Samantha Power: Shaking hands with the devil

155,877 views ใƒป 2008-11-12

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jeongyob Park ๊ฒ€ํ† : Dae-won Jeong
00:18
I spent the better part of a decade
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ 10๋…„๋™์•ˆ
00:21
looking at American responses to mass atrocity and genocide.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ž”ํ˜นํ–‰์œ„์™€ ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋Œ€์‘์„ ์ง€์ผœ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
And I'd like to start by sharing with you one moment
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋Š ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
00:33
that to me sums up what there is to know
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์ž”ํ˜นํ–‰์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ๋Œ€์‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:36
about American and democratic responses to mass atrocity.
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์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
And that moment came on April 21, 1994.
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๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์€ 1994๋…„ 4์›” 21์ผ์— ์ฐพ์•„ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:45
So 14 years ago, almost, in the middle of the Rwandan genocide,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ 14๋…„ ์ „, ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์ด ํ•œ์ฐฝ์ผ ๋•Œ๋กœ,
00:49
in which 800,000 people would be systematically exterminated
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80๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์ผ๋‹จ์˜ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ฏผ๋ณ‘๋Œ€์— ์˜ํ•ด
00:54
by the Rwandan government and some extremist militia.
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์กฐ์ง์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ์‚ด๋‹นํ–ˆ์ฃ .
00:59
On April 21, in the New York Times,
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4์›” 21์ผ, ๋‰ด์š•ํƒ€์ž„์ฆˆ๋Š”
01:03
the paper reported that somewhere between 200,000 and 300,000 people
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20๋งŒ๋ช…์—์„œ 30๋งŒ๋ช… ์ •๋„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
01:06
had already been killed in the genocide.
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์ด๋ฏธ ํ•™์‚ด๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณด๋„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
It was in the paper -- not on the front page.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ--1๋ฉด์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜€์ฃ .
01:12
It was a lot like the Holocaust coverage,
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๋‚˜์น˜์˜ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณด๋„ํ–‰ํƒœ์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น„์Šทํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
01:14
it was buried in the paper.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋“ค์†์— ๋ฌปํ˜€ ๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
Rwanda itself was not seen as newsworthy,
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์Šค๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜€๊ณ ,
01:18
and amazingly, genocide itself was not seen as newsworthy.
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๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„, ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด ์ž์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋‰ด์Šค๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
But on April 21, a wonderfully honest moment occurred.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 4์›” 21์ผ, ์ •๋ง ์ง„์†”ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
And that was that an American congresswoman
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฝœ๋กœ๋ผ๋„ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ•˜์›์˜์›
01:29
named Patricia Schroeder from Colorado
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ํŒจํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ƒค ์Šˆ๋กœ๋”๊ฐ€
01:31
met with a group of journalists.
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๊ธฐ์ž๋‹จ๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
And one of the journalists said to her, what's up?
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ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜์›์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:37
What's going on in the U.S. government?
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๋„๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋‚ด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
01:39
Two to 300,000 people have just been exterminated
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2~30๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ช‡์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ
01:41
in the last couple of weeks in Rwanda.
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์—์„œ ํ•™์‚ด๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:43
It's two weeks into the genocide at that time,
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๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ํ•™์‚ด์ด 2์ฃผ์งธ๋กœ ์ ‘์–ด ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
01:45
but of course, at that time you don't know how long it's going to last.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•™์‚ด์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์†๋ ์ง€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์ฃ .
01:48
And the journalist said, why is there so little response out of Washington?
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๊ธฐ์ž๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค "์™œ ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด ๋Œ€์‘์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:53
Why no hearings, no denunciations,
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์™œ ์ฒญ๋ฌธํšŒ๋„ ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๋‚œ ์„ฑ๋ช…๋„ ์—†๊ณ ,
01:56
no people getting arrested in front of the Rwandan embassy
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ด€์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฑ์•…๊ด€ ์•ž์—์„œ
01:59
or in front of the White House? What's the deal?
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์ฒดํฌ๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์—†์ฃ ? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋œ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?"
