What we're getting wrong in the fight to end hunger | Jasmine Crowe

Prevodilac: Aleksandar Bošnjak Lektor: Ivana Korom

In June of 2017,

U junu 2017. godine

I volunteered with a group at a local food pantry

volontirala sam u magacinima sa hranom

on the south side of my home city

u južnom delu mog grada

in Atlanta, Georgia.

u Atlanti, Gordžiji.

It was a Friday afternoon,

Bio je petak popodne,

the day of their weekly food giveaway.

dan kada oni daju hranu.

And as I drove up,

Kako sam uparkiravala,

I saw people beginning to arrive,

videla sam kako ljudi počinju da pristižu,

many with their rolling carts in tow,

mnogi su imali kolica na točkiće,

prepared to receive their food supply for the week.

pripremljeni da prime zalihu hrane za celu nedelju.

As I was walking in the door, there were about 40 people outside

Kako sam ulazila na vrata, bilo je oko 40 ljudi

koji su napolju čekali u redu.

waiting in line.

And I was so excited,

Bila sam tako uzbuđena,

because there are very few things I enjoy more than giving back.

jer ima malo stvari u kojima uživam više nego u darovanju.

But then, as I entered the room where the volunteer meeting was taking place,

Ali onda, kad sam ušala u prostoriju gde je započinjao sastanak volontera,

I immediately realized:

odmah sam shvatila:

we weren't about to give these people any real meals.

mi nećemo dati ovim ljudima nijedan pravi obrok.

We were essentially just giving them food.

Mi smo im prosto samo davali hranu.

I took my place on the assembly line, where -- get this --

Zauzela sam mesto na pokretnoj traci, gde sam, pazite sad,

I was in charge of making sure that the Weight Watchers Ding Dongs

bila zadužena da tortice Stražara Težine

made it into every family's bag.

budu u torbi svake porodice.

As the bags started to come around,

Kako su torbe nadolazile,

I'm thinking to myself:

mislim se u sebi:

What on earth are we doing here?

„Šta za ime sveta radimo ovde?”

Each bag contained two 20-ounce diet Snapples,

Svaka torba je sadržala dva dijetalna soka od po 500 ml,

a gallon of barbecue sauce,

galon roštilj sosa,

a bag of kettle potato chips,

kesicu čipsa,

a box of superhero-shaped vegetable-enriched macaroni noodles,

kutiju sa nudlama koja je u obliku superheroja i sa ukusom povrća,

a box of belVita breakfast bars,

kutiju keksića za doručak,

a can of refried beans,

konzervu prečišćenog pasulja,

a can of sweet peas,

konzervu slatkog graška,

a miniature can of corn,

malu konzervu kukuruza,

I can't forget about those Ding Dongs

ne mogu da zaboravim na one torte

and french fried green onions,

i prženi mladi luk,

you know, the kind that go on top of a green bean casserole.

znate, ona vrsta koja ide na vrh boranije.

And that was it.

I to je bilo to.

We made over a hundred of those bags that day,

Spremili smo tog dana više od 100 takvih kesa,

and people indeed stood in line to receive one.

a ljudi su zaista stajali u redu da dobiju jednu.

But a feeling came over me;

Međutim, obuzeo me je osećaj;

I felt bad and a little angry.

osećala sam se loše i pomalo ljuto.

It was like, how could I even feel good about the work that I was doing

Kako da se osećam dobro povodom posla koji radim

when I knew for a fact that not one meal was to come

kad znam zasigurno da jedan obrok ne može da se sastavi

from the food we had just given to over 100 families?

od hrane koju smo upravo dali više od stotini porodica?

I mean, who wants to have a meal with barbecue sauce and Ding Dongs?

Mislim, ko hoće da ima obrok sa roštilj sosom i tortom?

(Laughter)

(Smeh)

And the reality is,

A stvarnost je,

I've been part of this process all my life.

ja sam deo ovog procesa ceo svoj život.

