How much does a video weigh? - Michael Stevens of Vsauce

一段视频的重量是多少? - Vsauce频道的Michael Stevens

翻译人员: Yixuan Liu 校对人员: Rong Han

Bean bags are awesome.

豆袋坐垫很赞.

但我看见那边有些人

But I see a few people out there who are standing,

在站着呢,

we've got some over here,

这边也有一些,

and standing takes more work than lounging.

站着其实比倚着要费力气。

Using the Live Strong Organization's online database

假如我们使用“坚强生活基金会” （自行车手阿姆斯特朗创立的基金会）

of weight loss resources,

网页上与减重相关的在线数据库,

you can calculate

你可以计算出

that by the time I'm done with this speech,

截止我演讲完毕

those of you who are standing

你们站着的那些人

will have burned 7.5 more calories

就已然比倚在豆袋坐垫中听完演讲的人

than those of you who are bean-bagging it.

多燃烧了7.5卡路里

(Laughter)

Okay, here's a question,

好吧, 有个问题,

speaking of weight loss, specifically weight,

谈到减肥, 尤其是说到重量,

this speech is live.

这个演讲是直播的.

I'm actually here in front of you guys,

我其实就站在你们面前,

we're all here together.

我们都在一起呢.

But this speech is being recorded

但是这个演讲被录了下来

and it will become a video that people can access all over the world

然后它会被做成一个视频

全世界人民都能

on computers, mobile devices,

在电脑上

在移动设备上

televisions.

和电视上看到.

I weight about 190 pounds.

我大概190磅重 (译者: 约合86公斤)

How much will the video weigh?

那这段视频的重量是多少?

Asking questions like that

问这种问题

就是我每周在我的频道(Vsauce)上做的事.

is what I do every week on my channel Vsauce.

最近两年

For the last two years,

I have been asking really fun questions,

我一直在问特别有意思的问题,

mind-boggling questions,

令人震惊的问题,

and approaching them as sincerely as I can,

然后

尽可能真诚地试着解答它们,

celebrating scientific concepts and scientists.

以此来宣扬科学观念和科学家们.

And I research and write

我做调查

写作

and produce and host

制作

and edit and upload

主持

编辑

然后上传

and run the social media all by myself,

整个社会媒体都是我自己一个人在运作,

but it's not lonely,

但（我）并不孤独

because Vsauce has more than 2 million subscribers,

因为Vsauce 有超过2百万订阅者,

and every month, my videos are seen by more than 20 million people.

每个月我的视频

都有超过2千万的人观看.

Yeah.

没错.

(Applause)

It's very exciting.

很令人兴奋呢.

I've found that asking a strange question is a great way to get people in,

我发现问一个奇怪的问题

是个让大家感兴趣的极好办法,

not just people, but fans.

不单单是吸引人, 更是吸引粉丝.

And fans are different than just viewers or an audience,

粉丝们和普通观看者、收听者不同

because fans want to come back.

因为粉丝还想回来.

They subscribe to you on YouTube

他们在YouTube上订阅你的频道

and they want to watch everything you've made

他们想看你制作过的所有内容

and everything you plan to make in the future

和未来将要制作的所有内容

because we are curious people

因为我们是好奇心强的人

and sparking curiosity is great bait.

而激起好奇心是个极佳的诱饵.

It's a great way to catch a human.

是抓住一个人注意力的极佳方式.

And once you've caught them,

而且一旦你抓住他们的注意力,

you have this captive audience that you can,

你就有了一个被俘获的听众

with the goal in mind of answering the question,

带着回答问题的目标

accidentally teach a lot of things to.

你就能意外地教给他们很多东西.

So, let's take a look at some of my videos.

所以, 我们来看看我做过的一些视频.

Here are eight of them.

这儿有8个.

But down here in the lower-right corner,

但在右下角这个地方,

"镜子是什么颜色的?"

"What Color is a Mirror?"

When people see that,

当人家看到这个,

it's very difficult not to click, because you think,

就很难不去点击. 因为你们在脑子里想:

"Come on, are you serious?

“哎哟我去, 你是认真的么?

How could you possibly answer that question?"

你怎么可能答出这种问题呢?"

Well, so far, 7.6 million people have watched

嘿至今760万人看过

this five-minute video about what color a mirror is.

这个时长5分钟的, 关于镜子是什么颜色的视频了.

And in that episode, I answer the question

而在这一期中, 我回答了这个问题

and I get a chance to explain what would normally be kind of dry topics:

而我也有机会解释

一些正常情况下有点枯燥的话题:

optics,

光学,

漫射和镜面反射,

diffuse versus specular reflection,

how light works, how light works on the retina,

光如何传播,

光在视网膜上如何映射,

and even the etymology of color terms

甚至是有关颜色的术语的语言学探讨

like white and black.

比如白和黑.

Okay, spoiler alert:

好吧, 剧透警告:

mirrors are not clear,

镜子不是清透的,

they are not silvery,

他们不是银色的,

like they're often illustrated.

好像他们经常被说成的样子.

Mirrors, technically speaking,

镜子, 实际上来讲,

are just a tiny, tiny, little bit ...

是一点点, 就一点点

green.

