What you need to know about face surveillance | Kade Crockford

141,530 views ・ 2020-05-29

TED


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Translator: Padma Lakshminarasimhan Reviewer: Emma Toft
00:12
How many of you have ever heard someone say
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Hvor mange af jer har nogensinde hørt nogen sige
00:14
privacy is dead?
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privatlivets fred er død?
00:15
Raise your hand.
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Ræk hånden op.
00:17
How many of you have heard someone say
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Hvor mange af jer har hørt nogen sige
00:20
they don't care about their privacy because they don't have anything to hide?
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de er ligeglad med deres privatliv fordi de ikke har noget at skjule?
00:24
Go on.
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Fortsæt.
00:25
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:27
Now, how many of you use any kind of encryption software?
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Hvor mange af jer bruger en nogen form for krypteringssoftware?
00:32
Raise your hand.
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Ræk hånden op.
00:33
Or a password to protect an online account?
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00:37
Or curtains or blinds on your windows at home?
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Eller gardiner eller persienner på dine vinduer derhjemme?
00:41
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:43
OK, so that's everyone, I think.
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OK, så det er alle, tror jeg.
00:45
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
00:46
So why do you do these things?
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00:49
My guess is,
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Mit gæt er,
00:50
it's because you care about your privacy.
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Det er fordi du er interesseret i dit privatliv.
00:52
The idea that privacy is dead is a myth.
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Ideen om, at privatlivets fred er død, er en myte.
00:55
The idea that people don't care about their privacy
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00:58
because "they have nothing to hide"
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01:00
or they've done nothing wrong
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eller de har ikke gjort noget galt
01:01
is also a myth.
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er også en myte.
01:04
I'm guessing that you would not want to publicly share on the internet,
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Jeg gætter på, at du ikke vil have det at dele offentligt på internettet,
01:08
for the world to see,
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for verdens øjne,
01:09
all of your medical records.
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din medicinske historie.
01:11
Or your search histories from your phone or your computer.
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01:16
And I bet
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Og jeg vil vædde
01:17
that if the government wanted to put a chip in your brain
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at hvis regeringen ville lægge en chip i din hjerne
01:20
to transmit every one of your thoughts to a centralized government computer,
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01:24
you would balk at that.
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01:26
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
01:28
That's because you care about your privacy,
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Det er fordi du tænker over dit privatliv
01:30
like every human being.
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01:33
So, our world has changed fast.
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Så vores verden har ændret sig hurtigt.
01:36
And today, there is understandably a lot of confusion
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Og i dag er der forståeligt meget forvirring
01:40
about what privacy is and why it matters.
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om, hvad privatliv er, og hvorfor det betyder noget.
01:44
Privacy is not secrecy.
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Privatliv er ikke tavshedspligt.
01:46
It's control.
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01:48
I share information with my doctor about my body and my health,
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01:52
expecting that she is not going to turn around
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forventer, at hun ikke vil vende rundt
01:55
and share that information with my parents,
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og dele disse oplysninger med mine forældre,
01:58
or my boss or my kids.
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eller min chef eller mine børn.
02:01
That information is private, not secret.
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Disse oplysninger er private, ikke hemmelige.
02:05
I'm in control over how that information is shared.
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02:09
You've probably heard people say that there's a fundamental tension
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02:12
between privacy on the one hand
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mellem privatliv på den ene side
02:14
and safety on the other.
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og sikkerhed på den anden.
02:17
But the technologies that advance our privacy
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Men teknologierne der fremmer vores privatliv
02:20
also advance our safety.
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fremme også vores sikkerhed.
02:22
Think about fences, door locks,
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02:24
curtains on our windows, passwords,
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gardiner på vores vinduer, adgangskoder,
02:27
encryption software.
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02:29
All of these technologies
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Alle disse teknologier
02:31
simultaneously protect our privacy and our safety.
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02:36
Dragnet surveillance, on the other hand, protects neither.