I've participated in food drives,

Učestvovala sam u skupljanjima hrane,

I've collected cans since I was a kid,

skupljala sam konzerve od kad sam bila dete,

I've donated in the grocery store more times than I can count,

donirala sam u marketima više puta nego što mogu da nabrojim,

I've volunteered at shelters, I've worked in food pantries,

volontirala sam u skloništima, radila sam u magacinima sa hranom,

and I'm sure, like me, so many of you have, too.

i sigurna sam, kao što sam i ja, tako je i mnogo vas.

In 2013, I even created a pop-up restaurant,

U 2013. godini čak sam i osnovala prenosiv restoran,

called Sunday Soul.

koji se zove Nedeljna duša.

And I rented tables and chairs and linens

Iznajmila sam stolove, stolice i čaršave,

and I printed out menus

odštampala sam menije,

and I took these experiences to alleyways,

i ovaj doživljaj sam prenela u uske ulice,

underneath bridges and in parks

ispod mostova i u parkove

to allow people that were experiencing homelessness

da omogućim ljudima koji su beskućnici

to dine with dignity.

da jedu sa dostojanstvom.

So I've invested in this fight for quite some time.

Uložila sam u ovu borbu dosta vremena.

In almost every major US city,

U skoro svakom glavnom američkom gradu,

the food bank is viewed as a beloved community institution.

na banku hrane gledaju kao na voljenu instituciju zajednice.

Corporations send volunteers down on a weekly basis

Korporacije šalju volontere sedmično

to sort through food items and make boxes of food for the needy.

da odvoje artikle sa hranom i spreme kutije sa hranom siromašnima.

And can drives --

I prikupljanje konzervi -

they warm the hearts of schools and office buildings that participate

greju srca škola i poslovnih zgrada koje su uključene

and fill the shelves of food banks and food pantries across the nation.

i pune police bankama sa hranom i magacine duž nacije.

This is how we work to end hunger.

Ovo radimo kako bismo zaustavili glad.

And what I've come to realize

A ono što sam shvatila je

is that we are doing hunger wrong.

da se mi pogrešno borimo protiv gladi.

We are doing the same things

Radimo iste stvari

over and over and over again

opet, opet i opet,

and expecting a different end result.

a očekujemo drugačiji rezultat.

We've created a cycle

Stvorili smo ciklus

that keeps people dependent on food banks and pantries on a monthly basis

koji čini ljude zavisnim od banki i magacina sa hranom na mesečnom nivou,

for food that is often not well-balanced

a ta hrana često nije lepo izbalansirana

and certainly doesn't provide them with a healthy meal.

i koja im sigurno ne obezbeđuje zdravi obrok.

In the US, our approach to doing good,

U Americi, naš pristup dobrog rada,

or what we call "charity,"

ili šta mi zovemo „milostinja”,

has actually hindered us from making real progress.

nas je zapravo omeo u stvarnom napredovanju.

We're educating the world on how many people are food insecure.

Obrazujemo svet o tome kako puno ljudi nema pristup hrani.

There are television commercials,

Postoje televizijske reklame,

billboards,

bilbordi,

massive donations,

masovne donacije,

the engagement of some of our biggest celebrities in the fight.

angažmani najvećih poznatih ličnosti u ovoj borbi.

But the ever-present reality is that,

Ali uvek prisutna stvarnost je ta,

even with all of this work,

čak i sa svim ovim radom,

millions of people are still going hungry.

milioni ljudi su i dalje gladni.

And we can do better.

A možemo da uradimo i više.

Globally, 821 million people are hungry.

Globalno, 821 milion ljudi je gladno.

That's one in nine people on this planet.

To je jedna osoba od devet na planeti.

And here in the United States,

Ovde u Americi,

nearly 40 million people experience hunger every single year,

skoro 40 miliona ljudi doživi glad svake godine,

including more than 11 million children

uključujući više od 11 miliona dece

that go to bed hungry every night.

koja idu gladna u krevet svake noći.

