How will we survive when the population hits 10 billion? | Charles C. Mann

933,327 views

2018-11-16 ใƒป TED


New videos

How will we survive when the population hits 10 billion? | Charles C. Mann

933,327 views ใƒป 2018-11-16

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Dongjae Jeong ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
How are we doing?
0
12698
1150
๋‹ค๋“ค ์–ด๋– ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
00:14
No, no, no, by that, I meant,
1
14650
1565
์•„๋‡จ, ์•„๋‡จ, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ œ ๋ง์€
00:16
how are we, homo sapiens "we" ...
2
16239
1681
์šฐ๋ฆฌ, ํ˜ธ๋ชจ ์‚ฌํ”ผ์—”์Šค๋กœ์„œ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ" ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
00:17
(Laughter)
3
17944
1008
(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:18
doing as a species?
4
18976
1151
ํ•œ ์ข…์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์ฃ ?
00:20
(Laughter)
5
20151
1010
(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:21
Now the typical way to answer that question is this.
6
21185
2451
์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
00:23
You choose some measure of human physical well-being:
7
23660
3125
์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ์•ˆ๋…•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ •ํ•ด์„œ
00:26
average longevity, average calories per day,
8
26809
2698
์˜ˆ๋ฅผ๋“ค๋ฉด, ํ‰๊ท  ์ˆ˜๋ช…, ์ผ ํ‰๊ท  ์นผ๋กœ๋ฆฌ,
00:29
average income, overall population, that sort of thing,
9
29531
2642
ํ‰๊ท  ์†Œ๋“, ์ „์ฒด ์ธ๊ตฌ, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์š”,
00:32
and draw a graph of its value over time.
10
32197
2910
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์น˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
00:35
In almost every case, you get the same result.
11
35131
2466
๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:37
The line skitters along at a low level for millennia,
12
37621
2691
๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š” ์ฒœ๋…„๋„˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ์Šค์น˜๋“ฏ ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋‹ค๊ฐ€
00:40
then rockets up exponentially in the 19th and 20th century.
13
40336
3436
19์„ธ๊ธฐ์™€ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
00:44
Or choose a measure of consumption:
14
44535
2621
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์†Œ๋น„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
00:47
consumption of energy, consumption of fresh water,
15
47180
2349
์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰, ๊นจ๋—ํ•œ ๋ฌผ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰
00:49
consumption of the world's photosynthesis,
16
49553
2071
์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ๊ด‘ํ•ฉ์„ฑ ์†Œ๋น„๋Ÿ‰,
00:51
and draw a graph of its value over time.
17
51648
2222
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆ˜์น˜๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
00:53
In the same way, the line skitters along at a low level for millennia,
18
53894
4072
๊ทธ๋ž˜ํ”„๋Š” ์•„๊นŒ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฒœ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€,
00:57
then rockets up exponentially in the 19th and 20th century.
19
57990
4008
19์„ธ๊ธฐ์™€ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์š”.
01:02
Biologists have a word for this: outbreak.
20
62731
2346
์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์“ฐ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
An outbreak is when a population or species
21
65894
2613
์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒ์ด๋ž€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ข…์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€
01:08
exceeds the bounds of natural selection.
22
68531
2055
์ž์—ฐ์„ ํƒ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์š”.
01:10
Natural selection ordinarily keeps populations and species
23
70610
3016
์ž์—ฐ์„ ํƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ข…์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ
01:13
within roughly defined limits.
24
73650
1682
๋Œ€๋žต์ ์ธ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋‚ด๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์š”.
01:16
Pests, parasites, lack of resources prevent them from expanding too much.
25
76130
4211
ํ•ด์ถฉ, ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ถฉ, ์ž์›์˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ํผ์ ธ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง‰์ฃ .
01:20
But every now and then, a species escapes its bounds.
26
80365
3439
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ˆ๋‚˜ ์ง€๊ธˆ์ด๋‚˜, ์ƒ๋ฌผ ์ข…์€ ๊ทธ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์š”.
01:24
Crown-of-thorns starfish in the Indian Ocean,
27
84116
2392
์ธ๋„์–‘์˜ ์•…๋งˆ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ๋ฆฌ,
01:26
zebra mussels in the Great Lakes, spruce budworm here in Canada.