02:03
And she said -- she was so honest -- she said, "It's a great question.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ž ๊ทธ ์˜์›์ด - ์ •๋ง ์†”์งํ–ˆ์—ˆ์ฃ  - ๋งํ•˜๊ธธ, "์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
All I can tell you is that in my congressional office in Colorado
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€์š”. ์ฝœ๋กœ๋ผ๋„์™€ ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์— ์žˆ๋Š”
02:12
and my office in Washington,
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์ œ ์˜์› ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ
02:14
we're getting hundreds and hundreds of calls
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์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์˜ ์œ ์ธ์›๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ฆด๋ผ ์ˆซ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
02:17
about the endangered ape and gorilla population in Rwanda,
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์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ํ†ต ์”ฉ ๊ฑธ๋ ค์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
but nobody is calling about the people.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
The phones just aren't ringing about the people."
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ „ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์—†์–ด์š”."
02:28
And the reason I give you this moment is there's a deep truth in it.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์‹ฌ์˜คํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
And that truth is, or was, in the 20th century,
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๊ทธ ์ง„์‹ค์ด๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์€ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์—
02:37
that while we were beginning to develop endangered species movements,
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๋ฉธ์ข…์œ„๊ธฐ์ข…์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด๋™์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋์ง€๋งŒ,
02:42
we didn't have an endangered people's movement.
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์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด๋™์€ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
We had Holocaust education in the schools.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
Most of us were groomed not only on images of nuclear catastrophe,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ํ•ต์žฌ์•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
02:52
but also on images and knowledge of the Holocaust.
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์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์™€ ์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ต์œก ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
02:57
There's a museum, of course, on the Mall in Washington,
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด ๋ชฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ปจ๊ณผ ์ œํผ์Šจ ๋™์ƒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†
03:00
right next to Lincoln and Jefferson.
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๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—๋„ ์žˆ์ง€์š”.
03:02
I mean, we have owned Never Again culturally,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌธํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ,
03:06
appropriately, interestingly.
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์ ์ ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ํฅ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
And yet the politicization of Never Again,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•„์ง '์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค'์˜ ์ •์น˜ํ™”์™€
03:14
the operationalization of Never Again,
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์กฐ์ž‘ํ™”๋Š”
03:16
had never occurred in the 20th century.
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
And that's what that moment with Patricia Schroeder I think shows:
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํŒจํŠธ๋ฆฌ์ƒค ์Šˆ๋กœ๋”์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
03:22
that if we are to bring about an end to the world's worst atrocities,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ž”ํ˜นํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
03:29
we have to make it such.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
There has to be a role --
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์—ญํ• ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ --
03:33
there has to be the creation of political noise and political costs
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์ •์น˜์  ๋…ผ์Ÿ๊ณผ ์ •์น˜์  ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
in response to massive crimes against humanity, and so forth.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
03:39
So that was the 20th century.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
Now here -- and this will be a relief to you at this point in the afternoon --
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜คํ›„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๊ณ„์‹œ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“คํ•œํ…Œ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€--
03:45
there is good news, amazing news, in the 21st century,
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21์„ธ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ข‹์€, ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๋‰ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”,
03:49
and that is that, almost out of nowhere, there has come into being
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด ์šด๋™ ๋ฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด ์ง€์ง€์ธต์ด
03:56
an anti-genocide movement, an anti-genocide constituency,
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์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
03:59
and one that looks destined, in fact, to be permanent.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์˜์†๋  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
It grew up in response to the atrocities in Darfur.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅดํ‘ธ๋ฅด(์ˆ˜๋‹จ ์„œ๋ถ€์˜ ์ฃผ ์ด๋ฆ„) ์—์„œ์˜ ์ž”ํ˜นํ–‰์œ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
It is comprised of students. There are something like 300 anti-genocide chapters
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์›์ธ๋ฐ์š”. ์ „๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์บ ํผ์Šค์— ์•ฝ 300๊ฐœ์˜
04:12
on college campuses around the country.
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๋ฐ˜ํ•™์‚ด ์ง€๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
It's bigger than the anti-apartheid movement.
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๋ฐ˜์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„ ์šด๋™๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
There are something like 500 high school chapters
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๋˜ํ•œ ์•ฝ 500๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณ ๋“ฑํ•™๊ต ์ง€๋ถ€๊ฐ€
04:21
devoted to stopping the genocide in Darfur.
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๋‹ค๋ฅดํ‘ธ๋ฅด์˜ ํ•™์‚ด์„ ์ข…์‹์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Evangelicals have joined it. Jewish groups have joined it.
