The Standing Rock resistance and our fight for indigenous rights | Tara Houska

翻译人员: rowling zhan 校对人员: Sharon Woo

（奥杰布瓦语）你们好！

[Ojibwe: Hello.

My English name is Tara; my Native name is Zhaabowekwe.

我的英文名字是塔拉， 族语名字是札宝威奎。

I am of Couchiching First Nation; my clan is bear.

我是库契钦第一民族中的熊族，

I was born under the Maple Sapping Moon.]

我在春天的第一个满月 （枫糖月）时出生。

My name is Tara Houska,

（英语）我叫塔拉．豪斯卡，

I'm bear clan from Couchiching First Nation,

我是库契钦第一民族中的熊族，

I was born under the Maple Sapping Moon in International Falls, Minnesota,

我在春天的第一个满月时 出生于明尼苏达国际瀑布城。

and I'm happy to be here with all of you.

很开心能与你们齐聚一堂。

(Applause)

（掌声）

Trauma of indigenous peoples has trickled through the generations.

原住民族的创伤 已经流淌过了数个世代

Centuries of oppression, of isolation, of invisibility,

几世纪以来的压迫、孤立与忽视，

have led to a muddled understanding of who we are today.

造成现今族群认同的迷惘。

In 2017, we face this mixture of Indians in headdresses

到了 2017 年， 我们看到了印第安头饰的混用

going across the plains

传遍美洲大平原；

but also the drunk sitting on a porch somewhere you never heard of,

但同时，在你从未听过的地方， 也有人醉倒在门廊上，

living off government handouts and casino money.

靠着政府补助和赌博赚来的钱维生。

(Sighs)

（叹气）

It's really, really hard.

这是一件非常、非常棘手的事。

It's very, very difficult to be in these shoes,

这对我而言非常艰难， 尤其身为原住民族的一份子、

身为种族屠杀的幸存者， 站在这里，很不容易。

to stand here as a product of genocide survival, of genocide.

We face this constant barrage of unteaching the accepted narrative.

我们不断受到认知被扭曲的轰炸，

87 percent of references in textbooks, children's textbooks, to Native Americans

教科书、学童用书中 提及美国原住民族的部分，

87% 来自1910年代以前的资料。

are pre-1900s.

美国各州中，只有一半 会提及一个以上的部落；

Only half of the US states mention more than a single tribe,

and just four states mention the boarding-school era,

只有四个州，提及寄宿学校时代，

the era that was responsible for my grandmother

这个时代，造成我的祖母、

and her brothers and sisters

她的兄弟姐妹

having their language and culture beaten out of them.

被迫失去了他们的语言及文化。

When you aren't viewed as real people,

当你不被当成真正的人来看待，

it's a lot easier to run over your rights.

他们要践踏你的权利， 就变得非常容易。

Four years ago, I moved to Washington, DC.

四年前，我搬到华盛顿特区。

I had finished school and I was there to be a tribal attorney

那时，我完成了学业 到那里去当部落律师，

and represent tribes across the nation, representing on the Hill,

代表全国各地的部落， 在国会山庄担任代表，

and I saw immediately why racist imagery matters.

我随即明白为何种族意象事关重大。

I moved there during football season, of all times.

我搬到那里时，正值美式足球季，

And so it was the daily slew of Indian heads

每天都有很多印第安人的头， （注：华盛顿是红人队）

and this "redskin" slur everywhere,

到处充斥着「红皮肤」这个辱称。

while my job was going up on the Hill

而我的工作是要去国会山庄，

and trying to lobby for hospitals, for funding for schools,

为医院、学校资金、基础政府服务

for basic government services,

进行游说。

and being told again and again

我一再被告知：

that Indian people were incapable of managing our own affairs.

印第安人没有能力管理自己的事务。

When you aren't viewed as real people,

当你不被真正的人看待，

it's a lot easier to run over your rights.

他们要践踏你的权力， 就变得非常容易。

And last August, I went out to Standing Rock Sioux Reservation.

去年八月，我去了立岩地区 苏族印第安原住民保留地，

I saw resistance happening.

我亲眼看到反抗行动，

We were standing up.