28
86532
3580
์˜ค๋Œ€ํ˜ธ์˜ ์–ผ๋ฃฉ๋ฌด๋Šฌ ๋งˆํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜, ์ด๊ณณ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์˜ ์•ž๋ง์ด๋‚˜๋ฐฉ๊ณผ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ ์œ ์ถฉ
01:30
Populations explode, a hundredfold, a thousandfold,
29
90136
3143
์ธ๊ตฌ๋Š” ํญ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฑ ๋ฐฐ, ์ฒœ ๋ฐฐ,
01:33
a millionfold.
30
93303
1206
๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋„์š”.
01:35
So here's a fundamental lesson from biology:
31
95023
2542
์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
outbreaks in nature don't end well.
32
97589
2188
์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
01:40
(Laughter)
33
100126
1150
(์›ƒ์Œ)
01:41
Put a couple of protozoa into a petri dish full of nutrient goo.
34
101660
3920
์˜์–‘๋ฐฐ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋“  ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์— ์›์ƒ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ช‡๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋†“์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
01:46
In their natural habitat, soil or water, their environment constrains them.
35
106276
3872
๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ž์—ฐ ์„œ์‹์ง€์ธ ํ† ์–‘์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ œํ•œํ•ด์š”.
01:50
In the petri dish, they have an ocean of breakfast
36
110896
2375
ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„์นจ์‹์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋„˜์น˜๊ณ 
01:53
and no natural enemies.
37
113295
1366
์ฒœ์ ๋„ ์—†์–ด์š”.
01:54
They eat and reproduce, eat and reproduce,
38
114685
2508
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋จน๊ณ  ๋ฒˆ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋จน๊ณ  ๋ฒˆ์‹ํ•ด์š”.
01:57
until bang, they hit the edge of the petri dish,
39
117217
2259
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค, ๋นต! ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์˜ ๋์— ์ด๋ฅด์ฃ .
01:59
at which point they either drown in their own waste,
40
119500
2435
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ๋ถ„๋น„ํ•œ ์ฐŒ๊บผ๊ธฐ์— ์งˆ์‹ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:01
starve from lack of resources, or both.
41
121959
1905
๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ž์›๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ตถ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋‘˜์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฒช์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:03
The outbreak ends, always, badly.
42
123888
2708
์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•ˆ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Now, from the viewpoint of biology,
43
126953
2433
์ด์ œ, ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ,
02:09
you and I are not fundamentally different than the protozoa in the petri dish.
44
129410
3942
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ €๋Š” ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์˜ ์›์ƒ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
We're not special.
45
133884
1587
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
02:17
All the things that we, in our vanity, think make us different --
46
137598
3136
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž๋งŒ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค
02:20
art, science, technology, and so forth, they don't matter.
47
140758
2766
์˜ˆ์ˆ , ๊ณผํ•™, ๊ธฐ์ˆ , ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
02:23
We're an outbreak species,
48
143548
1269
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ข…์ด์—์š”.
02:24
we're going to hit the edge of the petri dish, simple as that.
49
144841
3455
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์˜ ๋์— ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:28
Well, the obvious question: Is this actually true?
50
148320
2857
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ป”ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€: ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:31
Are we in fact doomed to hit the edge of the petri dish?
51
151766
2667
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ๋ถˆ์šดํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋„ ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์˜ ๋์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋งˆ๋‚˜์š”?
02:34
I'd like to set aside this question for a moment
52
154457
2269
์ €๋Š” ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž ์‹œ ์ œ์ณ๋‘๊ณ 
02:36
and ask you guys another one.
53
156750
1524
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
02:38
If we are going to escape biology, how are we going to do it?
54
158298
3071
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์„ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋ƒ๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:42
In the year 2050,
55
162242
1588
2050๋…„์—๋Š”,
02:43
there will be almost 10 billion people in the world,
56
163854
2495
์ง€๊ตฌ์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ 100์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด๊ณ 
02:46
and all of those people will want the things that you and I want:
57
166373
3139
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋“ค ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ์›ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
02:49
nice cars, nice clothes, nice homes,
58
169536
3277
์ข‹์€ ์ฐจ, ์ข‹์€ ์˜ท, ์ข‹์€ ์ง‘,
02:52
the odd chunk of Toblerone.
59
172837
1523
ํ† ๋ธ”๋ก  ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ํ•œ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
02:55
I mean, think of it: Toblerone for 10 billion people.