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๋ณต์Œ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน๋„ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
"Hotel Rwanda" watchers have joined it. It is a cacophonous movement.
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ํ˜ธํ…” ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค(๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ๋‚ด์ „์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜ํ™”) ๊ด€๋žŒ๊ฐ๋“ค๋„ ๋™์ฐธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์‹œ๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ์šด๋™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
To call it a movement, as with all movements, perhaps, is a little misleading.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ์•ˆํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์šด๋™์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์†Œ ์˜คํ•ด์˜ ์†Œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
It's diverse. It's got a lot of different approaches.
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๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
It's got all the ups and the downs of movements.
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์‚ฌํšŒ์šด๋™๋“ค์˜ ์„ฑ์‡ ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:40
But it has been amazingly successful in one regard,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ๋งŒํผ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์ธ๋ฐ,
04:44
in that it has become,
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๊ทธ ์ ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
04:46
it has congealed into this endangered people's movement
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์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์šด๋™์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
04:49
that was missing in the 20th century.
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20์„ธ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
04:51
It sees itself, such as it is, the it,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž์‹ ์„, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
04:54
as something that will create the impression that there will be political cost,
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์ •์น˜์  ๋น„์šฉ์ด๋‚˜, ์ •์น˜์  ๋Œ“๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฏํ•œ
04:59
there will be a political price to be paid,
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์ธ์ƒ์„ ์‹ฌ์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์กด์žฌ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
05:02
for allowing genocide, for not having an heroic imagination,
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ํ•™์‚ด์„ ์šฉ์ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์˜์›…์  ์ƒ์ƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
05:06
for not being an upstander but for being, in fact, a bystander.
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์ง€์ง€์„ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐฉ๊ด€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:10
Now because it's student-driven,
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๊ทธ ์šด๋™์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
05:14
there's some amazing things that the movement has done.
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๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ๋“ค์„ ์ด๋ค„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:16
They have launched a divestment campaign
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ์‹๋งค๊ฐ ์šด๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:18
that has now convinced, I think, 55 universities in 22 states
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ 22๊ฐœ์ฃผ 55๊ฐœ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์„ค๋“์‹œ์ผœ
05:22
to divest their holdings of stocks
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์ˆ˜๋‹จ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ฃผ์‹๋“ค์„
05:24
with regard to companies doing business in Sudan.
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๋งค๊ฐํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
They have a 1-800-GENOCIDE number --
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๋˜ 1-800-GENOCIDE๋ผ๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ--
05:30
this is going to sound very kitsch,
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๋ณ„๋กœ ๊ณ ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง„ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
05:32
but for those of you who may not be, I mean, may be apolitical,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘์— ์ •์น˜์—๋Š” ๋ณ„ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์—†์–ด๋„,
05:36
but interested in doing something about genocide,
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ํ•™์‚ด์— ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€
05:38
you dial 1-800-GENOCIDE and you type in your zip code,
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1-800-GENOCIDE์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์šฐํŽธ๋ฒˆํ˜ธ๋งŒ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜๋ฉด ๋˜๊ตฌ์š”
05:41
and you don't even have to know who your congressperson is.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ํ•„์š”๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
It will refer you directly to your congressperson, to your U.S. senator,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ฃผ์‹๋งค๊ฐ ์ž…๋ฒ•์ด ์ง€์—ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ฃผ ์ถœ์‹ ์˜ ํ•˜์›์˜์›, ์ƒ์›์˜์›,
05:47
to your governor where divestment legislation is pending.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ง€์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
They've lowered the transaction costs of stopping genocide.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
I think the most innovative thing they've introduced recently
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€
05:57
are genocide grades.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด ๋“ฑ๊ธ‰์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
And it takes students to introduce genocide grades.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•™์‚ด ์ ์ˆ˜์ œ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
So what you now have when a Congress is in session
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์š”์ฆ˜์€ ๊ตญํšŒ๊ฐ€ ํšŒ๊ธฐ์ค‘์ผ๋•Œ
06:06
is members of Congress calling up these 19-year-olds or 24-year-olds
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๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์ด ์ด 19์‚ด ๋˜๋Š” 24์‚ด ๋จน์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ
06:11
and saying, I'm just told I have a D minus on genocide;
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'๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด D๋งˆ์ด๋„ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:14
what do I do to get a C? I just want to get a C. Help me.