Yet, we're wasting more food than ever before --

A ipak, traćimo više hrane nego ikad ranije.

more than 80 billion pounds a year,

Više od 40 milijardi kila godišnje,

to be exact.

da budem precizna.

The EPA estimates that food waste has more than doubled

Agencija za ZŽS je procenila da se bačena hrana više nego udvostručila

between 1970 and 2017,

između 1970. i 2017. godine,

and now accounts for 27 percent of everything in our landfills.

i sada broji 27 procenata svega u našim deponijama.

And as this food sits, it gradually rots

Kako ova hrana stoji, vremenom truli

and produces harmful methane gas,

i proizvodi štetan metan gas,

a leading contributor to global climate change.

glavni saradnik globalnim klimatskim promenama.

We have the waste of the food itself,

Imamo otpad od same hrane,

the waste of all the money associated with producing this now-wasted food

protraćen novac kojim se proizvela ova sad pokvarena hrana

and the waste of labor with all of the above.

i protraćen rad na svim gore spomenutim.

And then there's the social inequity

Postoji i socijalna nepravda

between people who really need food and can't get it

između ljudi kojima zaista treba hrana i koji ne mogu da je nabave

and people who have too much and simply throw it away.

i onih ljudi koji imaju puno i prosto je bacaju u đubre.

All of this made me realize that hunger was not an issue of scarcity

Sve ovo me je nateralo da shvatim da gladovanje nije pitanje oskudice,

but rather a matter of logistics.

nego stvar logistike.

So in 2017, I set out to end hunger using technology.

U 2017. godini, krenula sam da zaustavim glad koristeći tehnologiju.

After all, food delivery apps had begun to explode on the scene,

Uostalom, aplikacije za dostavu hrane su krenule da niču na sceni,

and I thought surely we can reverse-engineer this technology

pomislila sam da možemo da promenimo ovu tehnologiju

and get food from businesses like restaurants and grocery stores

i da dobijamo hranu od firmi, restorana i radnji

and into the hands of people in need.

i da je stavljamo u ruke ljudima kojima je potrebna.

I believe that technology and innovation

Verujem da tehnologija i inovacije

have the power to solve real problems,

imaju moć da reše prave probleme,

especially hunger.

naročito glad.

So in 2017, I created an app

Godine 2017. osmislila sam aplikaciju

that would inventory everything that a business sells

koja će voditi evidenciju o svemu što jedna firma prodaje

and make it super easy for them to donate this excess food

i koja im olakšava doniranje viškova hrane,

that would typically go to waste at the end of the night.

koja bi se inače bacila na kraju dana.

All the user has to do now is click on an item,

Korisnik samo treba da klikne na artikal,

tell us how many they have to donate,

i da nam kaže koliko ima da donira,

and our platform calculates the weight and the tax value

a platforma izračunava težinu i poresku vrednost

of those items at time of donation.

tih artikala u trenutku donacije.

We then connect with local drivers in the shared economy

Onda se povezujemo s lokalnim vozačima u deljenoj ekonomiji

to get this food picked up and delivered directly to the doors

da idu i pokupe, a onda i direktno dostave do vrata

of nonprofit organizations and people in need.

neprofitnih organizacija i ljudima kojima je potrebna.

I provided the data and the analytics

Obezbedila sam podatke i analitiku

to help businesses reduce food waste at the source

da pomognem preduzećima da smanje bacanje hrane u korenu

by letting them know the items that they waste repeatedly

tako što ću im staviti do znanja koje artikle bacaju iznova

on a regular basis,

redovno,

and they even saved millions of dollars.

čak su i sačuvali milione dolara.

Our mission was simple:

Naša misija je bila jednostavna,

feed more, waste less.

više nahranite, manje bacite.

