A librarian's case against overdue book fines | Dawn Wacek

60,890 views ใƒป 2018-12-06

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: maor madmon ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Nurit Noy
00:13
Hello, friends.
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ืฉืœื•ื ื—ื‘ืจื™ื.
00:15
I'm happy to see all of you here today.
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ืื ื™ ืฉืžื—ื” ืœืจืื•ืชื ืืชื›ื ื›ืืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื.
00:18
This is actually exactly what I say to the people who visit us
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ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•
00:21
at the La Crosse Public Library.
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ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืœืงืจื•ืก.
00:23
And I say it because I mean it.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจืช ืืช ื–ื” ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืœื–ื”.
00:26
The children who come into our library are my friends
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ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื”ื ื—ื‘ืจื™,
00:29
in that I care about their needs and their futures.
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ื•ืื›ืคืช ืœื™ ืžื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื, ื•ืžื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื”ื,
00:32
I want them to be happy and successful.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื•ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื,
00:35
I hope that they'll find great books or a movie that delights them.
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ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉื™ืžืฆืื• ืกืคืจื™ื ื ื”ื“ืจื™ื, ืื• ืกืจื˜ ืฉื™ืฉืžื— ืื•ืชื,
00:39
Or the solution to a tricky problem.
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ืื• ืืช ื”ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœื‘ืขื™ื” ืžืกื•ื‘ื›ืช.
00:43
Libraries in general have this wonderful reputation
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ืœืกืคืจื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื™ืฉ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื ื”ื“ืจ,
00:46
of really caring about our communities.
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ืฉืœ ืžื•ืกื“ ืฉื“ื•ืื’ ืœืงื”ื™ืœื”.
00:48
We put out mission statements and statements of purpose
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืคืจืกืžื™ื ื”ืฆื”ืจื•ืช ืชื›ืœื™ืช ื•ื™ืขื“ื™ื
00:51
that say that we connect our community to the broader world.
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ืฉืื•ืžืจื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืขื•ืœื ื”ืจื—ื‘.
00:55
We engage minds,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืืชื’ืจื™ื ืžื•ื—ื•ืช,
00:58
we create lifelong learners.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื•ืžื“ื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื.
01:01
And these ideals are really important to us as libraries,
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ื•ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ื ื”ืืœื• ื‘ืืžืช ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื ื• ื›ืกืคืจื ื™ื,
01:04
because we know the power they have to create a better world.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื•ื“ืขื™ื ืœื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื”ื ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ืขื•ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:08
A more connected world, a more engaged and empathetic world.
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ืขื•ืœื ืžื—ื•ื‘ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืขื•ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ืื›ืคืชื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:14
Books have power, information has power.
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ืœืกืคืจื™ื ื™ืฉ ื›ื—, ืœืžื™ื“ืข ื™ืฉ ื›ื—.
01:16
And for the powerless in our communities,
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ื•ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžื•ื—ืœืฉื™ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
01:19
being able to connect to that is even more important.
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ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืœื›ื— ื”ื–ื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“.
01:23
In 1995, Betty Hart and Todd Risley
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ื‘-1995 ื‘ื˜ื™ ื”ืืจื˜ ื•ื˜ื•ื“ ืจื™ื–ืœื™
01:26
published a study that found that working class families
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ืคืจืกืžื• ืžื—ืงืจ ืฉืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืžืžืขืžื“ื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ื•ืจื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื—ื•ืœ,
01:28
and those being served by welfare
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ื•ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ื ืชืžื›ื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืจื•ื•ื—ื”,
01:30
experience what we now refer to as the "30 million word gap."
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ื—ื•ื•ืช ืชื•ืคืขื” ื”ื ืงืจืืช ื›ื™ื•ื "ืคืขืจ ื”-30 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื".
01:35
Essentially, what they learned is that children in these families
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ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื ื’ื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืืœื•,
01:39
are hearing so many fewer words each day
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ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืžื™ืœื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
01:42
that by the time they are three years old,
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ื›ืš ืฉืขื“ ืฉื”ื ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœื’ื™ืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉ,
01:44
there's this enormous disparity in their learned language.
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ื”ื ืžืคืชื—ื™ื ืคื™ื’ื•ืจ ืขืฆื•ื ื‘ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื”ืฉืคื” ืฉืœื”ื.
01:48
And that gap in words follows them as they enter school,
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ื•ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื•ืœืš ืื™ืชื ื›ืฉื”ื ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
01:51
and it results in later reading, poorer reading skills,
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ื•ื’ื•ืจื ืœืขื™ื›ื•ื‘ ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ืงืจื™ืื”, ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืงืจื™ืื” ื ืžื•ื›ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
01:55
a lack of success overall.