我们站起来了。

There were youth that had run 2,000 miles from Cannonball, North Dakota

有年轻人跑了两千英里路， 从北达科他州的坎农博尔，

all the way out to Washington, DC, with a message for President Obama:

一路到华盛顿特区， 将讯息带给奥巴马总统：

"Please intervene.

“ 请介入，

Please do something.

请做点什么，

Help us."

帮助我们。”

And I went out, and I heard the call,

我走出去，我听见了呼喊，

and so did thousands of people around the world.

全世界数以千计的人也听见了。

Why did this resonate with so many people?

为什么这么多人会对此产生共鸣？

Indigenous peoples are impacted first and worst by climate change.

原住民们是受到气候变迁影响 最先、和最深刻的族群；

We are impacted first and worst by the fossil-fuel industry.

我们是最先受到化石燃料产业影响， 且影响最大的族群。

Here in Louisiana, the first US climate change refugees exist.

美国首批气候变迁难民 就在这里，路易斯安那州，

They are Native people

他们是原住民族人，

being pushed off their homelands from rising sea levels.

因为海平面上升，被迫离开家园；

That's our reality, that's what we live.

这就是我们的现实、我们的生活。

And with these projects comes a slew of human costs

这些计划带来了大量的人力成本，

that people don't think about:

大家却没去思考：

thousands of workers influxing to build these pipelines,

数以千计的工人涌入， 来建造这些管线，

to build and extract from the earth,

来建造、抽取地下资源，

bringing crime and sex trafficking and violence with them.

他们同时带来了犯罪、 性交易、暴力。

Missing and murdered indigenous women in Canada

在加拿大，失踪、 遭受谋杀的原住民族女性

has become so significant it's spawned a movement

实在太多了， 人们因此发起抗议

and a national inquiry.

及全国性的调查行动。

Thousands of Native women who have disappeared,

有数以千计的原住民族女性失踪、

who have been murdered.

遭受谋杀，

And here in the US, we don't even track that.

但在美国，我们甚至不会去追究，

We are instead left with an understanding

我们得到的反而是：

that our Supreme Court, the United States Supreme Court,

我们的最高法院，美国最高法院

stripped us, in 1978, of the right to prosecute at the same rate

早在1978年夺去了我们的权力，

让我们无法和美国其他地方 有一样的起诉率。

as anywhere else in the United States.

So as a non-Native person you can walk onto a reservation and rape someone

因此，一个非原住民者 大可以到保留区里、强暴某个人，

and that tribe is without the same level

而这个部落并没有

of prosecutorial ability as everywhere else,

和其他地方相同的起诉权力，

and the Federal Government declines these cases 40 percent of the time.

并且40%的案子会被联邦政府拒绝。

It used to be 76 percent of the time.

曾经是76% 的概率。

One in three Native women are raped in her lifetime.

三分之一的原住民族女性 在一生中有遭受过强暴的经历。

One in three.

三个人中就有一个。

But in Standing Rock, you could feel the energy in the air.

但在立岩地区， 你可以感受到空气中的能量，

You could feel the resistance happening.

你可以感觉到抵抗正在发生。

People were standing and saying, "No more.

大家站出来说：“ 到此为止

Enough is enough.

已经够了。

We will put our bodies in front of the machines

我们会以肉身阻挡机器，

to stop this project from happening.

来阻止这个计划实现。

Our lives matter.

我们的生命非常重要，

Our children's lives matter."

我们孩子的生命非常重要。”

And thousands of allies came to stand with us from around the world.

全世界数以千计的盟友， 前来和我们并肩作战，

It was incredible, it was incredible to stand together, united as one.

那很不可思议。并肩而立、 同心协力的感觉，很不可思议。

(Applause)

（掌声）

In my time there,

我在那里的时候，

I saw Natives being chased on horseback by police officers shooting at them,

我看到原住民族人 骑在马背上，被警察开枪追赶。

history playing out in front of my eyes.

历史就在我眼前上演。

I myself was put into a dog kennel when I was arrested.

我自己被逮捕的时候， 被丢到狗笼里，

But funny story, actually, of being put into a dog kennel.

但其实在狗笼里的故事还蛮好笑的，

So we're in this big wire kennel with all these people,

我们一群人被关在大铁笼里，

and the police officers are there and we're there,

警察在那里，我们在那里，

and we start howling like dogs.

然后我们开始学狗嚎叫。

You're going to treat us like dogs? We're going to act like dogs.

