How I help free innocent people from prison | Ronald Sullivan

51,584 views ・ 2017-08-30

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Rita S Lee κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
So, imagine that you take a 19-hour, very long drive
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 19μ‹œκ°„λ™μ•ˆ
00:19
to Disney World,
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λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλžœλ“œλ‘œ
00:21
with two kids in the back seat.
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아이듀을 νƒœμš°κ³  μš΄μ „ν•΄μ„œ κ°„λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
00:24
And 15 minutes into this 19-hour trip,
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κ·Έ 19μ‹œκ°„μ˜ μ—¬ν–‰ λ™μ•ˆ 15λΆ„λ§ˆλ‹€
00:30
the immutable laws of nature dictate
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λΆˆλ³€μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 법칙에 따라
00:33
that you get the question:
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μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:35
"Are we there yet?"
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"아직도 λ©€μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?"
00:36
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
00:38
So you answer this question a hundred more times, easily,
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수백 번 더 이 μ‰½μ§€λ§Œ
00:41
in the negative,
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μ§œμ¦μ„žμΈ λŒ€λ‹΅μ„ ν•œ ν›„
00:43
but you finally arrive.
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λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλžœλ“œμ— λ„μ°©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
You have a wonderful, wonderful, wonderful trip.
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그리고 λ„ˆλ¬΄λ‚˜λ„ 멋지고 멋진 여행을 ν•œ ν›„
00:47
You drive 19 long hours back home.
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19μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ μš΄μ „ν•΄ μ§‘μœΌλ‘œ λŒμ•„μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
And when you get there,
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그리고 집에 λ„μ°©ν–ˆμ„ λ•Œ
00:54
the police are waiting on you.
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경찰이 당신을 기닀리고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
They accuse you of committing a crime
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당신이 ν”Œλ‘œλ¦¬λ‹€μ— μžˆμ„ λ•Œ λ°œμƒν•œ 범죄에 λŒ€ν•΄
00:59
that occurred while you were away in Florida.
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ 죄λ₯Ό λ¬»μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
You tell anybody and everybody who will listen,
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당신은 λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
"I didn't do it!
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"μ „ μ•ˆν–ˆμ–΄μš”!"
01:08
I couldn't have done it!
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"μ ˆλŒ€ λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€κ³ μš”!"
01:10
I was hanging out with Mickey and Minnie and my kids!"
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아이듀과 ν•¨κ»˜ λ―Έν‚€, λ―Έλ‹ˆ 마우슀λ₯Ό κ΅¬κ²½ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:14
But no one believes you.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λˆ„κ΅¬λ„ 믿지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
Ultimately, you're arrested,
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κ²°κ΅­ 당신은 κ΅¬μ†λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:19
you're tried,
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μž¬νŒμ •μ— μ„œκ²Œ 되고
01:20
you're convicted
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μœ μ£„νŒκ²°μ΄ 내렀지고
01:22
and you are sentenced.
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ν˜•μ΄ λ‚΄λ €μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:24
And you spend 25 years in jail,
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당신은 감μ˜₯μ—μ„œ 25년간을 λ³΄λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:28
until someone comes along and proves --
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그리고 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ 당신을 λ°©λ¬Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
has the evidence to prove --
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증거λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄μ£ .
01:34
that you actually were in Florida
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κ·Έ 범죄가 λ°œμƒν–ˆμ„ λ‹Ήμ‹œ
01:38
when this crime was committed.
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당신이 ν”Œλ‘œλ¦¬λ‹€μ— μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 증거λ₯Όμš”.
01:41
So.
