How to build a company where the best ideas win | Ray Dalio

1,363,407 views ・ 2017-09-06

TED


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Prevoditelj: Marija Kostović Recezent: Tilen Pigac - EFZG
00:12
Whether you like it or not,
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Bez obzira sviđa li se to vama ili ne,
00:13
radical transparency and algorithmic decision-making is coming at you fast,
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radikalna transparentnost i algoritamsko odlučivanje stižu brzo
00:19
and it's going to change your life.
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i promijenit će vam život.
00:21
That's because it's now easy to take algorithms
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Tomu je tako jer je danas jednostavno
00:23
and embed them into computers
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algoritme ugraditi u računala
00:25
and gather all that data that you're leaving on yourself
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i skupiti sve te podatke koje ostavljate o sebi
00:28
all over the place,
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posvuda,
00:30
and know what you're like,
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i saznati kakvi ste,
00:31
and then direct the computers to interact with you
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a zatim usmjeriti računala da komuniciraju s vama
00:34
in ways that are better than most people can.
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na načine koji su bolji od većine ljudskih.
00:37
Well, that might sound scary.
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E, to može zvučati strašno.
00:39
I've been doing this for a long time and I have found it to be wonderful.
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Ja se time bavim dugo i mislim da je čarobno.
00:43
My objective has been to have meaningful work
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Moj je cilj bio imati smislen posao
00:46
and meaningful relationships with the people I work with,
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i smislene odnose sa suradnicima,
00:49
and I've learned that I couldn't have that
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a saznao sam da do toga ne mogu
00:51
unless I had that radical transparency and that algorithmic decision-making.
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ako ne uključim radikalnu transparentnost i to algoritamsko odlučivanje.
00:56
I want to show you why that is,
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Želim vam pokazati što je to,
00:58
I want to show you how it works.
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želim vam pokazati kako djeluje.
01:00
And I warn you that some of the things that I'm going to show you
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Upozoravam vas da bi neke stvari koje ću vam pokazati
01:03
probably are a little bit shocking.
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mogle biti pomalo šokantne.
01:05
Since I was a kid, I've had a terrible rote memory.
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Još kao dijete bio sam loš u učenju napamet.
01:09
And I didn't like following instructions,
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I nisam volio slijediti upute,
01:12
I was no good at following instructions.
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nisam bio dobar u poštivanju uputa.
01:14
But I loved to figure out how things worked for myself.
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Ali sviđalo mi se kada bih nešto odgonetnuo sȃm.
01:18
When I was 12,
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Kada sam imao 12 godina,
01:19
I hated school but I fell in love with trading the markets.
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mrzio sam školu, ali zaljubio sam se u trgovanje na tržištu.
01:23
I caddied at the time,
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Radio sam kao nosač palica za golf
01:25
earned about five dollars a bag.
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i zarađivao oko pet dolara po torbi.
01:27
And I took my caddying money, and I put it in the stock market.
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Tako zarađen novac uložio sam na burzu.
01:31
And that was just because the stock market was hot at the time.
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To je bilo samo zato što je burza bila popularna u to doba.
01:34
And the first company I bought
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Prva tvrtka koju sam kupio
01:35
was a company by the name of Northeast Airlines.
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bila je Northeast Airlines.
01:39
Northeast Airlines was the only company I heard of
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Northeast Airlines bila je jedina tvrtka za koju sam čuo
01:41
that was selling for less than five dollars a share.
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da se prodaje za manje od pet dolara po dionici.
01:44
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
01:46
And I figured I could buy more shares,
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Shvatio sam da mogu kupiti više dionica
01:48
and if it went up, I'd make more money.
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i ako porastu, zaradio bih više novaca.
01:50
So, it was a dumb strategy, right?
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To je bila glupa strategija, zar ne?
01:54
But I tripled my money,
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Ali utrostručio sam zaradu,
01:55
and I tripled my money because I got lucky.
