Mysteries of vernacular: Miniature - Jessica Oreck

42,435 views ใƒป 2013-04-19

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber: Andrea McDonough Reviewer: Bedirhan Cinar
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Sanghyun Hahn ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jeong-Lan Kinser
00:13
Mysteries of Vernacular
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ํ† ์ฐฉ์–ด์˜ ์‹ ๋น„:
00:16
Miniature,
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๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์–ด์ณ๋Š”
00:17
something distinctively smaller
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์†ํ•ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์™€ ๊ณ„์ธต์•ˆ์—์„œ
00:19
than other members of its type or class.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํŠนํžˆ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„๋˜๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Miniature traces its roots to the Latin, <i>minium</i>,
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๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์–ด์ณ๋Š” 'Minium' ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์œ ๋ž˜๋ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:27
which meant, "red lead".
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "์ ์ƒ‰ ๋‚ฉ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
Minium referred, in particular, to a compound of lead
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'Minium'์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์ค‘์„ธ์— ์ƒ‰์†Œ๋กœ ์“ฐ์ด๋˜
00:33
used as a pigment in Medieval times.
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๋‚ฉ์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
In those days, because there were no printing presses,
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๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š”, ์ธ์‡„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
00:40
groups of scribes were tasked with
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ํ•„์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฑ…๋“ค์„
00:42
painstakingly copying all books by hand.
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๊ณ ๋™์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒ ๊ปด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
Whenever they needed to denote a chapter break
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๊ฐ ์žฅ๊ณผ ์žฅ ์‚ฌ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธ€์ด ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„
00:48
or a division of text,
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ํ‘œ์‹œ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜,
00:50
scribes would switch from standard black
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ํ•„์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํ‘์ƒ‰์—์„œ
00:53
to the red pigment, minium.
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์ ์ƒ‰ ์ƒ‰์†Œ์ธ minium์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Another important visual device used to increase
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๋ฌธ์ž์˜ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ค‘์š”๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
01:00
the prominence of certain portions of text
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๋˜๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ์  ์žฅ์น˜๋Š”,
01:03
was to set them off
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„
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with large, ornate, and colorful capital letters,
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ํฌ๊ณ , ์žฅ์‹์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋‹ค์ฑ„๋กœ์šด ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
01:07
often surrounded by tiny, detailed paintings.
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์ด ๋Œ€๋ฌธ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ž‘๊ณ  ์ •๊ตํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
The Italians began to refer
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์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์ธ๋“ค์€
01:14
to these elaborate and diminutive paintings
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์ด ์ •๊ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์„
01:16
as <i>miniatura</i>, illuminations.
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'Miniatura', ์ฆ‰ ์‚ฌ๋ณธ์žฅ์‹์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Because of the necessarily small size of the paintings,
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๊ทธ๋ฆผ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฐ–์— ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
01:24
miniatura began to be associated with all things wee
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'Miniatura'๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ž‘์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€์ง€์–ด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
01:28
and spawned to other words with the same base,
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์ตœ์†Œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์„ ์ง€๋‹ˆ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด minimum๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด
01:31
like the Latin <i>minimum</i>, for least.
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
Miniatura was transmuted into English
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Miniatura๋Š” 16์„ธ๊ธฐ์—
01:38
in the 16th century as the word, <i>miniature</i>,
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'Miniature' ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:42
and since that time,
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๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ,
01:44
it has had the exact same meaning we use today.
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miniature์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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