Where did Russia come from? - Alex Gendler

5,471,958 views ใƒป 2015-10-13

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sanghyun Hahn ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong hee Kim
00:09
Where did Russia come from,
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๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ
00:11
why is it so big,
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
์ด์›ƒ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:13
and what are the differences between it and its neighbors?
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00:16
The answers lie in an epic story of seafaring warriors,
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๊ทธ ํ•ด๋‹ต์€ ๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น๊ณผ
00:20
nomadic invaders,
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๋…ธ๋ฅด๋งŒ์กฑ ์นจ๋žต์ž๋“ค
00:22
and the rise and fall of a medieval state known as Kievan Rus.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค ๊ณต๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ค‘์„ธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜
๋ถ€ํฅ๊ณผ ๋ชฐ๋ฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ด๊ฒจ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
In the first millennium,
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1์„ธ๊ธฐ์—
00:29
a large group of tribes spread through the dense woodlands of Eastern Europe.
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ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ๋™๋ถ€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์šธ์ฐฝํ•œ ์ˆฒ์œผ๋กœ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
Because they had no writing system,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ์ž ์ฒด๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:36
much of what we know about them comes from three main sources:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ž๋ฃŒ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
archaeological evidence,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์  ์ž๋ฃŒ์™€
00:42
accounts from literate scholars of the Roman Empire and the Middle East,
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๋กœ๋งˆ ์ œ๊ตญ๊ณผ ์ค‘๋™ ์ง€์—ญ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ €์ˆ ,
00:47
and, lastly, an epic history called the Primary Chronicle
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  12์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ค์Šคํ„ฐ๋ผ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋„์Šน์ด ์ €์ˆ ํ•œ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ฑ…์ธ
00:51
compiled in the 12th century by a monk named Nestor.
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"์›์ดˆ ์—ฐ๋Œ€๊ธฐ" ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
What they tell us is that these tribes who shared a common Slavic language
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์ด ์ž๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋ธŒ๊ณ„ ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
01:00
and polytheistic religion
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๋‹ค์‹ ๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:02
had by the 7th century split into western, southern and eastern branches,
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7์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ์„œ๋ถ€, ๋‚จ๋ถ€, ๋™๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์กŒ๊ณ 
ํŠนํžˆ ๋™๋ถ€์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์€ ๋“œ๋„ค์Šคํ…Œ๋ฅด ๊ฐ•์—์„œ ๋ณผ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•๊ณผ ๋ฐœํŠธํ•ด๊นŒ์ง€
01:08
the latter stretching from the Dniester River
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ํผ์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
to the Volga and the Baltic Sea.
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01:12
As Nestor's story goes, after years of subjugation by Vikings from the north,
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๋„ค์Šคํ„ฐ์˜ ์ €์ˆ ์€ ๋ถ์ชฝ์—์„œ ์˜จ ๋ฟ”๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ ํˆฌ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น์ด
01:17
who, by the way, did not wear horned helmets in battle,
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์ •๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ํ›„ ์— ์“ฐ์—ฌ์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:21
the region's tribes revolted and drove back the Northmen,
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๊ทธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ž€์„ ์ผ์œผ์ผœ ๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น์„ ์ซ“์•„๋ƒˆ์ง€๋งŒ
01:26
but left to their own devices, they turned on each other.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น์ด ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„ ์žฅ๋น„๋กœ ๋ฌด์žฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:30
Such chaos ensued that, ironically,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜ผ๋ˆ์€ ์—ญ์„ค์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:32
the tribes reached out to the foreigners they had just expelled,
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๊ทธ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ซ’์•„๋‚ธ ์นจ๋žต์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ฐพ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
01:37
inviting them to return and establish order.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์™€ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์„ ํ†ต์น˜ํ•ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
The Vikings accepted, sending a prince named Rurik and his two brothers to rule.
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๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น์€ ๊ทธ ์ œ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ ๋ฃจ๋ฆญ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์™•์ž์™€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋‘ ๋™์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
With Rurik's son, Oleg, expanding his realm into the south,
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๋ฃจ๋ฆญ์˜ ์•„๋“ค์ธ ์˜ฌ๋ ˆ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์™•๊ตญ์„ ๋‚จ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
01:50
and moving the capitol to Kiev,
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์ˆ˜๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ž๋ฅด ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ „์ดˆ๊ธฐ์ง€์˜€๋˜ ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ฒผ์ฃ .
