Alok Sharma: Why COP26 is our best chance for a greener future | TED

Transcriber: Ivana Korom Reviewer:

翻译人员: Ingrid Xu 校对人员: Cissy Yun

I’m here, in the heart of London’s financial district, the Square Mile.

我现在正在伦敦的金融中心， the Square Mile。

This is the area where I worked

在 90 年代，我就是在这里开始了 我的投行事业，

at the start of my investment-banking career in the ’90s,

as a fresh-faced youth.

我当时还是行内的新面孔。

But if you told me then that I would end up as COP26 president,

但如果你那时候告诉我， 我会最终成为 COP26 的主席，

I think I’d have asked you what COP26 was.

我可能会问 “什么是 COP26 ？”

It’s the 26th United Nations climate conference

它就是第26届第联合国气候变化大会，

and it’s taking place in the UK.

并且在英国举办。

But forget the technical terms.

请先别管这些术语。

What COP26 really stands for

COP26 真正代表的是

is our last chance to avoid the worst effects of climate change.

我们避免气候变化 最坏影响的最后机会。

And I’ll come back to that later.

我过一会儿会回到这个话题。

The point is that when I began my career in banking,

重点是当我开始我的投行事业时，

climate didn't feature particularly highly,

气候并未受到很多关注，

certainly not in finance,

金融界未对其多留心，

and not so much in the rest of the country either.

而国家的其他领域也是这样。

In the ’90s, there was a guy called Swampy,

在90年代，有一位叫 斯旺皮（Swampy）的环保主义者，

who spent time occupying trees and tunnels,

他花了很多时间占领树木和隧道 来抗议气候变化，

and he was the main face of climate action in the United Kingdom.

他是英国气候行动的主要面孔。

But, you know, things change.

但是事态常变。

I remember being on a flight in the late 2000s

我记得在 2000 年代后期， 我乘飞机时

and watching Al Gore’s film “An Inconvenient Truth.”

看了阿尔·戈尔的纪录片 “难以忽视的真相”。

And I rarely watch an entire film,

我很少看完整部电影，

but this one I watched twice on the same flight.

但我在飞机上将这部纪录片 整整看了两遍。

And I remember sitting on the plane afterwards

记得看完后的我，坐在飞机上

thinking about my young daughters

想着我的年幼的女儿们

and what future I wanted for them.

以及我想要給她们一个怎样的未來。

So fast forward 14 years or so,

快进14年左右，

and my entire professional life is now dedicated

现在，我的整个职业生涯都投入了

to getting the world to tackle the climate crisis.

让世界联手应对气候危机。

I witnessed the terrible effects

我目睹了这场危机

that the crisis is already having in developing countries

对发展中国家造成的可怕影响,

amongst people who, quite frankly, have done the very least to cause it.

而那里的居民没有做什么事 造成这场气候危机。

And I think about that injustice a lot.

我经常思考这种不公正。

Really a lot.

时时刻刻。

And that journey that I’ve made

我的经历是

is just one example of a much broader shift

近30年的广泛转变中的一个例子，

over the past 30 years.

One that has seen climate move from the margins to the mainstream

见证了气候问题从边缘走向主流，

in business, in government,

这发生在在商业界、政府

in finance and indeed amongst the public.

金融界，以及在社会上

And it’s that shift that makes me hopeful on climate,

这使我对气候问题变得有希望，

despite the scale of the challenge that we face, which frankly is huge.

尽管我们面临的挑战规模， 坦率地说，是巨大的。

Now, the science shows that to avoid the worst effects of climate change,

现在科学表明， 为了避免气候变化的最坏影响，

we must limit the rise in average global temperature

我们必须限制全球平均温度的上升

to 1.5 degrees centigrade.

在1.5度摄氏度以内。

That if temperatures rise higher,

如果温度上升更高，

the risk of species extinction and catastrophic impacts on human lives

物种灭绝以及对人类生活的灾难性影响

increases dramatically.

