How you can help save the monarch butterfly -- and the planet | Mary Ellen Hannibal

58,939 views

2020-04-28 ใƒป TED


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How you can help save the monarch butterfly -- and the planet | Mary Ellen Hannibal

58,939 views ใƒป 2020-04-28

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Hoeun Cheong ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:13
Hi there.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:14
I'm in the habit of saying I would like it if butterflies could talk,
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์ €๋Š” '๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์„ํ…๋ฐ' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„๋ฆ‡์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
but I've been recently reconsidering that,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
because we already have a pretty loud world.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฝค๋‚˜ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
00:23
Can you imagine if butterflies were yakking out there all over the place?
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๋‚˜๋น„๋“ค์ด ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ์žฌ์ž˜๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ƒ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
00:27
But I would like to ask butterflies one question, which is,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋‚˜๋น„์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
what is the meaning of some of the stories that we humans tell about them?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋น„ ์„คํ™”๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ์–ด๋–ค ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:36
Because remarkably, all over the world, cultures have really similar stories,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์—์„œ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ
00:40
similar mythologies about butterflies having to do with the human soul.
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๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์„คํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Some cultures tell us butterflies are carrying the souls of children
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๋ช‡๋ช‡ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ๊ฝƒํ”ผ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์ฐ ์ฃฝ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ
00:48
who have died wrongly or too soon,
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์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ์ด ๊นƒ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
and other cultures tell us that butterflies
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธํ™”๊ถŒ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:53
are carrying the souls of our ancestors among us.
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์กฐ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ์ด ๋‚˜๋น„์— ๊นƒ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
00:56
This butterfly is called a Kallima inachus.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ž‘์žŽ ๋‚˜๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
On one side, it looks like a beautiful butterfly,
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๋‚ ๊ฐœ ๋ฐ”๊ฐ™์ชฝ์„ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋‚˜๋น„ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
01:02
and on the other side, it looks like a leaf,
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๋‚ ๊ฐœ ์•ˆ์ชฝ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ ๊ฐ™์•„ ๋ณด์ด์ฃ .
01:04
and it folds up like a leaf to elude predators.
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์ด ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ํฌ์‹์ž๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‚ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ ‘์–ด ๋‚˜๋ญ‡์žŽ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์œ„์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
So now you see it, now you don't,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์ผ ๋•Œ๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ณด์ผ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
something hidden, something revealed.
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์ˆจ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
Maybe we got our ideas about the human soul from this butterfly.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋‚˜๋น„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์„ ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
So it's possible that butterflies have some sort of outsized role
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์‚ฌํ›„์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ์ค‘๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
in our afterlife.
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01:20
But in this life, in this world, butterflies are in really serious trouble.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์„ธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋น„๋“ค์€ ํฐ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
This is a moth.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Moths and butterflies are related. Moths generally fly at night.
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๋‚˜๋ฐฉ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ดŒ์ง€๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ผํ–‰์„ฑ์ด์ฃ .
01:30
This is called "praedicta," because Darwin predicted that it must exist.
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"์˜ˆ์–ธ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹ค์œˆ์ด ์ถœํ˜„์„ ํ™•์‹ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:36
So today, more than 60 species of butterflies are endangered
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ , ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ 60์ข…์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋ฉธ์ข…์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
around the world,
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01:42
but even more than that,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
01:43
insects are declining, declining, declining.
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์ง€๋‚œ 50๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณค์ถฉ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€
01:46
In the last 50 years,
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์‡ ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
we've lost nearly 50 percent of the total number of bodies of insects.
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์ด ๊ณค์ถฉ๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 50% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์ด ๋ฉธ์ข…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Now this is a disaster.
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์ด๊ฑด ์žฌ์•™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
It could impact us in a more serious way more quickly than climate change,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
because butterflies don't do that much in the ecosystem that we depend on,
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๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
02:05
but they do things for other creatures that we do depend on,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์—๋Š” ํฐ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์น˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
and that's the same story with all insect life.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํƒœ์™€๋„ ํ†ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
Insect life is at the very foundation of our life-support systems.
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๊ณค์ถฉ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
We can't lose these insects.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณค์ถฉ์„ ์žƒ์–ด์„  ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Biodiversity all over the globe is in a vast decline.
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์ „ ์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ์šธ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Habitat loss, pesticides, herbicides and impacts of climate change.
