Almudena Toral: Documentary films that explore trauma -- and make space for healing | TED Fellows

35,581 views ・ 2021-07-09

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Seo-Ho Cho κ²€ν† : Jeongyeon Kim
00:14
[SHAPE YOUR FUTURE]
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[미래λ₯Ό μ„€κ³„ν•˜λΌ]
00:17
It’s a warm morning and I’m surrounded by six-year-old children in a classroom.
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λ”°λœ»ν•œ 아침에 μ €λŠ” μ—¬μ„― μ‚΄μ§œλ¦¬ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ κ΅μ‹€μ—μ„œ λ‘˜λŸ¬μ‹Έμ—¬ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
One by one, they cheerfully hug one of their friends
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아이듀은 ν•œλͺ…μ”© μ—¬ν–‰μ—μ„œ λŒμ•„μ˜¨ μΉœκ΅¬λ“€μ„
00:25
who just came back home from a trip.
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기쁘게 κ»΄μ•ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
They comment on her new dress and her new hairstyle.
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그듀은 친ꡬ의 μƒˆ μΉ˜λ§ˆμ™€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ¨Έλ¦¬μŠ€νƒ€μΌμ„ μΉ­μ°¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
But the girl does nothing.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ†Œλ…€λŠ” 아무것도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
She looks towards the distant horizon, eyes fixed.
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μ†Œλ…€λŠ” λ¨Έλ‚˜λ¨Ό μˆ˜ν‰μ„ μ„ λ©ν•˜λ‹ˆ λ°”λΌλ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
The kids start wondering why she doesn't speak.
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아이듀은 μ™œ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ 아무 말도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 지 κΆκΈˆν•΄ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:42
The girl's name is Adayanci,
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μ†Œλ…€μ˜ 이름은 μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
and the trip she has just returned from is not a vacation.
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μ†Œλ…€κ°€ λ‹€λ…€μ˜¨ 여행은 νœ΄κ°€κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
She left Guatemala with her dad in May 2018 for the United States.
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μ†Œλ…€λŠ” 2018λ…„ 5월에 아버지와 κ³Όν…Œλ§λΌλ₯Ό λ– λ‚˜ 미ꡭ으둜 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:54
Several months later, she's back, but she has gone silent.
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λͺ‡ κ°œμ›” 후에 μ†Œλ…€λŠ” λŒμ•„μ™”μ§€λ§Œ 말을 μžƒμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
I'm filming this, feeling overwhelmed,
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μ €λŠ” 이 μ΄¬μ˜μ„ ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ 감정이 뢁받쳐 올랐고
01:01
and finding it difficult to look through the viewfinder of my camera.
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카메라 렌즈λ₯Ό 톡해 λ³΄λŠ” 것 쑰차도 μ–΄λ €μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
Her post-traumatic stress disorder is so visible.
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μ†Œλ…€μ˜ 외상후 μŠ€νŠΈλ ˆμŠ€λŠ” λ„ˆλ¬΄ 뚜렷히 λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
I am in tears.
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제 λˆˆμ—λŠ” 눈물이 λ§Ίν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
I am a journalist who documents aftermaths for a living.
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μ €λŠ” ν›„μœ μ¦μ„ μ΄¬μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κΈ°μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:16
The impact, the invisible consequences.
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좩격과 보이지 μ•ŠλŠ” 결과듀을 μ΄¬μ˜ν•˜μ£ .
01:19
What happens when the media spotlight is gone?
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μ–Έλ‘ μ˜ 관심이 사라지고 λ‚˜λ©΄ 무슨 일이 λ²Œμ–΄μ§ˆκΉŒμš”?