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ื•ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื›ืœืœื™.
01:58
Children need to hear words every day
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ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื.
02:00
and they need to hear not just our day-to-day conversation,
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ื•ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืœื ืจืง ืืช ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื ื”ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•,
02:03
they have to hear rare words:
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ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื™ืœื™ื ื ื“ื™ืจื•ืช:
02:05
those outside the common lexicon we share, of around 10,000.
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ืืœื• ืฉืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืžืื’ืจ ื”ืžืฉื•ืชืฃ ืœื›ื•ืœื, ื”ืžื•ื ื” ื›-10.000 ืžื™ืœื™ื.
02:09
I'm going to read you a short snippet from a children's book
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ืืงืจื™ื ืœื›ื ืงื˜ืข ืงืฆืจ ืžืกืคืจ ื™ืœื“ื™ื
02:13
by one of our favorite authors in the children's room, Eric Carle.
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ืคืจื™ ืขื˜ื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื“ ื”ืกื•ืคืจื™ื ื”ืื”ื•ื‘ื™ื ืขืœื™ื ื• ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืืจื™ืง ืงืจืœ.
02:16
Some of you might know his work "The Very Hungry Caterpillar."
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ื—ืœืง ืžื›ื ืื•ืœื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ืกืคืจื• "ื”ื–ื—ืœ ื”ืจืขื‘".
02:19
But this is from "'Slowly, Slowly, Slowly,' said the Sloth."
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืš "'ืœืื˜, ืœืื˜, ืœืื˜', ืืžืจ ื”ืขืฆืœืŸ".
02:25
"Finally, the sloth replied,
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"ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื”ืฉื™ื‘ ื”ืขืฆืœืŸ,
02:27
'It is true that I am slow, quiet and boring.
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"ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ืื˜ื™, ืฉืงื˜ ื•ืžืฉืขืžื.
02:31
I am lackadaisical,
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"ืื ื™ ื ืจืคื”,
02:32
I dawdle and I dillydally.
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"ื›ื‘ื“ ืชื ื•ืขื” ื•ื—ื•ืœื,
02:35
I am also unflappable, languid, stoic,
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"ืื ื™ ื’ื ืงืจ ืจื•ื—, ืฉืœื• ื•ืžืื•ืคืง,
02:38
impassive, sluggish, lethargic,
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"ืžืกื•ื™ื’, ื—ืกืจ ืžืจืฅ, ืžื ื•ืžื ื,
02:41
placid, calm, mellow,
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"ืฉืœื•, ืžืชื•ืŸ, ืขื“ื™ืŸ
02:44
laid-back and, well, slothful!
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"ืฉืื ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ, ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืขื˜!
02:47
I am relaxed and tranquil, and I like to live in peace.
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"ืื ื™ ื ื™ื ื•ื— ื•ืฉืงื˜, ื•ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื•ื.
02:52
But I am not lazy.'
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"ืื‘ืœ ืื™ื ื™ ืขืฆืœืŸ.'
02:54
Then the sloth yawned and said,
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"ื•ืื– ื”ืขืฆืœืŸ ืคื™ื”ืง ื•ืืžืจ,
02:56
'That's just how I am.
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"'ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื™ ืฉืื ื™.
02:58
I like to do things slowly, slowly, slowly.'"
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ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืื˜, ืœืื˜, ืœืื˜."
03:04
So you can see from this very brief example from one book in our library
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ืžื”ื“ื•ื’ืžื ื”ืงืฆืจืฆืจื” ื”ื–ื•, ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ื“,
03:09
how Eric Carle used 20 different words to get the same idea across to children.
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ืื™ืš ืืจื™ืง ืงืจืœ ื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘-20 ืžื™ืœื™ื ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืขื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ืื•ืชื• ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ.
03:15
Now we know that a lot of the families visiting us at the library,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืจื‘ื•ืช ืžื”ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื”ืžื‘ืงืจื•ืช ืืฆืœื ื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื”,
03:19
a lot of our friends, are struggling financially.
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ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•, ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื.
03:23
We know that some of them are living in poverty,
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื ื™,
03:25
and don't have enough to eat or anywhere safe to live.
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ืฉื—ืกืจ ืœื”ื ืื•ื›ืœ, ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืžืงื•ื ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ื•ื—.
ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื’'ื™ื™ืžืก, ืฉืžื‘ืงืจ ืื•ืชื ื• ืื—ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ
03:29
We know that our friend James, who comes in after school
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03:31
and is staying at a local shelter,
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ื•ื’ืจ ื‘ืžืงืœื˜ ืœื—ืกืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืื–ื•ืจ,
03:33
isn't reading at grade level
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ืœื ืงื•ืจื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื’ื™ืœื•
03:34
and has probably never read at grade level.