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์„œ์‹์ง€์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด, ์ œ์ดˆ์ œ, ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
Habitat loss is very serious,
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์„œ์‹์ง€์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
and that's where we really have to get developing better,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋‚˜์•„์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์šฐ์„ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ๊ฒฝ์จ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
more mindfully.
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02:37
It's the worst of times,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ,
02:38
we are kind of overloaded with our problems.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ๊ณ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
It's also the best of times -- there's incredibly good news.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
02:44
We have exactly what we need.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
We have exactly the platform to save nature.
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์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
It's called citizen science.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
So citizen science is generally a term used to mean people without a PhD
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋Š” ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ํ•™์œ„ ์—†์ด ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
contributing to scientific research.
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02:57
Sometimes, it's called community science,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ๊ณผํ•™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
which gets at the communal purpose of citizen science,
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
03:03
which is to do something for our commons together.
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๊ณต์ต ์ถ”๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ํŠน์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
It's amateur science.
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์€ ์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
It's being turbocharged today by vast computing power,
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ํ†ต๊ณ„ ๋ถ„์„, ์—ฐ์‚ฐ๋ ฅ, ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์ด ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:11
statistical analysis and the smartphone,
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๊ธ‰์†๋„๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:14
but it's an ancient practice that people have always practiced.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ˆ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ค์ฒœํ•˜๋˜ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ด€์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:17
It's amateur science.
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์ž์—ฐ๊ณผํ•™์ด์ฃ .
03:19
Professional science has its roots in amateur science.
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์ „๋ฌธ ๊ณผํ•™์€ ์ž์—ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์— ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
Charles Darwin was a citizen scientist.
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์ฐฐ์Šค ๋‹ค์œˆ๋„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
He had no advanced degree, and he worked only for himself.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ ์œ„ ํ•™์œ„๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ํ˜ผ์ž์„œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
So someone showed Darwin this Madagascar star orchid,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹ค์œˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฟ€์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ 12์ธ์น˜๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š”
03:33
which as a spur that's 12 inches long,
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๋งˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค์นด ๋ณ„ ๋‚œ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
and the spur is the part of a flower that the nectar is in.
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๊ฟ€์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฝƒ์ด ๊ฟ€์„ ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์žฅ์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So this person showed this to Darwin and said,
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๋‚œ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹ค์œˆ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:42
"This proves that evolution does not come about in a natural way.
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"์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋„ค.
03:47
This flower proves that only God can make these incredibly bizarre
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์ด ๊ฝƒ์€ ์˜ค์ง ์‹ ๋งŒ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ดด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธด ์ƒ๋ฌผ์„
03:53
and tricky-looking creatures on the earth,
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์ฐฝ์กฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€.
03:56
because no insect could possibly pollinate this.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ณค์ถฉ๋„ ์ด ๊ฝƒ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:59
God must reproduce it."
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์‹ ๋งŒ์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฒˆ์‹์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋„ค."
04:01
And Darwin said, "No, I'm sure that there is an insect somewhere
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๋‹ค์œˆ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„๋‹ˆ, ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์— ์ด ๊ฝƒ์„
04:06
with a proboscis long enough to pollinate that star orchid."
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์ˆ˜๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋งŒํผ ๊ธด ์ž…์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ณค์ถฉ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
04:10
And he was right.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ณ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
This is a map of the monarch butterfly.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
So, the monarch butterfly has a different story
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์•„๊นŒ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ๊ณผ๋Š”
04:20
than that particular moth,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:21
but reflects the same kind of fundamental idea that Darwin had
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๋‹ค์œˆ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋‚ธ ๊ณต์ง„ํ™”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:27
called coevolution,
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04:28
and coevolution is at the heart of how nature works,
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๊ณต์ง„ํ™”๋Š” ์ž์—ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ฉฐ
04:31
and it's also at the heart of what's going wrong with nature today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ž์—ฐ์ด ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งž๊ณ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
So over time, as the moth developed a longer proboscis,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ, ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ์€ ๊ธด ์ž…์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
so the plant developed a longer spur.
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๊ฝƒ ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ธด ๊ฟ€์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
Over millions of years,
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
04:44
the plant and the moth developed a relationship
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๊ฝƒ๊ณผ ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ์€ ์„œ๋กœ์˜ ์ƒ์กด์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ
04:47
whereby they both make each other's chances of existence better.
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์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ณต์ƒ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
The monarch butterfly has a different kind of coevolutionary relationship,
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ณต์ง„ํ™” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
and today, it is at the heart of what's going wrong
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„ ์œ„๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
for the monarch butterfly.
