What we're getting wrong in the fight to end hunger | Jasmine Crowe

Translator: Laksmi Wijayanti Reviewer: Elda Indria Sari

In June of 2017,

Bulan Juni tahun 2017,

I volunteered with a group at a local food pantry

Saya bergabung dengan grup relawan di pantri makanan setempat

on the south side of my home city

di bagian selatan kota saya

in Atlanta, Georgia.

di Atlanta, Georgia.

It was a Friday afternoon,

Grup relawan saya membagikan

the day of their weekly food giveaway.

makanan mingguan gratis di hari Jumat petang.

And as I drove up,

Ketika saya tiba,

I saw people beginning to arrive,

saya melihat orang-orang berdatangan,

many with their rolling carts in tow,

banyak yang membawa kereta dorong,

prepared to receive their food supply for the week.

siap menerima pasokan makanan mereka selama seminggu.

As I was walking in the door, there were about 40 people outside

Saat saya masuk, ada sekitar 40 orang di luar

sedang mengantre.

waiting in line.

And I was so excited,

Saya sangat bersemangat,

because there are very few things I enjoy more than giving back.

karena hanya sedikit hal yang lebih saya sukai daripada berbagi.

But then, as I entered the room where the volunteer meeting was taking place,

Tapi saat saya memasuki ruangan tempat relawan sedang rapat,

I immediately realized:

Saya tiba-tiba sadar:

we weren't about to give these people any real meals.

kami tidak memberikan makanan layak,

We were essentially just giving them food.

tapi sekadar apa yang bisa dimakan.

I took my place on the assembly line, where -- get this --

Saya menempati posisi saya di baris penyusunan, saat --

I was in charge of making sure that the Weight Watchers Ding Dongs

saya bertugas memastikan Weight Watchers Ding Dongs

made it into every family's bag.

masuk ke kantong makanan setiap keluarga.

As the bags started to come around,

Saat kantong makanan mulai berdatangan,

I'm thinking to myself:

Saya berpikir:

What on earth are we doing here?

Apa yang sebenarnya kami lakukan?

Each bag contained two 20-ounce diet Snapples,

Setiap kantong berisi dua Snapples sebanyak 20 ons,

a gallon of barbecue sauce,

satu galon saus barbekyu,

a bag of kettle potato chips,

satu kantong keripik kentang,

a box of superhero-shaped vegetable-enriched macaroni noodles,

satu kotak makaroni berbentuk superhero yang diperkaya sayuran,

a box of belVita breakfast bars,

satu kotak biskuit sarapan belVita,

a can of refried beans,

satu kaleng pure kacang,

a can of sweet peas,

satu kaleng kacang polong manis,

a miniature can of corn,

satu kaleng kecil jagung,

I can't forget about those Ding Dongs

tak lupa Ding Dongs,

and french fried green onions,

dan bawang hijau goreng tepung,

you know, the kind that go on top of a green bean casserole.

tahu kan, yang biasanya ditaruh di atas kaserol kacang hijau.

And that was it.

Itu saja.

We made over a hundred of those bags that day,

Lebih dari seratus kantong makanan dibagikan hari itu,

and people indeed stood in line to receive one.

dan orang-orang mengantre untuk menerima satu kantong.

But a feeling came over me;

Namun ada perasaan yang mengusik;

I felt bad and a little angry.

Saya merasa buruk dan sedikit marah.

It was like, how could I even feel good about the work that I was doing

Bagaimana mungkin saya merasa bangga akan kerja saya

when I knew for a fact that not one meal was to come

ketika tidak satu pun kantong makanan yang kami bagikan

from the food we had just given to over 100 families?

ke lebih dari 100 keluarga adalah makanan layak?

I mean, who wants to have a meal with barbecue sauce and Ding Dongs?

Siapa yang mau menyantap saus barbekyu dan Ding Dongs di waktu makan?

(Laughter)

(Tawa)

And the reality is,

Kenyataannya,

I've been part of this process all my life.

proses ini telah menjadi bagian hidup saya.