发生的概率将会急剧增加。

And we risk kickstarting feedback loops with the consequences of climate change,

而我们会冒险触发反馈循环 造成气候变化恶果，

like melting permafrost,

像融化永冻层，

release even more greenhouse gases into the atmosphere,

向大气层释放更多的温室气体，

making it even harder to wrestle the crisis under control.

让控制气候危机更加困难。

Now, to keep 1.5-degree limits alive,

为了保持 1.5 度的限制，

we’ve got to halve global emissions by 2030.

我们必须在2030年之前 将全球的排放量减半。

That’s right, halve.

是的，减半。

That is a huge undertaking.

这是项巨大工程。

But, you know, I’m hopeful because climate is now mainstream

但是，我对此抱有希望 因为气候问题变得主流

and that is turning the global economy green.

并在转变全球经济更绿色发展。

Increasingly, the Swampies of the world,

而更多世界上的“斯旺皮”，

they’re not protesting in trees and tunnels,

他们不在树边或隧道里抗议，

they’re all around us in the boardrooms as well as the classrooms.

他们就在我们身边， 在董事会或教室。

In government departments and on trading floors

在全世界的政府部门和交易大厅。

all around the world.

In every country that I visit as COP president,

我作为 COP 的主席 到访过的每个国家

I meet young people and activists.

我都会遇见年轻人和社会活动家。

And everywhere I see the same passion

我在每处都看到同样的激情

and the commitment to act on climate.

以及对气候采取行动的承诺。

Companies in every sector are throwing themselves

各行各业的公司都在投身

behind a clean, green future,

于清洁、绿色的未来，

and rocketing public concern

飞速增长的公众关注

is encouraging governments and businesses to act.

也在鼓励政府和企业采取行动。

And shareholders, they’re forcing companies to change.

而股东们也推动公司做出改变。

And the move to clean technology

而清洁科技的发展速度

is accelerating faster than anyone anticipated.

比任何人预期的都要快。

I mean, let’s take the sale of clean cars and vans

就拿无污染汽车和货车来说，

that outstripping predictions.

它们销量以远远超出预计。

Solar and wind power are now cheaper than coal and gas in most of the world.

在大部分地区，太阳能和风能 比煤炭和天然气便宜。

And three times as much solar power was built in 2020 than analysts predicted

而在 2020 年所建的太阳能比

just back in 2015.

分析师在 2015 年的预测多了三倍。

In my old industry, finance, climate is now mainstream, too.

在我之前所处的金融行业 气候问题也变主流了。

And there is a simple reason for that.

原因很简单。

Investors try to predict the future.

投资者会试着预测未来。

Because if you can do that, you can make money.

如果你预测成功， 便能赚到很多钱。

And increasingly, they think the future is green.

越来越多的投资者认为 未来会更环保的。

More and more financial firms are committing to make their investments

越来越多的金融公司承诺

consistent with a 1.5-degree world.

他们的投资将帮助维持 1.5 度的世界。

And investors are asking for much higher returns from coal power

投资者对燃煤发电的回报要求

than they are from renewables because they’re worried

远高于对可再生能源的要求，

因为他们担心煤电厂 之后会变得不值钱。

that coal power stations are going to become worthless.

In February 2020,

在 2020 年的二月份，

when I helped launch our COP26 finance campaign here in the Square Mile

我在伦敦金融区协助启动 COP26 融资活动

to get finance moving to climate action,

希望将更多资金转移到气候行动上，

the place was packed to the rafters.

现场人山人海。

You know, when I worked in banking, certainly at the start,

如果这活动开展于我刚入行的时候，

the room would have been near empty.

现场肯定门可罗雀。

And what all of this adds up to,

将我所提到的加起来

this mainstreaming of climate,

气候问题的主流化

is a quiet revolution in the global economy.