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λ„€,
01:43
So, I'm a Harvard Law professor,
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μ €λŠ” ν•˜λ²„λ“œ λŒ€ν•™μ˜ 법학 κ΅μˆ˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
and the last several years, I have worked on
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그리고 μ§€λ‚œ λͺ‡λ…„κ°„
01:50
winning the release of innocent people
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잘λͺ»λœ μœ μ£„νŒκ²°μ΄ 내렀진 μ–΅μšΈν•œ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„ μœ„ν•΄
01:53
who've been wrongfully convicted --
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μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
people like Jonathan Fleming,
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μ‘°λ‚˜λ‹¨ ν”Œλ ˆλ°κ°™μ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ κ²½μš°μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
01:58
who spent 24 years, eight months in jail
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κ·ΈλŠ” 아이듀과 λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλžœλ“œμ— μžˆμ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ
02:01
for a murder that was committed in Brooklyn, New York,
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λ‰΄μš• λΈŒλ£¨ν΄λ¦°μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ μ‚΄μΈμ‚¬κ±΄μœΌλ‘œ
02:05
while he was in Disney World
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24λ…„ 8κ°œμ›”λ™μ•ˆ
02:09
with his kids.
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감μ˜₯에 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:10
How do we know this?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이 사건을 μ•Œκ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
02:12
Because when he was arrested,
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κ·Έκ°€ μ²΄ν¬λ˜μ—ˆμ„ λ‹Ήμ‹œ
02:15
among his property in his back pocket
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그의 λ’·μ£Όλ¨Έλ‹ˆ μ•ˆμ—
02:18
was a receipt --
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κ·Έκ°€ λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλžœλ“œμ— μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을
02:20
time-stamped receipt
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증λͺ…ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ΄ 찍힌 영수증이
02:22
that showed that he was in Disney World.
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μžˆμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
That receipt was put in the police file,
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κ·Έ μ˜μˆ˜μ¦μ€ κ²½μ°° 파일 μ•ˆμ— μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
02:29
a copy of it was put in the prosecutor's file,
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검사 λ˜ν•œ 그의 νŒŒμΌμ— ν•œ μž₯의 볡사본을 가지고 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
and they never gave it to his public defender.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν”Œλ ˆλ°μ”¨μ˜ κ΅­μ„ λ³€ν˜ΈμΈμ€ 받지 λͺ»ν–ˆμ£ .
02:35
In fact, nobody even knew it was there.
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사싀은 λˆ„κ΅¬λ„ κ·Έ 영수증의 쑴재λ₯Ό λͺ°λžμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:37
It just sat there for 20-some-odd years.
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κ·Έμ € 20λ…„ λ‚¨μ§“ν•œ μ„Έμ›” λ™μ•ˆ κ·Έ νŒŒμΌλ“€ μ•ˆμ— λ†“μ—¬μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
My team looked through the file, and we found it,
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저희 νŒ€μ€ κ·Έ νŒŒμΌλ“€μ„ μ£Όμ˜κΉŠμ— 훑어보고 μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
did the rest of the investigation,
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그리고 ν•„μš”ν•œ μˆ˜μ‚¬λ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν–ˆκ³ 
02:46
and figured out someone else committed the crime.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ λ‹€λ₯Έ 범인이 μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
Mr. Fleming was in Disney World,
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λ‹Ήμ‹œ ν”Œλ ˆλ°μ”¨λŠ” λ””μ¦ˆλ‹ˆλžœλ“œμ— μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:52
and he is now released.
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ν˜„μž¬ κ·ΈλŠ” μ„λ°©λœ μƒνƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
Let me give you a little bit of context.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ•½κ°„μ˜ λ°°κ²½ μ„€λͺ…을 λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
So about three years ago, I got a call from the Brooklyn District Attorney.
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μ•½ 3λ…„μ „, 브루클린의 지방 κ²€μ‚¬μ—κ²Œ ν•œ ν†΅μ˜ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό λ°›μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:01
He asked whether I'd be interested in designing a program
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"μœ μ£„ 선고건 κ²€ν†  νŒ€" 을 κ΅¬μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것에
03:05
called a "conviction review unit."
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ν₯λ―Έκ°€ μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ¬»λ”κ΅°μš”.
