3 steps to turn everyday get-togethers into transformative gatherings | Priya Parker
139,044 views ・ 2019-07-15
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譯者: Helen Chang
審譯者: Bruce Sung
00:13
When I was a child,
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小時候
00:14
every other Friday,
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每隔一個星期五,
00:15
I would leave my mother
and stepfather's home --
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我會離開生母和繼父的家——
00:18
an Indian and British, atheist, Buddhist,
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他們是印度人和英國人、
無神論者、佛教徒、
00:23
agnostic, vegetarian, new age-y sometimes,
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不可知論者,吃素,
三不五時參與新時代運動,
00:29
Democratic household.
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是個民主黨的家庭。
00:31
And I would go 1.4 miles
to my father and stepmother's home
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我會去 1.4 英里外
生父和繼母的家,
00:35
and enter a white, Evangelical Christian,
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進入白人、福音派基督徒、
00:39
conservative, Republican,
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保守派、共和黨的生活,
00:42
twice-a-week-churchgoing,
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每週兩次去教會,
00:44
meat-eating family.
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吃葷。
00:47
It doesn't take a shrink
to explain how I ended up
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無需心理治療師來解釋
我何以進了解決衝突這一行。
00:50
in the field of conflict resolution.
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00:52
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
00:54
Whether I was facilitating dialogues
in Charlottesville or Istanbul
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無論我是在夏律第鎮、伊斯坦堡,
00:57
or Ahmedabad,
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還是在阿默達巴德促成對談,
00:59
the challenge was always the same:
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總是面對一樣的挑戰:
01:02
despite all odds,
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儘管存在著各種困難,
01:03
and with integrity,
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而且要保持誠信,
01:05
how do you get people
to connect meaningfully,
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你如何完整地讓人們
有意義地聯繫,
01:08
to take risks,
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願意承擔風險,
01:09
to be changed by their experience?
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透過經驗來改變呢?
01:13
And I would witness extraordinarily
beautiful electricity in those rooms.
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我在那裡見證到非凡振奮的狀態。
01:19
And then I would leave those rooms
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離開那裡,
01:21
and attend my everyday
gatherings like all of you --
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我參加你們一般的日常聚會——
01:24
a wedding or a conference
or a back-to-school picnic --
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婚禮、會議或校友聚餐——
01:27
and many would fall flat.
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許多不如預期。
01:30
There was a meaning gap
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在那些高度衝突團體
01:32
between these high-intensity
conflict groups
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和我的日常聚會之間
01:34
and my everyday gatherings.
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存在著意義上的差距。
01:37
Now, you could say, sure,
somebody's birthday party
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你會說:
某人的生日聚會和種族對話
當然不可同日而語。
01:39
isn't going to live up to a race dialogue,
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01:42
but that's not what I was responding to.
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但那不是我的回應。
01:45
As a facilitator,
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身為(衝突對談的)主持人,
01:47
you're taught to strip everything away
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你學到必須剝離一切,
01:49
and focus on the interaction
between people,
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專注於人與人之間的互動,
01:52
whereas everyday hosts
focus on getting the things right --
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而日常的主持人
則專注於把事做好——
01:56
the food, the flowers, the fish knives --
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食物、鮮花、切魚刀之類的——
01:59
and leave the interaction
between people largely to chance.
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多半讓人們之間隨機互動。
02:03
So I began to wonder how we might change
our everyday gatherings
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因此我開始思考
如何改變我們的日常聚會,
02:07
to focus on making meaning
by human connection,
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專注於透過聯繫人與人來產生意義,
02:12
not obsessing with the canapés.
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而不執著於小點心。
02:15
And I set out and interviewed
dozens of brave and unusual hosts --
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我採訪了數十位勇敢
而且非比尋常的主持人——
02:19
an Olympic hockey coach,
a Cirque du Soleil choreographer,
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有奧林匹克曲棍球教練、
太陽馬戲團編舞家、
02:22
a rabbi, a camp counselor--
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(熟稔猶太律法的)拉比、
營地輔導員——
02:24
to better understand
what creates meaningful
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以更了解到底是什麼創造了有意義,
02:27
and even transformative gatherings.
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甚至脫胎換骨的聚會。
02:29
And I want to share with you
some of what I learned today
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今天我想與大家分享
我學到一些聚會新規則。
02:32
about the new rules of gathering.
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02:35
So when most people plan a gathering,
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大多數人規劃聚會
02:37
they start with an off-the-rack format.
