Rana el Kaliouby: This app knows how you feel — from the look on your face

Prevoditelj: Anja Kolobarić Recezent: Vanja Kovac

Our emotions influence every aspect of our lives,

Naše emocije utječu na svako područje naših života,

from our health and how we learn, to how we do business and make decisions,

od zdravlja i načina na koji učimo do toga kako radimo i donosimo odluke,

big ones and small.

bile one velike ili male.

Our emotions also influence how we connect with one another.

Naše emocije također utječu na način na koji se povezujemo s drugima.

We've evolved to live in a world like this,

Razvili smo se za život u ovakvom svijetu,

but instead, we're living more and more of our lives like this --

no umjesto toga sve više i više živimo ovako -

this is the text message from my daughter last night --

ovo je sinoćnji SMS moje kćeri -

in a world that's devoid of emotion.

u svijetu lišenom emocija.

So I'm on a mission to change that.

Ja to želim promijeniti.

I want to bring emotions back into our digital experiences.

Želim vratiti emocije u digitalni svijet.

I started on this path 15 years ago.

U to sam se upustila prije 15 godina.

I was a computer scientist in Egypt,

Bila sam računalna znanstvenica u Egiptu

and I had just gotten accepted to a Ph.D. program at Cambridge University.

i bila sam primljena na doktorski studij na sveučilištu u Cambridgeu.

So I did something quite unusual

Učinila sam nešto prilično neuobičajeno

for a young newlywed Muslim Egyptian wife:

za egipatsku muslimansku mladenku:

With the support of my husband, who had to stay in Egypt,

uz potporu supruga koji je ostao u Egiptu,

I packed my bags and I moved to England.

spakirala sam kofere i preselila u Englesku.

At Cambridge, thousands of miles away from home,

Na Cambridgeu, kilometrima daleko od kuće,

I realized I was spending more hours with my laptop

shvatila sam da više vremena provodim s laptopom

than I did with any other human.

nego s bilo kojim drugim ljudskim bićem.

Yet despite this intimacy, my laptop had absolutely no idea how I was feeling.

Unatoč ovoj intimnosti moj laptop nije imao pojma kako se ja osjećam.

It had no idea if I was happy,

Nije znao jesam li sretna,

having a bad day, or stressed, confused,

tužna, pod stresom, zbunjena,

and so that got frustrating.

što je postalo frustrirajuće.

Even worse, as I communicated online with my family back home,

Tim više, dok sam online kontaktirala s obitelji,

I felt that all my emotions disappeared in cyberspace.

osjećala sam kako sve moje emocije nestaju u cyber-prostoru.

I was homesick, I was lonely, and on some days I was actually crying,

Nedostajala mi je kuća, bila sam usamljena, a nekada sam znala čak i zaplakati,

but all I had to communicate these emotions was this.

ali svoje sam emocije mogla prenijeti samo ovako.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Today's technology has lots of I.Q., but no E.Q.;

Suvremena tehnologija ima puno IQ-a, a ništa EQ-a,

lots of cognitive intelligence, but no emotional intelligence.

puno kognitivne inteligencije, ništa emocionalne inteligencije,

So that got me thinking,

što mi je dalo na razmišljanje -

what if our technology could sense our emotions?

što kad bi naša tehnologija mogla osjetiti naše emocije?

What if our devices could sense how we felt and reacted accordingly,

Što kad bi sve naprave mogle osjetiti naše raspoloženje i reagirati na njih

just the way an emotionally intelligent friend would?

onako kako bi to napravio emocionalno inteligentan prijatelj.

Those questions led me and my team

Ta su pitanja mene i moj tim naveli

to create technologies that can read and respond to our emotions,

na razvijanje tehnologije koja očitava i odgovara na naše emocije,

and our starting point was the human face.

a početna točka bilo nam je ljudsko lice.

So our human face happens to be one of the most powerful channels

Ljudsko lice jedno je od najmoćnijih kanala

that we all use to communicate social and emotional states,

za prijenos društvenih i emocionalnih stanja,

everything from enjoyment, surprise,

sve od užitka, iznenađenja,

empathy and curiosity.

empatije i znatiželje.

In emotion science, we call each facial muscle movement an action unit.

U znanosti emocija svaki je pokret facijalnih mišića akcijska jedinica.

So for example, action unit 12,

Npr. akcijska jedinica 12,

it's not a Hollywood blockbuster,

nije to holivudski blockbuster,

it is actually a lip corner pull, which is the main component of a smile.

nego se radi o podizanju kuta usnice, što je osnovna sastavnica osmijeha.

Try it everybody. Let's get some smiles going on.

Probajte. Da vidimo te osmijehe.