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02:41
In recent years,
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I de seneste år,
02:42
the federal government tasked a group of experts
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02:45
called The Privacy and Civil Liberties Oversight Board
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kaldet Privatlivets fred og borgerlige frihedsrettigheder Tilsynsudvalg
02:48
with examining post-9/11 government surveillance programs,
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med undersøgelse af post-9/11 regeringsovervågningsprogrammer
02:51
dragnet surveillance programs.
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dragnet-overvågningsprogrammer.
02:54
Those experts could not find a single example
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Disse eksperter kunne ikke finde et enkelt eksempel
02:57
of that dragnet surveillance advancing any safety --
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af den dragnetovervågning fremme noget sikkerhed -
03:01
didn't identify or stop a single terrorist attack.
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det identificerede eller stoppede ikke et enkelt terrorangreb.
03:05
You know what that information was useful for, though?
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03:08
Helping NSA employees spy on their romantic interests.
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Hjælpe NSA-medarbejdere spionere på deres romantiske interesser.
03:11
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:12
(Audience: Wow.)
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03:14
Another example is closer to home.
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Et andet eksempel er tættere på hjemmet.
03:16
So millions of people across the United States and the world
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Så millioner af mennesker overalt i USA og verden
03:19
are adopting so-called "smart home" devices,
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03:21
like internet-connected surveillance cameras.
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som internetforbundet overvågningskameraer.
03:24
But we know that any technology connected to the internet
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03:27
can be hacked.
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03:30
And so if a hacker
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Så hvis en hacker
03:32
gets into your internet-connected surveillance camera at home,
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03:35
they can watch you and your family coming and going,
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de kan se dig og din familie komme og gå,
03:38
finding just the right time to strike.
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at finde det rette tidspunkt at slå til.
03:41
You know what can't be hacked remotely?
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Ved du hvad der ikke kan hackes eksternt?
03:44
Curtains.
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Gardiner.
03:45
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:46
Fences.
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Hegn.
03:48
Door locks.
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Dørlåse.
03:49
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
03:50
Privacy is not the enemy of safety.
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03:53
It is its guarantor.
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Det er dets garanti.
03:56
Nonetheless, we daily face a propaganda onslaught
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04:00
telling us that we have to give up some privacy in exchange for safety
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04:04
through surveillance programs.
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gennem overvågningsprogrammer.
04:07
Face surveillance is the most dangerous of these technologies.
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04:11
There are two primary ways today governments use technologies like this.
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Der er to primære måder i dag regeringer bruger teknologier som denne.
04:17
One is face recognition.
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Den ene er ansigtsgenkendelse.
04:19
That's to identify someone in an image.
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Det er for at identificere nogen i et billede.
04:21
The second is face surveillance,
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04:24
which can be used in concert
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som kan bruges i samarbejde
04:26
with surveillance-camera networks and databases
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med overvågningskamera netværk og databaser
04:29
to create records of all people's public movements,
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for at oprette fortegnelser over alle folks offentlige bevægelser,
04:32
habits and associations,
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vaner og forbindelser,
04:35
effectively creating a digital panopticon.
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i princippet at skabe et digitalt panopticon.
04:38
This is a panopticon.
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Dette er et panopticon.
04:40
It's a prison designed to allow a few guards in the center
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Det er et fængsel designet til at tillade et par vagter i centrum
04:45
to monitor everything happening in the cells around the perimeter.
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at overvåge alt, hvad der sker i cellerne omkring omkredsen.
04:49
The people in those prison cells can't see inside the guard tower,
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04:54
but the guards can see into every inch of those cells.
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men vagterne kan se ind i hvert hjørne af cellerne.
04:59
The idea here
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05:01
is that if the people in those prison cells
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er det, hvis folket i de fængselsceller
05:03
know they're being watched all the time,
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05:05
or could be,
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eller kunne være,
05:07
they'll behave accordingly.
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de vil opføre sig i overensstemmelse hermed.