60
175064
2491
์ œ๋ง์€, ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”: 100์–ต๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ† ๋ธ”๋ก !
02:57
How are we going to do this?
61
177579
1573
์ด๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
02:59
How are we going to feed everybody, get water to everybody,
62
179176
2840
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋จน์ด๊ณ , ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ,
03:02
provide power to everybody, avoid the worst impacts of climate change?
63
182040
3389
๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
03:05
I'm a science journalist,
64
185453
1777
์ €๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
03:07
and I've been asking these questions to researchers for years,
65
187254
3339
์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์•˜์ฃ ,
03:10
and in my experience, their answers fall into two broad categories,
66
190617
3977
์ œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‹ต๋ณ€์€ ๋‘ ์นดํ…Œ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
which I call "wizards" and "prophets."
67
194618
1959
์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋‘˜์„ "๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค"๊ณผ "์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃ .
03:16
Wizards, techno-whizzes,
68
196994
1814
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๊ด‘ํŒฌ๋“ค์ด์—์š”,
03:18
believe that science and technology, properly applied,
69
198832
2808
์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋œ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด
03:21
will let us produce our way out of our dilemmas.
70
201664
2624
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋”œ๋ ˆ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด์ฃ .
03:24
"Be smart, make more," they say.
71
204312
1677
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ , "๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์ ธ, ๋” ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด"
03:26
"That way, everyone can win."
72
206013
1651
"๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด"
03:28
Prophets believe close to the opposite.
73
208537
2182
์˜ˆ์–ธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
They see the world as governed by fundamental ecological processes
74
211790
4091
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœํ•™์  ๊ณผ์ •์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
with limits that we transgress to our peril.
75
215905
2758
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ๋ฌด๋ฆ…์“ฐ๊ณ  ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋ ค๋Š” ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:39
"Use less, conserve," they say.
76
219206
2016
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ฃ , "๋œ ์“ฐ๊ณ , ๋ณด์กดํ•ด๋ผ,"
03:41
"Otherwise, everybody's going to lose."
77
221246
2071
"์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด, ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค."
03:44
Wizards and prophets have been butting their heads together for decades,
78
224261
3428
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์–ธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์›Œ์™”์–ด์š”,
03:47
but they both believe that technology is key to a successful future.
79
227713
3683
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ด์‡ ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฏฟ์ฃ .
03:51
The trouble is, they envision different types of technology
80
231420
3047
์Ÿ์ ์€, ๊ทธ ๋‘˜์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ด์—์š”.
03:54
and different types of futures.
81
234491
1778
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ฃ .
03:56
Wizards envision a world of glittering, hyperefficient megacities
82
236995
5133
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ˆˆ๋ถ€์‹œ๊ณ  ์ดˆ๊ณ ํšจ์œจ์˜ ๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์‹œํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
surrounded by vast tracts of untouched nature,
83
242152
2962
๋ณธ๋ž˜ ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ๊ด‘ํ™œํ•œ ์ž์—ฐ์— ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์ด๊ณ ,
04:05
economies that have transitioned from atoms to bits,
84
245138
2620
์›์ž์—์„œ ๋น„ํŠธ๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„,
04:07
dematerialized capitalist societies
85
247782
2041
๋น„๋ฌผ์งˆํ™”๋œ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ด๋ฉด์„œ
04:09
that no longer depend on exploiting nature.
86
249847
2229
์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•  ํ•„์š” ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ฟˆ๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
Energy, to wizards, comes from compact nuclear plants;
87
252755
2642
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋Š” ์†Œํ˜•ํ™”๋œ ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ์—์„œ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
04:15
food from low-footprint farms with ultraproductive,
88
255421
2842
์Œ์‹์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์นœํ™”์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ดˆํšจ์œจ์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:18
genetically modified crops tended by robots;
89
258287
2808
๋กœ๋ด‡์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฅธ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ๋จน๊ณ 
04:21
water from high-throughput desalination plants,
90
261119
2516
๋ฌผ์€ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋‹ด์ˆ˜ํ™” ํ”Œ๋žœํŠธ์—์„œ ์–ป์–ด์„œ
04:23
which means we no longer exploit rivers and aquifers.