I've participated in food drives,

Saya ikut membagikan makanan,

I've collected cans since I was a kid,

saya mengumpulkan kaleng sejak kecil,

I've donated in the grocery store more times than I can count,

saya banyak menyumbang di toko kelontong,

I've volunteered at shelters, I've worked in food pantries,

saya menjadi relawan di penampungan dan di pantri makanan,

and I'm sure, like me, so many of you have, too.

dan saya yakin banyak dari Anda sekalian pun sama.

In 2013, I even created a pop-up restaurant,

Tahun 2013, saya bahkan membuka sebuah restoran pop-up,

called Sunday Soul.

Sunday Soul.

And I rented tables and chairs and linens

Saya menyewa meja, kursi, dan linen

and I printed out menus

saya mencetak menu

and I took these experiences to alleyways,

dan saya membagikannya di gang kecil,

underneath bridges and in parks

di bawah jembatan dan taman

to allow people that were experiencing homelessness

untuk memungkinkan para tunawisma

to dine with dignity.

makan dengan layak.

So I've invested in this fight for quite some time.

Saya sudah cukup lama berinvestasi di usaha ini.

In almost every major US city,

Di hampir setiap kota besar AS,

the food bank is viewed as a beloved community institution.

orang memandang bank makanan sebagai lembaga komunitas tercinta.

Corporations send volunteers down on a weekly basis

Perusahaan mengirim relawan setiap minggu

to sort through food items and make boxes of food for the needy.

untuk memilah-milah makanan dan mengemasnya bagi yang membutuhkan.

And can drives --

Juga pembagian kaleng --

they warm the hearts of schools and office buildings that participate

mereka menghangatkan hati sekolah dan gedung perkantoran yang berpartisipasi

and fill the shelves of food banks and food pantries across the nation.

dan mengisi rak-rak bank makanan dan pantri makanan di seluruh AS.

This is how we work to end hunger.

Inilah cara kita mengakhiri kelaparan.

And what I've come to realize

Apa yang saya sadari adalah

is that we are doing hunger wrong.

strategi kita keliru.

We are doing the same things

Kita mengulangi hal yang sama,

over and over and over again

lagi dan lagi dan lagi

and expecting a different end result.

dan mengharapkan hasil akhir yang berbeda.

We've created a cycle

Kita menciptakan siklus

that keeps people dependent on food banks and pantries on a monthly basis

ketergantungan akan bank makanan dan pantri setiap bulan,

for food that is often not well-balanced

akan makanan yang tidak bergizi seimbang

and certainly doesn't provide them with a healthy meal.

dan tentu saja tidak sehat.

In the US, our approach to doing good,

Di AS, pendekatan kita untuk berbuat baik,

or what we call "charity,"

atau apa yang kita sebut "amal,"

has actually hindered us from making real progress.

sebenarnya menjadi hambatan akan perubahan yang nyata.

We're educating the world on how many people are food insecure.

Kita mendidik dunia akan jumlah orang yang rawan kelaparan,

There are television commercials,

Ada iklan televisi,

billboards,

papan iklan,

massive donations,

sumbangan besar-besaran,

the engagement of some of our biggest celebrities in the fight.

melibatkan selebriti terkenal.

But the ever-present reality is that,

Tapi kenyataannya,

even with all of this work,

bahkan dengan semua usaha ini,

millions of people are still going hungry.

jutaan orang masih kelaparan.

And we can do better.

Kita bisa berusaha lebih.

Globally, 821 million people are hungry.

Di seluruh dunia, ada 821 juta orang kelaparan.

That's one in nine people on this planet.

Itu satu dari sembilan orang di planet ini.

And here in the United States,

Di Amerika Serikat,

nearly 40 million people experience hunger every single year,

hampir 40 juta orang mengalami kelaparan setiap tahun,

including more than 11 million children

termasuk lebih dari 11 juta anak-anak

that go to bed hungry every night.

tidur setiap malam dalam keadaan lapar.