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ื•ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ื™ื— ืฉืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืงืจื ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื’ื™ืœื•,
03:37
We know we have that 30 million word gap
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ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืคืขืจ ืฉืœ 30 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžื™ืœื™ื,
03:39
and a corresponding achievement gap by the time kids enter the third grade,
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ื•ืคืขืจ ืžืชืื™ื ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื, ืฉื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื’ื“ืœ ืขื“ ื›ื™ืชื” ื’',
03:43
both of which directly correlate to income level.
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ื•ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ืงืฉืจ ื™ืฉืจ ืœืžืฆื‘ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ื•-ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™.
03:47
So what's the responsibility of libraries in addressing these gaps?
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ืื– ืžื”ื™ ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืžืฆื™ืืช ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ืœืคืขืจื™ื ื”ืœืœื•?
03:51
How can we help our friends be more successful, more educated
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ื›ื™ืฆื“ ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื›ื™ืœื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ, ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ,
03:55
and some day, better global citizens?
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“, ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ?
03:58
It starts with ensuring free and equitable access
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ื–ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ื‘ื”ื‘ื˜ื—ืช ื’ื™ืฉื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื•ื”ื•ื’ื ืช
04:02
to everything libraries offer them.
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ืœื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื”ื.
04:04
Books level the playing field
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ืกืคืจื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืื–ืŸ ืืช ืชื ืื™ ื”ืคืชื™ื—ื”
04:06
by exposing children of every socioeconomic background to words.
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื›ืœ ืจืงืข ืกื•ืฆื™ื•ืืงื•ื ื•ืžื™, ืœืžื™ืœื™ื.
04:11
At the library, we provide programs
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ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•, ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืกืคืงื™ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช,
04:13
that are based on the five tenants of early literacy:
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ืฉืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื—ืžืฉืช ื”ืคื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ:
04:15
playing, singing, talking, reading and writing.
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ืžืฉื—ืง, ืฉื™ืจื”, ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ, ืงืจื™ืื” ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ื”.
04:18
We offer programs for adults
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืชื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื
04:20
on computer classes and job-skills training.
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ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื•ืงื•ืจืกื™ ื”ื›ื ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ื”.
04:24
Business start-ups.
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ื™ื–ืžื•ืช ืขืกืงื™ืช.
04:26
We do all of this great work for our community members
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื ื”ื“ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื ื•,
04:29
and at the same time, we counteract it by charging fines and fees of our patrons.
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ืืš ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื–ืžืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ืกื•ืชืจื™ื ืื•ืชื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืื’ืจื•ืช.
04:35
Today in La Crosse,
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ื›ื™ื•ื ื‘ืœืงืจื•ืก,
04:37
10,000 of our users are unable to check out library materials
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10,000 ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืžื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”
04:41
because of fines and fees.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืื’ืจื•ืช.
04:43
If we narrow in on our neighborhoods experiencing the most poverty,
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ืื ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ื™ื ืจืง ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ,
04:47
those where 82 percent of the student body is considered economically disadvantaged,
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ืืœื• ืฉื‘ื”ืŸ 82% ืžื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ื™ื ื ื—ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ื—ื™ืกืจื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™,
04:52
the number rises to 23 percent of the neighborhood.
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ื”ืžืกืคืจ ืขื•ืœื” ืœ-23% ืžืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช.
04:56
And these are local numbers, it's true, but they hold true nationwide.
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ื•ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืฉืืœื• ืจืง ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ื™ื, ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœืžืžื•ืฆืข ื”ืืจืฆื™.
05:00
In libraries across the country that charge fines,
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ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืจื—ื‘ื™ ืืจื”"ื‘ ืฉื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื ืกื•ืช,
05:03
the poorest neighborhoods have the most number of people blocked from use.
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืžื ื•ืขื™ื ืžื”ืฉืืœืช ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืฉื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ.
05:09
In fact, the Colorado State Library was so worried about this,
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ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืœืื•ืžื™ืช ืฉืœ ืงื•ืœื•ืจื“ื• ื”ื™ื• ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื•ื“ืื’ื™ื ืžื–ื”,
05:12
they published a white paper
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ืฉื”ื ืคืจืกืžื• ืงื•ืœ ืงื•ืจื
05:14
and they stated unequivocally
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ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ื–ื• ื—ื“ ืžืฉืžืขื™ืช,
05:15
that it's the fear of fines that keeps poor families out of libraries.