Another example is action unit 4. It's the brow furrow.

Drugi je primjer akcijska jedinica 4: boranje obrva.

It's when you draw your eyebrows together

To je kada skupite obrve

and you create all these textures and wrinkles.

čime stvarate ovakve teksture i bore.

We don't like them, but it's a strong indicator of a negative emotion.

Ne volimo ih, ali snažan su pokazatelj negativnih emocija.

So we have about 45 of these action units,

Imamo oko 45 ovakvih akcijskih jedinica

and they combine to express hundreds of emotions.

koje se kombiniraju kako bi izrazile stotine emocija.

Teaching a computer to read these facial emotions is hard,

Teško je naučiti računalo da ih očitava

because these action units, they can be fast, they're subtle,

jer mogu biti brze, suptilne su

and they combine in many different ways.

i mogu se kombinirati na različite načine.

So take, for example, the smile and the smirk.

Npr. smijeh i podsmijeh.

They look somewhat similar, but they mean very different things.

Izgledaju koliko-toliko slično, ali znače različite stvari.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

So the smile is positive,

Osmijeh je pozitivan,

a smirk is often negative.

a podsmijeh negativan.

Sometimes a smirk can make you become famous.

Nekad vas podsmijeh može proslaviti.

But seriously, it's important for a computer to be able

No ozbiljno, za računalo je važno da može

to tell the difference between the two expressions.

razlikovati ova dva izraza.

So how do we do that?

Kako da to izvedemo?

We give our algorithms

Tako da algoritmima damo

tens of thousands of examples of people we know to be smiling,

desetke tisuća primjera osmijeha ljudi

from different ethnicities, ages, genders,

različitih nacionalnosti, dobi, spolova,

and we do the same for smirks.

a isto to učinimo i za podsmijehe.

And then, using deep learning,

Zatim koristeći dubinsko učenje,

the algorithm looks for all these textures and wrinkles

algoritam traži sve te teksture i bore

and shape changes on our face,

i promjene oblika lica

and basically learns that all smiles have common characteristics,

te nauči da svi osmjesi imaju zajedničke karakteristike,

all smirks have subtly different characteristics.

a svi podsmjesi neznatno različite karakteristike.

And the next time it sees a new face,

Sljedeći put kad ugleda novo lice,

it essentially learns that

nauči da

this face has the same characteristics of a smile,

to lice ima iste karakteristike osmijeha

and it says, "Aha, I recognize this. This is a smile expression."

pa kaže: "Aha, znam što je to - osmijeh."

So the best way to demonstrate how this technology works

Najbolji način demonstracije funkcioniranja ove tehnologije

is to try a live demo,

jest demonstracija uživo.

so I need a volunteer, preferably somebody with a face.

Trebat će mi dobrovoljac, po mogućnosti netko s licem.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Cloe's going to be our volunteer today.

Cloe će biti naša dobrovoljka.

So over the past five years, we've moved from being a research project at MIT

Tijekom zadnjih pet godina iz istraživačkog projekta na MIT-u

to a company,

prerasli smo u tvrtku

where my team has worked really hard to make this technology work,

koja naporno radi da omogući funkcioniranje ove tehnologije,

as we like to say, in the wild.

kako mi to nazivamo, u divljini.

And we've also shrunk it so that the core emotion engine

Smanjili smo je tako da ključni motor za emocije

works on any mobile device with a camera, like this iPad.

radi na bilo kakvom uređaju s kamerom, poput ovog iPada.

So let's give this a try.

Isprobajmo ga.

As you can see, the algorithm has essentially found Cloe's face,

Kao što možete vidjeti, algoritam je prepoznao Chloeino lice

so it's this white bounding box,

vidljivo u ovoj bijeloj kutijici

and it's tracking the main feature points on her face,

i prati njezine glavne crte lica,

so her eyebrows, her eyes, her mouth and her nose.

dakle obrve, oči, usta i nos.

The question is, can it recognize her expression?

Pitanje glasi: prepoznaje li izraz lica?

So we're going to test the machine.

Testirat ćemo uređaj.

So first of all, give me your poker face. Yep, awesome. (Laughter)

Prvo mi pokaži pokerašku facu. Odlično. (Smijeh)

And then as she smiles, this is a genuine smile, it's great.

I onda kako se smije, ovo je iskren osmijeh, sjajno.

So you can see the green bar go up as she smiles.

Zelena se pokazatelj povećava kako se smije.

Now that was a big smile.

To je bio veliki osmijeh.

Can you try a subtle smile to see if the computer can recognize?

Sad probaj nešto manje očito da vidimo hoće li ga prepoznati.

It does recognize subtle smiles as well.