05:09
Similarly, face surveillance enables a centralized authority --
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Tilsvarende ansigtsovervågning muliggør en centraliseret myndighed -
05:13
in this case, the state --
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05:15
to monitor the totality of human movement and association
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for at overvåge totaliteten af menneskelig bevægelse og forbindelser
05:18
in public space.
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i det offentlige rum.
05:20
And here's what it looks like
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Og sådan her ser det ud
05:21
in real life.
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05:22
In this case, it's not a guard in a tower,
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I dette tilfælde er det ikke en vagt i et tårn,
05:25
but rather a police analyst in a spy center.
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05:29
The prison expands beyond its walls,
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05:32
encompassing everyone,
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det omfatter alle,
05:34
everywhere, all the time.
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overalt, hele tiden.
05:38
In a free society,
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05:39
this should terrify us all.
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05:43
For decades now, we've watched cop shows
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I årtier har vi set politiudsendelser
05:46
that push a narrative that says
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der fremmer en fortælling, som siger
05:48
technologies like face surveillance ultimately serve the public good.
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at teknologier som ansigtsovervågning i sidste ende tjener det offentlige gode.
05:52
But real life is not a cop drama.
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Men det virkelige liv er ikke et politidrama.
05:56
The bad guy didn't always do it,
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Den dårlige fyr gjorde det ikke altid,
05:58
the cops definitely aren't always the good guys
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06:01
and the technology doesn't always work.
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og teknologien virker ikke altid.
06:04
Take the case of Steve Talley,
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06:06
a financial analyst from Colorado.
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en finansanalytiker fra Colorado.
06:09
In 2015, Talley was arrested, and he was charged with bank robbery
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06:12
on the basis of an error in a facial recognition system.
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på grundlag af en fejl i et ansigtsgenkendelsessystem.
06:16
Talley fought that case
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Talley kæmpede imod
06:18
and he eventually was cleared of those charges,
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og til sidst blev han renset for disse anklager,
06:20
but while he was being persecuted by the state,
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men mens han var retsforfulgt af staten,
06:23
he lost his house, his job and his kids.
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mistede han sit hus, sit job og sine børn.
06:27
Steve Talley's case is an example
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06:29
of what can happen when the technology fails.
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på hvad der kan ske når teknologien fejler.
06:33
But face surveillance is just as dangerous when it works as advertized.
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Men ansigtsovervågning er lige så farlig når det fungerer som den er ønsket.
06:38
Just consider how trivial it would be
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06:41
for a government agency to put a surveillance camera
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06:44
outside a building where people meet for Alcoholics Anonymous meetings.
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06:49
They could connect that camera
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De kunne tilslutte det kamera
06:50
to a face-surveillance algorithm and a database,
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06:53
press a button and sit back and collect
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tryk på en knap og læne sig tilbage og samle
06:55
a record of every person receiving treatment for alcoholism.
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en fortegnelse over hver person som modtager behandling for alkoholisme.
07:00
It would be just as easy for a government agency
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Det ville være lige så let for et regeringsorgan
07:02
to use this technology to automatically identify
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at bruge denne teknologi til automatisk at identificere
07:05
every person who attended the Women's March
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hver person der deltog kvindernes march
07:07
or a Black Lives Matter protest.
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eller en Black Lives Matter-protest.
07:11
Even the technology industry is aware of the gravity of this problem.
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Selv teknologibranchen er opmærksom på alvoren i dette problem.
07:15
Microsoft's president Brad Smith has called on Congress to intervene.
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Microsofts præsident Brad Smith har opfordret kongressen til at gribe ind.
07:21
Google, for its part,
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Google, på sin side,
07:22
has publicly declined to ship a face surveillance product,
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har afvist, offentligt, at sende et ansigtsovervågningsprodukt,
07:26
in part because of these grave human and civil rights concerns.
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til dels på grund af disse bekymringer for menneske- og borgerlige rettigheder.
07:30
And that's a good thing.
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Og det er en god ting.
07:32
Because ultimately,
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07:34
protecting our open society is much more important
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at beskytte vores åbne samfund er meget vigtigere
07:38
than corporate profit.