Yet, we're wasting more food than ever before --

Namun sekarang kita membuang lebih banyak makanan --

more than 80 billion pounds a year,

tepatnya lebih dari 80 miliar pon

to be exact.

tiap tahun.

The EPA estimates that food waste has more than doubled

Menurut EPA, sampah makanan meningkat lebih dari dua kali lipat

between 1970 and 2017,

antara tahun 1970 dan 2017,

and now accounts for 27 percent of everything in our landfills.

dan sekarang telah mencakup 27 persen dari keseluruhan TPA.

And as this food sits, it gradually rots

Semua makanan ini perlahan membusuk,

and produces harmful methane gas,

dan menghasilkan gas metana berbahaya,

a leading contributor to global climate change.

penyebab perubahan iklim terbesar.

We have the waste of the food itself,

Ada makanan yang terbuang sia-sia,

the waste of all the money associated with producing this now-wasted food

uang yang terpakai sia-sia untuk memproduksi limbah makanan

and the waste of labor with all of the above.

dan tenaga kerja yang tersia-siakan dalam produksi itu.

And then there's the social inequity

Kemudian ada kesenjangan sosial

between people who really need food and can't get it

antara orang yang benar-benar butuh dan tidak bisa mendapatkan makanan

and people who have too much and simply throw it away.

dan orang yang kelebihan makanan dan menyia-nyiakannya.

All of this made me realize that hunger was not an issue of scarcity

Semua ini membuat saya menyadari bahwa kelaparan bukanlah isu kelangkaan

but rather a matter of logistics.

tapi isu logistik.

So in 2017, I set out to end hunger using technology.

Jadi tahun 2017, saya menggunakan teknologi untuk mengakhiri kelaparan.

After all, food delivery apps had begun to explode on the scene,

Lagi pula, aplikasi pengiriman makanan sedang naik daun,

and I thought surely we can reverse-engineer this technology

dan tentunya kita dapat memanfaatkan teknologi ini

and get food from businesses like restaurants and grocery stores

dan mengirimkan makanan dari bisnis seperti restoran dan supermarket

and into the hands of people in need.

ke tangan orang-orang yang membutuhkan.

I believe that technology and innovation

Saya percaya bahwa teknologi dan inovasi

have the power to solve real problems,

dapat mengatasi akar isu ini,

especially hunger.

terutama kelaparan.

So in 2017, I created an app

Jadi di tahun 2017, saya membuat aplikasi

that would inventory everything that a business sells

yang akan mencatat semua yang dijual

and make it super easy for them to donate this excess food

dan memudahkan donasi surplus makanan dari bisnis tersebut

that would typically go to waste at the end of the night.

yang biasanya akan dibuang di penghujung hari.

All the user has to do now is click on an item,

Mereka hanya perlu memilih satu barang,

tell us how many they have to donate,

dan menulis berapa yang akan didonasi,

and our platform calculates the weight and the tax value

dan platform kami akan menghitung berat dan jumlah pajak

of those items at time of donation.

dari donasi mereka.

We then connect with local drivers in the shared economy

Kami menghubungi pengemudi lokal di bisnis terkait

to get this food picked up and delivered directly to the doors

untuk mengambil dan mengirimkan makanan ini

of nonprofit organizations and people in need.

untuk organisasi nirlaba dan mereka yang membutuhkan.

I provided the data and the analytics

Saya memberikan data dan analisis

to help businesses reduce food waste at the source

untuk membantu bisnis mengurangi pembuangan makanan

by letting them know the items that they waste repeatedly

dengan memberitahu jenis barang yang sering mereka sia-siakan

on a regular basis,

secara rutin,

and they even saved millions of dollars.

dan membantu mereka menghemat jutaan dolar.

Our mission was simple:

Misi kami sederhana:

feed more, waste less.

berikan makan lebih, kurangi pembuangan.

