The history of the world according to corn - Chris A. Kniesly

2,584,519 views

2019-11-26 ใƒป TED-Ed


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The history of the world according to corn - Chris A. Kniesly

2,584,519 views ใƒป 2019-11-26

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:06
Corn currently accounts for more than one tenth of our global crop production.
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์—์„œ 10% ์ด์ƒ์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
The United States alone has enough cornfields to cover Germany.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋งŒ ํ•ด๋„ ๋…์ผ์„ ๋ฎ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฐญ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
But while other crops we grow come in a range of varieties,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ข…์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:20
over 99% of cultivated corn is the exact same type: Yellow Dent #2.
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜์˜ 99% ์ด์ƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ผ ์ข…์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ™ฉ์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์น˜ 2ํ˜ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
This means that humans grow more Yellow Dent #2
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์ด ๋ง์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™ฉ์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์น˜ 2ํ˜ธ๋ฅผ
00:32
than any other plant on the planet.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ์— ์–ด๋Š ์‹๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‹ฌ๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
So how did this single variety of this single plant
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๊ณผ์—ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์˜ ๋‹จ ํ•œ ํ’ˆ์ข…์ด
00:38
become the biggest success story in agricultural history?
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๋†์—… ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
00:43
Nearly 9,000 years ago, corn, also called maize,
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์•ฝ 9000๋…„ ์ „ ๋ฉ”์ด์ฆˆ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Š”
00:47
was first domesticated from teosinte, a grass native to Mesoamerica.
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์ค‘๋ฏธ ์›์‚ฐ ํ’€์ธ ํ‹ฐ์˜ค์‹ ํ…Œ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
Teosinteโ€™s rock-hard seeds were barely edible,
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ํ‹ฐ์˜ค์‹ ํ…Œ์˜ ๋Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋”ฑ๋”ฑํ•œ ์”จ์•—๋“ค์€ ๋จน๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:56
but its fibrous husk could be turned into a versatile material.
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์„ฌ์œ  ๊ฒ‰๊ป์งˆ์„ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์žฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์“ธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
Over the next 4,700 years, farmers bred the plant into a staple crop,
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๊ทธํ›„ 4700๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ํ‹ฐ์˜ค์‹ ํ…Œ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋œ ์ž‘๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:07
with larger cobs and edible kernels.
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๋” ํฐ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Œ€์™€ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์•Œ๋งน์ด ๋•๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
As maize spread throughout the Americas, it took on an important role,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์— ๋ฉ”์ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ํผ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ์ ์ฐจ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
with multiple indigenous societies revering a โ€œCorn Motherโ€
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๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋“ค์€ โ€œ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆโ€œ๋ฅผ ์ˆญ๋ฐฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:18
as the goddess who created agriculture.
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๋†์—…์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•œ ์—ฌ์‹ ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
01:21
When Europeans first arrived in America, they shunned the strange plant.
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ์ธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์ฒ˜์Œ ์™”์„ ๋•Œ ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ดดํ•œ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธฐํ”ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Many even believed it was the source of physical and cultural differences
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๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๋ฉ”์ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ์ค‘๋ฏธ์ธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜
01:30
between them and the Mesoamericans.
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์œก์ฒด์  ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ฐจ์ด์˜ ์›์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
However,
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01:33
their attempts to cultivate European crops in American soil quickly failed,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋•…์—์„œ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์‹œ๋„๋Š” ๊ณง ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:38
and the settlers were forced to expand their diet.
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์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ์ •์ฐฉ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
Finding the crop to their taste, maize soon crossed the Atlantic,
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๊ทธ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์ด ์ž…๋ง›์— ๋”ฑ ๋งž๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ž ๋ฉ”์ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ
01:45
where its ability to grow in diverse climates made it a popular grain
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„์—์„œ ์ž๋ž„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน์„ฑ ๋•๋ถ„์—
์œ ๋Ÿฝ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์— ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
in many European countries.
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01:52
But the newly established United States was still the corn capital of the world.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜๋„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
In the early 1800โ€™s, different regions across the country
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1800๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดˆ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ
02:01
produced strains of varying size and taste.
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ํฌ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ง›์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ํ’ˆ์ข…์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
In the 1850โ€™s, however,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 1850๋…„๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๋Š”
02:07
these unique varieties proved difficult for train operators to package,
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์Šน๋ฌด์›๋“ค์ด ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ํ’ˆ์ข…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํฌ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋ ค์›Œํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:12
and for traders to sell.
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์ƒ์ธ๋“ค์ด ํŒ๋งค๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
Trade boards in rail hubs like Chicago encouraged corn farmers
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์‹œ์นด๊ณ ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒ ๋„ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€์˜ ๋ฌด์—ญํ˜‘ํšŒ๋“ค์€
๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ •ํ˜•ํ™”๋œ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋„๋ก ๋…๋ คํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
to breed one standardized crop.
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02:20
This dream would finally be realized at 1893โ€™s Worldโ€™s Fair,
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์ด ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋Š” 1893๋…„๋„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ’ˆํ‰ํšŒ์—์„œ
02:26
where James Reidโ€™s yellow dent corn won the Blue Ribbon.
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์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋ฆฌ๋“œ์˜ ํ™ฉ์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์น˜์ข… ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ ๋ฆฌ๋ณธ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Over the next 50 years, yellow dent corn swept the nation.