是在全球经济的一个安静变革。

A green industrial revolution is underway, taking us to a clean future,

一场绿色工业革命正在进行中， 并会带我们走向清洁的未来，

showing that we can create jobs and prosperity without harming the planet.

并证明人们可以在不伤害地球的前提下 创造工作和繁荣。

Our challenge is that it’s not going fast enough.

我们面临的挑战就是 这个变革发展得不够快。

Limiting temperature rises to 1.5 degrees requires us to move much faster.

为了将温度限制在 1.5 度以内 需要我们加快进度。

And we can only succeed if we act now

想要成功的话， 我们必须现在开始行动

and we work together to speed up the shift to our green future.

齐心协力加快 向绿色未來的发展。

And that’s what COP26 really stands for.

这才是 COP26 的真正意义。

Now, in the run up to the conference and at the conference itself,

在会议准备期间和开始后，

we need governments to take the lead and get the green transition moving faster

我们需要政府们带头加快环保转型

to keep 1.5 degrees alive.

来保持 1.5 度的承诺。

We need them to set targets to reduce emissions,

我们需要政府制定减排目标，

to make this the COP that consigns coal power to history where it belongs.

在本届 COP上， 让煤炭发电成为历史，

The COP that signals the end of polluting vehicles,

标志排污车辆终结，

the COP that calls time on deforestation.

以及叫停森林砍伐。

We need developed countries to deliver the finance

我们需要发达国家提供

they have promised developing countries.

他们之前向发展中国家承诺的资金。

And we need to help protect people and nature

而我们也需要帮助保护人类和大自然

from the impact of our changing climate.

免受气候变化的影响。

And we need to work together as one planet

全球人类需要齐心协力

to agree how we’re going to meet the scale of the climate challenge

就如何应对气候挑战达成一致，

and to get every sector going green.

并确保每一个行业变得更环保。

Now, this isn’t going to be easy.

这并不是一件简单的事。

First, because our understanding of the climate is developing all the time.

第一，我们对气候的认知 每时每刻都在发展。

And as the science tells us, we need to move faster.

并且，科学告诉了我们， 我们需要加快脚步。

We're going to have to respond.

我们需要做出回应。

Second, getting people to agree can be challenging.

第二，让人们达成共识是挺难的。

And at COP26, we have almost 200 countries.

在 COP26， 有将近 200 多国家参会。

And all of the UK is leading this process.

虽然英国现正引领这一进程，

It’s up to all of us to find solutions together.

这最终取决于 所有人一起寻找解决方案。

It’s like hosting a disco, a bop.

它就像举办迪斯科舞会。

And look, I apologize that these terms show my age,

看，我很抱歉， 这些老土的词汇暴露了我的年龄，

but you can get a hall and you can hire a DJ,

你可以预约一个舞厅， 请到一名DJ，

but to make it work, your friends have to turn up and dance.

但只有你的朋友们到场并跳舞， 这才是场成功的舞会。

And so it will be tough, but we simply cannot afford to fail.

这是场艰难的战斗， 但我们已无法承担失败了。

The stakes are just too high.

风险太高了。

And when ex-bankers like me lie awake thinking about climate change,

当像我这样的前银行家 夜不能寐思考气候变化，

when activists and businesses around the world

当全球的环保活动家和企业

have moved climate to the mainstream, we can all be hopeful.

将气候问题视为主流， 我们都可以满怀希望。

A green revolution is on the march.

一个环保的革命正在起步。

The clean future is within our grasp,

清洁的未来近在咫尺，

but we need to actively pull it forward.

但我们需要积极推动它向前。

And we need world leaders to take this chance

我们需要各国领导抓住本次机会

to turn hope into certainty,

把希望改变成现实

to mold the future,

塑造未来，

to come together at COP26,

在 COP26 上团结一致，

and to continue my disco analogy, dance.

延续我的舞会比喻，一起“跳舞”。

Thank you.

谢谢。