03:07
So I said yes.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
A conviction review unit is essentially a unit in a prosecutor's office
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μœ μ£„μ„ κ³  κ²€ν†  νŒ€μ€ κΈ°μ†Œκ²€μ‚¬λ“€μ΄
03:13
where prosecutors look at their past cases
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과거에 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό ν•œ 사건듀이 μžˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό
03:17
to determine whether or not they made mistakes.
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ν™•μΈν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ κΌ­ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
Over the course of the first year,
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첫 ν•΄μ˜ μ‹œλ„μ—μ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ”
03:22
we found about 13 wrongful convictions,
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13건의 잘λͺ»λœ μœ μ£„νŒκ²°μ„ μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
people having been in jail for decades,
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그듀은 수 μ‹­λ…„ κ°„ 감μ˜₯에 μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©°
03:28
and we released all of them.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그듀을 λͺ¨λ‘ μ„λ°©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:29
It was the most in New York history.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ λ‰΄μš•μ—μ„œ λ°œμƒν•œ μ‚¬κ±΄λ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
The program is still going on,
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ€ ν˜„μž¬λ„ μ§„ν–‰μ€‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
and they're up to 21 releases now --
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ν˜„μž¬κΉŒμ§€ 21λͺ…이 μ„λ°©λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
21 people who spent significant time behind bars.
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μ² μž₯ 속에 κ°–ν˜€ 였랜 μ‹œκ°„μ„ 보낸 21λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ„μš”.
03:42
So let me tell you about a couple other of the men and women
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이 ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ„ μ§„ν–‰ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ λ§Œλ‚œ
03:47
that I interacted with in the course of this program.
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ν•œ 남녀 μ»€ν”Œμ— λŒ€ν•œ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•΄λ“œλ¦¬μ£ .
03:50
One name is Roger Logan.
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그의 이름은 λ‘œμ € λ‘œκ±΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
Mr. Logan had been in jail 17 years
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λ‘œκ±΄μ€ 17λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 감μ˜₯에 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
and wrote me a letter.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ €μ—κ²Œ νŽΈμ§€λ₯Ό μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:58
It was a simple letter; it basically said,
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ꡉμž₯히 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ˜ νŽΈμ§€μ˜€μ£ ,
04:00
"Professor Sullivan, I'm innocent. I've been framed.
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"μ„€λ¦¬λ°˜ κ΅μˆ˜λ‹˜, μ €λŠ” κ²°λ°±ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€, λˆ„λͺ…을 μΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
Can you look at my case?"
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제 사건을 ν™•μΈν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”."
04:06
At first blush, the case seemed like it was open and shut,
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μ–Έλœ» 봀을 λ•ŒλŠ” λͺ…λ°±ν•΄ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” μ‚¬κ±΄μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
but my research had shown
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 연ꡬ에 λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄
04:12
that single-witness identification cases
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ν•œ λͺ…μ˜ λͺ©κ²©μžκ°€ μžˆλŠ” μ‚¬κ±΄μ˜ 경우
04:14
are prone to error.
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였λ₯˜κ°€ λ°œμƒν•  κ°€λŠ₯성이 ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
It doesn't mean he was innocent,
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κ·Έκ°€ λ¬΄μ£„μž„μ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•Šμ§€λ§Œ
04:19
it just means we ought to look a little bit closer at those cases.
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사건을 더 μžμ„Ένžˆ 봐야될 ν•„μš”μ„±μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:22
So we did.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ” κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
And the facts were relatively simple.
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μ‚¬μ‹€κ΄€κ³„λŠ” μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ λ‹¨μˆœν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
The eyewitness said she heard a shot,
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λͺ©κ²©μžλŠ” ν•œ 발의 총 μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό λ“€μ—ˆκ³ 
04:28
and she ran to the next building and turned around and looked,
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μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚¬λ˜ 건물둜 달렀가 μ£Όμœ„λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ
04:31
and there was Mr. Logan.