绿色的.

You can demonstrate this by putting two mirrors next to each other,

来证明这一点

你可以通过把两面镜子相对摆放

facing so they reflect back and forth forever.

这样一来

两面镜子会做无穷次的来回反射.

顺着无穷次反射看下去

Look down that infinite reflection, and it will get dimmer,

它会变得越来越暗

because some light is lost or absorbed every time,

因为每次反射都有一部分光丢失或被吸收了.

but it will also become greener,

同时它也变得越来越偏绿色

because green light,

因为绿光,

that is light of a wavelength that we perceive as green,

也就是说

我们认作是绿色的那个波长的光

is best reflected by most mirrors.

是被大部分镜子反射得最好的一种光.

Okay, so, how much does a video weigh?

好吧, 那, 一个视频到底多重呢?

Well, when you stream a video onto your computer,

当你用电脑观看一个视频时,

that information is temporarily stored

信息借助电子

using electrons.

被暂时储存

And the number of electrons on your device won't actually increase or decrease.

而你设备上的电子数量

实际上不会增减.

But it takes energy to store them in one place,

但是, 把它们储存在一个特定地方是要耗能的,

and, thanks to our friend Albert Einstein,

而我们知道,

托我们的朋友阿尔伯特爱因斯坦的福,

we know that energy and mass are related.

能量和质量是相关的.

Okay, so here's the thing:

好, 所以这事儿是这样的:

let's say you're watching a YouTube video

假设你在看一个Youtube视频

分辨率特别高, 有720p.

at a really nice resolution, 720p.

Assuming a typical bit rate,

假设比特率是通用型的,

we can figure that a minute of YouTube video

那么我们可以算出来

Youtube视频一分钟

is going to need to involve about 10 million electrons on your device.

会牵涉你设备上的1千万的电子.

把这些电子的个数

Plugging all those electrons and the energy it takes to hold them

和需要把这些电子放在正确位置上

in the correct place for you to see the video,

让你观看视频的能量

代入到公式里,

into that formula,

我们能算出来

we can figure out that one minute of YouTube video

一分钟的Youtube视频

increases the mass of your computer

使你电脑的重量

by about 10 to the negative 19th grams.

增加了10^(-19)克.

Written out, it looks like this.

把它展开写出来, 就是这样.

(Whistle)

That's like nothing.

这没多少.

You could call that nothing, and you wouldn't really get in trouble,

你可以说它根本和没有一样

也不会有什么问题

因为我们到目前为止发明出的

because the best scales we've ever invented

that we could try to use to actually to detect that change

能被用来

检测出重量变化的最好的称

are only accurate to 10 to the negative 9th grams.

只能精确到10^(-9)克.

So, we can't measure it,

所以我们测不出来,

but we can, like we just did, calculate it.

但是我们能(并且已经)

计算出来这个增加的数值

And that's really cool because when I was a kid,

而这太酷了

因为在我的孩提时代,

my school had two shelves of science books.

我们学校有两书架的科普读物.

That was really cool,

确实有不少,

but I read all of them within, like, two grades,

可我在差不多两年之内就把它们都读完了,

and it was hard to get more books

很难获得更多的书

因为书很重

because books are heavy, you need space for them

你需要找地方存放它们

and moving books around is tougher than what we can do today.

而把书搬来搬去

比我们现今要难上许多.

With numbers that small,

就通过这么小一个数字,

I can fit thousands of books

我就可以在我的个人电子阅读器里

on my own little personal electronic reader.

塞进上千本书.

I can stream hours and hours

我可以看上几小时

and days and days of YouTube video

甚至几天的Youtube视频

without my computer ever getting measurably heavier.

我的电脑都不会有什么察觉得出来的重量变化

当信息变轻的时候,

And as information becomes that light,

it becomes a lot more democratic,

它也变得越来越民主,

meaning that more teachers

也就是说比原来更多的老师

and presenters and creators and viewers than ever before

演讲者

创作者

和观看者

can be involved.

可以参与进来.

Right now, on YouTube,

现在在Youtube网站上

there is an explosion of content like this happening.

就有像这样的

信息大爆炸.

The three Vsauce channels are down there in the corner.

三个Vsauce频道

就在角落这里.

But everyone else, all together, collectively,

但是其他人

加在一起,

their views dwarf what I can do alone

他们的观看数量使我一个人的能力

or with the people that I work with,

或是我共事的人们的能力 相形见绌.

and that is really, really exciting.

而这真是非常, 非常令人兴奋的.

It turns out that tapping into people's curiosity

抓住人们的好奇心

and responsibly answering their questions

并负责任的回答他们的问题

is a brilliant way to build fans and an audience

是个增加粉丝, 听众和观众

and get in viewers.

的极佳方法.

It's even a great way for brands and companies

这甚至是品牌和公司

to build trust.

建立信誉的好方法.

So, calculating the weight of a video

所以说计算一个视频的重量,

is kind of a funny question,

好像是个滑稽的问题,

but I cannot wait to see what we ask and answer next.

但是我等不及想要看到

我们下一个问出并解决的问题是什么.

As always, thanks for watching.

一如往常, 谢谢观看.

(Applause)