Adam Grant: How to stop languishing and start finding flow | TED

482,671 views ใƒป 2021-09-28

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ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: zeeva livshitz ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Naama Lieberman
ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืœื›ื•ืœื›ื ื™ืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžื•ืช ืืจื•ื›ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžื˜ืœื•ืช,
ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื ืœื‘ื–ื‘ื– ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ืืœ-ืชืขืฉื”.
ืืœ ืชื’ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช,
00:12
I know you all have long to-do lists,
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ืืœ ืชื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื”
00:14
but I hate wasting time so much that I have a to-don't list.
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ื•ืืœ ืชื“ืœื™ืง ืืช ื”ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”
ืืœื ืื ื›ืŸ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืžื” ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช.
00:19
Don't scroll on social media,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืฉื ื” ืฉืขื‘ืจื” ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉื•ื‘ืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื”ืืœื”.
00:21
don't check my phone in bed
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ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ืขืจ ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื—ืจื™ ื—ืฆื•ืช,
00:23
and don't turn on the TV
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00:24
unless I already know what I want to watch.
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ืชื•ืš โ€˜ื’ืœื™ืœืช ืื‘ื“ื•ืŸโ€™,
ืžืฉื—ืง ืื™ื ืกื•ืฃ ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืฅ-ื ื ื‘ืจืฉืช
00:27
But last year I found myself breaking all of those rules.
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ื•ืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ื‘ื™ื ื’โ€ฒ ืฉืœ ืขื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœืžื•ืช ืฉืœ ืชื•ื›ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช.
00:31
I was staying up way past midnight,
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00:33
doomscrolling,
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00:34
playing endless games of online Scrabble
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ืœืžื—ืจืช ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชืขื•ืจืจ ืžื˜ื•ืฉื˜ืฉ
00:36
and bingeing entire seasons of TV shows that weren't even good.
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ื•ื ืฉื‘ืข, โ€œื”ืœื™ืœื” ืื ื™ ื‘ืžื™ื˜ื” ื‘ืขืฉืจโ€.
ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืงืจื•ืช ืœื™ืœื” ืื—ืจ ืœื™ืœื” ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช.
00:42
The next morning I'd wake up in a daze
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ืžื” ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœืขืฆืžื™?
00:44
and swear, "Tonight in bed by 10:00."
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ื›ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ ืืจื’ื•ื ื™,
ื‘ื™ืœื™ืชื™ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื—ืงืจ ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื”,
00:47
But it kept happening night after night for weeks.
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ืื– ืžืžืฉ ืžืคืจื™ืข ืœื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
00:51
What was I thinking?
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00:53
As an organizational psychologist,
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00:54
I have spent my whole career studying motivation,
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ. ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืชืงื•ื•ื”. ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื—ื•ืง, ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืื ืจื’ื™ื”.
00:57
so it really bothers me when I can't explain my own behavior.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ื•ื“ื“, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™.
ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืงืฆืช ื—ืกืจ ืžื˜ืจื” ื•ืงืฆืช ื—ืกืจ ืฉืžื—ื”.
01:02
I wasn't depressed. I still had hope. Wasn't burned out, had energy.
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ื‘ืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื“ื‘ืจ, ื ื–ื›ืจืชื™ ืฉื™ืฉ ืฉื ืœืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช:
01:07
Wasn't lonely, I was with my family.
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โ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€œ.
01:10
I just felt a little bit aimless and a little bit joyless.
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โ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€ ื›ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืจื™ืงื ื•ืช, ืงื™ืคืื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืขืžื•ื.
ื”ืžื•ื ื— ื ื˜ื‘ืข ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืกื•ืฆื™ื•ืœื•ื’ ืงื•ืจื™ ืงื™ื™ืก
01:15
Eventually, I remembered there's a name for that feeling:
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ื•ื”ื•ื ืฆื— ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืคื™ืœื•ืกื•ืคื™ืช ืžืจื™ื” ืงืืจื™.
01:18
languishing.
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01:19
Languishing as a sense of emptiness, stagnation and ennui.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื›ืฉืืชื ื“ื•ืขื›ื™ื ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื”ื™ืžื™ื ืขื•ื‘ืจื™ื ื‘ื˜ืฉื˜ื•ืฉ,
01:23
It was coined by a sociologist Corey Keyes
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01:25
and immortalized by a philosopher, Mariah Carey.
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ื•ืืชื ืžืกืชื›ืœื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื ื“ืจืš ืฉืžืฉื” ืžืขื•ืจืคืœืช.
01:28
(Laughter)
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืกืงืจืŸ ืœื“ืขืช ื›ืžื” ืžื›ื ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื›ืš ื‘ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื.
01:31
When you're languishing, it just feels like you're muddling through your days,
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01:34
looking at your life through a foggy windshield.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืืœื” ืžื›ื ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื”ื ื”ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ืœื”ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื™ื“ --
01:37
So I'm curious how many of you have felt like that over the past few months.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืืชื” ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื“ึฐึผืขื•ึผื›ึดื™ื ื›ืจื’ืข.
ื•ืืชื ื›ืืŸ ืฉืœื ืฆื—ืงืชื, ืืชื ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื“ึฐึผืขื•ึผื›ึดื™ื.
01:43
OK, those of you who didn't have the energy to raise your hands --
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01:46
(Laughter)
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื–ืจ ืœืžื“ื™ --
01:47
you might be languishing right now.
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[ืื™ืš ืืชื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื? ืื”. ืื”. ืื”.]
01:50
And you over here who didn't laugh, you're definitely languishing.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื—ืœืง ืžื›ื ืขื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ.
ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื–ืจ, ืžื” ืฉื”ืฆื™ืœ ืื•ืชื™ ืžื”ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืฉื™ื—ืงืชื™ ื‘ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜.
01:55
Strangely enough --
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01:56
[How are you feeling today? Meh. Meh. Meh.]
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01:58
(Laughter)
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01:59
Some of you passed the quiz.
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ื•ืื• ื ื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื•ืจื” ืจื’ืข.