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둜건이 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  μ¦μ–Έν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:34
And he was tried and convicted and in jail for 17-some-odd years.
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λ‘œκ±΄μ€ 재판 ν›„ 17λ…„ 남짓 감μ˜₯에 μˆ˜κ°λ˜μ–΄μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
But it was a single-witness case, so we took a look at it.
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이 ν•œ λͺ…μ˜ λͺ©κ²©μžκ°€ μžˆλŠ” 사건을 μ €ν¬λŠ” μžμ„Ένžˆ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ°λ‘œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
I sent some people to the scene, and there was an inconsistency.
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λͺ‡λͺ…을 κ·Έ 사건 ν˜„μž₯에 보내 쑰사해본 κ²°κ³Ό ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ λͺ¨μˆœμ μ„ ν™•μΈν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
And to put it politely:
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μ‰½κ²Œ μ„€λͺ…을 λ“œλ¦¬μžλ©΄
04:49
Usain Bolt couldn't have run from where she said she was
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μš°μ‚¬μΈ λ³ΌνŠΈμ‘°μ°¨λ„ κ·Έ λͺ©κ²©μžμ²˜λŸΌ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ κ³³μ—μ„œ
04:53
to the other spot.
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μ‚¬κ±΄ν˜„μž₯으둜 λ‹¬λ €κ°ˆ 수 없을 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:54
Right?
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κ·Έλ ‡μ£ ?
04:55
So we knew that wasn't true.
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μ΄λŠ” 사싀이 μ•„λ‹˜μ„ ν™•μΈν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:58
So it still didn't mean that he didn't do it,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것이 둜건의 무죄λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜μ§€λŠ” μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:00
but we knew something was maybe fishy about this witness.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 무언가 μˆ˜μƒν•œ 점이 이 λͺ©κ²©μžμ—κ²Œ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:05
So we looked through the file,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ” μ‚¬κ±΄νŒŒμΌμ„ μžμ„Ένžˆ ν™•μΈν–ˆκ³ 
05:07
a piece of paper in the file had a number on it.
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κ·Έ μ•ˆμ—μ„œ ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ μˆ«μžκ°€ 써 μžˆλŠ” 쒅이λ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
The number indicated that this witness had a record.
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κ·Έ λͺ©κ²©μžκ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 기둝을 가지고 μžˆμŒμ„ λ§ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” μˆ«μžμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
We went back through 20 years of non-digitized papers
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μ €ν¬λŠ” 20λ…„ μ „μ˜ 디지털화 λ˜μ§€μ•Šμ€ μ„œλ₯˜λ“€μ„ μ°Ύμ•„
05:16
to figure out what this record was about,
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κ·Έ 기둝이 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•˜λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:19
and it turned out -- it turned out --
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그리고 λ°ν˜€μ§„ 것은...
05:21
the eyewitness was in jail
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본인이 봀던 사싀듀을 μ¦μ–Έν–ˆμ„ λ‹Ήμ‹œ κ·Έ λͺ©κ²©μžλŠ”
05:25
when she said she saw what she saw.
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감μ˜₯에 μžˆμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
The man spent 17 years behind bars.
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λ‘œκ±΄μ€ 17λ…„κ°„ μ² μž₯ 속에 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:33
The last one is a case about two boys,
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 사건은 두 μ†Œλ…„μ— κ΄€ν•œ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:38
Willie Stuckey, David McCallum.
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그듀은 윌리 μŠ€ν„°ν‚€μ™€ 데이빗 λ§₯μΊ˜λŸΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:40
They were arrested at 15,
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그듀은 15μ‚΄ λ•Œ μ²΄ν¬λ˜μ—ˆκ³ 
05:43
and their conviction was vacated 29 years later.
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29λ…„ ν›„ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μœ μ£„νŒκ²°μ€ λ¬΄νš¨ν™”λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:48
Now this was a case,
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이 사건은
05:50
once again -- first blush, it looked open and shut.