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ืฉื”ืคื—ื“ ืžืงื ืกื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืฉืžื•ื ืข ืžืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ืขื ื™ื•ืช ืœื”ื™ืจืฉื ืœืกืคืจื™ื”.
05:21
A colleague of mine took a ride in a Lyft in Atlanta last year,
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ืขืžื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืชืคืก ื˜ืจืžืค ื‘ืื˜ืœื ื˜ื” ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”,
05:24
and he started chatting with his driver about libraries, as we do.
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ื•ื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืคื˜ืคื˜ ืขื ื”ื ื”ื’ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ืžื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืขื•ืฉื™ื.
05:28
And she told him she grew up visiting her local library, she loved it.
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ื•ื”ื™ื ืกื™ืคืจื” ืฉื‘ื™ืœื“ื•ืชื” ื”ื™ื ืื”ื‘ื” ืœื‘ืงืจ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื” ื”ืขื™ืจื•ื ื™ืช,
05:33
But now that she's a parent with three children of her own,
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืืžื, ืขื ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžืฉืœื”,
05:36
there's no way she would allow them to get a library card,
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ืื™ืŸ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชืจืฉื” ืœื”ื ืœืคืชื•ื— ืžื ื•ื™ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื”,
05:39
because of the strict deadlines libraries impose.
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ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื’ืžื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื”ื—ื–ืจื”.
05:42
She said, "It would be like another credit card that I can't pay."
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ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, "ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืขื•ื“ ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ื•."
05:46
Meanwhile, when other libraries have experimented with eliminating fines,
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ืขื ื–ืืช, ื›ืฉืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื”ืชื ืกื• ื‘ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช,
05:50
like one in San Rafael that took away children's fines,
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ื›ืžื• ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกืŸ ืจืคืืœ ืฉื‘ื™ื˜ืœื” ืืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืกืคืจื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื,
05:55
they had a 126-percent increase in child card applications
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ื”ื ืจืื• ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืฉืœ 126% ื‘ืคืชื™ื—ืช ืžื ื•ื™ื™ื ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื,
05:59
within the first few months.
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ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช.
06:01
When people aren't afraid of the fines they might accrue,
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ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืื™ื ื ืคื•ื—ื“ื™ื ืžื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืฆื‘ื•ืจ,
06:04
they line up to access what we have to offer.
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ื”ื ืžืžื”ืจื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื’ื™ืฉื” ืœืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืœืชืช.
06:08
So what are we telling people, then?
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ืื– ืžื” ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืฆื?
06:10
We have these two disparate ideas.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื ื• ืฉื ื™ ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ืžื ื•ื’ื“ื™ื.
06:13
On the one hand, we're champions of democracy
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ืžืฆื“ ืื—ื“, ืื ื—ื ื• ืื‘ื™ืจื™ ื”ื“ืžื•ืงืจื˜ื™ื”,
06:16
and we claim that we're there so that every citizen can educate themselves.
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืื–ืจื— ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”.
06:22
We're advocates for the power early literacy has
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื”ื›ื•ื— ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืื•ืจื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื™ืœื•ืœื™ืช ื‘ื’ื™ืœ ื”ืฆืขื™ืจ,
06:24
to reduce that achievement gap and eliminate the word gap.
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ืœื”ืงื˜ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ื”ื™ืฉื’ื™ื, ื•ืœื”ืขืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื‘ืžื™ืœื™ื.
06:29
We tell people, "We're here to help you."
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื, "ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืืŸ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื›ื."
06:32
On the other hand,
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ื•ืžืฆื“ ืฉื ื™,
06:33
if you're struggling financially, and you make a mistake,
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ืื ื™ืฉ ืœื›ื ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื›ืœื›ืœื™ื™ื, ื•ืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื˜ืขื•ืช,
06:36
the kind of mistake that anyone in this room could make --
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ืกื•ื’ ื”ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ืœ ืื“ื ื‘ื—ื“ืจ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืขืฉื•ืช-
06:39
your tote bag that belongs to the library sits by your back door
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ืชื™ืง ื”ื‘ื“ ืขื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื ืœื”ื—ื–ืจื” ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ืœื™ื“ ื”ื“ืœืช ื‘ื‘ื™ืชื›ื,
06:43
for a couple of weeks longer than it should,
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ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืืžื•ืจ,
06:46
you lose a CD,
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ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื ื“ื™ืกืง ืฉืฉืืœืชื,
06:48
you spill your coffee on a book,
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ืฉืคื›ืชื ืงืคื” ืขืœ ื”ืกืคืจ,
06:51
suddenly, we're not here for you so much anymore,
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ืคืชืื•ื, ืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื,
06:53
because if that happens, we're going to make you pay for it.