01:22
That's why I've spent hundreds of hours listening to and watching people
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그것이 μ œκ°€ 였랜 μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ 트라우마둜 큰 영ν–₯을 받은
01:27
deeply affected by trauma.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ³  이야기λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄λ“œλ¦¬λŠ” μ΄μœ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
Survivors of trafficking, child rape, gang slavery, forced labor
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λΆˆλ²• 거래, 어린이 κ°•κ°„, λ²”μ£„μ‘°μ§μ—μ„œμ˜ λ…Έμ—­, κ°•μ œ λ…Έμ—­,
01:34
and immigration enforcement.
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κ°•μ œ 이민 μ§‘ν–‰μ˜ ν”Όν•΄μžλ“€μ„ λ§Œλ‚˜κ³€ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
Different from the job of psychiatrist and aid workers,
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μ‹¬λ¦¬ν•™μžμ™€ ꡭ제 κ΅¬ν˜Έμ›κ³Όμ˜ μΌκ³ΌλŠ” λ‹€λ₯΄μ§€λ§Œ
01:41
I've dedicated my life to listening to them
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 이야기에 κ·€ 기울이고
01:43
to make their stories public,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό 일인칭 μ‹œμ μ—μ„œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ λͺ©μ†Œλ¦¬λ‘œ
01:45
in first person, in their own voice.
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κ³΅λ‘ ν™”μ‹œν‚€λŠ” 데에 삢을 λ°”μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
Despite all of the limitations of words and photographs and films,
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μ–Έμ–΄, 사진, μ˜μƒμ˜ ν•œκ³„μ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
01:54
I believe better stories about the effects of trauma
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μ €λŠ” νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆκ°€ 삢에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” 영ν–₯에 λŒ€ν•œ 이야기가
01:57
in people's lives are essential.
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맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•˜λ‹€κ³  λ―ΏμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
They can show us the real consequences of seemingly abstract government policies.
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그것듀은 μΆ”μƒμ μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ •λΆ€ μ •μ±…μ˜ μ‹€μ§ˆμ μΈ κ²°κ³Όλ₯Ό λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
They can trigger understanding across political divides
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λ˜ν•œ μ •μΉ˜μ  뢄열에 λŒ€ν•œ 이해λ₯Ό 돕고
02:09
and awaken our universal sense of empathy.
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μ „μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 곡감을 μΌκΉ¨μ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
Survivors like the now deceased Jennifer
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ λŒμ•„κ°€μ‹  μ œλ‹ˆνΌμ™€ 같은 μƒμ‘΄μžλ“€μ€
02:15
taught me that brutal bondage does not happen far away.
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μž”μΈν•œ ꡬ속은 멀지 μ•Šμ€ κ³³μ—μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κ°€λ₯΄μ³μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
David taught me the horrors refugees flee from
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데이빗은 λ‚œλ―Όμ΄ λ²—μ–΄λ‚˜κ³ μž ν•˜λŠ” 곡포가
02:23
are scarier than any obstacle in the quest for safety.
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μ•ˆμ „μ„ ν–₯ν•œ 여정에 μžˆλŠ” μ–΄λ– ν•œ μž₯애물보닀도
더 ν¬λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κ°€λ₯΄μ³μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
Adayanci brought home for me that governments of developed nations
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μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œλŠ” 선진ꡭ μ •λΆ€κ°€ 트라우마λ₯Ό λ¬΄κΈ°λ‘œμ„œ
02:32
also harm using trauma as a weapon.
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ°λ„ ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨μš°μ³μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
The word "trauma" comes from ancient Greek.
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νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆλΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” κ³ λŒ€ κ·Έλ¦¬μŠ€μ–΄μ—μ„œ κΈ°μ›ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
It's the word for "injury".
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λΆ€μƒμ΄λΌλŠ” λœ»μ„ 가지죠.
02:40
It's the psychological wound that stays
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μ΄λŠ” μ•„μ£Ό λ”μ°ν•œ 사건이 μΌμ–΄λ‚œ 이후
02:43
after something really terrible has happened to us.