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또 ν•œλ²ˆ μ–Έλœ»λ³΄κΈ°μ— λͺ…λ°±ν•΄λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
They had confessed.
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그듀은 μžλ°±μ„ ν–ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
But my research showed that juvenile confessions
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 제 μ—°κ΅¬λŠ” λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜ λ™μ˜μ—†λŠ”
05:58
without a parent present
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μ²­μ†Œλ…„ 자백의 경우
05:59
are prone to error.
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였λ₯˜μ˜ κ°€λŠ₯성이 ν¬λ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
The DNA cases proved this several times.
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DNA μΌ€μ΄μŠ€λ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬ 번 증λͺ…λœ μ‚¬μ‹€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
So we took a close look.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €ν¬λŠ” 이 μΌ€μ΄μŠ€λ₯Ό μžμ„Ένžˆ 보기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
We looked at the confession,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μžλ°±μ„ ν™•μΈν–ˆκ³ 
06:07
and it turned out,
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κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό
06:08
there was something in the confession
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κ·Έ μ†Œλ…„λ“€μ΄ μ ˆλŒ€ μ•Œ 수 μ—†μ—ˆμ„ 무엇인가가
06:10
that those boys could not have known.
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κ·Έ 자백 μ•ˆμ— λ‹΄κ²¨μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
The only people who knew it were police and prosecutors.
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κ²½μ°°κ³Ό κ²€μ‚¬λ§Œ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆλ˜ μ‚¬μ‹€μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:15
We knew what really happened;
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 무엇이 μΌμ–΄λ‚¬μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
someone told them to say this.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ μ•„μ΄λ“€μ—κ²Œ 이것듀을 λ§ν•˜λΌκ³  ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:19
We don't exactly know who,
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λˆ„κ°€ μ‹œμΌ°λŠ”μ§€λŠ” λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:20
which person did,
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06:22
but any rate, the confession was coerced,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ μžλ°±μ€ κ°•μ œμ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄λ£¨μ–΄μ‘Œμ„ 것이라고
06:25
we determined.
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μ €ν¬λŠ” ν™•μ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
We then went back and did forensics
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그리고 μ €ν¬λŠ” λ‹€μ‹œ λŒμ•„κ°€ ν¬λ Œμ‹ μˆ˜μ‚¬μ™€
06:29
and did a fulsome investigation
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μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ 쑰사λ₯Ό ν•˜μ˜€κ³ 
06:30
and found that two other,
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그리고 더 λ‚˜μ΄κ°€ 많고, λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹ μž₯을 가진
06:32
much older, different heights, different hairstyle,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 머리 λͺ¨μ–‘μ˜ 두 λͺ…이 λ²”μΈμž„μ„ μ•Œμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
two other people committed the crime,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μš©μ˜μžλ“€μ΄ 범죄λ₯Ό μ €μ§ˆλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:37
not these two boys.
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이듀이 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:39
I actually went to court that day,
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έ λ‚  법정에 κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
for what's called a "vacatur hearing,"
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μœ μ£„νŒκ²°μ΄ λ¬΄νš¨κ°€ λ˜λŠ”
06:44
where the conviction is thrown out.
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"λ¬΄νš¨μ„ μ–Έ νŒμ •"에 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄μ„œμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
I went to court; I wanted to see
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법정에 κ°€μ„œ 직접
06:49
Mr. McCallum walk out of there.
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λ§₯μΊ˜λŸΌμ”¨κ°€ κ±Έμ–΄λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ” 것을 λ³΄κ³ μ‹Άμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
So I went to court,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 법정에 κ°”κ³ 
06:52
and the judge said something that judges say all the time,
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μž¬νŒκ΄€λ“€μ΄ 늘 λ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” νŒκ²°μ„ λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
but this took on a really special meaning.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄λ²ˆμ—λŠ” νŠΉλ³„ν•œ 의미λ₯Ό κ°€μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
He looked up after the arguments and said,
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λͺ‡λͺ‡μ˜ λ…ΌμŸκ³Ό λ³€λ‘  ν›„ μž¬νŒκ΄€μ€ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
"Mr. McCallum,"
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"λ§₯μΊ˜λŸΌμ”¨"
07:02
he said five beautiful words:
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그리고 λ‹€μ„― λ§ˆλ””μ˜ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ“€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
"You are free to go."