And by 2018, our clients included the world's busiest airport,

Di tahun 2018, klien kami termasuk bandara tersibuk,

Atlanta's Hartsfield-Jackson,

Hartsfield-Jackson di Atlanta,

and we were working with brands and corporations

kami juga bekerja dengan merek dan perusahaan besar

like Hormel, Chick-fil-A and Papa John's.

seperti Hormel, Chick-fil-A dan Papa John's.

We even had the opportunity to work with the NFL for Super Bowl LIII.

Kami bahkan mendapat kesempatan untuk bekerja dengan NFL di Super Bowl LIII.

And over the last two years, we've worked with over 200 business

Selama dua tahun terakhir, kami bekerja dengan lebih dari 200 bisnis

to divert more than two million pounds of edible food from landfills

untuk mengalihkan lebih dari dua juta pon makanan dari TPA

into the hands of people that needed it most.

ke tangan orang-orang yang membutuhkan.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

Thank you.

Terima kasih.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

This has accounted for about 1.7 million meals

Usaha ini menghasilkan sekitar 1,7 juta makanan

and allowed us to start to expand our efforts to other cities,

dan kami dapat memperluas jaringan kami ke kota lain,

like Washington, DC, Chicago, Miami, Philadelphia and more.

seperti Washington DC, Chicago, Miami, Philadephia, dan lain-lain.

That's just one approach that actually tackles the problem.

Ini hanyalah salah satu pendekatan yang mengatasi akar masalah.

Another was the launch of our pop-up grocery stores.

Pendekatan lain adalah mendirikan supermarket pop-up.

We recover excess food from businesses

Kami mengumpulkan surplus makanan dari tempat usaha

and set up free community grocery stores right in the middle of food deserts.

dan mendirikan supermarket komunitas gratis tepat di tengah gurun makanan.

We bring out a chef,

Kami membawa koki,

and we do on-site taste-testings and allow families to leave with recipe cards.

menguji rasa di tempat dan memberikan kartu resep ke tiap keluarga.

We give every family reusable grocery bags and allow them to simply shop

Kami memberikan tas belanja daur ulang agar mereka dapat berbelanja

minus the price tag.

dengan gratis.

We wanted to give people access to meals

Kami ingin memberikan akses ke hidangan lengkap,

and not just food.

bukan sekadar makanan.

We wanted to change the way that we think and work to solve hunger in this country,

Kami ingin mengubah pemikiran dan mengupayakan solusi atas kelaparan di AS,

get people to believe that we can solve hunger,

dan meyakinkan bahwa kelaparan dapat diatasi,

not as a nonprofit,

bukan sebagai nirlaba,

not as a food bank

bukan sebagai bank makanan,

but as a social enterprise,

tapi sebagai usaha sosial

with the goal of reducing waste and ending hunger.

dengan tujuan mengurangi limbah dan mengatasi kelaparan.

But it hasn't been as easy as I thought

Tapi mengubah narasi dan pola pikir

to change the narrative and the thought process

tentang cara kita mengatasi kelaparan

on how we think that hunger can be solved.

tidaklah semudah yang saya kira.

In 2016, France became the first country

Tahun 2016, Perancis menjadi negara pertama

to ban supermarkets from throwing away unused food.

yang melarang supermarket membuang makanan.

Instead, they must donate it,

Mereka harus mendonasikannya,

and they're fined if they don't.

atau mereka akan didenda.

Yes.

Ya.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

In 2017, Italy followed suit,

Tahun 2017, Italia memberlakukan peraturan serupa,

becoming the second European nation

menjadikannya negara Eropa kedua

to pass an anti-food-waste ban.

yang melarang limbah makanan.

And they stated it so simply as it was passed through legislation:

Penjelasan mereka sederhana saat peraturan tersebut dijadikan UU:

"We have millions of pounds of good food going to waste,

"Kita memiliki jutaan pon makanan layak yang tersia-sia,

and we have poor people that are going hungry."

dan juga orang-orang miskin yang kelaparan."

That simple.

Sesederhana itu.

Denmark now has a mandated food waste grocery store.

Sekarang ada supermarket khusus makanan sisa di Denmark,

Its name: Wefood.

namanya Wefood.