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從現成的格式著手。
02:39
Birthday party? Cake and candles.
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生日聚會?準備蛋糕和蠟燭。
02:43
Board meeting?
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董事會?
02:44
One brown table, 12 white men.
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安排一張棕色的桌子
和 12 個白人男子。
02:46
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
02:51
Assuming the purpose is obvious,
we skip too quickly to form.
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預設(會議的)目的顯而易見,
我們飛快地照既定格式著手安排。
02:55
This not only leads to dull
and repetitive gatherings,
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這不僅會導致沉悶和重複的聚會,
02:58
it misses a deeper opportunity
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還會錯失實際滿足
我們更深需求層次的機會。
03:00
to actually address our needs.
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03:03
The first step of creating
more meaningful everyday gatherings
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要創造更有意義的日常聚會
03:08
is to embrace a specific
disputable purpose.
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首先是擁抱一個特定
而可以商榷的宗旨。
03:13
An expectant mother I know
was dreading her baby shower.
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我認識一位準媽媽
憂心她的產前派對。
03:17
The idea of "pin the diaper
on the baby" games
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她覺得「將尿布釘在嬰兒身上」那遊戲
03:20
and opening gifts felt odd and irrelevant.
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和拆開禮物既奇怪又無關緊要。
03:23
So she paused to ask:
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所以她停下來問:
03:25
What is the purpose of a baby shower?
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產前派對的目的是什麼?
03:27
What is my need at this moment?
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我此時需要什麼?
03:31
And she realized it was
to address her fears
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她意識到這是為了解決
她和她丈夫的恐懼——
03:33
of her and her husband's --
remember that guy? --
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還記得那個男人嗎?——
03:36
transition to parenthood.
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兩人過渡到為人父母身份的恐懼。
03:38
And so she asked two friends
to invent a gathering based on that.
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所以她讓兩個朋友
發明基於此目的的聚會。
03:42
And so on a sunny afternoon,
six women gathered.
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在一個陽光明媚的下午,
六位女士聚集在一起。
03:46
And first, to address her fear of labor --
she was terrified --
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首先要解決她極度畏懼的產痛。
03:50
they told her stories from her life
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她們告訴她生活中的故事,
03:53
to remind her of the characteristics
she already carries --
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提醒她已經擁有的特質——
03:56
bravery, wonder, faith, surrender --
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勇敢、好奇、信心、順服——
04:01
that they believed would carry her
and help her in labor as well.
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她們相信這些特質也會
引領和幫助她度過產痛。
04:04
And as they spoke, they tied a bead
for each quality into a necklace
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她們每說一項特質,
就在項鍊上串一粒珠子,
04:09
that she could wear around her neck
in the delivery room.
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讓她戴在脖子上進產房。
04:13
Next, her husband came in,
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接下來,她的丈夫進來了,
04:15
and they wrote new vows,
family vows, and spoke them aloud,
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他們寫下新的誓言,
家的誓言,大聲說出來。
04:19
first committing to keep
their marriage central
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先是承諾在過渡到父母身份時
04:21
as they transitioned to parenthood,
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保持以婚姻為中心,
04:23
but also future vows to their future son
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還有對未來兒子的誓言,
04:26
of what they wanted to carry with them
from each of their family lines
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裡頭有他們希望
傳給未來兒子的兩家傳承,
04:29
and what would stop with this generation.
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和到他們這一代為止
不再往下傳的部分。
04:32
Then more friends came along,
including men, for a dinner party.
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然後有更多的朋友
來參加晚宴,包括男士。
04:36
And in lieu of gifts, they each brought
a favorite memory from their childhood
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取代禮物的是每個人帶來
他們童年時期最喜愛的記憶
04:40
to share with the table.
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與大家分享。
04:41
Now, you might be thinking
this is a lot for a baby shower,
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你或許認為這樣的
產前派對太小題大作了,
04:45
or it's a little weird
or it's a little intimate.
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有點奇怪,過於親密了些。
04:48
Good.
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好。
04:49
It's specific.
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這很具體,
04:50
It's disputable.
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具爭議性,
04:52
It's specific to them,
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是針對他們訂做的,
04:54
just as your gathering
should be specific to you.
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就像你的聚會應該針對你訂做那樣。
04:58
The next step of creating
more meaningful everyday gatherings
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創造更有意義的日常聚會的下一步
05:02
is to cause good controversy.