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a utrostručio sam zaradu jer sam imao sreće.
01:58
The company was about to go bankrupt,
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Tvrtka je bila pred stečajem,
02:00
but some other company acquired it,
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ali kupila ju je neka druga tvrtka
02:02
and I tripled my money.
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i ja sam utrostručio zaradu.
02:03
And I was hooked.
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Navukao sam se.
02:05
And I thought, "This game is easy."
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Pomislio sam: "Ova igra je jednostavna."
02:09
With time,
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S vremenom
02:10
I learned this game is anything but easy.
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naučio sam da je ta igra sve samo ne jednostavna.
02:12
In order to be an effective investor,
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Da bi bio dobar ulagač,
02:14
one has to bet against the consensus
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moraš ići protiv struje
02:17
and be right.
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i biti u pravu.
02:19
And it's not easy to bet against the consensus and be right.
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A nije lako ići protiv struje i biti u pravu.
02:21
One has to bet against the consensus and be right
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Moraš ići protiv struje i biti u pravu
02:24
because the consensus is built into the price.
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jer je "struja" uključena u cijenu.
02:27
And in order to be an entrepreneur,
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I da bi bio poduzetnik,
02:30
a successful entrepreneur,
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uspješan poduzetnik,
02:32
one has to bet against the consensus and be right.
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moraš ići protiv struje i biti u pravu.
02:37
I had to be an entrepreneur and an investor --
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Morao sam biti poduzetnik i ulagač...
02:40
and what goes along with that is making a lot of painful mistakes.
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a to prati golem broj bolnih pogrešaka.
02:45
So I made a lot of painful mistakes,
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Napravio sam puno bolnih pogrešaka
02:48
and with time,
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i s vremenom
02:49
my attitude about those mistakes began to change.
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moj se stav o tim pogreškama počeo mijenjati.
02:52
I began to think of them as puzzles.
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Počeo sam gledati na njih kao na slagalice.
02:55
That if I could solve the puzzles,
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Ako riješim slagalicu,
02:57
they would give me gems.
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dobit ću nagradu.
02:58
And the puzzles were:
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A slagalica je bila:
03:00
What would I do differently in the future so I wouldn't make that painful mistake?
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Što mogu učiniti drukčije u budućnosti kako se bolne pogreške ne bi ponovile?
03:05
And the gems were principles
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Nagradu su činila načela
03:07
that I would then write down so I would remember them
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koja bih zapisao da ih zapamtim
03:10
that would help me in the future.
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i da mi pomognu u budućnosti.
03:12
And because I wrote them down so clearly,
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Budući da sam ih zapisao jasno,
03:15
I could then --
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mogao sam --
03:16
eventually discovered --
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to sam naknadno shvatio --
03:18
I could then embed them into algorithms.
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mogao sam ih ugraditi u algoritme.
03:23
And those algorithms would be embedded in computers,
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Ti bi se algoritmi ugradili u računala,
03:26
and the computers would make decisions along with me;
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a računala bi donosila odluke sa mnom;
03:30
and so in parallel, we would make these decisions.
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zajednički bismo donosili te odluke.
03:33
And I could see how those decisions then compared with my own decisions,
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I mogao sam usporediti te odluke s vlastitima
03:37
and I could see that those decisions were a lot better.
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i uvidjeti da su te odluke puno bolje.
03:40
And that was because the computer could make decisions much faster,
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Tomu je tako jer računalo puno brže donosi odluke,
03:45
it could process a lot more information
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obrađuje puno više informacija
03:47
and it can process decisions much more --
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i obrađuje odluke puno --
03:51
less emotionally.
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s puno manje emocija.
03:54
So it radically improved my decision-making.
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To je radikalno promijenilo moj proces odlučivanja.
04:00
Eight years after I started Bridgewater,
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Osam godina nakon osnutka Bridgewatera
04:05
I had my greatest failure,
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doživio sam najveći neuspjeh,
04:06
my greatest mistake.
