Œλ¨ΌνŠΈ(자율ꢌ)μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
And the results of the program were amazing.
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그리고 κ·Έ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ˜ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” 놀라웠죠.
07:16
We started by inviting people to reenvision
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ νŒ€μ— κΈ°μ—¬ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 것이 무엇인지
07:18
what it is they could bring to a team.
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λ‹€μ‹œ 마음 속에 그렀보게 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:20
This contest was not only a chance to build anything that you wanted
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이 μ½˜ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈλŠ” 그듀이 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 무엇이든 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆλŠ” 기회λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν–ˆμ„ 뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
07:24
but also be anything that you wanted.
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무엇이든 그듀이 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ˜λŠ” κΈ°νšŒμ΄κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
07:26
And when people were no longer limited by their day-to-day job titles,
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그리고 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 더이상 μΌμƒμ˜ 직책에 μ œν•œλ°›μ§€ μ•Šμ„ λ•Œ
07:30
they felt free to bring all kinds of different skills and talents
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그듀은 μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ³ μž ν–ˆλ˜ λ¬Έμ œμ— μ˜¨κ°– μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ μ—­λŸ‰κ³Ό 재λŠ₯을
07:33
to the problems that they were trying to solve.
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자유둭게 λ„μž…ν•  수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
07:35
We saw technology people being designers, marketing people being architects,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈ°μˆ ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ””μžμ΄λ„ˆμ΄κ³ , λ§ˆμΌ€νŒ…ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 건좕가이고
07:39
and even finance people showing off their ability to write jokes.
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심지어 재무 μ’…μ‚¬μžλ“€μ΄ 농담을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯을 μžλž‘ν•˜λŠ” 것을 보죠.
07:43
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
07:44
We ran this program twice,
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ 두 번 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:46
and each time more than 400 people brought their unexpected talents to work
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맀번 400λͺ… λ„˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μ˜ˆμƒμΉ˜ λͺ»ν•œ μžμ‹ μ˜ 재λŠ₯을 일에 κ°€μ Έμ™”κ³ 
07:49
and solved problems that they had been wanting to solve for years.
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그듀이 수 λ…„ κ°„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν–ˆλ˜ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν–ˆμ£ .
07:53
Collectively, they created millions of dollars of value,
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총체적으둜 그듀은
07:56
building things like a better touch-tone system for call centers,
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μ’€ 더 λ‚˜μ€ μ½œμ„Όν„°μš© ν„°μΉ˜ν†€ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ
08:00
easier desktop tools for branches
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μ’€ 더 μ‰¬μš΄ μ§€μ μš© λ°μŠ€ν¬νƒ‘ 툴
08:02
and even a thank you card system
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심지어 κ·Όλ‘œμžμ—κ²Œ 기본인 κ°μ‚¬μΉ΄λ“œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ 같은 것을
08:04
that has become a cornerstone of the employee working experience.
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λ§Œλ“¦μœΌλ‘œμ¨ 수백 만 λ‹¬λŸ¬μ˜ κ°€μΉ˜λ₯Ό μ°½μΆœν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:07
Over the course of the eight weeks,
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8μ£Ό κ°„μ˜ μ½”μŠ€λ™μ•ˆ
08:09
people flexed muscles that they never dreamed of using at work.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μžμ‹ λ“€μ΄ μΌν„°μ—μ„œ μ ˆλŒ€ ν™œμš©ν•˜λ¦¬λΌ 생각지 μ•Šμ•˜λ˜ κ·Όμœ‘μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
People learned new skills,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ—­λŸ‰μ„ μŠ΅λ“ν–ˆκ³ 
08:15
they met new people,
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚¬μœΌλ©°
08:18
and at the end, somebody pulled me aside and said,
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ— λͺ‡λͺ‡ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ €λ₯Ό ν•œμͺ½μœΌλ‘œ λ°λ €κ°€μ„œ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν–ˆμ£ .
08:20
"I have to tell you,
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"이 말을 κΌ­ ν•΄μ•Όκ² μ–΄μš”.
08:22
the last few weeks has been one of the most intense,
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μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡ μ£Ό 간은 제 μΈμƒμ—μ„œ κ²½ν—˜ν•œ 것듀 쀑 κ°€μž₯ λΉ‘λΉ‘ν•˜κ³ 
08:25
hardest working experiences of my entire life,
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νž˜λ“  근무 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
08:28
but not one second of it felt like work."
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 쀑 μ–΄λ–€ μˆœκ°„λ„ 일처럼 λŠκ»΄μ§€μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ„€μš”."
08:31
And that's the key.
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이것이 ν•΅μ‹¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:33
For those few weeks, people got to be creators and innovators.