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"당신은 이제 집에 가도 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
07:10
Can you imagine?
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μƒμƒν•˜μ‹€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:11
After just about 30 years:
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30λ…„ ν›„μ˜
07:15
"You are free to go."
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"당신은 이제 집에 가도 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€."
07:18
And he walked out of that courtroom.
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그리고 κ·ΈλŠ” 법정을 κ±Έμ–΄λ‚˜κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:21
Unfortunately, his codefendant, Mr. Stuckey,
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λΆˆν–‰ν•˜κ²Œλ„ 곡동피고인인 μŠ€ν„°ν‚€μ”¨λŠ”
07:24
didn't get the benefit of that.
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ν•¨κ»˜ ν•  수 μ—†μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:27
You see, Mr. Stuckey died in prison
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μŠ€ν„°ν‚€μ”¨λŠ” 34μ‚΄μ˜ λ‚˜μ΄μ—
07:30
at 34 years old,
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감μ˜₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:32
and his mother sat at counsel table in his place.
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λ³€ν˜ΈμΈμ„μ— 그의 μžλ¦¬μ—λŠ” 그의 μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ°€ 앉아 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:36
I'll never forget this the rest of my life.
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έ μˆœκ°„μ„ μ ˆλŒ€ μžŠμ„ 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:39
She just rocked at the table, saying,
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그의 μ–΄λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” ν…Œμ΄λΈ”μ„ 치며 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
"I knew my baby didn't do this.
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"제 아이가 ν•˜μ§€μ•Šμ•˜μŒμ„ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:44
I knew my baby didn't do this."
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"제 아이가 ν•˜μ§€μ•Šμ•˜μŒμ„ μ•Œκ³  μžˆμ—ˆμ–΄μš”."
07:46
And her baby didn't do this.
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λ„€, κ·Έλ…€μ˜ μ•„μ΄λŠ” ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
Two other guys did it.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 두λͺ…μ˜ μ†Œλ…„λ“€μ΄ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:50
If there's anything that we've learned, anything that I've learned,
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저와 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ΄ 이 μœ μ£„νŒκ²°μ˜ 진싀을 μ°ΎλŠ” μΌμ—μ„œ 배운 것은
07:54
with this conviction integrity work,
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07:57
it's that justice doesn't happen.
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μ •μ˜λŠ” μ ˆλŒ€ κ·Έλƒ₯ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
People make justice happen.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:08
Justice is not a thing that just descends from above
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μ •μ˜λŠ” 단지 μœ„μ—μ„œ 내렀와
08:12
and makes everything right.
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λͺ¨λ“  것을 옳게 ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:14
If it did, Mr. Stuckey wouldn't have died in prison.
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κ·Έλž¬λ‹€λ©΄ μŠ€ν„°ν‚€μ”¨λŠ” 감μ˜₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κ² μ£ .
08:19
Justice is something
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μ •μ˜λž€ μ„ μ˜λ₯Ό 가진 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
that people of goodwill make happen.
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08:25
Justice is a decision.
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μ •μ˜λž€ κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:32
Justice is a decision.
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μ •μ˜λž€ κ²°μ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:35
We make justice happen.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ •μ˜λ‘­κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:38
You know, the scary thing is,
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λ¬΄μ„œμš΄ 사싀은
08:40
in each of these three cases I described,
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μ œκ°€ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦° 각각의 사건듀 μ•ˆμ—μ„œ
08:42
it would have only taken just an extra minute --
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λͺ‡ λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„λ§Œ λ“€μ—¬
08:45
an extra minute --
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단지 λͺ‡ λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„λ§Œ λ“€μ—¬
08:46
for someone to look through the file
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ κ·Έ νŒŒμΌμ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ³ 
08:49
and find this receipt.