91
263659
3126
๋”์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ•๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ธต์„ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:27
Wizards envision all 10 billion of us
92
267208
1834
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ 100์–ต ๋ช… ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€
04:29
packed into ultradense but walkable megacities,
93
269066
2643
์ดˆ๋ฐ€์ง‘๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์‹œํ‹ฐ์— ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ
04:31
an urbanized world of maximum human aspiration
94
271733
2674
์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์—ด๋ง๊ณผ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์ž์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
04:34
and maximum human liberty.
95
274431
1428
๋„์‹œํ™”๋œ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
Now, prophets object to every bit of this.
96
276557
3508
์ด์ œ, ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
You can't dematerialize food and water, they point out.
97
280089
3155
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Œ์‹์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋น„๋ฌผ์งˆํ™” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
They say, you can't eat bits,
98
283557
2136
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋จน์„ ์ˆœ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:45
and industrial agriculture has already given us massive soil erosion,
99
285717
3524
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฐ์—…์  ๋†์—…์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ† ์–‘ ์นจ์‹๊ณผ
04:49
huge coastal dead zones and ruined soil microbiomes.
100
289265
2921
๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฐ๋“œ์กด์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ํ† ์–‘์˜ ๋ฏธ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ตฐ์ง‘์„ ๋ง์ณ๋†“์•˜์–ด์š”.
04:52
And you wizards, you want more of this?
101
292210
1947
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹  ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€, ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฑธ ๋” ์›ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
04:54
And those giant desalination plants?
102
294181
2418
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋‹ด์ˆ˜ํ™” ์‹œ์„ค์„์š”?
04:56
You know they generate equally giant piles of toxic salt
103
296623
2969
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…์„ฑ ์—ผ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ด์„œ
04:59
that are basically impossible to dispose of.
104
299616
2268
์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ์•„์‹œ์ž–์•„์š”.
05:02
And those megacities you like?
105
302424
2184
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์‹œํ‹ฐ๋Š”์š”?
05:04
Can you name me an actually existing megacity
106
304632
3065
์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฉ”๊ฐ€์‹œํ‹ฐ ์ค‘
05:07
that really exists in the world today, except for possibly Tokyo,
107
307721
3224
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋„์ฟ„ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ 
05:10
that isn't a cesspool of corruption and inequality?
108
310969
3079
๋ถ€ํŒจ์™€ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์˜ ํ•˜์ˆ˜๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ๊ณณ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋Œˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
05:15
Instead, prophets pray for a world of smaller, interconnected communities,
109
315055
6636
๋Œ€์‹ , ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž‘๊ณ , ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด
05:21
closer to the earth,
110
321715
2166
์ข€ ๋” ํ† ์–‘์— ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด,
05:23
a more agrarian world of maximum human connection
111
323905
3017
๋ณด๋‹ค ๋†์—…์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ™”๋˜๊ณ 
05:26
and reduced corporate control.
112
326946
1903
๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ํ†ต์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“  ๊ณณ์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
More people live in the countryside in this vision,
113
330142
2731
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์‹œ๊ณจ์— ์‚ด ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
05:32
with power provided by neighborhood-scale solar and wind installations
114
332897
3341
๊ฐ€์ •์šฉ ํฌ๊ธฐ์˜ ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ํ’๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์œผ๋กœ ์–ป์€ ์ „๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ
05:36
that disappear into the background.
115
336262
1809
์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด์ฃ .
05:38
Prophets don't generate water from giant desalination plants.
116
338698
3706
์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด์ˆ˜๋‹ด์ˆ˜ํ™” ์‹œ์„ค์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:44
They capture it from rainfall,
117
344044
2508
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น—๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์“ฐ๊ณ ,
05:46
and they reuse and recycle it endlessly.
118
346576
2469
๋์—†์ด ์žฌํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ฃ .
05:49
And the food comes from small-scale networks of farms
119
349069
4420
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์Œ์‹์€ ๋†์žฅ์˜ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๊ณ 
05:53
that focus on trees and tubers
120
353513
1906
์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋‚˜ ๋ฉ์ด์ค„๊ธฐ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถœ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
rather than less productive cereals like wheat and rice.
121
355443
3738
๋ฐ€์ด๋‚˜ ์Œ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋œ ํšจ์œจ์ ์ธ ๊ณก๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
06:01
Above all, though, prophets envision people changing their habits.
122
361286
3699
๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:05
They don't drive to work, they take their renewable-powered train.