02:01
Strangely enough, what rescued me from that feeling was playing Mario Kart.
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ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”,
ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ืชืžื•ื“ื“ื• ืขื ืคื—ื“, ืขืฆื‘ ื•ื‘ื™ื“ื•ื“.
ืื‘ืœ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ืžื’ื™ืคื” ื ืžืฉื›ื” ื‘ืœื™ ืฉื ืจืื” ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ืื•ืคืง,
02:08
But let's back up for a second.
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02:10
In the early days of covid,
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ื”ืงืฉื™ื™ื ื”ืืงื•ื˜ื™ื™ื ืคื™ื ื• ืืช ืžืงื•ืžื ืœื“ืขื™ื›ื” ื›ืจื•ื ื™ืช.
02:11
a lot of us were struggling with fear, grief and isolation.
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ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื—ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘โ€œืœืงื•ื ืืชืžื•ืœ ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจโ€
02:15
But as the pandemic dragged on with no end in sight,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื”ืจื’ืฉื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื›ืœ ื”ืขื•ืœื ื“ื•ืจืš ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
02:18
our acute anguish gave way to chronic languish.
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ืื– ื›ืชื‘ืชื™ ืžืืžืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื•ื ื— โ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€ ืขืœ ื”ืžืคื”.
02:22
We were all living in โ€œGroundhog Day.โ€
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ืงืจืืชื™ ืœื–ื” โ€œื”ื™ืœื“ ื”ืืžืฆืขื™ ื”ืžื•ื–ื ื— ืฉืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉโ€
02:24
It felt like the whole world was stagnating.
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ื•ื”ืฆืขืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ืขืฉื•ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืฉ ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ื ื˜ื™ ืฉืœ ื–ืžื ื ื•.
02:27
So I wrote an article to put languishing on the map.
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ื•ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื.
02:30
I called it "the neglected middle child of mental health"
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื”,
ื ื“ื•ืŸ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื™ื“ื•ืขื ื™ื, ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื ื™ ืžืœื•ื›ื”.
02:34
and I suggested it might be the dominant emotion of our time.
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ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžืชืจื’ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš
02:37
And soon it was everywhere.
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ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืจื™ื’ื•ืฉ ื”ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ืฉืœื”ื.
02:39
I was seeing it all over the media,
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
02:41
being discussed by celebrities, by royalty.
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ื•ื’ื --
02:44
I've never seen people so excited
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ --
02:46
to talk about their utter lack of excitement.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื”ืฉื ื”ื–ื” โ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€
02:49
(Laughter)
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ืขื–ืจ ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืชืžื•ื”ื•ืช.
02:52
And --
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ืœืžื” ื’ื ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื—ื•ืกื ื•
02:54
I think --
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ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชืงืฉื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœื”ืžืฉืš ื”ืฉื ื”.
02:55
I think that naming languishing
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02:57
helped people make sense of some puzzling experiences.
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ืžื“ื•ืข ื›ืืฉืจ โ€œืื•ืฆืจ ืœืื•ืžื™โ€ ื”ื’ื™ืข ืœื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื”,
ืืฉืชื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ื™ื“ืขื” ื‘ืขืœ ืคื” ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžื™ืœื™ื.
03:01
Why even after getting vaccinated
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03:03
people were having trouble looking forward to the rest of the year.
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ื•ืœืžื” ื ืฉืืจืชื™ ืขืจ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžืื•ื—ืจ,
03:06
Why when "National Treasure" came on TV,
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ื ื•ืคืœ ืงืจื‘ืŸ ืœืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ื ืงืžืชื” ืฉืœ ื“ื—ื™ื™ื ื•ืช ืฉืขืช ื”ืฉื™ื ื”.
03:09
my wife already knew all the words by heart.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:12
And why I was staying up way too late,
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[ื•ื•ืื•, ืจืง ืื—ืช-ืขืฉืจื” - ื™ืฉ ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืจื•ืก ืืช ืžื—ืจ, ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ ืขืจ ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื•ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜]
03:15
falling victim to what's known as revenge bedtime procrastination.
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03:19
(Laughter)
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ื—ื™ืคืฉื ื• ืื•ืฉืจ ื‘ื™ื•ื ืžืฉืขืžื ื•ืžื˜ืจื” ื‘ืžื’ื™ืคื” ืžืชืžืฉื›ืช.
ืื‘ืœ โ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€ ืื™ื ื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ืช ืœืžื’ื™ืคื”.
03:29
We were looking for bliss in a blah day and purpose in a perpetual pandemic.
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ื”ื™ื ื—ืœืง ืžื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™.
ืฉื ื™ ืขืฉื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืจืื• ืฉื“ืขื™ื›ื” ืขืœื•ืœื” ืœืฉื‘ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ืฉืœื›ื
03:35
But languishing is not unique to a pandemic.
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ื•ืœื”ื—ืœื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื.
ื–ื”ื• ื’ื ื’ื•ืจื ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ
03:38
It's part of the human condition.
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03:40
Two decades of research show that languishing can disrupt your focus
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ื›ื™ ื“ืขื™ื›ื” ืื•ืจื‘ืช ืœืขืชื™ื ืงืจื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžืชื—ืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉื˜ื—.
ืืชื ืขืœื•ืœื™ื ืœื ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื”ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ืคื•ื—ืชืช
03:44
and dampen your motivation.
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ืื• ืฉื”ื”ื ืื” ืฉืœื›ื ืžืชืงื”ื”.
03:46
It's also a risk factor for depression
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03:48
because languishing often lurks below the surface.
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ืืชื ืื“ื™ืฉื™ื ืœืื“ื™ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื›ื,
03:51
You might not notice when your drive is dwindling
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ืžื” ืฉืื•ืžืจ ืฉืื™ื ื›ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืขื–ืจื”
ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ืชืขืฉื• ื›ืœื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืขืฆืžื›ื.
03:54
or your delight is dulling
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03:56
Youโ€™re indifferent to your own indifference,
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ืื”.