And by 2018, our clients included the world's busiest airport,

Godine 2018, naši klijenti su uključili najposećeniji aerodrom na svetu,

Atlanta's Hartsfield-Jackson,

Hartsfild-Džekson u Atlanti,

and we were working with brands and corporations

radili smo sa brendovima i korporacijama

like Hormel, Chick-fil-A and Papa John's.

kao što su Hormel, Čik-fil-a i Papa Džouns.

We even had the opportunity to work with the NFL for Super Bowl LIII.

Čak smo imali i priliku da radimo sa NFL-om za 53. Superboul.

And over the last two years, we've worked with over 200 business

Protekle dve godine sarađivali smo sa više od 200 preduzeća

to divert more than two million pounds of edible food from landfills

kako bismo preusmerili više od milion kila jestive hrane sa deponija

into the hands of people that needed it most.

u ruke ljudi kojima je najviše potrebna.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

This has accounted for about 1.7 million meals

Ovo je obuhvatilo oko 1,7 miliona obroka

and allowed us to start to expand our efforts to other cities,

i omogućilo nam da počnemo da širimo naš trud i u drugim gradovima,

like Washington, DC, Chicago, Miami, Philadelphia and more.

kao što su Vašington DC, Čikago, Majami, Filadelfija i drugi.

That's just one approach that actually tackles the problem.

To je samo jedan pristup koji se zapravo bavi problemom.

Another was the launch of our pop-up grocery stores.

Drugi je bio pokretanje naših mobilnih prodavnica.

We recover excess food from businesses

Uzimamo viškove hrane od preduzeća

and set up free community grocery stores right in the middle of food deserts.

i postavljamo otvorene prodavnice tačno u delove gde nema prodavnica sa hranom.

We bring out a chef,

Dovodimo kuvara,

and we do on-site taste-testings and allow families to leave with recipe cards.

i na licu mesta isprobavamo ukuse, pa porodice mogu da uzmu recepte.

We give every family reusable grocery bags and allow them to simply shop

Dajemo porodicama torbe za višekratnu upotrebu

i omogućujemo im da prosto kupuju bez da gledanja cena.

minus the price tag.

We wanted to give people access to meals

Želeli smo da damo ljudima pristup obrocima,

and not just food.

ne samo hrani.

Želeli smo promeniti način na koji mislimo i radimo kako bismo se rešili gladi,

We wanted to change the way that we think and work to solve hunger in this country,

get people to believe that we can solve hunger,

navemo ljude da misle da se možemo rešiti gladi,

not as a nonprofit,

ne kao neprofitna organizacija,

not as a food bank

ne kao banka hrane,

but as a social enterprise,

već kao društveno preduzeće,

with the goal of reducing waste and ending hunger.

sa ciljem da smanjimo bacanje hrane i zaustavimo glad.

But it hasn't been as easy as I thought

Ali nije bilo tako lako kao što sam mislila,

to change the narrative and the thought process

da promenim priču i misaoni proces

on how we think that hunger can be solved.

o tome kako mislimo da se glad može rešiti.

In 2016, France became the first country

Godine 2016. Francuska je postala prva zemlja

to ban supermarkets from throwing away unused food.

koja je zabranila supermarketima da bacaju nekorišćenu hranu.

Instead, they must donate it,

Umesto toga, moraju da je doniraju,

and they're fined if they don't.

i novčano su kažnjeni ako to ne urade.

Yes.

Da.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

In 2017, Italy followed suit,

Godine 2017. Italija je pratila taj uzor,

becoming the second European nation

i postala je druga evropska nacija

to pass an anti-food-waste ban.

koja je donela zabranu bacanja hrane.

And they stated it so simply as it was passed through legislation:

Tako su prosto formulisali dok je prolazilo kroz zakonodavstvo.

"We have millions of pounds of good food going to waste,

„Imamo milione kilograma dobre hrane koja će propasti,

and we have poor people that are going hungry."

a imamo siromašne ljude koji gladuju”.

That simple.

Toliko prosto.

Denmark now has a mandated food waste grocery store.

Danska sada ima prodavnicu odbačene hrane.

