History vs. Andrew Jackson - James Fester

3,183,746 views ใƒป 2014-01-21

TED-Ed


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Ido Dekkers ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Tal Dekkers
00:06
A national hero? Or public enemy number one?
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ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืœืื•ืžื™? ืื• ืื•ื™ื™ื‘ ื”ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืื—ื“?
00:10
Historical figures are often controversial,
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ื“ืžื•ื™ื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืคืขืžื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉื ื•ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžื—ืœื•ืงืช,
00:12
but few were as deified or vilified
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ืื‘ืœ ืœืžืขื˜ื•ืช ืกื’ื“ื• ืื• ื”ืฉืžื™ืฆื•
00:14
in their lifetime
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ื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื—ื™ื™ื”ืŸ
00:16
as the seventh President of the United States.
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ื›ืžื• ืœื ืฉื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ ืฉืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช.
00:19
This is History vs. Andrew Jackson.
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ื–ื• ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ืžื•ืœ ืื ื“ืจื• ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ.
00:22
"Order, order, hm, uh, what were we...ah yes, Mr. Jackson!
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"ืกื“ืจ, ืกื“ืจ, ื”ืžืž, ืื”, ืขืœ ืžื”... ืื” ื›ืŸ, ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ!
00:27
You stand accused of degrading the office of the presidency,
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ืืชื” ืžื•ืืฉื ื‘ื”ืฉืคืœืช ืžืฉืจื“ื• ืฉืœ ื”ื ืฉื™ื,
00:31
causing financial collapse
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ื’ืจืžืช ืœื”ืชืžื•ื˜ื˜ื•ืช ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช
00:33
and wanton cruelty against American Indians.
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ื•ื”ืคื’ื ืช ืื›ื–ืจื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื.
00:36
How do you plead?"
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ื”ืื ืืชื” ืžื•ื“ื”?"
00:39
"Now, Your Honor, I am not a big city lawyer,
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"ืจื’ืข, ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ืขื•ืจืš ื“ื™ืŸ ืžื”ืขื™ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื”,
00:41
but I do know a few things.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ื›ืžื” ื“ื‘ืจื™ื.
00:43
And I know that President Jackson was
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื”
00:45
a self-made frontiersman,
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ืื™ืฉ ืคื•ืจืฅ ื’ื‘ื•ืœื•ืช ืขืฆืžืื™,
00:47
a great general,
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ื’ื ืจืœ ื“ื’ื•ืœ,
00:48
a real man of the people."
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ื•ืื“ื ืืžื™ืชื™ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื."
00:50
"Your Honor, this 'man of the people' was a gambler,
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"ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ื”'ืื™ืฉ ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืขื' ื”ื™ื” ืžื”ืžืจ,
00:52
a drunk, and a brawler.
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ืฉืชื™ื™ืŸ, ื•ืชื’ืจืŸ.
00:54
Why, I've heard it said that
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ื‘ืืžืช, ืื ื™ ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืฉื ืืžืจ
00:55
he would fight at the drop of the hat
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ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืœื—ื ื‘ื”ื•ืจื“ืช ื”ืžื’ื‘ืขืช
00:57
and then drop the hat himself.
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ื•ืื– ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ืืช ื”ืžื’ื‘ืขืช ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.
00:58
I ask you,
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืืœ ืื•ืชืš,
00:59
was such a man fit for the most distinguished office in the nation?
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ื”ืื ืื“ื ื›ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืจืื•ื™ ืœืžืฉืจื” ื”ื›ื™ ื ื›ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืื•ืžื”?
01:02
Can we forget the debacle of his inauguration?
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ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉื›ื•ื— ืืช ื”ื‘ืœืื’ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื”ืฉื‘ืขื”?
01:05
Who ever heard of inviting a drunken mob
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ืžื™ ืฉืžืข ืื™ ืคืขื ืขืœ ื”ื–ืžื ืช ืืกืคืกื•ืฃ ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจ
01:07
into the White House?
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ืœืชื•ืš ื”ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืœื‘ืŸ?
01:09
It took ages to get the upholstery clean."
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ื–ื” ืœืงื— ืฉื ื™ื ืœื ืงื•ืช ืืช ื”ืจื™ืคื•ื“."
01:12
"That drunken mob, sir, was the American people,
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"ื”ืืกืคืกื•ืฃ ื”ืฉื™ื›ื•ืจ, ืื“ื•ื ื™, ื”ื™ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื,
01:15
and they deserve to celebrate their victory."
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ื•ืžื’ื™ืข ืœื”ื ืœื—ื’ื•ื’ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืฆื—ื•ืŸ."
01:18
"Order, order! Now, did this celebration have pie?"
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"ืกื“ืจ, ืกื“ืจ! ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืื ื‘ื—ื’ื™ื’ื” ื”ื–ื• ื”ื™ื” ืคืื™?"