123
365009
3110
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง์žฅ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด์„œ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ , ์žฌ์ƒ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์—ด์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
They don't take 30-minute hot showers every morning.
124
368143
2507
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„์นจ๋งˆ๋‹ค 30๋ถ„๋™์•ˆ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ์ƒค์›Œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
They eat, you know, like Michael Pollan says,
125
370674
2461
๊ทธ๋“ค์€, ๋งˆ์ดํด ํด๋ž€์ด ๋งํ•œ๋Œ€๋กœ
06:13
real food, mostly plants, not too much.
126
373159
3895
์ง„์งœ ์Œ์‹, ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‹๋ฌผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ์Œ์‹์„ ๊ณผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
Above all, prophets say submitting to nature's restraints
127
377825
3508
๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„, ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ž์—ฐ์˜ ์ œํ•œ์— ๊ตด๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
06:21
leads to a freer, more democratic, healthier way of life.
128
381357
4848
์ข€ ๋” ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ณ , ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ด๊ณ , ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ์ค„๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Now, wizards regard all this as hooey.
129
386967
2490
์ด์ œ, ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
They see it as a recipe for narrowness, regression, and global poverty.
130
389481
3468
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํŽธํ˜‘ํ•จ๊ณผ ํ‡ด๋ณด์™€ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ๋นˆ๊ณค์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ๋กœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
Prophet-style agriculture, they say, only extends the human footprint
131
394314
3318
๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜ ๋†์—…์€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ํ™•๋Œ€์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
06:37
and shunts more people into low-wage agricultural labor.
132
397656
3048
๋ณด๋‹ค ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์ €์ž„๊ธˆ ๋†์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
Those neighborhood-run solar facilities,
133
400728
1931
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ์‹œ์„ค์€,
06:42
they sound great,
134
402683
1764
๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ,
06:44
but they depend on a technology that doesn't exist yet.
135
404471
2705
์•„์ง ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
They're a fantasy.
136
407200
1354
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ—ˆ๊ตฌ์ด์ฃ .
06:49
And recycling water? It's a brake on growth and development.
137
409012
2826
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ์žฌ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€์š”? ์„ฑ์žฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
Above all, though, wizards object to the prophets' emphasis
138
411862
3483
๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค๋„, ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ•์กฐ์ ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
on wide-scale social engineering,
139
415369
2038
๋‹ค๋ฐฉ๋ฉด์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ณตํ•™,
06:57
which they see as deeply anti-democratic.
140
417431
2438
์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
If the history of the last two centuries was one of unbridled growth,
141
421105
3904
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋‘ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์†๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:05
the history of the coming century may well be the choice we make
142
425033
3185
์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ธธ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ
07:08
as a species between these two paths.
143
428242
2215
๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
These are the arguments that will be resolved, in one way or another,
144
431021
3897
์ด ๋…ผ์Ÿ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“ 
07:14
by our children's generation,
145
434942
1464
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž๋…€๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ •๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
the generation that will come into the world of 10 billion.
146
436430
2816
100์–ต ๋ช…์˜ ์ธ๊ตฌ์— ์ง„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์„ธ๋Œ€์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:19
Now, but wait, by this point, biologists should be rolling their eyes
147
439270
3262
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ๊น, ๊ทธ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ตด๋ ค๋Œ€์„œ
07:22
so loud you can barely hear me speak.
148
442556
1886
๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ ธ์„œ ์ œ ๋ง๋„ ๊ฐ„์‹ ํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋“ค์„ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:24
They should be saying, all of this, wizards, prophets,
149
444466
3697
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์–ธ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋‘
07:28
it's a pipe dream.
150
448187
1352
๋ชฝ์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
It doesn't matter which illusory path you think you're taking.
151
449563
4168
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ฐฉ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ธธ์„ ํƒํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋“  ์ค‘์š”์น˜ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Outbreaks in nature don't end well.
152
454736
2436
์ž์—ฐ์—์„œ์˜ ์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒ์€ ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
07:37
I mean, you think the protozoa see the edge of the petri dish approaching
153
457196
3476
์ œ ๋ง์€, ํŽ˜ํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ ‘์‹œ์˜ ์›์ƒ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ๋์ด ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ 
07:40
and say, "Hey guys, time to change society"?
154
460696
2095
"์–˜๋“ค์•„, ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ" ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
07:42
No. They just let her rip.