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ื›ื™ ืื ื–ื” ืงื•ืจื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ื ื‘ืงืฉ ืžื›ื ืœืฉืœื ืขืœ ื–ื”.
06:57
And if you can't pay for it, you're out of luck.
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ื•ืื ืื™ื ื›ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืขืœ ื–ื”, ื—ื‘ืœ.
07:01
I have been a librarian for a lot of years.
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ืื ื™ ืกืคืจื ื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืฉื ื™ื.
07:03
And in the past few years,
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ื•ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช,
07:06
I myself have paid over 500 dollars in late fines.
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ืื ื™ ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื™ืœืžืชื™ ืžืขืœ 500 ื“ื•ืœืจ, ืงื ืกื•ืช ืขืœ ืื™ื—ื•ืจื™ื.
07:11
Now, you might wonder why,
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ืืชื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœืชื”ื•ืช ืžื“ื•ืข,
07:12
I mean, I'm there every day, and I certainly know how the system works.
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ื”ืจื™ ืื ื™ ืฉื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืื™ืš ื”ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช.
07:16
But like all of our friends at the library,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื• ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•
07:20
I am busy, I lose track of things,
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ืื ื™ ืขืกื•ืงื”, ืื ื™ ืฉื•ื›ื—ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื
07:23
my house is sometimes messy,
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ื”ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœื™ ืžื‘ื•ืœื’ืŸ ืœืคืขืžื™ื,
07:25
and I have lost a DVD or two under the sofa.
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ื•ืื™ื‘ื“ืชื™ DVD ืื• ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืžืชื—ืช ืœืกืคื”.
07:31
And I have been fortunate enough to be able to pay
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ืœ ื›ื™ ืื ื™ ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช.
07:35
that 500 dollars over the last several years.
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ืื•ืชื 500 ื“ื•ืœืจ ื‘ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช.
07:38
If not happily, I at least had the means to do it.
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ื’ื ืื ืœื ื‘ื—ื“ื•ื•ื”, ืœืคื—ื•ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœืฉืœื.
07:42
So is that fair and equitable service
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ืื– ื”ืื ื–ื” ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ืŸ ื•ืฉื•ื•ื™ื•ื ื™
07:44
if some of us can pay our fines and continue to operate as we always have,
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ืื ื—ืœืงื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื›ืจื’ื™ืœ,
07:50
and others of us make one mistake and no longer are welcome back?
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ืขื™ื ืคืขื ืื—ืช ื•ืœื ืจืฆื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ?
07:56
It's simply not.
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ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื.
08:00
Now, why would we continue to operate under a model that hurts
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ืœืžื” ืฉื ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉืคื•ื’ืข
08:04
our most vulnerable patrons the most?
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ื‘ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•?
08:07
There are reasons.
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ื™ืฉื ืŸ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.
08:09
There are reasons like responsibility.
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ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช.
08:11
There are some libraries that really feel
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ื™ืฉ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืฉื‘ืืžืช ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช
08:13
that it's our job to teach people responsibility.
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ืฉื–ื• ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœืœืžื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื”ื™ ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช.
08:16
And they haven't figured out that there might be ways to do that
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ื•ื”ื ืขื•ื“ ืœื ื’ื™ืœื• ืฉืื•ืœื™ ื™ืฉ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช
ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ื ืžื“ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื.
08:19
that don't equate to dollars.
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08:21
There's also this idea that we share the resources collectively in a community,
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ื™ืฉ ื’ื ืืช ื”ื“ืขื” ืฉืื•ืžืจืช, ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื—ื•ืœืงื™ื ื‘ืžืฉืื‘ื™ื,
08:25
and so we have to take turns.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืชื•ืจ.
08:27
If I keep my "My Little Pony" movie for too long,
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ืื ืื ื™ ืืฉืื™ืจ ืืฆืœื™ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ "ื”ืคื•ื ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉืœื™" ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ,
08:30
and somebody else wants to watch it, it's not fair.
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ื•ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื—ืจ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื•, ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื•ื’ืŸ.
08:34
And then, there's the money.
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ื•ืื–, ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
08:36
Community members often love their libraries,
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ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”,
08:38
and they don't want us to not be able to sustain the services we offer.
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ื•ื”ื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื ืคืกื™ืง ืœืคืขื•ืœ ื›ื™ ื ื’ืžืจ ืœื ื• ื”ืชืงืฆื™ื‘.