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end virksomhedsgevinst.
07:41
The ACLU's nationwide campaign
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07:43
to get the government to pump the brakes
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at få regeringen til at slå bremserne i,
07:45
on the adoption of this dangerous technology
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for vedtagelse af denne farlige teknologi
07:47
has prompted reasonable questions from thoughtful people.
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har stillet rimelige spørgsmål fra tankevækkende mennesker.
07:51
What makes this technology in particular so dangerous?
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Hvad der gør især denne teknologi så farlig?
07:55
Why can't we just regulate it?
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Hvorfor kan vi ikke bare regulere den?
07:58
In short, why the alarm?
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08:01
Face surveillance is uniquely dangerous for two related reasons.
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Ansigtsovervågning er unikt farlig af to beslægtede grunde.
08:06
One is the nature of the technology itself.
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08:09
And the second is that our system
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08:11
fundamentally lacks the oversight and accountability mechanisms
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mangler grundlæggende tilsynet og ansvarlighedsmekanismer
08:16
that would be necessary
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08:17
to ensure it would not be abused in the government's hands.
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08:22
First, face surveillance enables a totalizing form of surveillance
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08:27
never before possible.
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aldrig før muligt.
08:30
Every single person's every visit to a friend's house,
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Hver enkelt person's besøg til en vens hus,
08:33
a government office,
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08:35
a house of worship,
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08:37
a Planned Parenthood,
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en seksuel sundhedsklinik,
08:39
a cannabis shop,
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en cannabisbutik,
08:40
a strip club;
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en stripklub;
08:42
every single person's public movements, habits and associations
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hver enkelt persons offentlige bevægelser, vaner og forbindelser
08:47
documented and catalogued,
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dokumenteret og katalogiseret,
08:48
not on one day, but on every day,
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ikke kun en dag, men hver dag,
08:51
merely with the push of a button.
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blot med et tryk på en knap.
08:54
This kind of totalizing mass surveillance
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Denne form for totaliserende masseovervågning
08:57
fundamentally threatens what it means to live in a free society.
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truer grundlæggende hvad det betyder at leve i et frit samfund.
09:00
Our freedom of speech, freedom of association,
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09:03
freedom of religion,
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religionsfrihed,
09:04
freedom of the press,
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pressefrihed,
09:05
our privacy,
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09:07
our right to be left alone.
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09:10
You may be thinking,
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09:11
"OK, come on, but there are tons of ways the government can spy on us."
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”OK, kom nu, der er tonsvis af måder, hvor regeringen kan spionere på os."
09:15
And yes, it's true,
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09:16
the government can track us through our cell phones,
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09:19
but if I want to go to get an abortion,
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09:22
or attend a political meeting,
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09:24
or even just call in sick and play hooky and go to the beach ...
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eller endda bare melde mig syg fra arbejde og gå på stranden ...
09:28
(Laughter)
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(Latter)
09:30
I can leave my phone at home.
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Jeg kan forlade min telefon derhjemme.
09:33
I cannot leave my face at home.
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Jeg kan ikke efterlade mit ansigt derhjemme.
09:37
And that brings me to my second primary concern:
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09:39
How we might meaningfully regulate this technology.
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09:44
Today, if the government wants to know where I was last week,
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09:48
they can't just hop into a time machine and go back in time and follow me.
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de kan ikke bare gå ind i en tidsmaskine, gå tilbage i tiden og følg mig.
09:53
And they also, the local police right now,
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09:56
don't maintain any centralized system of tracking,
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opretholder ikke nogen centraliseret system til sporing,
09:59
where they're cataloging every person's public movements all the time,
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hvor de katalogiserer enhver persons offentlige bevægelser hele tiden,
10:03
just in case that information some day becomes useful.
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bare i tilfælde af, at oplysningerne en dag bliver nyttige.