你们要把我们当狗来对待吗？ 那我们就当狗给你们看！

But that's the resilience we have.

这就是我们的韧性。

All these horrific images playing out in front of us,

在我们面前净是这些可怕的影像；

being an indigenous person pushed off of Native lands again in 2017.

身为原住民族人， 在 2017 年，我们再次被赶出家园，

But there was such beauty.

但这其中也有美的存在。

On one of the days that we faced a line of hundreds of police officers

抗争的某一天， 我们面对一整排数百名的警察，

pushing us back, pushing us off indigenous lands,

他们把我们向后推， 将我们推出故土。

there were those teenagers out on horseback across the plains.

那时，有一些青少年 骑着马穿越平原

They were herding hundreds of buffalo towards us,

他们把数百头野牛赶向我们，

and we were crying out, calling, "Please turn, please turn."

我们大声疾呼： “ 请转向，请转向！”

And we watched the buffalo come towards us,

然后，我们看着野牛朝我们过来，

and for a moment, everything stopped.

在那一刻，一切都静止了。

The police stopped, we stopped,

警察停了下来，我们也停了下来。

and we just saw this beautiful, amazing moment of remembrance.

我们就这样看着这美丽、 惊人、令人难以忘怀的时刻。

And we were empowered. We were so empowered.

我们因此获得力量， 我们充满着力量。

I interviewed a woman who had, on one day --

我访问过一位女性，她在某一天──

September 2nd,

九月二日那一天，

the Standing Rock Sioux Reservation had told the courts --

立岩地区苏族保留地告诉法庭──

there's an ongoing lawsuit right now --

他们现在正持续在打官司──

they told the courts,

他们告诉法庭：

"Here is a sacred site that's in the direct path of the pipeline."

“ 管线的路径正好 经过一处神圣之地。”

On September 3rd, the following day,

九月三日，也就是隔天，

Dakota Access, LLC skipped 25 miles ahead in its construction,

达科他输油管公司（Dakota Access） 跳过了 25 英里的建设进度，

to destroy that site.

抢先把那处神圣之地摧毁。

And when that happened, the people in camp rushed up to stop this,

事件发生时，在营区 待命的人赶忙前去阻止，

and they were met with attack dogs,

他们遭受狗群攻击。

people, private security officers, wielding attack dogs in [2016].

私人安保人员放出猛犬攻击人， 那时是 2017 年。

But I interviewed one of the women,

但我访问了其中一位女性，

who had been bitten on the breast by one of these dogs,

她的胸部被其中一只狗咬伤，

and the ferocity and strength of her

而她的强悍和力量

was incredible,

很不可思议。

and she's out right now in another resistance camp,

她现在已经复出， 在另一个抗争营区，

the same resistance camp I'm part of,

也就是我参加的阵营：

fighting Line 3, another pipeline project in my people's homelands,

对抗三号线，那是在我族 土地上的另一个管道计划，

wanting 900,000 barrels of tar sands per day

规划一天九十万桶的油砂运输量，

through the headwaters of the Mississippi to the shore of Lake Superior

通过密西西比河上游， 到苏必略湖湖岸，

and through all the Treaty territories along the way.

并一路穿越位于 该区域的原住民协定领地。

But this woman's out there and we're all out there standing together,

但这位女性仍在那里， 我们全都在那里，并肩作战，

because we are resilient, we are fierce,

因为我们韧性很强，我们很强悍，

and we are teaching people how to reconnect to the earth,

我们在教导人们 如何与地球重新连结，

remembering where we come from.

记得自己来自何处，

So much of society has forgotten this.

以及许多这些被社会大众遗忘的东西。

(Applause)

（掌声）

That food you eat comes from somewhere.

你们吃的食物来自某处，

The tap water you drink comes from somewhere.

你们喝的自来水来自某处，

We're trying to remember, teach,

我们在试着去记得、教导，

because we know, we still remember.

因为我们知道，我们仍然记得，

It's in our plants, in our medicines, in our lives,

它就蕴藏在我们的植物中、 药品中，在我们的生活之中，

every single day.

每日皆如此。

I brought this out to show.

我带了这个来跟你们分享。

(Rattling)

（咯咯声）

This is cultural survival.