01:21
"Very well. Mr. Jackson, is it not the case
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"ื‘ืกื“ืจ ื’ืžื•ืจ. ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ืžืงืจื”
01:24
that immediately upon assuming office
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ืฉืžื™ื™ื“ ืื—ืจื™ ืงื‘ืœืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“
01:25
you introduced the spoils system,
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ื”ืฆื’ืช ืืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ื”ืคื™ื ื•ืงื™ื,
01:27
replacing hundreds of perfectly good federal employees
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ื•ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืžืื•ืช ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืคื“ืจืœื™ื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื
01:30
with incompetent party loyalists?"
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ืขื ื ืืžื ื™ื ืœืžืคืœื’ื” ื—ืกืจื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช?"
01:33
"Your Honor, the President did no such thing.
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"ื›ื‘ื•ื“ื•, ื”ื ืฉื™ื ืœื ืขืฉื” ื›ื–ื” ื“ื‘ืจ.
01:35
He tried to institute rotation in office
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ื”ื•ื ื ื™ืกื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืจื•ื˜ืฆื™ื” ื‘ืžืฉืจื“
01:38
to avoid any profiteering or funny business.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื ื•ืข ื—ืœื—ื•ืœ ืฉืœ ืขืกืงื™ื ืœื ื›ืฉืจื™ื.
01:41
It was the rest of the party
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืฉืืจื™ืช ื”ืžืคืœื’ื”
01:42
who insisted on giving posts to their lackeys."
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ืฉื”ืชืขืงืฉื• ืœืชืช ืืช ื”ืžืฉืจื•ืช ืœื ืืžื ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื."
01:45
"But Mr. Jackson complied, did he not?"
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"ืื‘ืœ ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ื”ืกื›ื™ื, ืœื ื›ืš?"
01:48
"Now, uh, see here."
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"ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื”, ืชืจืื•."
01:50
"Moving on.
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"ืชืžืฉื™ื›ื• ื”ืœืื”.
01:51
Mr. Jackson, did you not help to cause
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ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ, ื”ืื ืœื ืขื–ืจืช ืœื’ืจื•ื
01:53
the financial Panic of 1837,
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ืœืคืื ื™ืงื” ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ืช ืฉืœ 1837,
01:55
and the ensuing economic depression
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ื•ื”ืฉืคืœ ื”ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืฉืื—ืจื™ื”
01:58
with your obsessive war
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ืขื ื”ืžืœื—ืžื” ื”ืื•ื‘ืกืกื™ื‘ื™ืช ืฉืœืš
01:59
against the Bank of the United States?
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ื ื’ื“ ื”ื‘ื ืง ืฉืœ ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช?
02:01
Was not vetoing its reauthorization,
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ื”ืื ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื•ื˜ื• ืขืœ ืื™ืฉื•ืจื” ืžื—ื“ืฉ,
02:03
as you did in 1832,
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ื›ืžื• ืฉืขืฉื™ืช ื‘ 1832,
02:05
an act of irresponsible populace pandering
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ืคืขื•ืœื” ืฉืœ ืกืจืกื•ืจ ืœื ืื—ืจืื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืขื
02:08
that made no economic sense?"
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ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื”ื’ื™ื•ืŸ ื›ืœื›ืœื™ ืžืื—ื•ืจื™ื•?"
02:10
"Your Honor, the gentleman has quite the imagination.
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"ืื“ื•ื ื™, ืœืื“ื•ืŸ ื™ืฉ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ืžืคื•ืชื—.
02:12
That bank was just a way for rich Yanks
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ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ื™ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ื“ืจืš ืœื™ืื ืงื™ื ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื
02:14
to get richer.
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ืœื”ืชืขืฉืจ.
02:15
And all that money panic was caused
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ื•ื›ืœ ืคืื ื™ืงืช ื”ื›ืกืฃ ื ื’ืจืžื”
02:17
when British banks raised interest rates
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ื›ืฉื‘ื ืงื™ื ื‘ืจื™ื˜ื™ื™ื ื”ืขืœื• ืืช ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืจื™ื‘ื™ืช
02:19
and cut lending.
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ื•ื—ืชื›ื• ืืช ื”ื”ืœื•ื•ืื•ืช.
02:20
To blame it on the President is preposterous, I say."
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ืœื”ืืฉื™ื ืืช ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื–ื” ื–ื” ืฉืขืจื•ืจื™ื™ืชื™, ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ."