03:59
which means you don't seek help
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ืื•ืœื โ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€ ืื™ื ื” ืจืง ืงืฉื” ืœื–ื™ื”ื•ื™.
04:01
and you might not even do anything to help yourself.
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ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช, ื’ื ืงืฉื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื–ื”.
04:05
Meh.
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ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืืœื™ื, โ€œืžื” ืฉืœื•ืžืš?โ€
ืืชื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื’ื™ื“, โ€œื ื”ื“ืจ!โ€
04:08
Languishing isn't just hard to spot, though.
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ืื• โ€œื—ื™ ืืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœื™โ€œ.
04:11
In many cultures, it's hard to talk about, too.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืจืขื™ืœื”.
04:14
When people ask, "How are you?,"
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:16
you're expected to say, "Great!"
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04:18
or "Living my best life."
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ื–ื” ื”ืœื—ืฅ ืฉืžื•ืคืขืœ ืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ืžืจืฆื™ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ.
04:21
That's called toxic positivity.
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04:24
(Laughter)
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ืื ืืชื” ืื•ืžืจ, โ€œืืชื” ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืื ื™ ืจืง ื‘ืกื“ืจโ€
04:28
It's the pressure that we face to be optimistic and upbeat at all times.
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ืื– ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื ืœืขื•ื“ื“ ืื•ืชืš ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืฆื“ ื”ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™
ืื• ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœืš,
ืฉื–ื” ืœื ืจืง ืžืขืฆื‘ืŸ.
04:35
If you say, "You know, I'm just OK,"
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ื–ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืžืขืฉื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขืฆื” ื’ืจื•ืขื”.
04:37
then people might encourage you to look on the bright side
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ื”ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื?
04:41
or count your blessings,
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ืื ื™ ืื‘ื—ืจ ื‘ืขืฆืžื™ ืื ืืฆื˜ืจืš, ืืœ ืชืงืคืฆื• ื›ื•ืœื›ื ื‘ื‘ืช ืื—ืช.
04:43
which isn't just annoying.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืžืžืฉ ืœื›ืืŸ.
04:44
It can actually be bad advice.
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ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื’ืฉืช ืœืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ
ื•ื”ืื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืงื‘ืœ ืžืชื ื“ื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืžืžืฉ ืœืฉื, ืขื“ ืœืžื™ืงืจื•ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื–ื”, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”.
04:47
Can I get two volunteers?
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04:49
I will cold-call if I have to, don't all jump at once.
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ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื ืœืฉื ื™ ื”ืžืชื ื“ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœื ื•.
04:52
OK, right over here.
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
04:53
You can come up to a mic
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04:55
and can I get another volunteer right over there, up to this mic, please.
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ื”ื™ื™, ืžื” ืฉืžืš?
ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ: ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ.
04:58
A round of applause for our two volunteers.
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ืื“ื ื’ืจื ื˜: ืชื•ื“ื”.
ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ืขืœ ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœืš, ื‘ื‘ืงืฉื”?
05:01
(Applause)
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05:04
Hi, what's your name?
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ืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ: ืื ื™ ื ืฉื•ื™ ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื ื•ืื ื™ ืžืื•ืฉืจ.
05:06
Martin: Martin.
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05:07
Adam Grant: Thank you.
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05:08
Can you tell us three good things about your life, please?
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ืโ€œื’: ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืื ื™ ืฉืžื— ืฉื”ื ื™ืฉื•ืื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื• ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื.
ื›ืœ ื”ื›ื‘ื•ื“. ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื›ืืŸ. ืžื” ืฉืžืš?
05:13
Martin: Iโ€™m married and Iโ€™m healthy and Iโ€™m happy.
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ืœื™: ืœื™.
ืโ€œื’: ืœื™, ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืกืคืจ ืœื ื• ืขืœ 42 ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ืš?
05:18
AG: All right, Iโ€™m glad the marriage came in first.
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ืœื™: ื”ื—ืชื•ืœ ืฉืœื™ ื˜ื™ื˜ืฆโ€™ื™ืคื•, ื”ื›ืœื‘ ืฉืœื™ ืื ื–ื•.
05:20
Well done. OK, over here. Whatโ€™s your name?
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05:22
Lee: Lee.
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ื•ื’ื ืืฉืชื™, ื’โ€™ืื–.
05:23
AG: Lee, can you tell us 42 good things about your life?
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ืโ€œื’: ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ืช ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ืœื‘ ื•ื”ื—ืชื•ืœ.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื™ืคื” ืžืื•ื“.
05:28
Lee: My cat Titchypoo, my dog Enzo.
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ืœื™: ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™, ืื™ื ื“ื™ื• ื•ื•ืœื˜ืจ,
ืžื•ืขื“ื•ืŸ ื”ื›ื“ื•ืจื’ืœ ืžื ืฆโ€™ืกื˜ืจ ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื˜ื“,
05:31
And so my wife, Jazz.
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05:32
AG: Third behind the dog and the cat.
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ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™, TED.
05:34
(Laughter)
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05:35
Well played.
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ืโ€œื’: TED ืžื’ื™ืข ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™.
05:37
Lee: My children, Indio and Walter,
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ืœื™: TED ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“, TED ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืžืื•ื“.
05:39
Manchester United Football Club,
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ื™ืฆื™ืจื•ืชื™ื”ื ืฉืœ ืงโ€œืก ืœื•ืื™ืก, ืโ€œื ืงืืžื™ื ื’ืก, ื•ื“ื™ืœืŸ ืชื•ืžืืก.
05:40
my friends, TED.
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05:43
AG: TED coming in at ringing eighth.
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ืโ€œื’: ืืชื” ืจื•ืฆื” ืœืžื ื•ืช ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื ืฉืฉืžืขืช ืขืœื™ื”ื ืื™ ืคืขื?
05:45
Lee: TED is very high, TED is very high.
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05:47
The poetry of C.S. Lewis, E.E. Cummings, Dylan Thomas.
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ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ืœื™, ืชื•ื“ื”.
ื ืขืฆื•ืจ ืื•ืชืš ืฉื.
ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื. ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืฉื ื™ื›ื.