这是个文化遗物，

This is from a time that it was illegal

它从历史中幸存下来，

从那个美国原住民文化习俗 被法令禁止的时代幸存下来。

to practice indigenous cultures in the United States.

This was cultural survival hidden in plain sight.

这是隐藏在醒目处的文化生存。

This was a baby's rattle.

这是个婴儿手摇铃。

That's what they told the Indian agents when they came in.

当时，印第安事务官 来盘查时，他们就是这么呈报的：

It was a baby's rattle.

一个婴儿手摇铃。

But it's incredible what you can do when you stand together.

但当人们并肩团结时， 所能做到的事是很惊人的。

It's incredible, the power that we have when we stand together,

当我们团结一致时， 我们拥有的力量是惊人的。

human resistance, people having this power,

人类的顽强，就是我们的力量。

some of the most oppressed people you can possibly imagine

那些你所能想到、 受到最多压迫的人，

costing this company hundreds of millions of dollars,

实际上已造成 这间公司损失数亿美元。

and now our divestment efforts, focusing on the banks behind these projects,

现在，我们把努力的焦点放在 支持这些计划的银行，使他们撤资，

costing them billions of dollars.

造成他们数十亿美元的损失。

Five billion dollars we've cost them so far,

目前，我们和银行联手，

已经让他们损失五十亿美元。

hanging out with banks.

(Applause)

（掌声）

So what can you do?

那，你们能做什么呢？

How can you help?

你们能帮上什么忙呢？

How can you change the conversation

你们想如何和这些

for extremely oppressed and forgotten people?

极度受迫并被以往的族群 开启新的对话？

Education is foundational.

教育是实现这些目标的基础。

Education shapes our children. It shapes the way we teach.

教育形塑我们的孩童、 我们的教导方式，

It shapes the way we learn.

也形塑我们的学习方式。

In Washington State,

在华盛顿州，

they've made the teaching of treaties and modern Native people

他们将原住民条约及原住民族人现况

mandatory in school curriculum.

纳入学校必修课程。

That is systems change.

这是体制的改变。

(Applause)

（掌声）

When your elected officials are appropriating their budgets,

当你们选出的官员 在编列他们的预算时，

问他们：你们兑现了条约的义务吗？

ask them: Are you fulfilling treaty obligations?

Treaties have been broken since the day they were signed.

这些条约在签订的那天， 就已经被违反了。

Are you meeting those requirements?

你们达到这些要求了吗？

That would change our lives, if treaties were actually upheld.

如果条约确实得到维持， 那将会改变我们的生活。

Those documents were signed.

我们确实已经签署了那些文件，

Somehow, we live in this world where, in 2017,

不知怎么的， 在2017年， 我们居住的这个世界里，

the US Constitution is held up as the supreme law of the land, right?

美国宪法被视为 这块土地的至上法律，对吧？

But when I talk about treaty rights, I'm crazy.

但当我谈论条约权利， 我很疯狂。

That's crazy.

那很疯狂。

Treaties are the supreme law of the land,

条约才是这块土地的至上法律，

and that would change so much,

那将带来很大的改变，

if you actually asked your representative officials

如果你们确实要求民意代表

调整那些预算，

to appropriate those budgets.

And take your money out of the banks.

还有，把你们的钱从银行取出来，

That's huge. It makes a huge difference.

这些举动意义重大， 将会带来很大的不同。

Stand with us, empathize,

与我们并肩吧，展现同理心、

learn, grow, change the conversation.

学习、成长、改变对话。

Forty percent of Native people are under the age of 24.

24 岁以下的人占了 原住民族人口的 40%，

We are the fastest-growing demographic in the United States.

我们是美国人口中 成长最快速的族群。

We are doctors, we are lawyers,

我们是医生，我们是律师；

we are teachers, we are scientists,

我们是老师，我们是科学家；

we are engineers.

我们是工程师；

We are medicine men, we are medicine women,

我们是男巫医，我们是女巫医；

we are sun dancers, we are pipe carriers,

我们是日舞者、神圣烟斗肩负者； （注：日舞为一种祭祀舞蹈仪式）

we are traditional language speakers.

我们是说传统语言的人。

And we are still here.

而我们还在这里。

Miigwech.

（奥杰布瓦语）谢谢。

(Applause)

（掌声）