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najveću pogrešku.
04:09
It was late 1970s,
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Bile su kasne 1970-e,
04:11
I was 34 years old,
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imao sam 34 godine,
04:13
and I had calculated that American banks
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i izračunao sam da su američke banke
04:17
had lent much more money to emerging countries
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posudile puno više novaca zemljama u razvoju
04:20
than those countries were going to be able to pay back
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nego što će te zemlje moći vratiti
04:23
and that we would have the greatest debt crisis
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i da ćemo doživjeti najveću dužničku krizu
04:25
since the Great Depression.
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od Velike depresije.
04:28
And with it, an economic crisis
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Uz to će doći gospodarska kriza
04:30
and a big bear market in stocks.
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uz veliki pad vrijednosti dionica.
04:33
It was a controversial view at the time.
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To je bilo kontroverzno gledište u ono doba.
04:35
People thought it was kind of a crazy point of view.
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Ljudi su mislili da je to pomalo ludo stajalište.
04:39
But in August 1982,
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Ali u kolovozu 1982.
04:41
Mexico defaulted on its debt,
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Meksiko nije platio svoj dug,
04:44
and a number of other countries followed.
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a zatim ni neke druge zemlje.
04:46
And we had the greatest debt crisis since the Great Depression.
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I imali smo najveću dužničku krizu od Velike depresije.
04:50
And because I had anticipated that,
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Budući da sam to predviđao,
04:53
I was asked to testify to Congress and appear on "Wall Street Week,"
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zvali su me da svjedočim u Kongresu i gostujem u emisiji "Wall Street Week",
04:58
which was the show of the time.
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popularnoj emisiji u ono doba.
05:00
Just to give you a flavor of that, I've got a clip here,
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Da vam to malo približim, imam ovdje isječak,
05:03
and you'll see me in there.
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gdje me možete vidjeti.
05:06
(Video) Mr. Chairman, Mr. Mitchell,
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(Videozapis) G. predsjedniče, g. Mitchell,
05:08
it's a great pleasure and a great honor to be able to appear before you
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zadovoljstvo mi je i čast što mogu s vama sudjelovati
05:11
in examination with what is going wrong with our economy.
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u ispitivanju što nije u redu s našim gospodarstvom.
05:15
The economy is now flat --
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Gospodarstvo nam je u recesiji --
05:17
teetering on the brink of failure.
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tetura po rubu kraha.
05:19
Martin Zweig: You were recently quoted in an article.
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Martin Zweig: Nedavno su vas citirali u članku.
05:22
You said, "I can say this with absolute certainty
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Rekli ste: "Apsolutno sam siguran
05:24
because I know how markets work."
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jer znam kako tržište funkcionira."
05:26
Ray Dalio: I can say with absolute certainty
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Ray Dalio: Apsolutno sam siguran
05:28
that if you look at the liquidity base
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da ako pogledate bazu likvidnosti
05:30
in the corporations and the world as a whole,
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u korporacijama i svijetu u cijelini,
05:33
that there's such reduced level of liquidity
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smanjena je razina likvidnosti
05:35
that you can't return to an era of stagflation."
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koju ne možete vratiti u doba stagflacije."
05:38
I look at that now, I think, "What an arrogant jerk!"
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Kada to vidim sada, pomislim: "Kakva arogantna budala!"
05:41
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
05:45
I was so arrogant, and I was so wrong.
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Bio sam arogantan i potpuno u krivu.
05:48
I mean, while the debt crisis happened,
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Mislim, dužnička se kriza dogodila,
05:50
the stock market and the economy went up rather than going down,
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ali burza i gospodarstvo išli su prema gore, a ne prema dolje
05:54
and I lost so much money for myself and for my clients
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i izgubio sam puno novaca, svojih i od svojih klijenata,
05:59
that I had to shut down my operation pretty much,
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toliko da sam morao gotovo pa zatvoriti tvrtku,
06:03
I had to let almost everybody go.