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C๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ญ˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‹ˆ. ๋‚œ C๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ. ๋‚  ์ข€ ๋„์™€์ค˜.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
And the students and the others
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋†€๋ผ์šธ ๋งŒํผ ์—ด์ •์ ์ธ
06:20
who are part of this incredibly energized base
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์— ์†ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
06:22
are there to answer that, and there's always something to do.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ, ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:26
Now, what this movement has done is it has extracted from the Bush administration
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์ด ์šด๋™์ด ์„ฑ์ทจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‹œํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ,
06:31
from the United States,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ,
06:33
at a time of massive over-stretch -- military, financial, diplomatic --
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๊ตฐ์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋‚˜ ์žฌ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜ํ•œ ์™ธ๊ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐ๋‹นํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์—
06:38
a whole series of commitments to Darfur
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๋‹ค๋ฅดํ‘ธ๋ฅด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์•ฝ์†๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค ์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:40
that no other country in the world is making.
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
For instance, the referral of the crimes in Darfur
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅดํ‘ธ๋ฅด์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋“ค์„
06:45
to the International Criminal Court,
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๊ตญ์žฌํ˜•์‚ฌ์žฌํŒ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ
06:47
which the Bush administration doesn't like.
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๋ถ€์‹œํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
06:49
The expenditure of 3 billion dollars in refugee camps to try to keep,
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์ˆ˜๋‹จ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์†Œ์œ„ '์ž”์ž์œ„๋“œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏผ๋ณ‘๋Œ€์— ์˜ํ•ด
06:53
basically, the people who've been displaced from their homes
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๊ณ ํ–ฅ์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„
06:55
by the Sudanese government, by the so-called Janjaweed, the militia,
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๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ณ 
06:58
to keep those people alive
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์ข€ ๋” ํ•ญ๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
07:00
until something more durable can be achieved.
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๋‚œ๋ฏผ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ์— 3์‹ญ์–ต๋ถˆ์„ ์ง€์ถœํ•œ ์ผ.
07:04
And recently, or now not that recently,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์—, ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ตœ๊ทผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:06
about six months ago, the authorization of a peacekeeping force
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์•ฝ 6๊ฐœ์›”์ „, 2๋งŒ 6์ฒœ๋ช…์˜ ํ‰ํ™”์œ ์ง€๊ตฐ
07:09
of 26,000 that will go.
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ํŒŒ๋ณ‘์„ ์Šน์ธํ•œ ์ผ.
07:11
And that's all the Bush administration's leadership,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ€์‹œ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ฉฐ
07:13
and it's all because of this bottom-up pressure
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์••๋ ฅ๊ณผ
07:15
and the fact that the phones haven't stopped ringing
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์ด ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ด๋ž˜ ๋Š์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์šธ๋ ธ๋˜
07:18
from the beginning of this crisis.
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์ „ํ™”๋“ค ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
The bad news, however, to this question of will evil prevail,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•…์ด ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์€
07:23
is that evil lives on.
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์•…์ด ๊ณ„์† ์‚ด์•„ ๋‚จ์œผ๋ฆฌ๋ž€ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
The people in those camps are surrounded on all sides
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๋‚œ๋ฏผ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
07:29
by so-called Janjaweed, these men on horseback
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์ฐฝ๊ณผ ์นผ๋ผ์‰ฌ๋‹ˆ์ฝ”ํ”„(AK-47 ์ž๋™์†Œ์ด)๋กœ ๋ฌด์žฅํ•˜๊ณ 
07:31
with spears and Kalashnikovs.
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๋ง์— ํƒ„ ์†Œ์œ„ '์ž”์ž์œ„๋“œ'๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ธ์—ฌ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:33
Women who go to get firewood in order to heat the humanitarian aid
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์ธ๋„์  ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋œ ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด --
07:37
in order to feed their families -- humanitarian aid,
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ง€์› ์‹๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋จน์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ ์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
07:40
the dirty secret of it is it has to be heated, really, to be edible --
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์ด ์ง€์› ์‹๋Ÿ‰์˜ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ์ง„์‹ค์€, ๋ฅํ˜€์•ผ๋งŒ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.--
07:43
are themselves subjected to rape,
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๋•”๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์„ฑํญํ–‰์„ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
07:45
which is a tool of the genocide that is being used.