08:44
Luckily, we can address all of these things in a variety of ways
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ืœืžื–ืœื ื•, ืืคืฉืจ ืœืชืช ืžืขื ื” ืœื›ืœ ืื—ืช ืžื”ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ื‘ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื
08:48
without scaring away our most vulnerable populations.
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ื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ื‘ืจื™ื— ืืช ื”ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ื”ื—ืœืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื ื•.
08:52
Some libraries have gone to a Netflix model.
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ื™ืฉ ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืœืžื•ื“ืœ ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก.
08:55
You might be familiar with this:
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ืื•ืœื™ ืืชื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื–ื”:
08:57
you check things out,
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ืืชื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื,
08:58
when you're done with them, you return them.
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ื›ืฉืกื™ื™ืžืชื, ืืชื ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื.
09:01
If you don't return them, you can't check more things out,
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ืื ืœื ืชื—ื–ื™ืจื• - ืœื ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื,
09:04
but once you do, it's all forgiven, it's fine.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื”ื—ื–ืจืชื, ื”ื›ืœ ื ืกืœื—, ื”ื›ืœ ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
09:08
You can check out again.
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ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืฉืื•ืœ.
09:10
Others continue to charge fines,
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ืื—ืจื™ื ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื ืกื•ืช,
09:12
but they want to offer alternatives to their library patrons,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืืœื˜ืจื ื˜ื™ื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื ื•ื™ื™ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”,
09:15
and so they do things like food for fines, where you bring in canned goods,
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ื›ืžื• ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื ืก, ืฉื‘ื• ืžืฉืœืžื™ื ื‘ืงื•ืคืกืื•ืช ืฉื™ืžื•ืจื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื‘ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื.
09:19
or read away your fines, where you can read off your fines.
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ืื• ื”ืงืจืื” ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืงื ืก, ื›ืš ืฉืžืฉืœืžื™ื, ื‘ื”ืงืจืืช ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื.
09:22
There's even another library in Wisconsin
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ื™ืฉ ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ื•ื™ืกืงื•ื ืกื™ืŸ
09:24
that offers scratch-off tickets at their counter,
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ืฉืžืฆื™ืขื” ื›ืจื˜ื™ืกื™ ื’ื™ืจื•ื“ ื‘ื“ืœืคืง,
09:26
so you can scratch off and get 10 or 20 percent off your fines that day.
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ื›ืš ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื’ืจื“ ื•ืœืงื‘ืœ ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉืœ 10-20% ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื.
09:30
And there are amnesty days.
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ื•ื™ืฉ ื™ืžื™ ืืžื ืกื˜ื™.
09:32
One day a year, you bring back your late materials
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ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื‘ืฉื ื”, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ื—ื–ื™ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืฉื›ื—ืชื,
09:35
and all is forgiven.
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ื•ื”ื›ืœ ื ืกืœื—.
09:38
There was a library in San Francisco that did an amnesty day last year,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื‘ืกืŸ ืคืจื ืกื™ืกืงื• ืฉืขืฉืชื” ื™ื•ื ื›ื–ื” ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื”,
09:42
and they welcomed back 5,000 users who had been blocked.
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ื•ื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• ื‘ื—ื–ืจื” 5,000 ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืฉื ื—ืกืžื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืงื ืกื•ืช.
09:46
That same day, they received more than 700,000 items that were overdue.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื, ื”ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื• 700,000 ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ืฉืชืืจื™ืš ื”ื—ื–ืจืชื ืขื‘ืจ.
09:52
Among them was one book that was 100 years overdue.
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ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื™ื” ืกืคืจ ืื—ื“, ืฉื”ื•ื—ื–ืจ ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ืฉืœ 100 ืฉื ื™ื.
09:56
So I know that sounds ridiculous, but I know from experience
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื–ื” ื ืฉืžืข ืžื’ื•ื—ืš, ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ,
09:59
that people will stay away from the library
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ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืœื ืœื‘ื•ื ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ื”,
10:02
rather than face the authority of the librarian
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ืจืง ืœื ืœืขืžื•ื“ ืžื•ืœ ื”ืกืžื›ื•ืช ื”ืžืื™ื™ืžืช ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื ื™ืช,
10:04
when they have late items.
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ื›ืฉื”ื ืžื—ื–ื™ืจื™ื ืกืคืจื™ื ื‘ืื™ื—ื•ืจ.
10:06
As Michael might have mentioned, I've been a librarian for 15 years
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ื›ืคื™ ืฉืžื™ื™ืงืœ ื‘ื˜ื— ืืžืจ, ืื ื™ ืกืคืจื ื™ืช ื›ื‘ืจ 15 ืฉื ื™ื
10:09
and my mom hasn't been in a library in decades,
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ื•ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ืœื ื‘ื™ืงืจื” ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืžื” ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื,
10:12
because when she was young, she lost a book.