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05:00
So this is a map of the monarch butterfly migration.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์ด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ธ ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
The monarch does this amazing thing,
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
and over the course of a year,
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ํ•œ ํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ
05:07
it goes over the entirety of North America.
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์ „ ๋ถ๋ฏธ ๋Œ€๋ฅ™์„ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
It does this in four or five generations.
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4์—์„œ 5์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์น˜๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
05:13
The first generations only live a couple of weeks.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ฒจ์šฐ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋ฐ–์—๋Š” ์‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
They mate, they lay eggs and they die.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ์„ ๋‚ณ๊ณ  ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
The next generation emerges as butterflies and takes the next leg of the journey.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์„ธ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ถฉ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ๋– ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
Nobody knows how they do it.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
By the time the fifth generation comes back around -- and that one lives longer,
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5์„ธ๋Œ€์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ธด ์ˆ˜๋ช…์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:29
they overwinter in Mexico and California --
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์™€ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ๊ฒจ์šธ์„ ๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:32
by the time it gets there,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฏค
05:34
those butterflies are going back to where their ancestors came from,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์™”๋˜ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
but they've never been there before,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•œ๋ฒˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ 
05:39
and nobody that they're immediately related to has been there before either.
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์ด์ „ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ณณ์ธ๋ฐ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
We don't know how they do it.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
The reason we know they do this kind of migration --
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์•„์ง ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ๋Œ€์ด๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
05:49
and we still have a lot of unanswered questions
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๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์˜๋ฌธ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
05:51
about the monarch migration --
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€์ด๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
05:53
is because of citizen science.
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ๋•๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
So for decades, people have made observations
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜
05:57
about monarch butterflies, where and when they see them,
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์„œ์‹์ง€์™€ ํ™œ๋™์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ 
06:00
and they've contributed these observations to platforms like Journey North.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ 'Journey North' ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
This is a map of some observations of butterflies given to Journey North.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 'Journey North' ์— ๊ธฐ๋ถ€๋œ ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ง€๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
And if you can see the dots are coded
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์ง€๋„์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋œ ์ ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด
06:15
by what time of year those observations were made.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹ฌ์— ๊ด€์ฐฐ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ธ์ง€ ์ƒ‰๊น”๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
So these massive amounts of data come into a place like Journey North,
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์ด ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–‘์˜ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ 'Journey North' ๋กœ ์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ
06:23
and they can create a map of this time of over a course of a year
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ํ•œ ํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
06:29
of where monarchs go.
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์ง€๋„๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Also because of citizen science,
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž ๋•๋ถ„์—
06:33
we understand that monarch butterfly numbers are going down, down, down.
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ค„์–ด๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
So in the 1980s, the overwintering butterflies here in California,
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1980๋…„๋Œ€, ์ด๊ณณ ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์—์„œ ๊ฒจ์šธ์„ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋น„๋“ค์€
06:40
there were four million counted.
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400๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Last year, 30,000.
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์ž‘๋…„์—๋Š” 3๋งŒ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
(Audience gasps)
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(๋ฐฉ์ฒญ๊ฐ ๋†€๋žŒ)
06:45
Four million to 30,000 since the 1980s.
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1980๋…„๋Œ€ ์ดํ›„๋กœ 400๋งŒ์—์„œ 3๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
The monarchs on the east coast are doing a little better,
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๋™๋ถ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์˜ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ •์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‚ซ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ
06:51
but they're also going down.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๋„ ์ˆซ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ค„๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
06:53
OK, so what are we going to do about it?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
06:55
Well, very organically, nobody really asking anybody to do it,
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์กฐ์ง์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๋„์›€์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
06:59
people all over the continent are supporting monarch butterflies.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž๋ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅผ ํ›„์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
The heart of the problem for monarchs is milkweed.
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์›์ธ์€ '๋ฐ€ํฌ์œ„๋“œ'๋ผ๋Š” ์‹๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
It's another coevolutionary relationship, and here's the story.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต์ง„ํ™” ๊ด€๊ณ„์ด์ฃ .
07:10
Milkweed is toxic.
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๋ฐ€ํฌ์œ„๋“œ๋Š” ๋…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
It has a poison in it that it evolved to deter other insects from eating it,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณค์ถฉ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ™”ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:18
but the monarch developed a different kind of relationship,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์ด ์‹๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์ „ ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
a different strategy with the milkweed.