Its name: Wefood.

Ime joj je "Wefood".

They recover excess food from local grocery stores

Uzimaju viškove hrane iz lokalnih prodavnica

and sell it at up to a 50 percent off discount.

i prodaju je i po 50 posto popusta.

They then use all the proceeds and donate it to emergency aid programs

Onda koriste sav prinos i doniraju ga programima hitne pomoći

and social need issues for the people in need.

i programima socijalne zaštite.

It has been hailed as "the Goodwill of grocery."

Pozdravljani su kao „Dobrota namirnica”.

And last year, the world got its first pay-what-you-can grocery store,

A prošle godine, svet je dobio svoju prvu radnju u kojoj plaćate koliko možete,

when Feed it Forward opened in Toronto.

kada se "Feed It Forward" otvorio u Torontu.

Their shelves remain stocked by recovering excess food

Njihove police ostaju pune tako što uzimaju viškove hrane

from major supermarkets

iz velikih supermarketa

and allowing families to simply pay what they can

i omogućuju porodicama da prosto kupe koliko mogu

at their grocery store.

u njihovoj prodavnici.

This is amazing.

Ovo je izvanredno.

This innovation we need more of.

Treba nam više ovakvih inovacija.

Everyone can take on the roles of changing the attitudes

Svako može da promeni svoj stav

about how we solve hunger.

o tome kako rešavamo glad.

When we think of how we've allowed innovation and technology

Kad pomislimo koliko smo dozvolili inovacijama i tehnologiji

to change our lives,

da promene naše živote,

from how we communicate with each other

od toga kako komuniciramo,

to how we view our entertainment

do toga kako gledamo našu zabavu,

to how we even receive food,

do toga kako stičemo hranu,

it's amazing that we haven't solved hunger yet.

neverovatno je da se i dalje nismo rešili gladi.

We literally have cars that can drive themselves

Bukvalno imamo automobile koji mogu sami da se voze

and millions of people that cannot feed themselves.

i milione ljudi koji ne mogu da se prehrane.

With millions of dollars being donated to end food insecurity,

Sa milionima dolara koji se doniraju kako bi hrana bila dostupnija,

we should've solved hunger years ago.

trebalo je da zaustavimo glad pre mnogo godina.

And I asked myself --

Zapitala sam se,

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

I asked myself, why can't we escape this vicious cycle?

Zapitala sam se: „Zašto ne možemo da pobegnemo od tog okrutnog ciklusa?”

Why haven't we solved this problem?

Zašto nismo rešili ovaj problem?

I remember meeting with investors and pitching the idea,

Sećam se sastanaka sa investitorima i kako predlažem ideju,

trying to raise funds for my business,

pokušavajući da skupim sredstava za moj posao,

and one of them said to me, in true seriousness,

jedan mi je rekao, skroz ozbiljan,

"Hunger is already being solved,"

„glad se već rešava”,

as if millions of people weren't going to go to bed hungry that very night,

kao da milioni ljudi neće otići gladno u krevet te iste noći,

and as if there was nothing else to do.

kao da ništa više ne može da se uradi.

And the reality is,

A stvarnost je,

one would think that hunger is being solved,

neko bi pomislio da se rešavamo gladi,

but the truth is, it's being worked on.

ali istina je da se na njoj radi.

If we really want to solve hunger,

Ako stvarno želimo da rešimo glad,

then we have to change the way we've been doing it.

onda moramo da promenimo način na koji smo to radili.

The same actions will always garner the same results.

Isti postupci će donosti iste rezultate.

There are hundreds of social entrepreneurs all over the world.

Postoje stotine društvenih preduzetnika svuda u svetu.

They have a focus to solve really big problems, like hunger,

Oni se fokusiraju na rešavanje velikih problema, kao što je glad,

but they'll never get the same support

ali nikad neće dobiti istu podršku

that we give national hunger-fighting organizations and food banks.

koju dajemo organizacijama i bankama hrane koje se bore protiv gladi.