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morao sam skoro sve otpustiti.
06:05
And these were like extended family,
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A bili su mi kao šira obitelj,
06:07
I was heartbroken.
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srce mi se slamalo.
06:08
And I had lost so much money
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A izgubio sam toliko novaca
06:10
that I had to borrow 4,000 dollars from my dad
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da sam morao posuditi 4.000 dolara od oca
06:14
to help to pay my family bills.
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da bih mogao platiti režije.
06:16
It was one of the most painful experiences of my life ...
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To je bilo jedno od najbolnijih iskustava u mom životu...
06:21
but it turned out to be one of the greatest experiences of my life
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ali ispalo je da mi je to jedno od najboljh iskustava u životu
06:24
because it changed my attitude about decision-making.
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jer mi je promijenilo stav o procesu donošenja odluka.
06:28
Rather than thinking, "I'm right,"
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Umjesto da mislim: "U pravu sam,"
06:31
I started to ask myself,
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počeo sam se pitati:
06:32
"How do I know I'm right?"
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"Kako znam da sam u pravu?"
06:36
I gained a humility that I needed
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Stekao sam skromnost koja mi je bila potrebna
06:38
in order to balance my audacity.
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da bih uravnotežio svoju smjelost.
06:41
I wanted to find the smartest people who would disagree with me
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Htio sam pronaći najpametnije ljude koji bi mi proturiječili
06:45
to try to understand their perspective
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kako bih pokušao shvatiti njihovo stajalište
06:47
or to have them stress test my perspective.
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ili koji bi ispitali utemeljenost mojeg stajališta.
06:51
I wanted to make an idea meritocracy.
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Htio sam stvoriti meritokraciju ideja.
06:54
In other words,
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Drugim riječima,
06:55
not an autocracy in which I would lead and others would follow
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ne autokraciju u kojoj bih ja vodio, a drugi slijedili,
06:59
and not a democracy in which everybody's points of view were equally valued,
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ni demokraciju u kojoj stajališta svih jednako vrijede,
07:02
but I wanted to have an idea meritocracy in which the best ideas would win out.
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već meritokraciju ideja u kojoj najbolje ideje pobjeđuju.
07:07
And in order to do that,
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Da bih to postigao,
07:09
I realized that we would need radical truthfulness
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shvatio sam da moramo postići radikalnu iskrenost
07:12
and radical transparency.
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i radikalnu transparentnost.
07:14
What I mean by radical truthfulness and radical transparency
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Pod radikalnom iskrenošću i radikalnom transparentnošću
07:18
is people needed to say what they really believed
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smatram da ljudi moraju reći ono što stvarno vjeruju
07:20
and to see everything.
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i moraju sve vidjeti.
07:23
And we literally tape almost all conversations
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I mi doslovno snimamo gotovo sve razgovore
07:27
and let everybody see everything,
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i dopuštamo svima da vide sve,
07:28
because if we didn't do that,
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jer da to ne radimo,
07:30
we couldn't really have an idea meritocracy.
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ne bismo mogli imati meritokraciju ideja.
07:34
In order to have an idea meritocracy,
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Da bismo postigli meritokraciju ideja,
07:38
we have let people speak and say what they want.
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moramo dopustiti ljudima da govore ono što žele.
07:40
Just to give you an example,
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Na primjer,
07:42
this is an email from Jim Haskel --
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ovo je e-poruka Jima Haskela --
07:44
somebody who works for me --
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osobe koja radi za mene --
07:46
and this was available to everybody in the company.
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koja je bila dostupna svima u tvrtki.
07:49
"Ray, you deserve a 'D-'
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"Ray, zaslužio si dvojku
07:52
for your performance today in the meeting ...
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za izvedbu na današnjem sastanku...