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์ข€ ๋” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „๋žต์„ ์ทจํ–ˆ์ฃ .
07:23
Not only does it tolerate the toxin,
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚ด์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:25
the monarch actually sequesters the toxin in its body,
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์ฒด๋‚ด์— ๋…์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ €์žฅํ•ด ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
thus becoming poisonous to its predators.
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ํฌ์‹์ž๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋…์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
Monarch butterflies will only lay their eggs on milkweed,
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋Š” ์˜ค์ง ๋ฐ€ํฌ์œ„๋“œ์—๋งŒ ์•Œ์„ ๋‚ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
and monarch caterpillars will only eat milkweed,
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์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์œ ์ถฉ๋„ ์ด ์‹๋ฌผ๋งŒ์„ ๋จน์ฃ .
07:39
because they need that toxin to actually create what they are as a species.
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๋ฐ€ํฌ์œ„๋“œ์˜ ๋…์„ฑ์ด ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์ข… ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์™„์„ฑ์‹œํ‚ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
So people are planting milkweed all over the country
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ๋ฐ€ํฌ์œ„๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
where we have lost milkweed due to habitat destruction,
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ์„œ์‹์ง€์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด, ์‚ด์ถฉ์ œ, ์ œ์ดˆ์ œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
07:52
pesticide use, herbicide use and climate change impacts.
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๋ฐ€ํฌ์œ„๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ ธ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์š”.
07:57
You can create a lot of butterfly habitat and pollinator habitat on a windowsill.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ฐฝํ„ฑ์— ๋‚˜๋น„๋‚˜ ๊ฝƒ๊ฐ€๋ฃจ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์˜ ์„œ์‹์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
You go to a native nursery in your area
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋ฌ˜๋ชฉ์žฅ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ด
08:05
and find out what's native to where you live,
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์ง€์—ญ ํ† ์ฐฉ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์„œ
08:07
and you will bring beautiful things to yourself.
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€ ์‹ฌ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
Now, citizen science can do even more than rescue monarch butterflies.
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์ด์ œ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์€ ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์™ธ์—๋„ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
It has the capacity to scale
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์ž์—ฐ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์›ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ
08:17
to the level necessary that we need to mobilize to save nature.
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ํ™•์žฅํ•  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:21
And this is an example.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
It's called City Nature Challenge,
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'๋„์‹œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€' ๋ผ๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ฃ .
08:25
and City Nature Challenge is a project of the California Academy of Sciences
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'๋„์‹œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€' ๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๊ณผํ•™์›๊ณผ
08:29
and the Los Angeles Museum of Natural History.
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LA ์ž์—ฐ์‚ฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์ด ๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผ์ตœํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
So for four years, City Nature Challenge has enjoined cities all over the globe
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4๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋„์‹œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋งŽ์€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ฉฐ
08:37
to participate in counting up biodiversity in their cities.
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๊ทธ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
We're up to, like, a million observations of biodiversity
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์ง€๋‚œ 4์›”, ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ธ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘๋œ
08:46
collected by people around the globe this past April.
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์ƒ๋ฌผ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๊ด€์ฐฐ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ๊ฑด์— ์ด๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
The winner this year was South Africa, much to the chagrin of San Francisco.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋…„๋„์˜ ์šฐ์Šน์ž๋Š” ๋‚จ์•„๊ณต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”๋Š” ์•„์‰ฝ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:55
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:56
Look at them, they have more biodiversity than we do.
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์ €๊ฑธ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
It's kind of an interesting thing, what is revealed when you start seeing
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๊ด€์ฐฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๊ณ 
09:02
what are the natural resources where you live,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์˜ ์ž์—ฐ ์ž์‚ฐ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:05
because as we go forward, you want to live where there's more biodiversity.