05:52
AG: You want to name all the poets youโ€™ve ever heard of?
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
05:55
Alright, Lee, thank you.
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ืื– ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื ื—ืชื™ ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืฉืœ ืœื™
05:57
Weโ€™re going to pause you there.
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05:58
Round of applause. Thank you both.
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ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžืจื˜ื™ืŸ.
06:00
(Applause)
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ืจืฆืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืกื•ื™, ืžืฆืืชื™ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ืคืš.
06:04
So for a long time, I assumed that people in Lee's position
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ืชื‘ืงืฉื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืืงืจืื™ ืœืกืคื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ืชื‘ืจื›ื• ื‘ื”ื,
06:08
were going to be happier than Martin.
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ื”ื™ื• ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ืžืื•ืฉืจื™ื ืคื—ื•ืช
06:11
But when I ran the experiment, I found the exact opposite.
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ื›ื™ ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื™ื’ืžืจ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืืชื ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”ื.
06:14
That people who are randomly assigned to count more blessings,
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ื•ืื ืืชื ืœื ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื...
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:17
are actually, on average, less happy
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ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืงืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื›ื,
06:20
because you start to run out of things to be optimistic about.
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ื›ื›ื” ืชืจื’ื™ืฉื• ื™ื•ืชืจ ื›ืื™ืœื•, ื‘ืกื“ืจ, ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœื ื›ืืœื” ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื.
06:23
And if you don't know that many poets ...
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06:25
(Laughter)
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ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื”,
06:27
The harder it is to find good things about your life,
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ื—ื•ืงืจื™ื ืžืฆืื• ืฉื”ืžื ื‘ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืœ ืฉึฐืืœื•ึนืžื•ึผืช, ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžื™ื•ืช.
06:30
the more you feel like, well, maybe my life isn't that good.
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื–ืจื™ืžื”.
06:35
In the early days of the pandemic,
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ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืฉืœ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžื•ื—ืœื˜,
06:36
researchers found that the best predictor of well-being was not optimism.
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ืฉื˜ื‘ืข ื”ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ ืžื™ื”ืื™ ืฆโ€™ื™ืงืกื ื˜ืžื™ื”ืื™ื™.
06:41
It was flow.
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ื–ื”ื• ืžืฆื‘ ืฉื‘ื• ืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉืงื•ืข ืœื’ืžืจื™ ื‘ืคืขื™ืœื•ืช.
06:43
Flow is that feeling of being in the zone,
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื›ื, ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืฉื•ืœ ืื• ืจื™ืฆื” ืื• ื’ื™ื ื•ืŸ
06:46
coined by the psychologist Mihรกly Csรญkszentmihรกlyi.
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ืฉื ืืชื ืžืื‘ื“ื™ื ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ
06:50
It's that state of total absorption in an activity.
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ื•ืื•ืœื™ ืืคื™ืœื• ืชืื‘ื“ื• ืืช ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœื›ื.
06:52
For you, it might be cooking or running or gardening
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ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื”ื™ื ื›ื•ื— ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ื ื’โ€ฒ ื‘ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก
ื›ื™ ืืชื ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืœืขื•ืœื ืื—ืจ
06:57
where you lose track of time
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06:58
and you might even lose your sense of self.
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ื•ืฉื•ืงืขื™ื ื‘ืกื™ืคื•ืจ.
ืื‘ืœ ืฆืคื™ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ื’โ€ฒ ื”ื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื—ื” ื–ืžื ื™ืช ืžโ€œื“ืขื™ื›ื”โ€œ, ื•ืœื ืชืจื•ืคื”.
07:02
Flow is the appeal of a Netflix binge
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07:04
because you get transported into a different world
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ื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื ืžืฉืื™ืจื” ืืชื›ื ืขื ื›ืžื” ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื ืืกื™ืžื˜ืจื™ื•ืช.
07:07
and immersed in a story.
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07:09
But bingeing is a temporary escape from languishing, not a cure.
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ืื•ืœื™ ืชืื”ื‘ื• ืœื‘ืœื•ืช ืขื ื”ื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœื›ื:
ืฆโ€™ื ื“ืœืจ,
ืืจื™ื”,
07:14
At best, it leaves you with a bunch of asymmetric relationships.
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ื“ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜,
ื‘ืืคื™ - ื‘ืืคื™, ืžื™ืฉื”ื•? -
07:17
You might love hanging out with your friends:
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื’โ€™ื• ื”ืืงื–ื•ื˜ื™
07:20
Chandler,
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ื”ื—ื–ื™ืจื” ืคืคื”
07:22
Arya,
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07:23
Dwight,
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(ืœื•ื—ืฉ) ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืฉืืชื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื.
07:25
Buffy -- Buffy, anyone? --
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07:26
(Laughter)
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07:27
Joe Exotic,
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ื‘ื™ื ื’โ€ฒ ื”ื™ื ืžืขื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืคืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™,
07:29
Peppa Pig.
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07:31
(Whispers) But they don't know you exist.
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ื–ืจื™ืžืช ืฉื™ื ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ื”ืฉืชืชืคื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื”
ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”ืืžืชื™,
07:35
Bingeing is passive engagement in a fictional world,
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ื•ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื”ื•ืคืชืขืชื™ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืฉืœื™
07:39
peak flow depends on active participation
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ื‘ื ื”ื™ื’ื” ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ืช ืžืฆื•ื™ืจืช ื‘ืžืฉื—ืง ื ื™ื ื˜ื ื“ื•.
07:42
in the real world,
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07:44
which is why I was so surprised to find my flow
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ืžื’ื™ืคื”,
ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื ืฉืืจื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืžืจื—ื•ืง,
07:47
while driving a cartoon car in a Nintendo game.
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ื•ื–ื” ื ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื” ืฉืœืžื”.
ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืงืœ.
07:53
When the pandemic first started,
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ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ื–ื” ื‘ืชืขื•ื“ื” ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื ื• ื‘ืŸ ื”ืฉืฉ.