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ื›ื™ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื˜ื ื”, ื”ื™ื ืื™ื‘ื“ื” ืกืคืจ.
10:18
So, these are great baby steps.
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ืืœื• ืฆืขื“ื™ื ืงื˜ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
10:20
But they don't go far enough,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืงื™ื,
10:23
because they make people jump through hoops.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชืืžืฅ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื“ื™.
10:28
They have to come on the right days, at the right times.
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ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ.
10:30
They might have to have extra food to share.
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ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืฉื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืฉืœื ื‘ื•.
10:33
They want to read away their fines, they need to be literate.
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ืื ื”ื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ืงืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืœื ื”ื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืœืงืจื•ื ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ.
10:37
If we want people to use the library again,
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”,
10:41
we should just get rid of fines altogether.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช.
10:46
Now, you might think I've forgotten a money piece,
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ืืชื ื‘ื˜ื— ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืฉื›ื—ืชื™ ืืช ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ,
10:48
where we need to finance libraries, right?
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ื”ืจื™ ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœืžืžืŸ ืืช ื”ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
10:51
But there's a couple of things to consider
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœืงื—ืช ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ
10:53
when we think about how fines function in library budgets.
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฉื•ืงืœื™ื ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื‘ืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”.
10:59
The first is that fines have never been a stable source of revenue.
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ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ืžืงื•ืจ ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘.
11:04
They've always fluctuated,
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ื”ื ืขื•ืœื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื,
11:06
and in fact, they've continued to go down over the last few decades.
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ื•ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื•ืช ืžืžื™ืกื™ื ืžืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืช ืœืจื“ืช ื‘ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
11:11
When the recession hit, especially, people's ability to pay was hit, as well.
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ื”ืžื™ืชื•ืŸ, ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“, ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœื ื ืคื’ืขื”.
11:15
So for a lot of those 10,000 friends that we've got at the library
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ืื– ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจื‘ื™ื ืž-10,000 ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ืฉืœื ื•
11:19
that aren't able to use it,
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ืฉืื™ื ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื•,
11:20
they might never be able to pay us.
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ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื• ืœืฉืœื ืœื ื•.
11:22
When we talk about eliminating their fines,
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ื›ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ืœืžื—ื•ืง ืืช ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื,
11:24
we're not losing money so much as the idea of money.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืœื ืžืคืกื™ื“ื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ืืžื™ืชื™, ืืœื ื›ืกืฃ ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™.
11:29
And thirdly, you might be surprised to know
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ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช, ืื•ืœื™ ืชื•ืคืชืขื• ืœื“ืขืช
11:33
fines on average, nationally, are about one and a half percent
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ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื 1.5% ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข,
11:37
of a library's operating budget.
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ืžืชืงืฆื™ื‘ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ืืจื”"ื‘.
11:39
Now that can still be a lot of money.
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ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ืกืฃ.
11:41
If you're looking at a large library or a large library system,
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ืื ืชืงื—ื• ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื”, ืื• ืจืฉืช ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช,
11:44
the dollar amount can be high.
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ื”ื›ืžื•ืช ื‘ื“ื•ืœืจื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืžืื•ื“.
11:45
But it's an achievable cut for most libraries to absorb.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืงื™ืฆื•ืฅ ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื’ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช.
11:50
And finally, and maybe most importantly, fines cost us money to collect.
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ืœื‘ืกื•ืฃ, ื•ืื•ืœื™ ื”ื›ื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘, ืขื•ืœื” ืœื ื• ื›ืกืฃ ืœื’ื‘ื•ืช ืงื ืกื•ืช.
11:56
When you start to factor in all of the ways that we collect fines,
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ื›ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื ืกื•ืช,
11:59
supplies like mailers that we send out to remind people of their fines,
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ืฆื™ื•ื“, ื›ืžื• ืžื›ืชื‘ื™ื ืฉืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืฉืœื ืืช ื”ืงื ืก,
12:05
services, like collections management services,
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ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื, ื›ืžื• ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื’ื‘ื™ื™ืช ื›ืกืคื™ื,
12:09
even telephone and email notifications can cost libraries money.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ืื™ืžื™ื™ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืขืœื•ืช ื›ืกืฃ.
12:13
And staff time is a huge cost for libraries.
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ื•ื–ืžืŸ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ื”ื•ื ืขืœื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ื”.
12:17
So that our frontline staff is standing there,
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ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ื‘ื“ืœืคืง ืขื•ืžื“ ืœื• ืฉื,
12:20
talking to people about their fines, sometimes arguing with people about fines.