01:52
a former outpost of the Khazar Empire,
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01:55
the Kievan Rus was born,
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค ๊ณต๊ตญ์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ•œ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
"Rus" most likely deriving from an old Norse word for "the men who row."
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "๋ฃจ์Šค"๋Š” "๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์ “๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค"์ด๋ผ๋Š”
์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๊ณ ๋Œ€ ๋…ธ๋ฅด๋งŒ์–ด์—์„œ ๋น„๋กฏ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ƒˆ ๊ณต๊ตญ์€ ์ด์›ƒ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:03
The new princedom had complex relations with its neighbors,
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02:06
alternating between alliance and warfare with the Khazar and Byzantine Empires,
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ํ•˜์ž๋ฅด์กฑ์ด๋‚˜ ๋น„์ž”ํ‹ด ์ œ๊ตญ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ๋™๋งน๊ณผ ์ „์Ÿ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
as well as neighboring tribes.
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02:14
Religion played an important role in politics,
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์ข…๊ต๋Š” ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:16
and as the legend goes, in 987,
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987๋…„์—๋Š” ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค ๊ณต๊ตญ์˜ ์ „์„ค์ ์ธ ๋Œ€๊ณต์ธ ๋ธ”๋ผ๋””๋ฏธ๋ฅด 1์„ธ๊ฐ€
02:19
the Rus prince Vladamir I decided it was time to abandon Slavic paganism,
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์Šฌ๋ผ๋ธŒ์กฑ ํ† ์† ์‹ ์•™์„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆด ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
and sent emissaries to explore neighboring faiths.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์›ƒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ค์˜ ์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์ ˆ๋“ค์„ ํŒŒ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ฃ .
02:29
Put off by Islam's prohibition on alcohol
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์ข…๊ต๋“ค ์ค‘ ์ด์Šฌ๋žŒ๊ต๋Š” ์ˆ  ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•ด์„œ,
02:31
and Judaism's expulsion from its holy land,
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์œ ๋Œ€๊ต๋Š” ์„ฑ์ง€์—์„œ ์ถ”๋ฐฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
the ruler settled on Orthodox Christianity
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ธ”๋ผ๋””๋ฏธ๋ฅด 1์„ธ๋Š” ๋™๋ฐฉ ์ •๊ต์—์„œ
02:37
after hearing odd accounts of its ceremonies.
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ํŠน์ดํ•œ ์ข…๊ต์˜์‹์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์ด ์ข…๊ต๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์ฃ .
02:42
With Vladimir's conversion and marriage to the Byzantine emperor's sister,
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๋ธ”๋ผ๋””๋ฏธ๋ฅด 1์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์ข…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„์ž”ํ‹ด์ œ๊ตญ ํ™ฉ์ œ์˜ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์ผ์€
02:45
as well as continued trade along the Volga route,
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๋ณผ๊ฐ€๊ฐ•์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๋‘ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ๊ณผ ๋”๋ถˆ์–ด
02:48
the relationship between the two civilizations deepened.
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ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค ๊ณต๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋น„์ž”ํ‹ด ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋”์šฑ ๊ฐ•ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Byzantine missionaries created an alphabet for Slavic languages
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๋น„์ž”ํ‹ด ์„ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์„ ๋ณ€ํ˜•ํ•˜์—ฌ ์Šฌ๋ผ๋ธŒ์–ด ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ 
02:56
based on a modified Greek script
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02:58
while Rus Viking warriors served as the Byzantine Emperor's elite guard.
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๋ฃจ์Šค ๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น ์ „์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋น„์ž”ํ‹ด ์ œ๊ตญ ํ™ฉ์ œ์˜ ๊ทผ์œ„๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:03
For several generations,
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๋ช‡ ์„ธ๋Œ€ ๋™์•ˆ
03:05
the Kievan Rus flourished from its rich resources and trade.
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ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค ๊ณต๊ตญ์€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ž์›๊ณผ ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Its noblemen and noblewomen married prominent European rulers,
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๊ณต๊ตญ์˜ ์™•์กฑ๋“ค์€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ํ†ต์น˜์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
03:13
while residents of some cities enjoyed great culture,
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ ธ์ฃ .
03:16
literacy, and even democratic freedoms uncommon for the time.
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๋ฌธํ•™์ด๋‚˜, ๋‹น์‹œ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ์ธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์  ์ž์œ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„์š”.
03:21
But nothing lasts forever.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
Fratricidal disputes over succession began to erode central power
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์™•์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜•์ œ ์‚ดํ•ด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™•๊ถŒ์ด ์•ฝํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
03:28
as increasingly independent cities ruled by rival princes vied for control.