07:54
all three of our kids were at home in online school,
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[ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฉืชื™ืง ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื•ืœื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืชืงื” ื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืชื‘ืงืฉ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช]
07:57
and that lasted for a full year.
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07:59
It was not easy.
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08:01
One day we found this on our six-year-old's report card.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืื ื™ ืžื›ื™ืจ ื›ืžื” ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื ืงืœื˜ื• ืืช ื–ื”,
08:04
[can independently mute and unmute himself when requested to do so]
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ืœื ืจืง ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ืืœื ื’ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืืžืชื™ื™ื.
08:09
(Laughter)
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ืื– ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืฉืžื•ื— ื‘ื–ื”.
08:12
You know, I know some adults who still haven't figured that out yet,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืžื• ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื›ื, ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืžื‘ื•ื“ื“ื™ื ืžื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืžื•ืจื—ื‘ืช.
08:15
not just online, but in real life, too.
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ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ื‘ืงืฆื” ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”.
08:18
So I guess we had that to celebrate.
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ื•ื™ื•ื ืื—ื“ ื ื–ื›ืจื ื• ื›ืžื” ืื”ื‘ื ื• ืœืฉื—ืง ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜
08:21
But like many of you, we were isolated from extended family.
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ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื.
ื•ื”ื™ื ืืžืจื”, โ€œื˜ื•ื‘, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืœืฉื—ืง ื‘ื™ื—ื“ ืื•ื ืœื™ื™ืŸ.โ€
08:25
My sister was halfway across the country.
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08:28
And one day we were reminiscing about how much we love playing Mario Kart
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ืœืžื” ืฉืœื ื ืคืชื— ืžืฉื—ืง ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™?
ื•ื“ื™ ืžื”ืจ ืฉื™ื—ืงื ื• ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื
08:32
as we were kids.
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ืขื ืฉื™ื—ืช ื•ื™ื“ืื• ืจืฆื” ื‘ืžืงื‘ื™ืœ.
08:33
And she said, "Well, we could all play together online now."
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ื•ืื—ืจื™ ื›ืžื” ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ื”ืคืกืงืชื™ ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื›ื‘ื•ื™.
08:36
Why don't we start a family game?
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08:38
And soon we were playing every day
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ื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื–ืŸ ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜.
08:40
with a video call running at the same time.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
08:43
And after a couple of weeks I stopped feeling so blah.
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ื•ื‘ื‘ื•ืงืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ืชืขื•ืจืจื•, ืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืžืชื™ ื ืฉื—ืง.
08:47
I was living zen in the art of Mario Kart.
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ื ืœื”ื‘ื™ื.
ื•ื”ื ืื”ื‘ื• ืืช ื–ื” ืฉื”ืชืจื‘ืจื‘ืชื™ ื‘ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ ืžืชืงืจื‘,
08:50
(Laughter)
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08:51
In the morning our kids were waking up, asking what time we would play.
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ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืคืฆืฅ ื‘ืคื’ื– ื›ื—ื•ืœ ืžืขื•ืคืฃ
08:55
They were excited.
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ื•ืื– ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืฉืœื•ืฉืช ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•
08:57
And they loved it when I would gloat about an impending victory,
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ื—ื•ืœืคื™ื ืขืœ ืคื ื™ื™ ืœืงื• ื”ืกื™ื•ื ื‘ืžื›ื•ื ื™ื•ืช ืžืจื•ืฅ ื–ืขื™ืจื•ืช.
09:00
only to be bombed by a flying blue shell
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื ื• ื›ื™ืฃ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืชื—ืœื ื• ืžืกื•ืจืช ืžื•ืฆโ€œืฉ ื—ื“ืฉื”
09:03
and then just sit there watching all three of our kids
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื ืจื“ืžื•.
09:06
drive past me to the finish line in tiny go-carts.
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ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื.
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:10
We had so much fun that we started a new Saturday night tradition
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ืื– ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ืจื”ืจื ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื”ื–ื•,
09:13
after the kids were asleep.
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ืื ื™ ื’ืื” ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ื‘ืคืขื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื”
09:15
Adult Mario Kart.
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09:16
(Laughter)
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ืืช ืชืื•ืจื™ื™ืช ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜ ืฉืœื™ ืขืœ ื–ืจื™ืžืช ืฉื™ื.
09:19
So after reflecting on that experience,
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ื™ืฉ ืœื” ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ืชื ืื™ื: ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช, ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืœื ืก ื•ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช.
09:22
I'm proud to present to you for the first time
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09:25
my Mario Kart theory of peak flow.
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ื ืชื—ื™ืœ ืขื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช.
ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืžืฉื”ื•
ืฉืœืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœืžืฆื•ื ื‘ื–ืžืŸ ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ.
09:29
It has three conditions: mastery, mindfulness and mattering.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฉื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
09:34
Let's start with mastery.
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ื”ื’ื•ืจื ื”ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ืฆื™ื” ื•ืฉืžื—ื” ื™ื•ืžื™ื•ืžื™ืช
09:35
Mastery is something
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09:37
a lot of us have been having a hard time finding lately.
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ื”ื•ื ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ื”ืชืงื“ืžื•ืช.
09:39
(Laughter)
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09:40
Psychologists find that at work
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ืื ื• ืžื’ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืื•ืฉืจ ืฉืœื ื•, ื‘ืชืจื‘ื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืขืจื‘ื™ื•ืช, ืชืœื•ื™
09:43
the strongest factor in daily motivation and joy
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ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื”ืชื ื”ืœื•ืช ื”ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื™ื•ื ืžืืฉืจ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ื”ืชื ื”ืœื• ืืชืžื•ืœ.
09:46
is a sense of progress.
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09:48
We find that our happiness depends in Western cultures
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ืœื›ืŸ โ€œื ื™ื™ืงื™โ€ ืื•ืžืจื™ื, โ€œืคืฉื•ื˜ ืชืขืฉื• ืืช ื–ื”โ€œ.
ืื ื™ ืžื ื™ื— ืฉืื โ€œื ื™ื™ืงื™โ€ ื”ื™ื• ืžืชื—ื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื•ืงื“ืช ืขื‘ืจ ื›ืžื• ืกื™ืŸ
09:52
more on how our projects are going today than how they went yesterday.