155
462815
2158
์•„๋‡จ. ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
That's what life does, and we're part of life.
156
464997
2531
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด์—์š”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด์ฃ .
07:47
We'll do the same thing. Deal with it.
157
467552
2119
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด์„ธ์š”.
07:50
Well, if you're a follower of Darwin, you have to take this into consideration.
158
470242
5647
์Œ, ์•„๋งˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค์œˆ์˜ ์ถ”์ข…์ž๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
07:56
I mean, the basic counterargument boils down to: "We're special."
159
476500
3723
์ œ ๋ง์€, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ˜๋ก ๋“ค์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
How lame is that?
160
480762
1259
์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ณ€๋ณ€์ฐฎ์€๊ฐ€์š”?
08:02
(Laughter)
161
482045
1491
(์›ƒ์Œ)
08:03
I mean, we can accumulate and share knowledge
162
483560
2120
์ œ ๋ง์€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์‹์„ ์ถ•์ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:05
and use it to guide our future.
163
485704
1824
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:07
Well, are we actually doing this?
164
487552
1724
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:09
Is there any evidence that we're actually using our accumulated, shared knowledge
165
489300
4777
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ์ถ•์ ๋˜๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ๋œ ์ง€์‹์„
08:15
to guarantee our long-term prosperity?
166
495514
2008
์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ๋ฒˆ์˜์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ทผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:18
It's pretty easy to say no.
167
498093
1667
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
08:20
If you're a wizard,
168
500398
907
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋ผ๋ฉด,
08:21
and you believe that hyperproductive, genetically engineered crops
169
501321
3438
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ดˆ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ธ ์œ ์ „์ž ์กฐ์ž‘ ์ž‘๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด
08:24
are key to feeding everyone in tomorrow's world,
170
504783
2363
๋‚ด์ผ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์—ฌ์‚ด๋ฆด ์—ด์‡ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:27
you have to worry that 20 years
171
507170
2785
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
08:29
of scientists demonstrating that they are safe to consume
172
509979
2722
๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์œ ์ „์ž์กฐ์ž‘ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์ด ์†Œ๋น„ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:32
has failed to convince the public to embrace this technology.
173
512725
2906
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ์‹คํŒจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:35
If you're a prophet
174
515655
1314
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜ˆ์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ผ๋ฉด
08:36
and you believe that key to solving today's growing shortage of fresh water
175
516993
4477
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์‹์ˆ˜ ๋ถ€์กฑ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์—ด์‡ ๊ฐ€
08:41
is to stop wasting it,
176
521494
1951
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋งŒ ๋‚ญ๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
08:43
you have to worry that cities around the world,
177
523469
2897
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์ด
08:46
in rich places as well as poor,
178
526390
1800
๋ถ€์œ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด
08:48
routinely lose a quarter or more of their water
179
528214
2587
์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฌผ์˜ 1/4์„
08:50
to leaky and contaminated pipes.
180
530825
2135
๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์˜ค์—ผ๋œ ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์žƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:53
I mean, Cape Town, just a little while ago, almost ran out of water.
181
533515
3529
์ œ ๋ง์€, ์–ผ๋งˆ์ „ ์ผ€์ดํ”„ํƒ€์šด์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฌผ์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
Cape Town loses a third of its water to leaky pipes.
182
537068
2567
์ผ€์ดํ”„ํƒ€์šด์€ ๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‚œ ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋กœ ๋ฌผ์˜ 1/3์„ ์žƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
This problem has been getting worse for decades,
183
539659
2317
์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋”์šฑ ์•…ํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”,
09:02
and remarkably little has been done about it.
184
542000
2595
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ ์€ ์กฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ทจํ•ด์กŒ์ฃ .
09:04
If you're a wizard, and you think that clean, abundant,
185
544619
3249
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋ผ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ
09:07
carbon-free nuclear power is key to fighting climate change,
186
547892
2869
ํƒ„์†Œ ์—†๋Š” ์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์ด ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์„ ์—ด์‡ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
09:10
then you have to worry
187
550785
1241
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
09:12
that the public willingness to build nukes is going down.