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심리적인 μƒμ²˜κ°€ λ‚¨κ²Œ λœλ‹€λŠ” λœ»μ„ κ°€μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:47
It affects our body, our mind,
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νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆλŠ” 우리의 λͺΈ, μ •μ‹ ,
02:49
our memory and our sense of safety in the world.
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κΈ°μ–΅, μ•ˆμ „μ— λŒ€ν•œ 인식에 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
War, violence, kidnapping, torture,
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μ „μŸ, 폭λ ₯, λ‚©μΉ˜, 고문은
02:57
they are all causes of trauma.
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λͺ¨λ‘ 트라우마의 μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
But it does not only happen far away, far from you.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄λŠ” λ¨Ό κ³³μ—μ„œλ§Œ λ°œμƒν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
In the United States, for example,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ 미ꡭ에
03:06
several large-scale community studies
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λͺ‡λͺ‡ λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ 지역 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ”
03:08
have shown that exposure to violence and terror,
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κ°•κ°„, 가정폭λ ₯, λΆˆλ²•κ±°λž˜ 같은
03:12
like rape, domestic abuse or trafficking
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폭λ ₯κ³Ό ν…ŒλŸ¬μ— λŒ€ν•œ λ…ΈμΆœμ΄
03:16
are common and damaging in times of peace.
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ν‰ν™”λ‘œμš΄ μ‹œλŒ€μ—λ„ ν”ν•˜κ²Œ λ°œμƒν•œλ‹€κ³  λ°ν˜”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
What I witnessed in that classroom in Guatemala
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κ³Όν…Œλ§λΌμ˜ κ΅μ‹€μ—μ„œ μ œκ°€ λͺ©κ²©ν•œ 것은
03:22
was the aftermath of the zero-tolerance policy.
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λ¬΄κ΄€μš© μ •μ±…μ˜ ν›„ν­ν’μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:26
It separated children from parents at the US-Mexico border.
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κ·Έ 정책은 λ―Έκ΅­κ³Ό λ©•μ‹œμ½” κ΅­κ²½μ—μ„œ 아이듀과 λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ„ λ–¨μ–΄μ§€κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
Adayanci was sent to a shelter and two foster families
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μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œμ˜ 아버지가 κ°•μ œ μΆ”λ°©λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œλŠ” λ³΄ν˜Έμ†Œμ™€
03:35
while her dad was deported.
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두 μœ„νƒ κ°€μ •μ—κ²Œ λ³΄λ‚΄μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
In her despair, she took a pair of scissors
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μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œλŠ” μ ˆλ§κ°μ— μ‚¬λ‘œμž‘ν˜€ μ‹œμœ„μ˜ 의미둜
03:39
and cut her own hair as a form of protest.
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κ°€μœ„λ₯Ό 집어듀어 슀슀둜 머리λ₯Ό μž˜λΌλ²„λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:43
A psychologist diagnosed her with acute stress,
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μ •μ‹ κ³Ό μ˜μ‚¬λŠ” κ·Ήμ‹¬ν•œ 슀트레슀라고 μ§„λ‹¨ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
03:47
warning it would become post-traumatic stress disorder
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μ΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ§€λ‚œ ν›„
03:50
the longer time passed.
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외상후 슀트레슀 μž₯μ• λ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§ˆ 수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ²½κ³ ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
The damage of this type of separation
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ–΄λ¦° λ‚˜μ΄μ— ν—€μ–΄μ§€κ²Œ λ˜μ–΄ μƒκΈ°λŠ”
03:55
at an early age,
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μƒμ²˜λŠ”
03:56
just like other forms of abuse,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ ν•™λŒ€μ™€ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ
03:58
can be permanent if the child doesn't receive help.
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아동이 도움을 받지 μ•ŠμœΌλ©΄ 영ꡬ적으둜 남을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
In order to justify this kind of violence,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 폭λ ₯을 μ •λ‹Ήν™”ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œ
04:05
there is a will to make certain people seem very different from us.