02:23
"But if Mr. Jackson had not destroyed the National Bank,
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"ืื‘ืœ ืื ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืฉืžื™ื“ ืืช ื”ื‘ื ืง ื”ืœืื•ืžื™,
02:26
it would have been able to lend to farmers
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ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกื•ื’ืœ ืœื”ืœื•ื•ืช ืœื—ืงืœืื™ื
02:28
and businesses when other credit dried up,
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ื•ืœืขืกืงื™ื ื›ืกืฃ ื›ืฉื”ืืฉืจืื™ ื”ืื—ืจ ื”ื™ื” ืžืชื™ื™ื‘ืฉ,
02:31
would it not?"
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ืœื ื›ืŸ?"
02:32
"Hm, this is all highly speculative.
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ื”ืžืž, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœื’ืžืจื™ ืกืคืงื•ืœื˜ื™ื‘ื™.
02:34
Can we move on?"
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ื”ืื ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš?"
02:35
"Certainly, Your Honor.
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"ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜, ืื“ื•ื ื™.
02:36
We now come to Mr. Jackson's
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื—ื ื• ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ืœืขื‘ืจื”
02:38
most terrible offense:
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ื”ื›ื™ ื ื•ืจืื™ืช ืฉืœ ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ:
02:39
forcing entire tribes out of their native lands
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ืœื”ื•ืฆื™ื ื‘ื›ื•ื— ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ืฉืœืžื™ื ืžืื“ืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืœื“ืช ืฉืœื”ื
02:41
via the Indian Removal Act."
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ื“ืจืš ื—ื•ืง ื”ื•ืฆืืช ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื."
02:44
"I resent that accusation, sir.
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"ืื ื™ ืžืชืจืขื ืขืœ ื”ื”ืืฉืžื” ื”ื–ื•, ืื“ื•ื ื™.
02:46
The U.S. of A. bought that land from the Indians
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ืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ืงื ืชื” ืืช ื”ืื“ืžื” ื”ื–ื• ืžื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื
02:47
fair and square."
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ."
02:49
"Do you call coercion and threats
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"ื”ืื ืืชื” ืงื•ืจื” ืœื”ืกืชื” ื•ืื™ื•ืžื™ื
02:51
by a nation with a far more powerful army
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ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืื•ืžื” ืขื ื›ื•ื— ืฆื‘ืื™ ื—ื–ืง ื‘ื”ืจื‘ื”
02:53
fair and square?
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ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ื•ื’ืŸ?
02:55
Or signing a treaty for removing the Cherokee
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ืื• ื—ืชื™ืžื” ืขืœ ืืžื ื” ืœื”ืขืชืงืช ื”ืฆ'ืจื•ืงื™
02:58
with a small group that didn't include
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ืขื ืงื‘ื•ืฆื” ืงื˜ื ื” ืฉืœื ื›ืœืœื”
02:59
their actual leaders?
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ืืช ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœื”ื?
03:01
They didn't have time to properly
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ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื–ืžืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ื“ ืืช ืขืฆืžื
03:02
supply themselves before the army came
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ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื ืื•ืชื” ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ืฆื‘ื ื‘ื
03:05
and forced them to march the Trail of Tears."
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ื•ื”ื›ืจื™ื— ืื•ืชื ืœืฆืขื•ื“ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื“ืžืขื•ืช."
03:07
"Now, hold on a minute.
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"ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื—ื›ื” ืจื’ืข.
03:08
This was all Van Buren's doing
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืžืขืฉื” ืฉืœ ื•ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืจืŸ
03:10
after President Jackson left office."
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ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’ืงืกื•ืŸ ืขื–ื‘ ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื™ื“."
03:12
"But Mr. Jackson laid the groundwork
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"ืื‘ืœ ืžืจ ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ื”ื ื™ื— ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš
03:14
and made sure the treaty was ratified.
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ื•ื“ืื’ ืฉื”ืืžื ื” ืชืื•ืฉืจืจ.
03:17
All President Van Buren had to do afterwards
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ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื•ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื•ืจืŸ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื—ืจ ื›ืš
03:19
was enforce it."
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ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืืช ื–ื”."
03:20
"Look here, Your Honor.
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"ืชืจืื”, ืื“ื•ื ื™.
03:22
Our government's been purchasing
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ื”ืžืžืฉืœื” ืฉืœื ื• ืจื›ืฉื”
03:24
Indian land since the beginning,
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ืื“ืžื•ืช ืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื ืžื”ื”ืชื—ืœื”,
03:25
and my client was negotiating these deals
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ื•ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ื˜ื™ืคืœ ื‘ืขืกืงืื•ืช ื”ืืœื”
03:27
even before he was President.
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ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื” ื ืฉื™ื.