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์ด๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ ํ•™์‚ด์˜ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํŽธ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
And the peacekeepers I've mentioned, the force has been authorized,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋˜ ํ‰ํ™”์œ ์ง€๊ตฐ์€ ์Šน์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:50
but almost no country on Earth has stepped forward since the authorization
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์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ๊ทธ ์Šน์ธ ์ดํ›„์—”
07:55
to actually put its troops or its police in harm's way.
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๋‚˜์„œ์„œ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
So we have achieved an awful lot relative to the 20th century,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 20์„ธ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด ๋ƒˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
08:03
and yet far too little relative to the gravity of the crime that is unfolding
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
as we sit here, as we speak.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•‰์•„์„œ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
Why the limits to the movement?
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์šด๋™์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ•œ๊ณ„๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:12
Why is what has been achieved, or what the movement has done,
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์™œ ์—ฌํƒœ ์„ฑ์ทจ๋œ ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ์šด๋™์ด ์ด๋ค„๋‚ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด
08:16
been necessary but not sufficient to the crime?
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์— ๋น„์ถ”์–ด ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š์„๊นŒ์š”?
08:18
I think there are a couple -- there are many reasons --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค -- ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ --
08:20
but a couple just to focus on briefly.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡๊ฐ€์ง€๋งŒ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
The first is that the movement, such as it is,
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์šด๋™์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด
08:26
stops at America's borders. It is not a global movement.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ”์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์šด๋™์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ž€ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:30
It does not have too many compatriots abroad who themselves
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ํ•ด์™ธ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋ณธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ •๋ถ€์—
08:34
are asking their governments to do more to stop genocide.
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ํ•™์‚ด์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ด๋‹ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์š”์ฒญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
And the Holocaust culture that we have in this country
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋‚ด์˜ ์œ ๋Œ€์ธ ํ•™์‚ด ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธํ™”๋Š”
08:40
makes Americans, sort of, more prone to, I think,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์—”, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•„๋งˆ ์ข€ ๋”
08:43
want to bring Never Again to life.
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'์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ๋˜์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
The guilt that the Clinton administration expressed,
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ํด๋ฆฐํ„ด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ณผ
08:50
that Bill Clinton expressed over Rwanda,
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๋นŒ ํด๋ฆฐํ„ด ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋งํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
08:52
created a space in our society for a consensus
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ
08:54
that Rwanda was bad and wrong
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜๊ณ  ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
08:56
and we wish we had done more, and that is something
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
08:58
that the movement has taken advantage of.
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๊ทธ ์šด๋™์ด ์ž˜ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์™”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
European governments, for the most part,
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์œ ๋Ÿฝ ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„
09:01
haven't acknowledged responsibility, and there's nothing to kind of
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์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
09:04
to push back and up against.
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๋ฐ€๊ณ  ๋‹น๊ธฐ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:08
So this movement, if it's to be durable and global,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์šด๋™์ด ์˜์†์ ์ด๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด,
09:12
will have to cross borders, and you will have to see
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ์„œ,
09:15
other citizens in democracies, not simply resting on the assumption
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€
09:19
that their government would do something in the face of genocide,
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ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋งŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
09:22
but actually making it such.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
Governments will never gravitate towards crimes of this magnitude
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๊ฐ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ด ์ •๋„ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์—
09:27
naturally or eagerly.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ด์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
As we saw, they haven't even gravitated towards protecting our ports
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ์ •๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:31
or reigning in loose nukes.
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๋Š์Šจํ•œ ํ•ต ํ†ต์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Why would we expect in a bureaucracy that it would orient itself
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™œ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋จผ ํƒ€๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ณ ํ†ต๋ฐ›๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
09:37
towards distant suffering?
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
09:39
So one reason is it hasn't gone global.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด์œ ๋Š”, ์•„์ง ์„ธ๊ณ„ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
The second is, of course, that at this time in particular in America's history,
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๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š”, ๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ˜„์žฌ
09:45
we have a credibility problem,
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์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
09:47
a legitimacy problem in international institutions.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ •ํ†ต์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
It is structurally really, really hard to do,
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๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •๋ง ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
09:52
as the Bush administration rightly does,
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋ถ€์‹œ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด์š”,
09:54
which is to denounce genocide on a Monday
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์›”์š”์ผ์— ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ 
09:58
and then describe water boarding on a Tuesday as a no-brainer
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ํ™”์š”์ผ์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๋ฌธ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ๋กœ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
10:01
and then turn up on Wednesday and look for troop commitments.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜์„œ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€ ํˆฌ์ž…์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
10:05
Now, other countries have their own reasons for not wanting to get involved.