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50๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ™ฉ์ƒ‰ ๋งˆ์น˜์ข… ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ „๊ตญ์„ ํœฉ์“ธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
Following the technological developments of World War II,
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2์ฐจ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Œ€์ „๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋•๋ถ„์—
02:38
mechanized harvesters became widely available.
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์ˆ˜ํ™•์šฉ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:41
This meant a batch of corn that previously took a full day to harvest by hand
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์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ๋งจ์†์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋ฃจ์ข…์ผ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ๋‹ค๋ฐœ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:46
could now be collected in just 5 minutes.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋‹จ 5๋ถ„ ๋งŒ์— ์ˆ˜ํ™•์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:49
Another wartime technology, the chemical explosive ammonium nitrate,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์‹œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ ํ™”ํ•™ ํญํƒ„์ธ ์งˆ์‚ฐ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„์€
02:54
also found new life on the farm.
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๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋†์žฅ์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:57
With this new synthetic fertilizer,
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋กœ
02:59
farmers could plant dense fields of corn year after year,
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ํ•ด๋งˆ๋‹ค ํ† ์ง€์— ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์‹ฌ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
without the need to rotate their crops and restore nitrogen to the soil.
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์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ† ์–‘์— ์งˆ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฑ„์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:07
While these advances made corn an attractive crop to American farmers,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์žฅ์ ๋“ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐฌ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
03:12
US agricultural policy limited the amount farmers could grow
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋†’๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋†์—… ์ •์ฑ…์ด ์‹œํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
03:16
to ensure high sale prices.
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๋†๋ถ€ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์–‘์ด ์ œํ•œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
But in 1972, President Richard Nixon removed these limitations
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 1972๋…„ ๋ฆฌ์ฒ˜๋“œ ๋‹‰์Šจ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์†Œ๋ จ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰๊ณก๋ฌผํŒ๋งค๋ฅผ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:23
while negotiating massive grain sales to the Soviet Union.
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ œํ•œ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๊ฑฐ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
With this new trade deal and WWII technology,
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์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜์™€ 2์ฐจ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Œ€์ „์—์„œ ํŒŒ์ƒ๋œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ
03:30
corn production exploded into a global phenomenon.
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
These mountains of maize inspired numerous corn concoctions.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์ƒ์‚ฐ๋œ ๋ฉ”์ด์ฆˆ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Cornstarch could be used as a thickening agent for everything from gasoline to glue
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ๋…น๋ง์€ ์ฆ์ ์ œ๋กœ์„œ ๊ฐ€์†”๋ฆฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ’€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์“ฐ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
03:44
or processed into a low-cost sweetener known as High-Fructose Corn Syrup.
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์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๊ฐ๋ฏธ๋ฃŒ๋กœ์„œ ๊ณ ๊ณผ๋‹น ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์‹œ๋Ÿฝ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
Maize quickly became one of the cheapest animal feeds worldwide.
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๋ฉ”์ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๋™๋ฌผ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
This allowed for inexpensive meat production,
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์ด๋Š” ์œก๋ฅ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋‹จ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
03:57
which in turn increased the demand for meat and corn feed.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ์œก๋ฅ˜์™€ ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฃŒ์˜ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
Today, humans eat only 40% of all cultivated corn,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ธ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ์ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ 40%๋งŒ ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:06
while the remaining 60% supports consumer good industries worldwide.
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๋‚จ์€ 60%๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์†Œ๋น„์žฌ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ์“ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Yet the spread of this wonder-crop has come at a price.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ด๋กœ์šด ๋†์ž‘๋ฌผ์˜ ํ™•์‚ฐ์—๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
Global water sources are polluted by excess ammonium nitrate from cornfields.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์›์ด ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋ฐญ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณผ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์งˆ์‚ฐ ์•”๋ชจ๋Š„์— ์˜ค์—ผ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:21
Corn accounts for a large portion of agriculture-related carbon emissions,
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋†์—… ๊ด€๋ จ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์— ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:26
partly due to the increased meat production it enables.
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๊ทธ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์œก๋ฅ˜ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
The use of high fructose corn syrup may be a contributor to diabetes and obesity.
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๊ณ ๊ณผ๋‹น ์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜ ์‹œ๋Ÿฝ์˜ ์„ญ์ทจ๋Š” ๋‹น๋‡จ๋ณ‘๊ณผ ๋น„๋งŒ์˜ ์›์ธ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
And the rise of monoculture farming
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ผ์ข… ์žฌ๋ฐฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Š”
04:37
has left our food supply dangerously vulnerable to pests and pathogensโ€”
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์ „ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‹๋Ÿ‰ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์ด ํ•ด์ถฉ๊ณผ ๋ณ‘์›๊ท ์— ํฐ ํƒ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
a single virus could infect the worldโ€™s supply of this ubiquitous crop.
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ํ•œ ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๋Š” ์ž‘๋ฌผ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ๊ฐ์—ผ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:48
Corn has gone from a bushy grass
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์˜ฅ์ˆ˜์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žก์ดˆ๋ฐญ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
04:51
to an essential element of the worldโ€™s industries.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์‚ฐ์—…์— ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์š”์†Œ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
But only time will tell if it has led us into a maze of unsustainability.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€์† ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋กœ์— ๋น ์งˆ์ง€๋Š” ์˜ค์ง ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋งŒ์ด ์•Œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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