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보톡 그듀이 저희와 μ™„μ „νžˆ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄λΌκ³  ꡬ별짓곀 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:10
Evil, rapists, animals, criminals.
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μ•…λ§ˆ, κ°•κ°„λ²”, 동물, λ²”μ£„μžλ“€μ˜
04:15
Stripping off their humanity
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인간성을 μ—†μ• λŠ” 것은
04:17
is a deliberate technique used by governments
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μ •λΆ€κ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” κ΅ν™œν•œ 정책이며
04:19
with plenty of examples in history books.
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역사 책에 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ μ˜ˆμ‹œλ‘œ λ“±μž₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
In this case, the so-called evil, criminal and animal
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이 κ²½μš°μ— μ•…λ§ˆ, λ²”μ£„μž, λ™λ¬Όλ‘œ 뢈린 λŒ€μƒμ€
04:28
was a shattered six-year-old girl.
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μƒμ²˜λ°›μ€ μ—¬μ„― μ‚΄μ§œλ¦¬ μ†Œλ…€μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
We published Adayanci's documentary.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œμ˜ λ‹€νλ©˜ν„°λ¦¬λ₯Ό μ œμž‘ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
The story won a World Press Photo award
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이 이야기λ₯Ό 톡해 세계 μ–Έλ‘  사진 상을 λ°›κ²Œλ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
04:37
thanks to which Adayanci is receiving therapy in Guatemala.
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이 덕뢄에 μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œλŠ” κ³Όν…Œλ§λΌμ—μ„œ 치료λ₯Ό λ°›κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
She's on her slow way back to recovery, dancing and daydreaming.
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μ†Œλ…€λŠ” μΆ€μΆ”κ³  μƒμƒν•˜λ©° 천천히 μΌμƒμœΌλ‘œ 회볡 쀑 μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:45
But most others have not gotten access to care.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 아이듀은 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 도움을 받지 λͺ»ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:49
Hundreds haven't even been reunited with their families.
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수백λͺ…μ˜ 아이듀은 κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό μž¬κ²°ν•©ν•˜μ§€λ„ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:52
The trauma these policies cost can have generational effects.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 정책이 μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆλŠ” λͺ‡ μ„ΈλŒ€μ— 걸쳐 영ν–₯을 끼칠 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
Even in Adayanci's fortunate case,
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μ•„λ‹€μ–€μ‹œλŠ” 운이 μ’‹μ•˜μŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
05:00
the family has no institutional support and is in deep debt.
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가쑱은 κΈ°κ΄€μ˜ 도움을 받지 λͺ»ν•˜κ³  있고 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ λΉšμ„ λ– μ•ˆκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
We humans heal from trauma through feeling safe,
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인간은 μ•ˆμ „ν•¨μ„ 느끼고 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„λ©°
05:10
through storytelling
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€κ³Ό μœ λŒ€κ΄€κ³„λ₯Ό μŒ“μœΌλ©°
05:12
and through establishing connection with others in our communities.
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νŠΈλΌμš°λ§ˆμ—μ„œ λ²—μ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:16
For this little girl reframing the story she will tell herself
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이 μ–΄λ¦° μ†Œλ…€λŠ” μžμ‹ μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” 것이
05:20
it's part of her healing.
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치료의 과정이라고 λ˜λ‡ŒμΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
For us as a society,
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ν•œ 지역 μ‚¬νšŒμ˜ μΌλΆ€λ‘œμ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ”
05:24
reframing her story and pressuring our governments to do better
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μ†Œλ…€μ˜ 이야기λ₯Ό μ „ν•˜κ³  μ •λΆ€μ˜ 더 λ‚˜μ€ 정책을 μœ„ν•΄ μ••λ°•ν•˜λ©°
05:29
is part of reclaiming our dignity as equals.
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ν‰λ“±ν•œ 쑴엄성을 λ˜μ°Ύμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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