They recover excess food from local grocery stores

Mereka mengumpulkan surplus dari supermarket lokal

and sell it at up to a 50 percent off discount.

dan menjualnya 50 persen lebih murah.

They then use all the proceeds and donate it to emergency aid programs

Kemudian hasil penjualan didonasikan ke program pertolongan tingkat pertama

and social need issues for the people in need.

dan isu kebutuhan sosial untuk mereka yang membutuhkan.

It has been hailed as "the Goodwill of grocery."

Sekarang dikenal sebagai "Goodwill versi supermarket."

And last year, the world got its first pay-what-you-can grocery store,

Tahun lalu, supermarket bayar-semampunya pertama didirikan di dunia,

when Feed it Forward opened in Toronto.

ketika Feed It Forward dibuka di Toronto.

Their shelves remain stocked by recovering excess food

Rak mereka terus terisi dengan surplus makanan

from major supermarkets

dari supermarket besar

and allowing families to simply pay what they can

dan mengizinkan para keluarga untuk membayar semampunya

at their grocery store.

di supermarket mereka.

This is amazing.

Ini luar biasa.

This innovation we need more of.

Ini inovasi yang kita perlukan.

Everyone can take on the roles of changing the attitudes

Semua orang dapat berperan untuk mengubah sikap

about how we solve hunger.

akan cara mengatasi kelaparan.

When we think of how we've allowed innovation and technology

Saat kita memikirkan cara menggunakan inovasi dan teknologi

to change our lives,

untuk mengubah hidup,

from how we communicate with each other

dari cara berkomunikasi satu sama lain,

to how we view our entertainment

sampai cara memandang sebuah hiburan,

to how we even receive food,

dan cara kita menerima makanan,

it's amazing that we haven't solved hunger yet.

mengherankan sekali mengapa kelaparan belum teratasi.

We literally have cars that can drive themselves

Kita punya mobil yang bisa mengemudi sendiri

and millions of people that cannot feed themselves.

dan jutaan orang yang tak bisa mencari makan.

With millions of dollars being donated to end food insecurity,

Dengan jutaan dolar didonasikan untuk mengatasi kelangkaan pangan,

we should've solved hunger years ago.

kelaparan harusnya teratasi bertahun lalu.

And I asked myself --

Saya pun bertanya-tanya --

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

I asked myself, why can't we escape this vicious cycle?

Mengapa kita tak bisa lepas dari lingkaran setan ini?

Why haven't we solved this problem?

Mengapa kita belum juga mengatasi ini?

I remember meeting with investors and pitching the idea,

Saya ingat bertemu para investor dan mengajukan ide,

trying to raise funds for my business,

untuk menggalang dana bagi bisnis saya,

and one of them said to me, in true seriousness,

dan salah seorang investor berkata dengan serius,

"Hunger is already being solved,"

"Kelaparan sudah teratasi,"

as if millions of people weren't going to go to bed hungry that very night,

seakan jutaan orang akan pergi tidur dengan perut kenyang malam itu,

and as if there was nothing else to do.

dan tak ada lagi yang perlu dilakukan.

And the reality is,

Kenyataannya,

one would think that hunger is being solved,

kita menganggap kelaparan tengah diatasi,

but the truth is, it's being worked on.

tapi sebenarnya ia sedang digarap.

If we really want to solve hunger,

Jika ingin mengatasi kelaparan,

then we have to change the way we've been doing it.

kita perlu mengubah cara kita mengatasinya.

The same actions will always garner the same results.

Tindakan serupa akan mendatangkan hasil serupa.

There are hundreds of social entrepreneurs all over the world.

Ada ratusan pengusaha sosial di seluruh dunia.

They have a focus to solve really big problems, like hunger,

Mereka berfokus untuk mengatasi masalah yang sangat besar, seperti kelaparan,

but they'll never get the same support

tapi tak akan pernah mendapat dukungan

that we give national hunger-fighting organizations and food banks.

seperti dukungan untuk organisasi melawan-lapar dan bank makanan.