10:06
Today, if the government wants to know where I was last week,
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10:09
or last month or last year,
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eller sidste måned eller sidste år,
10:11
they have to go to a judge, get a warrant
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de er nødt til at gå til en dommer, få en kendelse
10:13
and then serve that warrant on my phone company,
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og derefter give den kendelse til mit telefonselskab,
10:16
which by the way, has a financial interest in protecting my privacy.
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som for øvrig har en økonomisk interesse i at beskytte mit privatliv.
10:21
With face surveillance,
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10:22
no such limitations exist.
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findes sådanne begrænsninger ikke.
10:25
This is technology that is 100 percent controlled by the government itself.
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10:31
So how would a warrant requirement work in this context?
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Så hvordan ville et krav om en dommerkendelse fungere i denne sammenhæng?
10:36
Is the government going to go to a judge
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10:38
and get a warrant,
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og få en kendelse,
10:39
and then serve the warrant on themselves?
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og derefter bruge kendelsen på sig selv?
Det ville være som om at jeg giver dig min dagbog,
10:42
That would be like me giving you my diary,
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10:44
and saying, "Here, you can hold on to this forever,
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og sagde: "Her, du kan holde fast ved dette for evigt,
10:46
but you can't read it until I say it's OK."
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10:50
So what can we do?
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Så hvad kan vi gøre?
10:53
The only answer to the threat
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Det eneste svar på truslen
10:55
posed by the government's use of face surveillance
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stillet af regeringens brug af ansigtsovervågning
10:58
is to deny the government the capacity to violate the public's trust,
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er at nægte regeringen muligheden
for at krænke offentlighedens tillid,
11:03
by denying the government the ability
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11:05
to build these in-house face-surveillance networks.
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til at bygge disse in-house ansigt-overvågningsnetværk.
11:09
And that's exactly what we're doing.
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11:12
The ACLU is part of a nationwide campaign
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ACLU er en del af en landsdækkende kampagne
11:15
to pump the brakes on the government's use of this dangerous technology.
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for at bremse regeringens brug af denne farlige teknologi.
11:20
We've already been successful,
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11:21
from San Francisco to Somerville, Massachusetts,
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11:24
we have passed municipal bans
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11:26
on the government's use of this technology.
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på regeringens brug af denne teknologi.
11:29
And plenty of other communities here in Massachusetts
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Og masser af andre kommuner her i Massachusetts
11:31
and across the country
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11:32
are debating similar measures.
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drøfter lignende foranstaltninger.
11:34
Some people have told me that this movement is bound to fail.
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Nogle mennesker har fortalt mig at denne bevægelse er bundet til at mislykkes.
11:38
That ultimately,
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11:40
merely because the technology exists,
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11:42
it will be deployed in every context
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11:45
by every government everywhere.
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11:50
Privacy is dead, right?
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11:52
So the narrative goes.
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Sådan lyder fortællingen.
11:55
Well, I refuse to accept that narrative.
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11:57
And you should, too.
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12:00
We can't allow Jeff Bezos or the FBI
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12:04
to determine the boundaries of our freedoms in the 21st century.
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at bestemme grænserne af vores friheder i det 21. århundrede.
12:09
If we live in a democracy,
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12:11
we are in the driver's seat,
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er vi i førersædet,
12:13
shaping our collective future.
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til at forme vores kollektive fremtid.
12:16
We are at a fork in the road right now.
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Vi er ved en skillevej lige nu.
12:19
We can either continue with business as usual,
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Vi kan enten fortsætte med at gøre som vi plejer,
12:21
allowing governments to adopt and deploy these technologies unchecked,
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tillade regeringerne at vedtage og installerer disse teknologier ukontrolleret,
12:25
in our communities, our streets and our schools,
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12:29
or we can take bold action now
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eller vi kan tage drastiske handlinger nu
12:34
to press pause on the government's use of face surveillance,
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og trykke pause på regeringens brug af ansigtstilsyn,
12:38
protect our privacy
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12:40
and to build a safer, freer future
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og at opbygge en sikrere, friere fremtid
12:43
for all of us.
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12:44
Thank you.
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12:45
(Applause and cheers)
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Om denne hjemmeside

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