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์ž, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜๊ธธ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š”๋ฐ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฆ„์˜ ์ด์œ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
Let me be clear.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
10:10
They're in some ways using the Bush administration as an alibi.
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์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์‹œ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฐ”์ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:13
But it is essential for us to be a leader in this sphere,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ด๋Œ์–ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
10:17
of course to restore our standing and our leadership in the world.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง€์œ„์™€ ๋ฆฌ๋”์‹ญ์„ ํšŒ๋ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ์š”.
10:21
The recovery's going to take some time.
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๊ทธ ํšŒ๋ณต์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
We have to ask ourselves, what now? What do we do going forward
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด์ œ ๋ญ˜ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋‚˜? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
10:26
as a country and as citizens in relationship to the world's worst places,
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค๊ณผ,
10:30
the world's worst suffering, killers, and the kinds of killers
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ๊ณ ํ†ต๊ณผ, ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:35
that could come home to roost sometime in the future?
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์–ธ์  ๊ฐ€ ์ž์—…์ž๋“์ด ๋  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ.
10:40
The place that I turned to answer that question was to a man
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๊ทธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ„ ๊ณณ์€
10:46
that many of you may not have ever heard of,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ธ๋ฐ์š”,
10:49
and that is a Brazilian named Sergio Vieira de Mello who,
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค ๋น„์—์ด๋ผ ๋ฐ ๋ฉœ๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ
10:54
as Chris said, was blown up in Iraq in 2003.
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ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด 2003๋…„ ์ด๋ผํฌ์—์„œ ํญ์‚ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
He was the victim of the first-ever suicide bomb in Iraq.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋ผํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง„ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์ž์‚ด ํญํƒ„ ํฌ์ƒ์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:03
It's hard to remember, but there was actually a time in the summer of 2003,
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, 2002๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋•Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
11:06
even after the U.S. invasion, where,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์นจ๊ณต์ด ์žˆ์€ ํ›„์—๋„
11:09
apart from looting, civilians were relatively safe in Iraq.
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์•ฝํƒˆ์„ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณค, ์ด๋ผํฌ์—์„œ ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ „ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
Now, who was Sergio? Sergio Vieira de Mello was his name.
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์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์„œ์ง€์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์„œ์ง€์˜ค ๋น„์—์ด๋ผ ๋ฐ ๋ฉœ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ๋ฐ์š”.
11:16
In addition to being Brazilian, he was described to me
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ง๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” 1994๋…„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
11:19
before I met him in 1994 as someone who was a cross between
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ ,
11:22
James Bond on the one hand and Bobby Kennedy on the other.
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ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋ณธ๋“œ์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŽธ์œผ๋ก  ๋ฐ”๋น„ ์ผ€๋„ค๋””(์กด ์ผ€๋„ค๋””์˜ ๋™์ƒ)์˜ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
11:26
And in the U.N., you don't get that many people
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UN์—์„œ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ž์งˆ์„ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„
11:29
who actually manage to merge those qualities.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
He was James Bond-like in that he was ingenious.
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์ˆ˜๋‹จ์ด ์ข‹๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ œ์ž„์Šค ๋ณธ๋“œ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์ด์ฃ .
11:36
He was drawn to the flames, he chased the flames,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ์— ํœ˜๋ง๋ ธ๊ณ , ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ์„ ์ซ“์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
he was like a moth to the flames. Something of an adrenalin junkie.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ์— ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๋“œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฐฉ ๊ฐ™์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์น˜ ์•„๋“œ๋ ˆ๋‚ ๋ฆฐ ์ค‘๋…์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
11:42
He was successful with women.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
He was Bobby Kennedy-like because in some ways one could never tell
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๋ณด๋น„ ์ผ€๋„ค๋”” ๊ฐ™๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”
11:51
if he was a realist masquerading as an idealist
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ž๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅํ•œ ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜์ž์ธ์ง€
11:53
or an idealist masquerading as a realist, as people always wondered
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๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ฃผ์˜์ž๋กœ ๊ฐ€์žฅํ•œ ์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ž์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ๋ฐ์š”, ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
11:57
about Bobby Kennedy and John Kennedy in that way.