Prepoznaje i manje očite osmjehe.

We've worked really hard to make that happen.

Naporno smo radili da to postignemo.

And then eyebrow raised, indicator of surprise.

Zatim podignute obrve, pokazatelj iznenađenja.

Brow furrow, which is an indicator of confusion.

Naborane obrve, pokazatelj zbunjenosti.

Frown. Yes, perfect.

Namrgodi se. Tako, savršeno.

So these are all the different action units. There's many more of them.

To su sve različite akcijske jedinice, a ima ih još jako puno.

This is just a slimmed-down demo.

Ovo je samo osnovna demonstracija.

But we call each reading an emotion data point,

Svako očitanje nazivamo točkom emocionalnih podataka

and then they can fire together to portray different emotions.

i zajedno mogu izraziti različite emocije.

So on the right side of the demo -- look like you're happy.

Na desnoj strani izgledaj sretno.

So that's joy. Joy fires up.

To je sreća, povećava se.

And then give me a disgust face.

Sad nam pokaži gađenje.

Try to remember what it was like when Zayn left One Direction.

Sjeti se kako si se osjećala kad je Zayn napustio One Direction.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Yeah, wrinkle your nose. Awesome.

Da, naboraj nos. Odlično.

And the valence is actually quite negative, so you must have been a big fan.

Valencija je prilično negativna, mora da si bila njegov veliki fan.

So valence is how positive or negative an experience is,

Valencija pokazuje pozitivnost, tj. negativnost iskustva,

and engagement is how expressive she is as well.

a angažman pokazuje koliko je ekspresivna.

So imagine if Cloe had access to this real-time emotion stream,

Zamislite da Cloe ima pristup ovom emocionalnom prijenosu uživo

and she could share it with anybody she wanted to.

i da ga može podijeliti s bilo kime s kime želi.

Thank you.

Hvala.

(Applause)

(Pljesak)

So, so far, we have amassed 12 billion of these emotion data points.

Dosad smo prikupili 12 milijardi ovih jedinica emocionalnih podataka.

It's the largest emotion database in the world.

To je najveća baza podataka za emocije u svijetu.

We've collected it from 2.9 million face videos,

Prikupili smo ih iz 2,9 milijuna snimaka lica

people who have agreed to share their emotions with us,

ljudi koji su pristali podijeliti svoje emocije s nama

and from 75 countries around the world.

iz 75 zemalja diljem svijeta.

It's growing every day.

Svakim je danom sve veća.

It blows my mind away

Svakim me danom sve više oduševljava

that we can now quantify something as personal as our emotions,

kako možemo kvantificirati nešto tako osobno poput emocija,

and we can do it at this scale.

i to možemo prikazati na ovoj skali.

So what have we learned to date?

Što smo dosad naučili?

Gender.

Spol.

Our data confirms something that you might suspect.

Prikupljeni podatci potvrđuju nešto na što ste vjerojatno sumnjali.

Women are more expressive than men.

Žene su ekspresivnije od muškaraca.

Not only do they smile more, their smiles last longer,

Žene se više smiješe, a i osmjesi im dulje traju

and we can now really quantify what it is that men and women

te sada možemo zaista kvantificirati na što to muškarci i žene

respond to differently.

drugačije reagiraju.

Let's do culture: So in the United States,

Prijeđimo na kulturu. U SAD-u

women are 40 percent more expressive than men,

žene su 40% eskspresivnije od muškaraca,

but curiously, we don't see any difference in the U.K. between men and women.

ali zanimljivo je da tu razliku ne vidlmo u UK-u između muškaraca i žena.

(Laughter)

(Smijeh)

Age: People who are 50 years and older

Dob: ljudi od pedeset godina i više

are 25 percent more emotive than younger people.

25% su emotivniji od mlađih ljudi.

Women in their 20s smile a lot more than men the same age,

Žene u dvadesetima smiju se više nego muškarci iste dobi,

perhaps a necessity for dating.

što je vjerojatno nužno za romantične veze.

But perhaps what surprised us the most about this data

Vjerojatno najnevjerojatnija spoznaja

is that we happen to be expressive all the time,

jest da da smo ekspresivni cijelo vrijeme,

even when we are sitting in front of our devices alone,

čak i kad sami sjedimo ispred uređaja,

and it's not just when we're watching cat videos on Facebook.

a ne samo kad gledamo snimke mačaka na Facebooku.

We are expressive when we're emailing, texting, shopping online,

Ekspresivni smo dok pišemo mejlove, poruke, kupujemo online

or even doing our taxes.

ili pak računamo porez.

Where is this data used today?

Gdje se ovi podatci danas koriste?