07:54
you did not prepare at all well
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uopće se nisi pripremio
07:56
because there is no way you could have been that disorganized."
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jer nema drugog objašnjenja za tu tvoju neorganiziranost."
08:01
Isn't that great?
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Nije li to sjajno?
08:02
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
08:03
That's great.
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To je sjajno.
08:05
It's great because, first of all, I needed feedback like that.
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Sjajno je jer, prvo i osnovno, trebao mi je takav komentar.
08:08
I need feedback like that.
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Trebaju mi takvi osvrti.
08:09
And it's great because if I don't let Jim, and people like Jim,
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I sjajno je jer ako ne dopustim Jimu i ljudima poput Jima
08:13
to express their points of view,
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da izraze svoje stajalište,
08:14
our relationship wouldn't be the same.
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naš odnos ne bi bio isti.
08:16
And if I didn't make that public for everybody to see,
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A da to nije javno dostupno svima,
08:19
we wouldn't have an idea meritocracy.
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ne bismo imali meritokraciju ideja.
08:23
So for that last 25 years that's how we've been operating.
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I to je način na koji radimo zadnjih 25 godina.
08:27
We've been operating with this radical transparency
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Radimo uz takvu radikalnu transparentnost
08:30
and then collecting these principles,
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i skupljamo ta načela,
08:32
largely from making mistakes,
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uvelike iz pogrešaka koje činimo,
08:34
and then embedding those principles into algorithms.
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a zatim ta načela ugrađujemo u algoritme.
08:39
And then those algorithms provide --
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A ti algoritmi pružaju --
08:42
we're following the algorithms
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slijedimo algoritme
08:44
in parallel with our thinking.
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u kombinaciji s našim idejama.
08:47
That has been how we've run the investment business,
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Na taj način vodimo ulagački posao
08:50
and it's how we also deal with the people management.
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i na taj način vodimo zaposlenike.
08:53
In order to give you a glimmer into what this looks like,
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Da bih vam pružio uvid u kako to izgleda,
08:56
I'd like to take you into a meeting
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vodim vas na sastanak
08:59
and introduce you to a tool of ours called the "Dot Collector"
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kako bih vam predstavio naš alat "Dot Collector"
09:02
that helps us do this.
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koji nam to omogućuje.
09:07
A week after the US election,
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Tjedan nakon američkih izbora,
09:09
our research team held a meeting
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naš istraživački tim održao je sastanak
09:11
to discuss what a Trump presidency would mean for the US economy.
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kako bismo raspravili što će Trump kao predsjednik značiti za gospodarstvo.
09:15
Naturally, people had different opinions on the matter
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Naravno, ljudi su imali različita mišljenja o tom problemu
09:18
and how we were approaching the discussion.
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i o tome kako pristupamo raspravi.
09:21
The "Dot Collector" collects these views.
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"Dot Collector" skuplja ta mišljenja.
09:24
It has a list of a few dozen attributes,
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Ima popis nekoliko desetaka atributa,
09:26
so whenever somebody thinks something about another person's thinking,
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i kad netko ima mišljenje o mišljenju druge osobe,
09:30
it's easy for them to convey their assessment;
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lako mu je prenijeti svoju ocjenu;
09:33
they simply note the attribute and provide a rating from one to 10.
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jednostavno zabilježe atribut i ocijene ga ocjenom od jedan do 10.
09:39
For example, as the meeting began,
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Na primjer, kad je sastanak započeo,
09:41
a researcher named Jen rated me a three --
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istraživačica Jen dala mi je ocjenu tri --
09:45
in other words, badly --
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drugim riječima, lošec--
09:47
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
09:48
for not showing a good balance of open-mindedness and assertiveness.
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jer nisam pokazao uravnoteženost između nepristranosti i samopouzdanja.
09:53
As the meeting transpired,
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Kako je sastanak odmicao,
09:55
Jen's assessments of people added up like this.
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ovo su bile Jenine ocjene drugih.