But, if given the opportunity,

Tapi jika ada kesempatan,

they have the ability to foster insight

mereka dapat memberikan ide

and perhaps be forward-thinking enough

dan mungkin cukup terbuka

to solve this problem.

untuk mengatasi masalah ini.

That's why I'm traveling the world

Karenanya saya berkeliling dunia

and I'm really talking about what hunger looks like in America

dan berbicara tentang bentuk kelaparan di Amerika

and explaining the difference between giving people access to food

dan menjelaskan perbedaan antara memberikan akses ke pangan

and access to meals.

dan makanan layak.

I've been meeting with city council members

Saya menemui anggota dewan kota

and city organizers across the US

dan penyelenggara kota di seluruh AS

and telling them that technology indeed does have the power

dan memberitahu mereka bahwa teknologi memiliki pengaruh

to connect businesses with surplus food

menghubungkan bisnis dengan surplus makanan

to people in need,

ke mereka yang membutuhkan,

and explaining to them what a meal can actually mean to a family.

dan menjelaskan arti satu porsi makanan layak untuk satu keluarga.

I've been meeting with school boards and school districts

Saya bertemu dengan dewan dan distrik sekolah,

to talk about how we feed hungry children,

membahas cara memberi makan anak-anak kelaparan,

and health care organizations,

dan organisasi kesehatan,

sharing the message that food is health,

berbagi pesan bahwa makanan adalah kesehatan dan kehidupan,

and food is life,

and that, by solving hunger, we can solve so many more problems.

dan dengan mengatasi kelaparan, banyak persoalan lain yang teratasi.

So if we want to know

Jadi jika kita ingin tahu

that we don't live in a nation

bahwa kita tak hidup di negara

where perfectly good food goes to waste

yang membuang makanan layak

when our neighbors don't have food to eat,

sementara tetangga kita tak punya makanan,

then we need to change the laws.

kita perlu mengubah Undang-Undang.

We need to introduce new policies,

Kita perlu mengajukan regulasi baru,

and, most importantly, we need to change our minds and our actions.

dan yang terpenting, kita perlu mengubah pikiran dan tindakan kita.

Food drives are fine.

Pembagian makanan itu baik.

Food banks serve a huge purpose.

Bank makanan memiliki banyak peran.

And yes, sometimes I like Ding Dongs, too.

Kadang saya juga suka Ding Dongs.

But the reality is that food drives do not solve hunger.

Tapi nyatanya bank makanan tidak mengatasi kelaparan.

And if we are smart about connecting the dots

Jika kita cukup cerdas untuk melihat

that are right in front of our noses,

korelasi di depan mata kita,

we can do far more than give a family

kita bisa memberi mereka lebih dari

a box of superhero-shaped vegetable-enriched macaroni noodles

sekotak makaroni berbentuk superhero yang diperkaya sayuran

and a gallon of barbecue sauce

dan satu galon saus barbekyu

to feed themselves.

untuk makan mereka.

Instead, we can give them back their dignity.

Kita dapat mengembalikan martabat mereka.

Perhaps we can increase school attendance in schools.

Mungkin kita dapat meningkatkan jumlah kehadiran di sekolah.

We can improve the health outcomes for millions.

Kita dapat meningkatkan kesehatan jutaan orang.

And, most importantly, we can reduce food waste in our landfills,

Yang terpenting, kita dapat mengurangi limbah makanan di TPA kita,

creating a better environment for all of us.

menciptakan lingkungan yang lebih baik untuk semua.

The thing I love most is that we can feel good about it in the process.

Yang paling saya suka adalah kepuasan yang kita dapatkan dari proses tersebut.

If we solve hunger,

Jika kelaparan diatasi,

we have nothing to lose and everything to gain.

tak ada lagi yang dipertaruhkan. Justru kita dapat untung.

So let's do it.

Jadi mari kita lakukan.

Thank you.

Terima kasih.

(Applause)

(Tepuk tangan)

Thank you.

Terima kasih.