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是引起良性的爭議。
05:05
You may have learned, as I did,
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你可能像我一樣學到
05:07
never to talk about sex, politics
or religion at the dinner table.
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不要在餐桌上談論性、政治或宗教。
05:11
It's a good rule in that
it preserves harmony,
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這是一個很好的規則,
它保持和諧,
05:14
or that's its intention.
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起碼那是它的意圖。
05:15
But it strips away a core ingredient
of meaning, which is heat,
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但它剝奪了意義的核心要素,
也就是熱度,
05:20
burning relevance.
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迫切的相關性。
05:22
The best gatherings learn
to cultivate good controversy
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最好的聚會學習培養良好的爭議,
05:26
by creating the conditions for it,
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靠的是透創造環境條件。
05:29
because human connection
is as threatened by unhealthy peace
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因為不健康的和平
與不健康的衝突一樣,
都會威脅人類的聯繫。
05:33
as by unhealthy conflict.
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05:37
I was once working
with an architecture firm,
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我曾和一家建築公司合作,
05:39
and they were at a crossroads.
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他們正處於十字路口。
05:41
They had to figure out whether they wanted
to continue to be an architecture firm
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他們必須弄清楚
是否想繼續當建築公司,
專注於建築物,
05:45
and focus on the construction of buildings
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05:47
or pivot and become
the hot new thing, a design firm,
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或轉型為熱門的、新的設計公司,
05:49
focusing on beyond
the construction of spaces.
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專注的不僅僅是空間的建設。
05:52
And there was real
disagreement in the room,
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房間裡確實存在著分歧,
05:54
but you wouldn't know, because no one
was actually speaking up publicly.
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但你不會知道,
因為沒有人真正公開發言。
於是我們為爭議作東。
05:58
And so we hosted good controversy.
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06:00
After a lunch break,
all the architects came back,
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午休後,建築師全都回來了,
06:03
and we hosted a cage match.
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我們辦了場「籠中格鬥」。
06:07
They walked in,
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他們進了會議室,
06:08
we took one architect, put him
in one corner to represent architecture,
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我們把一位建築師帶到角落代表建築,
06:12
the other one to represent design.
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另一個代表設計。
06:14
We threw white towels around their necks,
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我們在他們的脖子上掛了白毛巾——
06:16
stolen from the bathroom -- sorry --
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抱歉,從浴室偷來的——
06:18
played Rocky music on an iPad,
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用 iPad 播放《洛基》電影配樂,
06:20
got each a Don King-like manager
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給兩人各一個像唐·金那樣的經理
06:22
to rev them up and prepare them
with counterarguments,
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使他們活躍起來,還為他們準備反駁,
06:25
and then basically made them each argue
the best possible argument
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基本上讓他們二人辯論
各自未來願景的最佳論點。
06:29
of each future vision.
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06:31
The norm of politeness
was blocking their progress.
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慣常的禮貌規範阻礙了進步。
06:34
And we then had everybody else
physically choose a side
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接著我們讓其他人
在同事面前選擇立場。
06:38
in front of their colleagues.
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06:40
And because they were able
to actually show where they stood,
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正因為能夠真正展示他們的立場,
06:43
they broke an impasse.
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他們打破了僵局。
06:45
Architecture won.
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建築那一邊贏了。
06:47
So that's work.
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這就是工作。
06:48
What about a hypothetical
tense Thanksgiving dinner?
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來個假想的、緊張的
感恩節晚餐如何?
06:54
Anyone?
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有人有過嗎?
06:55
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
06:58
So first, ask the purpose.
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首先,問目的。
07:00
What does this family need this year?
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這個家庭今年需要什麼?
07:04
If cultivating good heat is part of it,
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如果培養好熱度是其中的一部分,
07:07
then try for a night banning opinions
and asking for stories instead.
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那麼試著禁談觀點,只講故事。
07:13
Choose a theme
related to the underlying conflict.
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選擇與潛在衝突相關的主題。
07:16
But instead of opinions,
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但是,不要發表意見,
07:18
ask everybody to share a story
from their life and experience
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而是要求每個人分享
他們生活和經歷中的故事,
07:21
that nobody around the table
has ever heard,
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同桌沒有任何人聽過的故事,
07:23
to difference or to belonging
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相異、相屬,
07:26
or to a time I changed my mind,
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或個人改變主意的時刻,
07:29
giving people a way in to each other
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彼此讓步,
07:31
without burning the house down.