188
552050
2770
์›์ž๋ ฅ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์ค‘๋“ค์˜ ์˜์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“œ๋Š”๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
If you're a prophet, and you think that the solution to the same problem
189
555455
3436
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์ด
09:18
is these neighborhood-run solar facilities shuttling power back and forth,
190
558915
3578
์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ ๋‚ ๋ผ์ฃผ๋Š” ์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ ํƒœ์–‘๋ฐœ์ „์†Œ๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:22
you have to worry that no nation anywhere in the world
191
562517
2754
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋„
09:25
has devoted anything like the resources necessary to develop this technology
192
565295
3969
์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
09:29
and deploy it in the time that we need it.
193
569288
2503
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•„์š”๋กœ ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
And if you're on either side, wizard or prophet,
194
571815
2338
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์–ธ๊ฐ€, ๊ทธ ์–ด๋Š ํŽธ์—๋„ ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:34
you have to worry that, despite the massive alarm about climate change,
195
574177
4548
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
09:38
the amount of energy generated every year from fossil fuels has gone up
196
578749
3953
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ์—์„œ ์–ป๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€์˜ ์–‘์€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์„ธ๊ธฐ๋“ค์–ด ์ง€์†์ ์œผ๋กœ
09:42
by about 30 percent since the beginning of this century.
197
582726
3331
30% ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
So, still think we're different than the protozoa?
198
586443
3317
์•„์ง๋„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์›์ƒ์ƒ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
09:50
Still think we're special?
199
590498
2270
์•„์ง๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
09:54
Actually, it's even worse than that.
200
594392
2563
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚˜์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
(Laughter)
201
596979
2588
(์›ƒ์Œ)
09:59
We're not in the streets.
202
599591
1251
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
10:00
No seriously, if there's a difference between us and the protozoa,
203
600866
3175
์•„๋‡จ ์ •๋ง๋กœ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์›์ƒ์ƒ๋ฌผ ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
a difference that matters,
204
604065
1542
์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•ด์š”.
10:05
it's not just our art and science and technology and so forth --
205
605631
3077
๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ณผํ•™๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
it's that we can yell and scream, we can go out into the streets,
206
608732
3231
๋ฐ”๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™ธ์น˜๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
and, over time, change the way society works,
207
611987
2118
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ํ๋ฆ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๋„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
10:14
but we're not doing it.
208
614129
1254
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
Wizards have been arguing literally for decades
209
615407
2424
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
10:17
that nuclear power is key to resolving climate change.
210
617855
4976
์›์ž๋ ฅ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
But the first pro-nuke march in history occurred less than two years ago,
211
624174
4229
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ•ต๋ฐœ์ „ ์ง€์ง€ํŒŒ ์‹œ์œ„๋Š” 2๋…„๋„ ์ฑ„ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ 
10:28
and it was dwarfed by the anti-nuke marches of the past.
212
628427
3262
๊ทธ๋‚˜๋งˆ๋„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ํ•ต๋ฐœ์ „ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํŒŒ ์‹œ์œ„์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
Prophets have been arguing, again literally for decades,
213
631713
3126
์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
10:34
that conservation is key to keeping freshwater supplies
214
634863
3763
๋ณด์กด์ด ๋‹ด์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ์—ด์‡ ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
without destroying the ecosystems that generate those freshwater supplies.
215
638650
3835
๋‹ด์ˆ˜ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:42
But in the history of humankind, there has never been a street
216
642509
2911
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ
10:45
full of angry protesters waving signs about leaky pipes.
217
645444
2917
๊ตฌ๋ฉ๋‚œ ํŒŒ์ดํ”„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ„๋…ธํ•œ ์‹œ์œ„์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ ์€ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
In fact, most of the political activity in this sphere
218
648985
3598
์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์˜ ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ํ™œ๋™๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
10:52
has been wizards and prophets fighting each other, protesting each other
219
652607
3491
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ์™€ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ , ์‹œ์œ„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:56
rather than recognizing that they are, fundamentally, on the same side.
220
656122
3738
์„œ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ™์€ ํŽธ์ž„์„ ์ธ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์ •์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:59
After all, these people are concerned about the same thing:
221
659884
3407
๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
How are we going to make our way in the world of 10 billion?
222
663315
3597
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ 100์–ต ๋ช…์ด ์‚ด์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
11:06
The first step towards generating that necessary social movement,
223
666936
3134
ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์šด๋™์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š”
11:10
creating that critical mass and getting that yelling and screaming going
224
670094
3444
์ž„๊ณ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋„˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ์œผ๊ณ  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์™ธ์นจ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
11:13
seems obvious: wizards and prophets join together.