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μ˜μˆ˜μ¦μ„ λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄ 이런 비극은 μ—†μ—ˆκ² μ£ .
08:51
Just one -- to look through the file, find the receipt,
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단지 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ ν•œ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ κ·Έ νŒŒμΌμ„, μ˜μˆ˜μ¦μ„ λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄
08:55
give it to the public defender.
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그리고 κ΅­μ„ λ³€ν˜ΈμΈμ—κ²Œ μ£Όμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄
08:58
It would have taken someone just a minute
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단 1뢄이라도 λ“€μ—¬
09:01
to look at the video confession and say, "That cannot be."
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ κ·Έ 자백 μ˜μƒμ„ 보고 "말도 μ•ˆλΌ!" 라고 λ§ν–ˆλ‹€λ©΄μš”.
09:06
Just a minute.
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단 1λΆ„λ§Œ 봀으면
09:09
And perhaps Mr. Stuckey would be alive today.
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μŠ€ν„°ν‚€μ”¨λŠ” μ‚΄μ•„μžˆμ—ˆμ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:13
It reminds me of one of my favorite poems.
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μ œκ°€ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°€ μƒκ°λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:16
It's a poem that Benjamin Elijah Mays would always recite,
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벀자민 μ—˜λ¦¬μ•Ό 맀이슀의 μ‹œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:20
and he called it "God's Minute."
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"God's Minute" μ΄λΌλŠ” 제λͺ©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:22
And it goes something like this:
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이 μ‹œλŠ”
09:24
"I have only just a minute,
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"λ‚˜λŠ” 단지 1뢄을 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
09:26
only 60 seconds in it,
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κ·Έ μ•ˆμ—λŠ” 60μ΄ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€,
09:28
forced upon me, can't refuse it,
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κ±°λΆ€ν•  수 μ—†λŠ”
09:30
didn't seek it, didn't choose it.
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μ›ν•˜μ§€λ„, μ„ νƒν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šμ€ μ‹œκ°„.
09:33
But it's up to me to use it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이 μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ €μ—κ²Œ λ‹¬λ €μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:34
I must suffer if I lose it, give account if I abuse it.
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λ§Œμ•Ό 이 μ‹œκ°„μ„ μžƒλŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ 괴둜울 것이고 λ‚¨μš©ν•œλ‹€λ©΄ 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ„€λͺ…ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:38
Just a tiny little minute,
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정말 μž‘μ€ 1λΆ„
09:41
but eternity is in it."
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ μ•ˆμ— 'μ˜μ›'이 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:45
If I were to charge
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ ν•œλͺ… ν•œλͺ…μ—κ²Œ
09:47
each and every one of us,
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ‹€λ©΄
09:49
I would want to say something like,
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λΆ€νƒλ“œλ¦¬κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:53
"Every day,
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"맀일
09:55
every day,
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맀일
09:57
take just one extra minute
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단 1λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„
10:01
and do some justice.
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μ •μ˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μ¨λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
10:04
You don't have to --
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³ 
10:06
I mean, some people spend their careers and their lives,
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μ§μ—…μ΄λ‚˜ 인생을 λ°”μΉ˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ˜λΌλŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:10
like public defenders,
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맀일 μ •μ˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•΄ μΌν•˜λŠ”
10:11
doing justice every day.
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κ΅­μ„ λ³€ν˜Έμ‚¬κ°™μ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ²˜λŸΌμš”.
10:14
But in your professional lives, whatever you do,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 무슨 일을 ν•˜μ‹œλ˜ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μΌν•˜λŠ” κ·Έ κ³³μ—μ„œ
10:16
take time out
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μ‹œκ°„μ„ λ‚΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
10:18
to just
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μ •μ˜λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ
10:20
do some justice.
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짧은 μ‹œκ°„μ„μš”.
10:21
Make a colleague feel better.