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ื”ืกื™ืกืžื” ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” โ€œืคืฉื•ื˜ ืขืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื–ื”โ€œ.
09:56
That's why Nike says, "Just do it."
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09:59
I guess if Nike had been started in a more past-focused country like China,
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ืื ื“ืขื™ื›ื” ื”ื™ื ืงื™ืคืื•ืŸ, ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื›ืจื•ื›ื” ื‘ืžื•ืžื ื˜ื•ื.
10:04
their slogan would be, "Just did it."
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืฉื’ ื’ื“ื•ืœ,
ื”ื™ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื.
10:09
If languishing is stagnation, flow involves momentum.
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ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื” ื ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœืฉื‘ืฅ-ื ื ื‘ืจืฉืช
10:13
But mastery does not have to be a big accomplishment,
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ืœื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืฉื—ืง ืžื™ืœื” ื‘ืช ืฉื‘ืข ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช.
10:17
it can be small wins.
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ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉื•
10:19
Small wins explain why I was drawn to online Scrabble
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ืœืืคื•ืช ืืช ื”ื›ื™ื›ืจ ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืœื—ื ืžื—ืžืฆืช.
10:22
for the rush of playing a seven-letter word.
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ื•ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ื ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื™ื ืžืกื‘ื™ืจื™ื ืœืžื” ืžื”ื ื“ืก ืื—ื“ ื‘ื™ืœื” ืื—ืจ ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื ืฉืœื
10:25
Small wins makes sense of why so many people were thrilled
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ื‘ื”ืชืžืงืฆืขื•ืช ื‘ืืžื ื•ืช ื”ืขืจืžืช M&M ืื—ื“ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื ื™.
10:28
to bake their first loaf of sourdough bread.
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10:30
And small wins explain why one engineer spent an entire afternoon
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ื”ืกืชื›ืœื•.
(ื•ื™ื“ืื•) ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื—ืฉื‘ืชื™.
10:35
mastering the art of stacking M&M's on top of each other.
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10:40
Take a look.
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10:42
(Video) This is going to be harder than I thought.
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ื”ื•!
ื”ื•!
ื—ืžื™ืฉื” M&Ms! ื—ืžื™ืฉื” M&Ms!
(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
10:51
Oh!
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ืโ€œื’: ืžืกืชื‘ืจ ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉื™ื ืขื•ืœืžื™.
10:53
Oh!
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10:54
Five M&Ms! Five M&Ms!
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ื–ื• ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชื ืื™ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœื–ืจื™ืžื”,
10:58
(Laughter)
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ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืœื ืก.
11:00
AG: Turns out that was a world record.
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ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ืžืœื•ื ืชืฉื•ืžืช ื”ืœื‘ ืฉืœื›ื ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืื—ืช,
11:02
(Laughter)
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ืœื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืจื‘ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ืžืžืฉ ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ืืœื”.
11:04
That kind of mastery depends on a second condition for flow,
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11:07
mindfulness.
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[ืืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ? ืืช ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ืฉืžื” ืœื‘ ืœืกืคืจ ืฉืœืš, ืœื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ, ืœืชื›ื ื™ืช...]
11:09
Focusing your full attention on a single task,
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[...ืœืœืคื˜ื•ืค ื•ืœืชืฉื‘ืฅ ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืช ืœืคื ื™ ืขืฉืจ ื“ืงื•ืช.]
11:12
not something a lot of us are doing that much these days.
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ื™ืฉ ืขื“ื•ื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื“ืงื™ื ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื 74 ืคืขืžื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื,
11:16
[Are you OK? Youโ€™re barely paying attention to your book, phone, show ... ]
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11:19
[ ... laptop and the crossword you started ten minutes ago.]
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ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืžืฉื™ืžื•ืช ื›ืœ 10 ื“ืงื•ืช,
11:22
There's evidence that on average, people are checking emails 74 times a day,
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ื•ื–ื” ื™ื•ืฆืจ ืืช ืžื” ืฉื ืงืจื ืงื•ื ืคื˜ื™ (ืคืชื™ืชื•ื ื™) ื–ืžืŸ,
ืœื•ืงื—ื™ื ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืจื’ืขื™ื ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื ื•
11:27
switching tasks every 10 minutes,
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ื•ืื ื—ื ื• ื’ื•ืจืกื™ื ืื•ืชื
ืœื—ืชื™ื›ื•ืช ืงื˜ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื™ื•ืชืจ ื•ื—ืกืจื•ืช ืชื•ืขืœืช.
11:32
and that creates what's been called time confetti,
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ืงื•ื ืคื˜ื™ ื–ืžืŸ ื”ื•ื ืื•ื™ื‘ ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืื ืจื’ื™ื” ื•ื”ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืฆื•ื™ื ื•ืช.
11:35
where we take what could be meaningful moments of our lives
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11:37
and we shred them
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ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืžืฆื•ื ื–ืจื™ืžื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ.
11:39
into increasingly tiny, useless pieces.
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[ื–ื” ืžื•ื ืข ืžืžื ื™ ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื›ืœ ืฉืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื•ืช.]
11:42
Time confetti is an enemy of both energy and of excellence.
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11:46
If we want to find flow, we need better boundaries.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื›ืฉืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช,
11:50
[It keeps me from looking at my phone every two seconds.]
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืขืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ ืฉืขืจื›ื” ื—ื•ืงืจืช ื”ืืจื’ื•ื ื™ื ืœืกืœื™ ืคืจืœื•.
11:54
(Laughter)
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ื”ื™ื ื”ืœื›ื” ืœื—ื‘ืจืช ืคื•ืจืฆโ€™ืŸ 500 ื•ื‘ื—ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืงื˜
11:57
When I think about boundaries,
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11:58
I think of an experiment by organizational scholar Leslie Perlow.
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ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื•ืช ืฉืœื•ืฉื” ื‘ืงืจื™ื ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื.