03:28
President Jackson truly believed
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืืžื™ืŸ
03:30
it was best for the Indians
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ืฉื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื
03:32
to get compensated for their land
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ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคื™ืฆื•ื™ ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืื“ืžื” ืฉืœื”ื
03:33
and move out West,
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ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœืžืขืจื‘,
03:35
where there was plenty of space
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ืฉื ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืงื•ื
03:36
for them to keep living
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœื ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื—ื™ื•ืช
03:37
the way they were accustomed,
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ื‘ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ื”ื ื”ื™ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื ืืœื™ื”,
03:38
rather than stick around
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ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืœื”ืฉืืจ ื‘ืžืงื•ื
03:39
and keep butting heads with the white settlers.
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ื•ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืš ืœื”ืื‘ืง ื‘ืžืชื™ื™ืฉื‘ื™ื ื”ืœื‘ื ื™ื.
03:41
Some of whom, I remind our court,
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ื—ืœืงื, ืื ื™ ืžื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜,
03:43
wanted to exterminate them outright.
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ืจืฆื• ืœื”ืฉืžื™ื“ ืื•ืชื ืœื’ืžืจื™.
03:45
It was a different time."
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ืืœื” ื”ื™ื• ื–ืžื ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื."
03:46
"And yet, even in this different time,
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"ื•ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ, ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื–ืžื ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื”ืืœื”,
03:48
there were many in Congress
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ื”ื™ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ื‘ืงื•ื ื’ืจืก
03:50
and even the Supreme Court
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ
03:51
who saw how wrong the Removal Act was
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ืฉืจืื• ื›ืžื” ืฉื’ื•ื™ ื—ื•ืง ื”ื”ืขืชืงื” ื”ื™ื”
03:53
and loudly opposed it,
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ื•ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื• ื‘ืงื•ืœื ื™ื•ืช,
03:54
were there not?"
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ื”ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ื›ืš?"
03:56
"My client was under a great deal of pressure.
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"ื”ืœืงื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืชื—ืช ืœื—ืฅ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.
03:58
I say, do you think it's easy
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ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ, ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ืงืœ
04:00
governing such a huge country
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ืœืฉืœื•ื˜ ื‘ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื›ื–ื• ื’ื“ื•ืœื”
04:02
and keeping the Union together,
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ื•ืœืฉืžื•ืจ ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื—ื•ื“ ืฉืœื,
04:03
when states are fixing to nullify
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ื›ืฉืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืžื ืกื•ืช ืœื”ืชืขืœื
04:05
federal laws?
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ืžื—ื•ืงื™ื ืคื“ืจืœื™ื™ื?
04:06
President Jackson barely got South Carolina
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ื”ื ืฉื™ื ื’'ืงืกื•ืŸ ื‘ืงื•ืฉื™ ื’ืจื ืœื“ืจื•ื ืงืจื•ืœื™ื ื”
04:08
to back down over those import tariffs,
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ืœืกื’ืช ืžืžืกื™ ื”ื™ื‘ื•ื,
04:10
and then Georgia had to go discover gold
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ื•ืื– ื’'ื•ืจื’'ื™ื” ื”ื™ืชื” ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื’ืœื•ืช ื–ื”ื‘
04:12
and start grabbing up Cherokee land.
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ื•ืœื”ืชื—ื™ืœ ืœืชืคื•ืก ืื“ืžื•ืช ืฆ'ืจื•ืงื™.
04:14
It was either get the Indians to move
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืื• ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœืื™ื ื“ื™ืื ื™ื ืœืฆืืช
04:16
or get in another fight with a state government."
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ืื• ืœื”ื›ื ืก ืœืงืจื‘ ื ื•ืกืฃ ืขื ื”ืžืžืฉืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื“ื™ื ื”."
04:19
"So, you admit that Mr. Jackson
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"ืื–, ืืชื” ืžื•ื“ื” ืฉืžืจ ื’''ืงืกื•ืŸ
04:20
sacrified moral principles to achieve
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ื”ืงืจื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ืขืงืจื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืžื•ืจืœื™ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืฉื™ื’
04:22
some political goals?"
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ืžื˜ืจื•ืช ืคื•ืœื™ื˜ื™ื•ืช?"
04:24
"I do declare, show me one leader who hasn't."
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"ืื ื™ ืžืฆื”ื™ืจ, ืชืจืื• ืœื™ ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœื ืขืฉื” ื–ืืช."
04:27
As societies change and morals evolve,
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ื›ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืžืฉืชื ื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืจืœ ืžืชืคืชื—,
04:29
yesterday's hero may become
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ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืืชืžื•ืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš
04:30
tomorrow's villain, or vice versa.
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ืœืจืฉืขื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื—ืจ, ืื• ื”ื”ืคืš.
04:33
History may be past,
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ื”ื”ืกื˜ื•ืจื™ื” ื”ื™ื ืื•ืœื™ ื”ืขื‘ืจ,
04:35
but our understanding of it is always on trial.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœื ื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ื”, ืชืžื™ื“ ืชืขืžื•ื“ ืœืžืฉืคื˜.
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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