225
673562
2361
๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์–ธ์ž๋“ค์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
But how are you going to do this, given the decades of hostility?
226
675947
3150
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”, ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ์˜ ์ ๋Œ€๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ ?
11:19
One way might be this:
227
679121
1174
์ด๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
Each side agrees to accept the fundamental premises of the other.
228
680319
4349
์–‘ ์ธก ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ „์ œ์—๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
Accept that nuclear power is safe and carbon-free,
229
685837
3397
ํ•ต๋ฐœ์ „์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
11:29
and that uranium mines can be hideously dirty
230
689258
2547
์šฐ๋ผ๋Š„ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
11:31
and that putting large volumes of toxic waste on rickety trains
231
691829
4325
์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ์–‘์˜ ๋…์„ฑ ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ์„ ์‚๊ฑฑ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์— ์‹ค์–ด์„œ
11:36
and shuttling them around the countryside is a terrible idea.
232
696178
3007
์‹œ๊ณจ๋กœ ์šด์†กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋”์ฐํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:40
To me, this leads rather quickly to a vision of small,
233
700122
3533
์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งฃ๊ณ ,
11:43
neighborhood scale, temporary nukes,
234
703679
2668
์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ž„์‹œ์ ์ธ ํ•ต๋ฐœ์ „,
11:46
nuclear power as a bridge technology while we develop and deploy renewables.
235
706371
3620
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์žฌ์ƒ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ์ƒ์šฉํ™” ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ํ•ต๋ฐœ์ „์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
Or accept that genetically modified crops are safe
236
710015
3701
ํ˜น์€ ์œ ์ „์ž ๋ณ€ํ˜• ์ž‘๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ 
11:53
and that industrial agriculture has caused huge environmental problems.
237
713740
3691
์‚ฐ์—…์  ๋†์—…์ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ง€๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ผ์ณค๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
To me, this leads rather quickly to a vision of plant scientists
238
717455
4250
์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์‹๋ฌผ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด
12:01
devoting much more of their attention to tree and tuber crops,
239
721729
3147
๋‚˜๋ฌด์™€ ๋ฉ์ด์ค„๊ธฐ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์—ฌ
12:04
which can be much more productive than cereals,
240
724900
3008
๊ณก๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ ์€ ๋ฌผ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ 
12:07
use much less water than cereals, and cause much less erosion than cereals.
241
727932
3761
๊ณก๋ฌผ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์€ ํ† ์–‘์นจ์‹์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์ž‘๋ฌผ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์— ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
These are just ideas from a random journalist.
242
731717
2187
์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์ € ํ•œ ์ €๋„๋ฆฌ์ŠคํŠธ์˜ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
I'm sure there's a hundred better ones right here in this room.
243
733928
3054
์ด ๋ฐฉ์— ์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์กฑํžˆ ๋ฐฑ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋” ์žˆ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
The main point is,
244
737006
1151
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์€,
12:18
wizards and prophets working together have many paths to success.
245
738181
3999
๋งˆ๋ฒ•์‚ฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์˜ˆ์–ธ๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ฑ๊ณต์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ธธ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
And success would mean much more than mere survival,
246
742204
2672
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒ์กด ์ด์ƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
important though that is.
247
744900
1251
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:26
I mean, if humankind somehow survives its own outbreak,
248
746175
2985
์ œ ๋ง์€, ์ธ๊ฐ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์Šค์Šค๋กœ์˜ ์ด์ƒ๋ฐœ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:29
if we get food to everybody, get water to everybody,
249
749184
2442
๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์‹๋Ÿ‰๊ณผ ๋ฌผ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ 
12:31
get power to everybody,
250
751650
1157
๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:32
if we avoid the worst effects of climate change,
251
752831
4097
๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
12:36
if we somehow safeguard the biome,
252
756952
2059
๋งŒ์•ฝ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ์ƒ์žฌ๊ท ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
12:39
it would be amazing.
253
759035
1230
๊ทธ๊ฑด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
12:41
It would say, I think,
254
761405
1781
์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—”,
12:43
even to a hardened cynic like me,
255
763210
2159
์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํšŒ์˜์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋„,
12:45
maybe we really are special.
256
765393
1451
์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ํŠน๋ณ„ํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”.
12:47
Thank you.
257
767615
1151
๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
(Applause)
258
768790
7000
(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7