09:59
Others in the room have different opinions.
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Drugi u prostoriji imaju različite stavove.
10:01
That's normal.
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To je normalno.
10:03
Different people are always going to have different opinions.
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Različiti ljudi uvijek imaju različite stavove.
10:06
And who knows who's right?
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I tko zna tko je u pravu?
10:09
Let's look at just what people thought about how I was doing.
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Pogledajmo što su ljudi mislili o mojoj izvedbi.
10:13
Some people thought I did well,
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Neki su mislili da sam bio dobar,
10:15
others, poorly.
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drugi da sam bio loš.
10:17
With each of these views,
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Sa svakim od tih stavova,
10:19
we can explore the thinking behind the numbers.
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možemo ispitati svoje stavove koji se nalaze iza brojeva.
10:22
Here's what Jen and Larry said.
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Ovo su rekli Jen i Larry.
10:25
Note that everyone gets to express their thinking,
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Vidite kako svi imaju pravo izraziti svoje mišljenje,
10:28
including their critical thinking,
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uključujući i kritično
10:29
regardless of their position in the company.
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bez obzira na položaj u tvrtki.
10:32
Jen, who's 24 years old and right out of college,
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Jen, koja ima 24 godine i tek je završila fakultet,
10:36
can tell me, the CEO, that I'm approaching things terribly.
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može reći meni, izvršnom direktoru, da užasno pristupam stvarima.
10:40
This tool helps people both express their opinions
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Ovaj alat omogućuje ljudima da izraze svoje mišljenje
10:44
and then separate themselves from their opinions
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i da se odvoje od svojih stavova
10:47
to see things from a higher level.
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kako bi stvari razmotrili s više razine.
10:50
When Jen and others shift their attentions from inputting their own opinions
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Kada Jen i ostali preusmjere pažnju s unosa svog mišljenja
10:55
to looking down on the whole screen,
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na cijeli zaslon,
10:57
their perspective changes.
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njihovo se stajalište promijeni.
11:00
They see their own opinions as just one of many
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Vide da je njihovo mišljenje tek jedno od mnogih
11:03
and naturally start asking themselves,
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i prirodno je da se zapitaju
11:06
"How do I know my opinion is right?"
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"Kako znam da je moje mišljenje ispravno?"
11:09
That shift in perspective is like going from seeing in one dimension
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Ta je promjena stajališta poput prelaska iz jedne dimenzije
11:13
to seeing in multiple dimensions.
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u više dimenzija.
11:15
And it shifts the conversation from arguing over our opinions
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I preusmjerava naš razgovor od rasprave oko mišljenja
11:19
to figuring out objective criteria for determining which opinions are best.
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na razmatranje objektivnih kriterija za utvrđivanje najboljeg mišljenja.
11:24
Behind the "Dot Collector" is a computer that is watching.
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Iza aplikacije "Dot Collector" stoji računalo koje nadzire.
11:28
It watches what all these people are thinking
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Nadzire što svi ti ljudi misle
11:31
and it correlates that with how they think.
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i uspoređuje to s načinom na koji razmišljaju.
11:33
And it communicates advice back to each of them based on that.
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Zatim svakome pojedinačno šalje savjete na temelju te usporedbe.
11:38
Then it draws the data from all the meetings
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Zatim povlači podatke sa svih sastanaka
11:41
to create a pointilist painting of what people are like
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i stvara sliku ljudi
11:45
and how they think.
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i načina na koji razmišljaju.
11:46
And it does that guided by algorithms.
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A to stvara pomoću algoritama.
11:50
Knowing what people are like helps to match them better with their jobs.
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Ako znate kakvi su ljudi, lakše ćete znati za koji su posao.
11:54
For example,
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Na primjer,
11:56
a creative thinker who is unreliable
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kreativan mislilac koji je nepouzdan
11:57
might be matched up with someone who's reliable but not creative.