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ื•ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช, ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืชื•ื•ื›ื— ืขื ืื ืฉื™ื.
12:25
When we eliminate all of those pieces,
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ื›ืฉืžื—ืกืœื™ื ืืช ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ื‘ื›ืœ ืืœื•,
12:27
if we got rid of fines, we might actually save money in our libraries.
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ืื ื ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ืงื ืกื•ืช, ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื ื—ืกื•ืš ืœืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื›ืกืฃ.
12:31
Or at the very least,
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ืื• ืœื›ืœ ื”ืคื—ื•ืช,
12:33
we would be able to reallocate our staff time
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ื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืงื“ื™ืฉ ืืช ื–ืžื ื ื”ื™ืงืจ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ ื”ืฆื•ื•ืช
12:35
to pursuits that better fit those missions we talked about.
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ืœืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืฉืชื•ืืžื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืืช ื”ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืฉื“ื™ื‘ืจื ื• ืขืœื™ื”ืŸ.
12:40
The other thing I want everybody to come away understanding
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ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื™ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•
12:43
is that fines don't actually work to do what we think they do.
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ื”ื•ื ืฉื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืฉื”ื ื™ืขืฉื•.
12:46
The debate about fines --
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ื”ื•ื•ื™ื›ื•ื— ืขืœ ื”ืงื ืกื•ืช -
12:47
whether we should fine, how much we should fine, it isn't new.
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-ื”ืื ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืงื ื•ืก,ืžื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ื‘ื” ื”ืงื ืก-ืื™ื ื• ื—ื“ืฉ.
12:50
We've been talking about it for almost 100 years.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ื›ืžืขื˜ 100 ืฉื ื™ื.
12:54
As long as that book was overdue.
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ื›ืื•ืจืš ื”ืื™ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื”ื”ื•ื.
12:58
Study after study has shown that the reason libraries fine
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ื•ืžื—ืงืจ ืื—ืจื™ ืžื—ืงืจ ืžืจืื™ื ืฉื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ื‘ื•ืช ืงื ืกื•ืช
13:02
is because of strongly held beliefs
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ื”ื™ื ืืžื•ื ื” ื—ื–ืงื”
13:04
about the effectiveness of getting materials back on time
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ืขืœ ื”ื™ืขื™ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ื‘ื”ื—ื–ืจืช ืคืจื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ
13:07
backed by no evidence.
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ืฉืื™ื ื” ืžื‘ื•ืกืกืช ืขืœ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœ.
13:10
Basically, we fine because we've always fined.
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ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ, ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื•ื‘ื™ื ืงื ืกื•ืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื’ื‘ื™ื ื• ืงื ืกื•ืช.
13:14
So, the best option for your libraries is to put their mission first.
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืขื“ื™ืฃ ืœืกืคืจื™ื•ืช,ืœื–ื›ื•ืจ ืืช ืžื˜ืจืชืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืจื™ืช.
13:20
And they will do that if their community members ask it of them.
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ื•ื”ืŸ ื™ืขืฉื• ื–ืืช, ืื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื”ืŸ ืžืฉืจืชื•ืช, ื™ื‘ืงืฉื• ื–ืืช.
13:24
When you leave here, I hope you'll visit your public library
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ื›ืฉืชืขื–ื‘ื•, ืื ื™ ืžืงื•ื•ื” ืฉืชื‘ืงืจื• ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื™ื” ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ืช
13:27
and talk to your librarians,
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ื•ืชื“ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื”ืกืคืจื ื™ื.
13:29
talk to your neighbors and community members
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ื“ื‘ืจื• ืขื ื”ืฉื›ื ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื•ืขื ื—ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื”
13:31
who serve on library boards.
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ืฉื ืžืฆืื™ื ื‘ื•ื•ืขื“ ื”ืžื ื”ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืกืคืจื™ื™ื”.
13:32
Tell them that you know how important literacy is
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ืืžืจื• ืœื”ื ืฉืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”ื”ืฉื›ืœื”
13:36
to everyone in your community.
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ืœื›ืœ ืื“ื ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœื”.
13:39
That if our libraries are truly for everyone,
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ืฉืื ื”ืกืคืจื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื• ืื›ืŸ ืžื™ื•ืขื“ื•ืช ืœื›ื•ืœื,
13:43
that they have to get rid of fines and embrace their entire community.
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ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ื™ืคื˜ืจ ืžื”ืงื ืกื•ืช ื•ืœืืžืฅ ืืช ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ื›ื•ืœื”.
13:47
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
13:48
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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