But, if given the opportunity,

Međutim, ako se ukaže prilika,

they have the ability to foster insight

imaju sposobnost da uvide

and perhaps be forward-thinking enough

i možda ako dobro razmisle unapred

to solve this problem.

mogu da reše ovaj problem.

That's why I'm traveling the world

Zato ja putujem svetom,

and I'm really talking about what hunger looks like in America

i zaista pričam o tome kako izgleda glad u Americi,

and explaining the difference between giving people access to food

i objašnjavam razliku između davanja ljudima pristup hrani

and access to meals.

i pristup obrocima.

I've been meeting with city council members

Sastajala sam se sa gradskim članovima saveta

and city organizers across the US

i gradskim organizatorima duž cele Amerike,

and telling them that technology indeed does have the power

govoreći im da tehnologija zaista ima moć

to connect businesses with surplus food

da poveže kompanije sa viškom hrane

to people in need,

sa ljudima kojima je potrebna,

and explaining to them what a meal can actually mean to a family.

i objašnjavajući im šta obrok zapravo može da znači jednoj porodici.

I've been meeting with school boards and school districts

Sastajala sam se sa školskim odborima i školskim okruzima

to talk about how we feed hungry children,

da pričamo o tome kako hranimo gladnu decu,

and health care organizations,

i sa organizacijama zdravstvene zaštite,

sharing the message that food is health,

deleći poruku da je hrana zdravlje,

and food is life,

i da je hrana život,

and that, by solving hunger, we can solve so many more problems.

i da rešavanjem gladi, možemo rešiti tako puno drugih problema.

So if we want to know

Ako želimo da znamo

that we don't live in a nation

da ne živimo u naciji

where perfectly good food goes to waste

gde se sasvim dobra hrana baca

when our neighbors don't have food to eat,

kad naše komšije nemaju da jedu,

then we need to change the laws.

onda treba da promenimo zakone.

We need to introduce new policies,

Treba da predstavimo nove politike,

and, most importantly, we need to change our minds and our actions.

i, najvažnije, treba da promenimo naša ramišljanja i naša dela.

Food drives are fine.

Humanitarna pomoć je u redu.

Food banks serve a huge purpose.

Banke hrane imaju veliku ulogu.

And yes, sometimes I like Ding Dongs, too.

I da, nekad se i meni sviđaju tortice.

But the reality is that food drives do not solve hunger.

Ali stvarnot je takva da humanitarna pomoć ne rešava glad.

And if we are smart about connecting the dots

A ako smo pametni da spoijmo tačkice

that are right in front of our noses,

koje su ispred naših noseva,

we can do far more than give a family

možemo uraditi mnogo više nego da damo porodici

a box of superhero-shaped vegetable-enriched macaroni noodles

kutiju nudli sa povrćem u obliku superheroja

and a gallon of barbecue sauce

i bure roštilj sosa

to feed themselves.

da se prehrane.

Instead, we can give them back their dignity.

Umesto toga, možemo im vratiti dostojanstvo.

Perhaps we can increase school attendance in schools.

Možda možemo da povećamo prisutnost u školama.

We can improve the health outcomes for millions.

Možemo da poboljšamo zdravstvene ishode milionima ljudi.

And, most importantly, we can reduce food waste in our landfills,

I, najvažnije, možemo da smanjimo bacanje hrane na otpadima,

creating a better environment for all of us.

stvarajući bolje okruženje za sve nas.

The thing I love most is that we can feel good about it in the process.

Ono što volim najviše je to što se možemo osetiti dobro povodom toga.

If we solve hunger,

Ako se rešimo gladi,

we have nothing to lose and everything to gain.

nemamo ništa da izgubimo, a možemo sve da dobijemo.

So let's do it.

Tako da, hajde da to i uradimo.

Thank you.

Hvala vam.

(Applause)

(Aplauz)

Thank you.

Hvala vam.