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λ™λ£Œλ“€μ˜ 더 ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ 삢을 μœ„ν•΄ λ„μ™€μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
10:23
If you hear something that's sexist,
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성차별적인 이야기λ₯Ό λ“£λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄
10:27
don't laugh, speak up.
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κ·Έλƒ₯ 웃어 λ„˜κΈ°μ§€λ§ˆμ‹œκ³  λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ˜κ²¬μ„ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:30
If someone is down, lift them up,
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ μš°μšΈν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆλ‹€λ©΄, νž˜μ„ μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
10:32
one extra minute each day,
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맀일 단 λͺ‡λΆ„을 μ¨μ„œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€λ©΄
10:36
and it'll be a great, great place.
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더 λ‚˜μ€ ν–‰λ³΅ν•œ 곡간이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:38
I want to show you something.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ³  싢은 것이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:41
Now, above me is a picture
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제 μœ„μ— μžˆλŠ” 사진 ν•œ μž₯은
10:44
of David McCallum.
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데이빗 λ§₯μΊ˜λŸΌμ”¨ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:47
This is the day he was released from prison.
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감μ˜₯μ—μ„œ κ·Έκ°€ μ„λ°©λœ λ‚  찍은 μ‚¬μ§„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:50
After 30 years, he got to hug a niece
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30λ…„ ν›„ κ·ΈλŠ” ν•œ λ²ˆλ„ λ§Œμ Έλ³΄μ§€λ„ λͺ»ν•œ
10:53
he had never been able to touch before.
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그의 μ‘°μΉ΄λ₯Ό μ•ˆμ„ 수 있게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:57
And I asked him then,
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κ·Έμ—κ²Œ μ €λŠ” λ¬Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:59
I said, "What's the first thing you want to do?"
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"석방 ν›„ 처음으둜 ν•˜κ³  싢은 일이 λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μš”?"
11:02
And he said, "I just want to walk on the sidewalk
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"κ·Έλƒ₯ λˆ„κ΅¬μ—κ²Œλ„ 간섭받지 μ•Šκ³ 
11:04
without anybody telling me where to go."
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길거리λ₯Ό κ±Έμ–΄λ³΄κ³ μ‹Άμ–΄μš”." κ·ΈλŠ” λŒ€λ‹΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
Wasn't bitter,
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큰 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:09
just wanted to walk on the sidewalk.
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단지 길거리λ₯Ό κ±·κ³ μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:11
I spoke to Mr. McCallum about two weeks ago.
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λ§₯μΊ˜λŸΌμ”¨μ™€ μ•½ 이 μ£Όμ „ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ΄μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:15
I went to New York.
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μ €λŠ” λ‰΄μš•μ— κ°”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:16
It was on the two-year anniversary
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κ·Έ 날은 그의 석방
11:19
of his release.
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2μ£Όλ…„ κΈ°λ…μΌμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:21
And we talked,
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ΄μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:22
we laughed, we hugged, we cried.
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ν•¨κ»˜ 웃고, ν¬μ˜Ήμ„ λ‚˜λˆ„μ—ˆμœΌλ©° 또 μšΈμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:25
And he's doing quite well.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μƒλ‹Ήνžˆ 잘 지내고 있고
11:28
And one of the things he said when we met with him
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λ˜ν•œ κ·ΈλŠ” λ§ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”.
11:31
is that he now has dedicated his life
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μžμ‹ μ˜ μ‚Άκ³Ό 컀리어λ₯Ό μ •μ˜λ‘­μ§€ μ•Šκ²Œ
11:35
and his career
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κ΅λ„μ†Œμ— 수감된 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄
11:36
to ensuring that nobody else is locked up unjustly.
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μ—†λŠ” 세상을 μœ„ν•΄ λ°”μΉ˜κ² λ‹€κ³ μš”.
11:41
Justice, my friends,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€, μ •μ˜λž€
11:45
is a decision.
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'κ²°μ •'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:47
Thank you very much.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:48
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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