In understanding how we engage with media,

U razumijevanju toga kako funkcioniramo s medijima,

so understanding virality and voting behavior;

dakle razumijevanje marketinga i glasačkog ponašanja,

and also empowering or emotion-enabling technology,

ali i u osnaživanju ili tehnologiji u službi emocija.

and I want to share some examples that are especially close to my heart.

Željela bih vam pokazati neke meni drage primjere.

Emotion-enabled wearable glasses can help individuals

Naočale za očitavanje emocija pomažu osobama

who are visually impaired read the faces of others,

oštećenog vida da čitaju emocije drugih,

and it can help individuals on the autism spectrum interpret emotion,

a mogu pomoći i autistima da prepoznaju emocije,

something that they really struggle with.

nešto što je njima zaista teško.

In education, imagine if your learning apps

Zamislite kad bi aplikacije za učenje u obrazovanju

sense that you're confused and slow down,

mogle osjetiti da ste zbunjeni i usporiti

or that you're bored, so it's sped up,

ili da vam je dosadno, pa ubrzati,

just like a great teacher would in a classroom.

baš poput odličnog učitelja u učionici.

What if your wristwatch tracked your mood,

Što kad bi vam ručni sat mogao pratiti raspoloženje

or your car sensed that you're tired,

ili kad bi automobil osjetio da ste umorni

or perhaps your fridge knows that you're stressed,

ili da hladnjak zna da ste pod stresom,

so it auto-locks to prevent you from binge eating. (Laughter)

pa se automatski zaključa da se ne bi prejedali. (Smijeh)

Meni bi to bilo super.

I would like that, yeah.

What if, when I was in Cambridge,

Što da sam, dok sam bila na Cambridgeu,

I had access to my real-time emotion stream,

imala pristup emocionalnom prijenosu uživo

and I could share that with my family back home in a very natural way,

i da sam to mogla podijeliti sa svojom obitelji na prirodan način,

just like I would've if we were all in the same room together?

kao što bih to učinila da smo zajedno u istoj prostoriji?

I think five years down the line,

Mislim da će za pet godina

all our devices are going to have an emotion chip,

svi naši uređaji imati emocionalni čip

and we won't remember what it was like when we couldn't just frown at our device

i bit će nam teško zamisliti kako je bilo kad se nismo mogli samo namrštiti uređaju,

and our device would say, "Hmm, you didn't like that, did you?"

a da nam on ne kaže: "Hmm, to ti se nije svidjelo, zar ne?"

Our biggest challenge is that there are so many applications of this technology,

Izazov je u tome što ovu tehnologiju možemo primijeniti na razne načine,

my team and I realize that we can't build them all ourselves,

a moj tim i ja shvaćamo da ne možemo sve to napraviti sami.

so we've made this technology available so that other developers

Stoga smo tu tehnologiju podijelili s drugim razvojnim inženjerima

can get building and get creative.

da je nastave razvijati i biti kreativni.

We recognize that there are potential risks

Shvaćamo potencijalne rizike,

and potential for abuse,

kao i potencijal za zloupotrebu,

but personally, having spent many years doing this,

ali osobno, nakon što sam tolike godine provela radeći na tome,

I believe that the benefits to humanity

vjerujem da su koristi za čovječanstvo

from having emotionally intelligent technology

od emocionalno inteligentne tehnologije

far outweigh the potential for misuse.

puno veće od potencijalne zloupotrebe.

And I invite you all to be part of the conversation.

Sve vas pozivam da budete dio rasprave.

The more people who know about this technology,

Što je više ljudi upoznato s tom tehnologijom,

the more we can all have a voice in how it's being used.

to će više nas imati pravo izabrati kako će se koristiti.

So as more and more of our lives become digital,

Što se naši životi sve više digitaliziraju,

we are fighting a losing battle trying to curb our usage of devices

to smo više osuđeni na propast u pokušaju da smanjimo upotrebu uređaja

in order to reclaim our emotions.

kako bismo povratili emocije.

So what I'm trying to do instead is to bring emotions into our technology

Ono što ja želim napraviti jest donijeti emocije u tehnologiju

and make our technologies more responsive.

te je učiniti osjetljivijom na nas.

So I want those devices that have separated us

Želim da nas ti uređaji koji su nas razdvajali

to bring us back together.

ponovno spoje.

And by humanizing technology, we have this golden opportunity

Humaniziranjem tehnologije dobivamo jedinstvenu priliku

to reimagine how we connect with machines,

ponovnog interpretiranja načina na koji se povezujemo sa strojevima

and therefore, how we, as human beings,

te samim time i kako se mi kao ljudska bića

connect with one another.

povezujemo jedni s drugima.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Pljesak)

(Applause)