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๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ผ์ด๋ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ตญ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋ฐฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ๋œ ๋„์‹œ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
03:34
The Fourth Crusade and decline of Constantinople
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  4์ฐจ ์‹ญ์ž๊ตฐ๊ณผ ์ฝ˜์Šคํƒ„ํ‹ฐ๋…ธํ”Œ์˜ ์‡ ํ‡ด๋Š”
03:37
devastated the trade integral to Rus wealth and power,
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๊ณต๊ตญ์˜ ๋ถ€์™€ ํž˜์„ ์Œ“๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๋ฌด์—ญ์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
while Teutonic crusaders threatened northern territories.
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๋˜ํ•œ ํŠœํ„ด์กฑ ์›์ •๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ถ์ชฝ ์˜ํ† ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ์š”.
03:45
The final blow, however, would come from the east.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ผ๊ฒฉ์€ ๋™์ชฝ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
Consumed by their squabbles,
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์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ถ„์Ÿ๋“ค์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š๋ผ
03:51
Rus princes paid little attention to the rumors
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ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค์˜ ๋Œ€๊ณต๋“ค์€ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‹ ๋น„ํ•œ ๊ตฐ๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
03:53
of a mysterious unstoppable hoard
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
until 1237, when 35,000 mounted archers led by Batu Khan
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1237๋…„์— ๋ฐ”ํˆฌ ์นธ์ด ์ด๋„๋Š” 3๋งŒ 5์ฒœ๋ช…์˜ ๊ธฐ๋งˆ ๊ถ์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด
04:03
swept through the Rus cities,
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๊ณต๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์ด ํ—๊ฐ€๋ฆฌ์™€ ํด๋ž€๋“œ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์•ฝํƒˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
04:05
sacking Kiev before continuing on to Hungary and Poland.
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๊ณต๊ตญ์˜ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์„ ํœฉ์“ธ ๋•Œ ๊นŒ์ง€์š”.
04:10
The age of Kievan Rus had come to an end, its people now divided.
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ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต๊ตญ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
In the east, which remained under Mongol rule,
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๋™๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชฝ๊ณจ์ด ์ง€๋ฐฐํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
04:17
a remote trading post, known as Moscow,
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๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋จผ ๊ณณ์˜ ๊ต์—ญ์†Œ๋Š”
04:20
would grow to challenge the power of the Khans,
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๋ชฝ๊ณจ ์นธ์˜ ํž˜์— ๋„์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:23
conquering parts of their fragmenting empire,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
04:26
and, in many ways, succeeding it.
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์กฐ๊ฐ๋‚œ ์ œ๊ตญ์˜ ์˜ํ† ๋“ค์„ ์ •๋ณตํ•˜์ฃ .
04:28
As it absorbed other eastern Rus territories,
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์€ ๋™์ชฝ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฃจ์Šค์กฑ ์˜ํ† ๊นŒ์ง€ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•˜์—ฌ
04:31
it reclaimed the old name in its Greek form, Ruscia.
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ "๋ฃจ์Šค์‹œ์•„"๋ฅผ ๋˜์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Meanwhile, the western regions whose leaders had avoided destruction
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์„œ์ชฝ ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์€
04:39
through political maneuvering until the hoard withdrew
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๋ชฝ๊ณจ๊ตฐ์ด ์ฒ ์ˆ˜ํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ์ฑ…๋žต ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:42
came under the influence of Poland and Lithuania.
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ํด๋ž€๋“œ์™€ ๋ฆฌํˆฌ์•„๋‹ˆ์•„๋กœ ํก์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
For the next few centuries,
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๋ช‡ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ
04:47
the former lands of Kievan Rus
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์˜ˆ์ „ ํ‚ค์˜ˆํ”„ ๋ฃจ์Šค ๊ณต๊ตญ์˜ ๋•…์€
04:49
populated by Slavs,
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์Šฌ๋ผ๋ธŒ์กฑ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ ,
04:51
ruled by Vikings,
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๋ฐ”์ดํ‚น์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ณต๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ ,
04:53
taught by Greeks,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
04:54
and split by Mongols
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๋ชฝ๊ณจ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ฐ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
would develop differences in society, culture and language
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๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒ, ๋ฌธํ™”, ์–ธ์–ด์—์„œ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
05:00
that remain to the present day.
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์ด ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์ด์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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