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može se upariti s nekim tko je pouzdan, ali nije kreativan.
12:02
Knowing what people are like also allows us to decide
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Ako znamo kakvi su ljudi, lakše donosimo odluke
12:05
what responsibilities to give them
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o odgovornostima koje im predajemo
12:07
and to weigh our decisions based on people's merits.
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i odlučujemo na temelju njihovih zasluga.
12:11
We call it their believability.
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To zovemo vjerodostojnošću.
12:14
Here's an example of a vote that we took
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Ovo je primjer našeg glasovanja
12:16
where the majority of people felt one way ...
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gdje je većina mislila jedno...
12:20
but when we weighed the views based on people's merits,
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ali zatim smo ocijenili stajališta na temelju zasluga
12:23
the answer was completely different.
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i odgovor je bio potpuno drukčiji.
12:26
This process allows us to make decisions not based on democracy,
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Proces nam omogućuje da donosimo odluke ne na temelju demokracije,
12:31
not based on autocracy,
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ne na temelju autokracije,
12:33
but based on algorithms that take people's believability into consideration.
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već na temelju algoritama koji uzimaju u obzir vjerodostojnost ljudi.
12:41
Yup, we really do this.
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Da, stvarno to radimo.
12:43
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
12:46
We do it because it eliminates
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To radimo zato što to otklanja
12:49
what I believe to be one of the greatest tragedies of mankind,
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ono što smatram najvećom tragedijom čovječanstva,
12:53
and that is people arrogantly,
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a to je da ljudi arogantno,
12:56
naïvely holding opinions in their minds that are wrong,
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naivno imaju stajališta koja su kriva,
13:01
and acting on them,
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i djeluju u skladu s njima
13:02
and not putting them out there to stress test them.
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umjesto da ih preispitaju.
13:05
And that's a tragedy.
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To je tragedija.
13:07
And we do it because it elevates ourselves above our own opinions
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To radimo jer nas uzdiže od vlastitih mišljenja
13:12
so that we start to see things through everybody's eyes,
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tako da vidimo stvari tuđim očima,
13:15
and we see things collectively.
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i vidimo stvari kolektivno.
13:18
Collective decision-making is so much better than individual decision-making
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Kolektivno odlučivanje puno je bolje od individualnog odlučivanja.
13:22
if it's done well.
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Ako se radi ispravno.
13:24
It's been the secret sauce behind our success.
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To je tajni sastojak našeg uspjeha.
13:26
It's why we've made more money for our clients
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To je razlog zašto zarađujemo za svoje klijente
13:29
than any other hedge fund in existence
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više od ostalih hedge fondova
13:30
and made money 23 out of the last 26 years.
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i bili smo na dobitku 23 od 26 proteklih godina.
13:35
So what's the problem with being radically truthful
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U čemu je problem kod radikalne iskrenosti
13:40
and radically transparent with each other?
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i radikalne transparentnosti među ljudima?
13:45
People say it's emotionally difficult.
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Kažu da je emotivno teško.
13:48
Critics say it's a formula for a brutal work environment.
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Kritičari kažu da je to formula za okrutno radno okruženje.
13:53
Neuroscientists tell me it has to do with how are brains are prewired.
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Neuroznanstvenici kažu da je stvar u tome kako nam je mozak namješten.
13:58
There's a part of our brain that would like to know our mistakes
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Postoji dio mozga koji želi znati naše pogreške
14:01
and like to look at our weaknesses so we could do better.
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i želi sagledati naše slabosti tako da budemo bolji.
14:05
I'm told that that's the prefrontal cortex.
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Rekli su mi da je to prefrontalni korteks.
14:08
And then there's a part of our brain which views all of this as attacks.
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A postoji i dio mozga koji na sve to gleda kao na napad.
14:13
I'm told that that's the amygdala.
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Rekli su mi da je to amigdala.