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κ·Έ λͺ‡ μ£Ό λ™μ•ˆ, μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ μ°½μ‘°μžμ™€ ν˜μ‹ κ°€κ°€ λ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν–ˆμ£ .
08:38
They had been dreaming of solutions
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그듀은 μˆ˜λ…„ κ°„ μžμ‹ λ“€μ„ 괴둭힌 λ¬Έμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ
08:40
to problems that had been bugging them for years,
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해결책을 κΏˆκΏ”μ™”κ³ 
08:42
and this was a chance to turn those dreams into a reality.
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이것은 κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ κΏˆμ„ ν˜„μ‹€λ‘œ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κΈ°νšŒμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:46
And that dreaming is an important part of what separates us from machines.
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그리고 κ·Έ κΏˆμ€ μš°λ¦¬μ™€ 기계λ₯Ό κ΅¬λΆ„ν•˜λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•œ λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
For now, our machines do not get frustrated,
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μš°μ„  기계듀은 ν™”λ₯Ό 내지 μ•Šμ£ ,
08:53
they do not get annoyed,
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μ§œμ¦λ‚΄μ§€λ„ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
and they certainly don't imagine.
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그리고 그것듀은 κ²°μ½” 상상을 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ£ .
08:57
But we, as human beings --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 우리 인간듀은
08:59
we feel pain,
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고톡을 느끼고
09:00
we get frustrated.
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μ’Œμ ˆν•˜μ£ .
09:02
And it's when we're most annoyed and most curious
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 문제λ₯Ό νŒŒκ³ λ“€κ³  λ³€ν™”λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“œλŠ” μˆœκ°„μ΄,
09:05
that we're motivated to dig into a problem and create change.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μž₯ μ§œμ¦λ‚˜κ³  또 κ°€μž₯ ν₯λ―Έλ₯Ό λŠλΌλŠ” μˆœκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:09
Our imaginations are the birthplace of new products, new services,
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우리의 상상은 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ œν’ˆκ³Ό μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€, 심지어 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 산업이
09:13
and even new industries.
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νƒœμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” κ³³μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:15
I believe that the jobs of the future
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μ €λŠ” μ•žμœΌλ‘œμ˜ 직업은
09:17
will come from the minds of people
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 뢄석가, 전문가라 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ”
09:18
who today we call analysts and specialists,
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μƒκ°μ—μ„œ λ‚˜μ˜¬ 것이라고 λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:21
but only if we give them the freedom and protection that they need to grow
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ νƒν—˜κ°€μ™€ 발λͺ…κ°€λ‘œ μ„±μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 데
09:25
into becoming explorers and inventors.
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ν•„μš”ν•œ μžμœ μ™€ 보호λ₯Ό 보μž₯ν•  λ•Œλ§Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:28
If we really want to robot-proof our jobs,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ§„μ •μœΌλ‘œ 우리 직업을 λ‘œλ΄‡μœΌλ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
09:30
we, as leaders, need to get out of the mindset
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ¦¬λ”λ‘œμ„œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ—κ²Œ
09:32
of telling people what to do
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무엇을 ν•˜λΌκ³  μ§€μ‹œν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬κ³ λ°©μ‹μ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜
09:34
and instead start asking them what problems they're inspired to solve
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그듀이 ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 무엇인지
09:38
and what talents they want to bring to work.
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그듀이 μΌν„°μ—μ„œ λ°œνœ˜ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 재λŠ₯이 무엇인지 μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:41
Because when you can bring your Saturday self to work on Wednesdays,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ ν† μš”μΌμ˜ λͺ¨μŠ΅μ„ μˆ˜μš”μΌλ§ˆλ‹€ μΌν„°λ‘œ κ°€μ Έμ˜¬ 수 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ
09:44
you'll look forward to Mondays more,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ›”μš”μΌμ„ μ’€ 더 κ³ λŒ€ν•˜κ²Œ 될 것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:46
and those feelings that we have about Mondays
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ›”μš”μΌμ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ°–κ³ μžˆλŠ” 그런 감정은
09:49
are part of what makes us human.
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우리λ₯Ό μΈκ°„λ‹΅κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:52
And as we redesign work for an era of intelligent machines,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 지λŠ₯ν™” κΈ°κ³„μ˜ μ‹œλŒ€λ₯Ό λ§žμ•„ 일을 μž¬μ„€κ³„ν•˜λ“―μ΄
09:55
I invite you all to work alongside me
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ 직μž₯μƒν™œμ— 보닀 인간닀움을 λ”ν•˜μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:57
to bring more humanity to our working lives.
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10:00
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:01
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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