12:02
She went to a Fortune 500 company and she tested a quiet time policy.
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ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข, ืžื”ื ื“ืกื™ื ืขืœื• ื‘ืคืจื™ื•ืŸ.
47 ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžื”ืจื’ื™ืœ.
12:07
No interruptions three mornings a week before noon.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื—ืœืง ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ื”ื•ื ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืงื‘ืขื” ื–ืžืŸ ืฉืงื˜ ื›ืžื“ื™ื ื™ื•ืช ืจืฉืžื™ืช,
12:11
On average, engineers spiked in productivity.
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ื”ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืขืœืชื” ื‘-65% ืžืขืœ ืœืžืžื•ืฆืข.
12:14
47 percent of them were more productive than usual.
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12:17
But the best part is that when the company made quiet time official policy,
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืฉื”ื• ืงืกื•ื
ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™, ื—ืžื™ืฉื™, ื•ืฉื™ืฉื™ ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฆื”ืจื™ื™ื.
12:21
they had 65 percent above average productivity.
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ื”ืœืงื— ื›ืืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืขืœื™ื ื• ืœื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืก ืœืคืจืงื™ ื–ืžืŸ ืœืœื ื”ืคืจืขื”
12:25
I don't think there's anything magical
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ื›ืืœ ืื•ืฆืจื•ืช ืœืฉืžื™ืจื”.
12:27
about Tuesday, Thursday, Friday before noon.
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ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืœื ืก ื™ื’ืจืžื• ืœื›ื ืœื–ืจื•ื,
12:30
The lesson here is that we need to treat uninterrupted blocks of time
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืชื ืื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉื™ ืฉื”ื•ืคืš ืื•ืชื” ืœื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ื.
12:33
as treasures to guard.
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ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช. ื”ื™ื“ื™ืขื” ืฉืืชื ืžื—ื•ืœืœื™ื ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืื ืฉื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื.
12:36
Now, mastery and mindfulness will get you to flow,
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืงืจื™ื™ืจื” ืฉืœื™, ื—ืงืจืชื™ ื˜ืœืคื ื™ื ืœื’ื™ื•ืก ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช
12:40
but there's a third condition that turns it into a peak experience.
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ืฉืคื ื• ืœื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืœื’ื™ื™ืก ืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ืœืื•ื ื™ื‘ืจืกื™ื˜ื”,
12:43
Mattering. Knowing that you make a difference to other people.
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ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ื ื“ื•ืขื›ื™ื ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืฉืœื˜ ื”ื–ื” ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ืจ.
12:48
Early in my career, I was studying fundraising callers
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[ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืžื• ืœื”ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืžื›ื ืกื™ื™ื ื‘ื—ืœื™ืคื” ื›ื”ื”]
12:50
who were trying to bring in alumni donations to a university,
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[ืืชื” ืžืงื‘ืœ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ื—ืžื” ืื‘ืœ ืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ ืœื ืฉื ืœื‘]
12:54
and I knew they were languishing when I saw this sign posted on their wall.
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื—ืงื•ืจ ื›ื™ืฆื“ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ืœื”ื ืฉื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื”ื ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื”.
12:58
[Doing a good job here is like wetting your pants in a dark suit]
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ืื– ืขื™ืฆื‘ืชื™ ืกื“ืจื” ืฉืœ ื ื™ืกื•ื™ื™ื
13:02
[You get a warm feeling but no one else notices]
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ื•ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื—ื•ื“ืฉ ื”ืงืจื•ื‘, ืงื‘ื•ืฆืช ื˜ืœืคื ื™ื ืื—ืช ื‘ืžืžื•ืฆืข
13:04
(Laughter)
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13:06
I wanted to study how to show them that their work mattered.
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ื”ื›ืคื™ืœื” ืืช ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืข
13:09
So I designed a series of experiments
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ื•ื›ืžืขื˜ ืฉื™ืœืฉื” ืืช ื”ื”ื›ื ืกื” ื”ืฉื‘ื•ืขื™ืช.
13:12
and over the next month, one group of callers on average
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ืžื” ืฉืฉื™ื ื” ืืช ื”ืžืฆื‘ ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ืคื’ื™ืฉ ืื•ืชื ื‘ืืงืจืื™ ืขื ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ ืื—ื“
13:15
more than doubled in weekly time on the phone
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ืฉื”ืžืœื’ื” ืฉืœื• ืžื•ืžื ื” ื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืขื‘ื•ื“ืชื.
13:17
and nearly tripled in weekly revenue.
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืชืžืงื“ ื‘ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืžื•ื ื•ื˜ื•ื ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช,
13:20
What moved the needle was randomly assigning them to meet one student
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ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื‘ืžื˜ืจื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช ืฉืœ ืขื–ืจื” ื‘ืžื™ืžื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืจ ื”ืœื™ืžื•ื“.
13:24
whose scholarship had been funded by their work.
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13:28
Now, instead of focusing on the monotonous process of making calls,
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ืื– ื—ืฉื‘ื• ืขืœ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžืฆื‘ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื’ืจื•ืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืื ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
13:31
they were absorbed in a meaningful purpose of helping to fund tuition.
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ืืœื” ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™ืช.
ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื“ืขืช ืืช ืฉืžื•ืชื™ื”ื, ื•ืœื”ื›ื™ืจ ืืช ืคื ื™ื”ื ื•ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื”ื,
13:36
So think about the people who would be worse off if your job didn't exist.
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ื•ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื‘ืคืจื•ื™ืงื˜ื™ื ืฉืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœื”ื.
13:40
Those are the people who make your work matter.
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ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืžืกื‘ื™ืจ ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜ ื”ื™ื” ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื ื”ื“ืจืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขื‘ื•ืจื™.
13:43
You need to know their names, their faces and their stories,
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ื–ื” ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืชื—ื•ืฉื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช,
13:47
and you can find flow in projects that benefit them.