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๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ ์‹ถ์–ด์งˆ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
09:08
And by the way, citizen science is a very good tool for social justice
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์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์˜์™€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์  ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ
09:12
and environmental justice goals, for helping reach them.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
You need to have data and you need to show a picture,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
09:17
you need to point to a cause
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์›์ธ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:18
and then you need to have the surgical strike
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
to help support whatever that problem is.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:25
So City Nature Challenge, I think, should get a commendation from the UN.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๋„์‹œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€๋Š” UN์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
09:29
Has there ever been a global effort on behalf of nature
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ „์ง€๊ตฌ์  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์ด
09:35
undertaken in this coordinated manner?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์ง์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰ํ•ด์ง„ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:38
It's amazing, it's fantastic
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
and it's really a pretty grassroots thing,
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์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ์˜ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
09:43
and we get very interesting information about butterflies and other creatures
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ๋ณด์กด์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜๋น„์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
09:47
when we do these bioblitzes.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ •๋ณด๋“ค์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:50
City Nature Challenge basically works with a tool called iNaturalist,
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๋„์‹œ ์ž์—ฐ ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€๋Š” 'iNaturalist'๋ผ๋Š” ์•ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:53
and iNaturalist is your entry drug to citizen science. (Laughs)
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'iNaturalist' ๋Š” ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ „๋„ํ•˜์ฃ . (์›ƒ์Œ)
09:57
I suggest signing up for it on a laptop or on a desktop,
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๋จผ์ € ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ์ด๋‚˜ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•œ ํ›„
10:01
and then you put the app on your phone.
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ํ•ธ๋“œํฐ์— ์•ฑ์„ ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
With iNaturalist, you take a picture of a bird, a bug, a snake, anything,
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'iNaturalist' ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ดฌ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ, ๊ณค์ถฉ, ๋ฑ€, ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด๋“ 
10:09
and an artificial intelligence function and an expert vetting system
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์ธ๊ณต์ง€๋Šฅ ์ง„๋‹จ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ด ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ƒ์„
10:15
works to verify that observation.
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ํ™•์ธํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
The app gives the observation the date, the time, the latitude and the longitude,
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์ด ์–ดํ”Œ๋ฆฌ์ผ€์ด์…˜์€ ์ดฌ์˜ ๋‚ ์งœ์™€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์œ„๋„์™€ ๊ฒฝ๋„, ์œ„์น˜ ๋“ฑ์„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
geolocates that observation.
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10:24
That's the data, that's the science of citizen science.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ํž˜์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ์ด๋ฉฐ
10:27
And then that data is shared,
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์ด ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋Š” ๊ณต์œ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
and that sharing, that is the soul of citizen science.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณต์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
When we share data,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋ฉด
10:35
we can see much bigger pictures of what's going on.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ๋จผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
There's no way to see that whole monarch migration
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๋งŒ์•ฝ, ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ž์—ฐ์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์—
10:41
without sharing data that's been collected over decades,
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ํ˜ธ๊ธฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์—ด์„ฑ์„ ๋‹คํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ
10:46
seeing the heart and soul of how nature works
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๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ œ์™• ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ์ด๋™๊ฒฝ๋กœ๋ฅผ
10:49
through citizen science.
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์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
This is a Xerces blue butterfly,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„œ์„ธ์Šค ๋ธ”๋ฃจ ๋‚˜๋น„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
which went extinct when it lost its habitat in Golden Gate Park.
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๊ณจ๋“ ๊ฒŒ์ดํŠธ ๊ณต์›์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์„œ์‹์ง€๊ฐ€ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜์–ด ๋ฉธ์ข…ํ•œ ์ข…์ด์ฃ .
10:57
It had a coevolutionary relationship with an ant, and that's another story.
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์ด ์ข…์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฏธ์™€ ๊ณต์ง„ํ™” ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ฃ .
11:01
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:02
I'll end by asking you,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์š”์ฒญ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์น˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
please participate in citizen science in some way, shape or form.
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์–ด๋–ค ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ๋“  ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๊ณผํ•™์— ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
11:10
It is an amazingly positive thing.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:13
It takes an army of people to make it really work.
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ํฐ ํž˜์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋™์ฐธํ•ด ์ฃผ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
And I'll just add that I think butterflies
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง๋ถ™์ด์ž๋ฉด, ์•„๋งˆ ๋‚˜๋น„๋“ค์€
11:20
probably really do have enough on their plate
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ์„ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง๊ณ ๋„
11:22
without carrying around human souls.
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ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋งŽ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:26
But there's a lot we don't know, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
11:28
And what about all those stories? What are those stories telling us?
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๊ทธ ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ญ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
11:32
Maybe we coevolved our souls with butterflies?
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ํ˜ผ์ด ๋‚˜๋น„์™€ ๊ณต์ง„ํ™”ํ•œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
11:35
Certainly, we are connected to butterflies in deeper ways than we currently know,
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ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜๋น„์™€ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
and the mystery of the butterfly will never be revealed
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋น„์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์€ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
if we don't save them.
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11:45
So, please join me in helping to save nature now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋™์ฐธํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
11:51
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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