14:16
In other words, there are two you's inside you:
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Drugim riječima, u vama postoje dvije osobe:
14:19
there's an emotional you
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emocionalna
14:20
and there's an intellectual you,
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i intelektualna
14:22
and often they're at odds,
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i često su u sukobu
14:24
and often they work against you.
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i često rade protiv vas.
14:26
It's been our experience that we can win this battle.
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Naše je iskustvo da možemo dobiti tu bitku.
14:30
We win it as a group.
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Pobjeđujemo kao grupa.
14:32
It takes about 18 months typically
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Obično je potrebno 18 mjeseci
14:35
to find that most people prefer operating this way,
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da se uvidi da većina više voli raditi na taj način,
14:38
with this radical transparency
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radikalno transparentno,
14:40
than to be operating in a more opaque environment.
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nego u mutnijem okruženju.
14:43
There's not politics, there's not the brutality of --
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Nema politike, nema okrutnosti --
14:47
you know, all of that hidden, behind-the-scenes --
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znate, svega toga skrivenog, zakulisnog --
14:50
there's an idea meritocracy where people can speak up.
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postoji meritokracija ideja u kojoj se ljudi mogu izraziti.
14:53
And that's been great.
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I sjajno nam je.
14:54
It's given us more effective work,
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Omogućila nam je učinkovitiji rad,
14:56
and it's given us more effective relationships.
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i učinkovitije odnose.
14:59
But it's not for everybody.
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Ali nije za svakoga.
15:01
We found something like 25 or 30 percent of the population
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Naučili smo da za 25 do 30 posto stanovništva
15:04
it's just not for.
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to ne funkcionira.
15:06
And by the way,
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Usput,
15:07
when I say radical transparency,
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kada govorim o radikalnoj transparentnosti,
15:09
I'm not saying transparency about everything.
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ne mislim na opću transparentnost.
15:11
I mean, you don't have to tell somebody that their bald spot is growing
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Mislim, ne morate nekome reći da je oćelavio
15:15
or their baby's ugly.
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niti da ima ružnu bebu.
15:17
So, I'm just talking about --
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Govorim o --
15:19
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
15:20
talking about the important things.
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govorim o važnim stvarima.
15:22
So --
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Znači --
15:23
(Laughter)
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(Smijeh)
15:28
So when you leave this room,
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Znači, kada napustite ovu prostoriju
15:29
I'd like you to observe yourself in conversations with others.
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želim da se promotrite u razgovorima s drugima.
15:35
Imagine if you knew what they were really thinking,
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Zamislite da znate što stvarno misle,
15:39
and imagine if you knew what they were really like ...
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zamislite da znate kakvi su stvarno...
15:43
and imagine if they knew what you were really thinking
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i zamislite da oni znaju što vi stvarno mislite
15:47
and what were really like.
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i kakvi ste stvarno.
15:49
It would certainly clear things up a lot
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To bi razjasnilo mnoge stvari
15:52
and make your operations together more effective.
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i omogućilo vam učinkovitije djelovanje.
15:55
I think it will improve your relationships.
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Mislim da bi unaprijedilo odnose.
15:58
Now imagine that you can have algorithms
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Sada zamislite da imate algoritme
16:01
that will help you gather all of that information
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koji će vam pomoći prikupiti sve te informacije
16:05
and even help you make decisions in an idea-meritocratic way.
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i pomoći u donošenju odluka pomoću meritokracije ideja.
16:12
This sort of radical transparency is coming at you
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Takva radikalna transparentnost dolazi
16:16
and it is going to affect your life.
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i utjecat će na vaš život.
16:19
And in my opinion,
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I po mom mišljenju,
16:21
it's going to be wonderful.
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bit će čudesno.
16:22
So I hope it is as wonderful for you
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Nadam se da će i vama biti čudesno
16:25
as it is for me.
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kao što je meni.
16:26
Thank you very much.
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Puno hvala.
16:28
(Applause)
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(Pljesak)
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