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ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืง ื”ืžืชื•ืง ืฉืœ ืงืœื™ืคืช ื‘ื ื ื” ืฉืžื•ื ื—ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ืžื•ืฉืœื
13:51
This all explains why Mario Kart was such a great experience for me.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉืื—ื•ืชื™ ืชื—ืœื™ืง ืขืœื™ื”.
13:54
It gave me a feeling of mastery,
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ื–ื” ื’ื ื“ืจืฉ ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืœื ืก.
13:56
the sweet satisfaction of a perfectly placed banana peel
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ื’ื™ืกื™ ื”ื™ื” ื”ืฉื—ืงืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืฆื— ืื•ืชื• ื ื“ืจืฉ ืจื™ื›ื•ื– ืžื•ื—ืœื˜,
14:00
for my sister to slip on.
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ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ื›ืฉื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื—ื‘ืจื• ืืœื™ื• ื ื’ื“ื™.
14:03
It required mindfulness too.
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14:05
My brother-in-law was the best player.
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืจืง ืžืฉื—ืง. ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
14:07
Beating him demanded total concentration,
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ื‘ืฉื ื” ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื ื• ื—ืกืจื™ ืื•ื ื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ื–ื• ืื• ืื—ืจืช.
14:09
especially when my kids were ganging up with him against me.
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14:13
And it wasn't just a game. It mattered.
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ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื—ืกืจ ืื•ื ื™ื ืœืชืงืŸ ืืช ื”ืงื•ืจื•ื ื”.
ืืคื™ืœื• ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉืคืจ ืืช ื”ืœืžื™ื“ื” ืžืจื—ื•ืง.
14:17
Over the past year, we've all felt helpless in one way or another.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžื•ืจื”.
ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜, ื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ืžื•ืขื™ืœ.
14:21
I felt helpless to fix covid.
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14:23
I couldn't even do that much to make online school better.
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ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืชืช ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืœืฆืคื•ืช ืœื•
14:26
And I'm a teacher.
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ื›ืฉืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืœืœื›ืช ืœืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื.
ื”ืฆืœื—ืชื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ืงืจื•ื‘ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื ื–ื” ืžื–ื”.
14:28
But in Mario Kart, I felt helpful.
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14:31
I was able to give my kids something to look forward to
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื–ืจื™ืžื” ื›ืขืœ ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ืช.
14:34
when we couldn't go anywhere.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืฉื™ื—ืงื ื• ื ื™ื ื˜ื ื“ื•, ื›ื•ืœื ื• ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ืฉืงื•ืขื™ื ื™ื—ื“.
14:36
I was able to keep my family close when we were far apart.
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืฉื—ืงื™ื ื‘ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื,
14:40
We normally think of flow as an individual experience.
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ืื ื™ ืžืจื’ื™ืฉ ืงืจื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืื—ื•ืชื™ ื•ืœื’ื™ืกื™
ืžืื™ ืคืขื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
14:43
But playing Nintendo, we were all immersed together.
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ืฉืื”ื‘ื” ืื™ื ื” ืชืœื•ื™ื” ื‘ืชื“ื™ืจื•ืช ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช,
14:46
And although we don't play daily anymore,
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14:48
I feel closer to my sister and my brother-in-law
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ืืœื ื‘ืขื•ืžืง ื”ืงืฉืจื™ื.
14:51
than I ever had before.
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ื’ื ื”ื‘ื ืชื™ ืฉืชืจื•ืคืช ื”ื ื’ื“ ืœื“ืขื™ื›ื”
14:53
I learned that love is not the frequency of communication,
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ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืคืจื•ื“ื•ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™,
14:56
it's the depth of connections.
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ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืฉื”ื• ืžื”ื ื”.
14:59
I also realized that the antidote to languishing
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ืจื’ืขื™ ืฉื™ื ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื” ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื ื›ืฉืื ื• ื ื”ื ื™ื ืขื ืืœื” ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื,
15:02
does not have to be something productive,
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ื•ื–ื• ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื™ื•ื-ื™ื•ืžื™ืช ื‘ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืžื˜ืœื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
15:05
it can be something joyful.
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15:07
Our peak moments of flow are having fun with the people we love,
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ื’ืจืกื” ืฉืœื›ื ืœืžืจื™ื• ืงืืจื˜?
ื”ื™ื›ืŸ ืืชื ืžื•ืฆืื™ื ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžื™ื™ื ื“ืคื•ืœื ืก ืขื ื”ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื›ื?
15:12
which is now a daily task on my to-do list.
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื—ื“ืฉ
15:16
So what's your version of Mario Kart?
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ืขืœ ื‘ืจื™ืื•ืช ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืขืœ ืจื•ื•ื—ื”.
15:18
Where do you find mastery and mindfulness with the people who matter to you?
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ืœื ื‘ื“ื™ื›ืื•ืŸ ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื ืœื ื ืื‘ืงื™ื.
15:23
I think we need to rethink our understanding
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ืœื ื›ื‘ื•ื™ื™ื
15:25
of mental health and well-being.
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ืœื ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืืชื ื ืžืจืฆื™ื.
15:27
Not depressed doesn't mean you're not struggling.
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ื›ืฉืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืื•ืžืจ, โ€œืžื” ืฉืœื•ืžืš?โ€
ื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, โ€œื‘ื›ื ื•ืช, ืื ื™ ื“ึธืขื•ึผืšึฐ.โ€
15:32
Not burned out
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15:33
doesn't mean you're fired up.
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ืื• ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืจืง ืœื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื” ืื—ืช,
15:35
When someone says, "How are you?,"
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โ€œืื”โ€
15:38
it's OK to say, "Honestly, I'm languishing."
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
ื•ื›ืฉืืชื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื, ืชืชื—ื™ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื”ื–ืจื™ืžื”
15:42
Or if you can only muster one syllable,
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ืฉืžืื™ืจื” ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ืžืชื•ืš ื”ืจื™ืง.
15:45
"Meh."
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ืชื•ื“ื”.
(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
15:47
(Laughter)
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15:48
And when you're ready, you can start finding the flow
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15:51
that lights a path out of the void.
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15:53
Thank you.
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15:54
(Applause)
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ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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