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不吵翻天。
07:35
And finally, to create more meaningful
everyday gatherings,
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最後是建立更有意義的日常聚會,
07:39
create a temporary alternative world
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透過使用彈出式規則
07:42
through the use of pop-up rules.
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創建一個臨時的替代世界。
07:47
A few years ago, I started noticing
invitations coming with a set of rules.
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幾年前,我開始注意到
帶有一些規則的邀請。
07:51
Kind of boring or controlling, right?
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有點無聊或受控制,對吧?
07:55
Wrong.
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錯了。
07:56
In this multicultural,
intersectional society,
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在這個交叉著多元文化的社會裡,
07:59
where more of us are gathered and raised
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有許多與我們成長經歷的不同禮儀,
08:01
by people and with etiquette
unlike our own,
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08:03
where we don't share the etiquette,
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大家有不同的禮儀規範。
08:06
unspoken norms are trouble,
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未說出口的規範會導致麻煩,
08:09
whereas pop-up rules allow us
to connect meaningfully.
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而彈出式規則允許我們有意義地聯繫。
08:12
They're one-time-only constitutions
for a specific purpose.
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它們是針對特定目的的一次性憲法。
08:16
So a team dinner,
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因此,團隊共進晚餐,
08:19
where different generations are gathering
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不同代的人聚集在一起,
08:21
and don't share the same
assumptions of phone etiquette:
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不預設電話禮儀相同:
08:25
whoever looks at their phone first
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誰先看手機,
08:27
foots the bill.
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誰就買單。
08:29
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
08:30
Try it.
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試試吧。
08:31
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
08:33
For an entrepreneurial advice circle
of just strangers,
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在陌生人的創業建議圈裡,
08:36
where the hosts don't want
everybody to just listen
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主持人不希望人人只聽
08:38
to the one venture capitalist
in the room --
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屋裡的風險資本家說話——
08:40
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
08:41
knowing laugh --
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會心的笑——
08:43
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
08:44
you can't reveal what you do for a living.
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你不能透露你的職業。
08:48
For a mom's dinner,
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至於媽媽的晚餐會,
08:50
where you want to upend the norms
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你要改變常態,
08:51
of what women who also happen
to be mothers talk about when they gather,
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改變有孩子的女人的聚會話題,
08:56
if you talk about your kids,
you have to take a shot.
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如果你談論媽媽經
就得乾一杯。
08:59
(Laughter)
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(笑聲)
09:02
That's a real dinner.
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那才是真正的晚餐。
09:05
Rules are powerful,
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規則強而有力,
09:07
because they allow us to temporarily
change and harmonize our behavior.
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因為規則令我們暫時
改變和協調我們的行為。
09:12
And in diverse societies,
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在多元社會裡,
09:14
pop-up rules carry special force.
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彈出式規則具有特殊的力量。
它讓我們跨越差異,
09:17
They allow us to gather across difference,
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09:19
to connect,
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連結在一起,
09:20
to make meaning together
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共同創造意義,
09:22
without having to be the same.
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無需人人相同。
09:25
When I was a child,
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我在兒時
09:27
I navigated my two worlds
by becoming a chameleon.
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透過成為一個變色龍
來駕馭我的兩個世界。
09:31
If somebody sneezed in my mother's home,
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如果有人在我生母的家裡打噴嚏,
09:33
I would say, "Bless you,"
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我會說:「保佑你,」
09:35
in my father's, "God bless you."
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在生父的家裡則說:
「『上帝』保佑你。」
09:38
To protect myself, I hid,
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為了保護自己,我隱藏自己,
09:41
as so many of us do.
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許多人也是如此。
09:43
And it wasn't until I grew up
and through conflict work
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直到我長大並從事化解衝突的工作,
09:46
that I began to stop hiding.
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我不再隱藏了。
09:49
And I realized that gatherings for me,
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我意識到,對我來說,
09:52
at their best,
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最好的聚會讓我們與別人打成一片,
09:54
allow us to be among others,
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09:57
to be seen for who we are,
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讓別人看到我們是誰,
09:59
and to see.
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我們自己也看到。
10:03
The way we gather matters
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我們聚集的方式很重要,
10:07
because how we gather
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因為我們的聚集方式
10:09
is how we live.
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就是我們的生活方式。
10:11
Thank you.
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謝謝。
10:12
(Applause)
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(掌聲)
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