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๋ณด๋น„ ์ผ€๋„ค๋””์™€ ์กด ์ผ€๋„ค๋””์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•ด ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
What he was was a decathlete of nation-building, of problem-solving,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์•…์ธ ๊ณณ์—์„œ, ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ์ œ์ผ ํ—˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๊ฑด์—์„œ
12:04
of troubleshooting in the world's worst places
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๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
12:07
and in the world's most broken places.
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๋ถ„์Ÿ ์กฐ์ •์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” 10์ข… ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ ์„ ์ˆ˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
In failing states, genocidal states, under-governed states,
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์‹คํŒจํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ, ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ ํ•™์‚ด์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ, ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ†ต์น˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์—์„œ
12:14
precisely the kinds of places that threats to this country exist
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๊ผญ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์œ„ํ˜‘๋“ค์ด ๊ณง ๋ฒŒ์–ด์งˆ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ณณ,
12:19
on the horizon, and precisely the kinds of places
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๊ผญ ์„ธ์ƒ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณ ํ†ต๋“ค์ด
12:22
where most of the world's suffering tends to get concentrated.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค ๋ชจ์ผ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
12:26
These are the places he was drawn to.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์— ์ด๋Œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:28
He moved with the headlines.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
He was in the U.N. for 34 years. He joined at the age of 21.
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UN์— 21์‚ด์— ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ 34๋…„์„ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:35
Started off when the causes in the wars du jour in the '70s
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ธ 70๋…„๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ทธ์‹œ๋Œ€ ์ „์Ÿ์˜ ๋ช…๋ถ„์ด
12:38
were wars of independence and decolonization.
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๋…๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€ํ™”์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
He was there in Bangladesh
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๋ฐฉ๊ธ€๋ผ๋ฐ์‹œ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๋•Œ
12:42
dealing with the outflow of millions of refugees --
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ ์œ ์ถœ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ--
12:44
the largest refugee flow in history up to that point.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ๋Œ€ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๋‚œ๋ฏผ ์œ ์ถœ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
He was in Sudan when the civil war broke out there.
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์ˆ˜๋‹จ์— ์žˆ์„๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ „์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
He was in Cyprus right after the Turkish invasion.
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ํ„ฐํ‚ค์˜ ์นจ๊ณต ์งํ›„ ์‚ฌ์ดํ”„๋Ÿฌ์Šค์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ–ˆ์ฃ .
12:53
He was in Mozambique for the War of Independence.
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๋ชจ์ž ๋น„ํฌ์— ์žˆ์„๋• ๋…๋ฆฝ์ „์Ÿ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
12:55
He was in Lebanon. Amazingly, he was in Lebanon -- the U.N. base was used --
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๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ์—๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๋•Œ--UN ๊ธฐ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ด์šฉ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
12:58
Palestinians staged attacks out from behind the U.N. base.
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ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด UN๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋’ค์ชฝ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
Israel then invaded and overran the U.N. base.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์ด ์ณ๋“ค์–ด์™”๊ณ  UN๊ธฐ์ง€๊นŒ์ง€ ์ ๋ นํ•ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
Sergio was in Beirut when the U.S. Embassy was hit
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์„ธ๋ฅดํžˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ด€์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
13:07
by the first-ever suicide attack against the United States.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ž์‚ด ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์„๋•Œ ๋ฒ ์ด๋ฃจํŠธ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:10
People date the beginning of this new era to 9/11, but surely 1983,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ 9/11๋กœ ์žก๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ
13:15
with the attack on the US Embassy and the Marine barracks --
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€์‚ฌ๊ด€๊ณผ ํ•ด๋ณ‘ ๋ง‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋‹นํ•œ 1993๋…„์ด์ง€์š”,
13:17
which Sergio witnessed -- those are, in fact, in some ways,
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์„ธ๋ฆฌํžˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ,
13:20
the dawning of the era that we find ourselves in today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:24
From Lebanon he went to Bosnia in the '90s.
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๊ทธ๋Š” 90๋…„๋ฐ ๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ์—์„œ ๋ณด์Šค๋‹ˆ์•„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
The issues were, of course, ethnic sectarian violence.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์ธ์ข… ์ข…ํŒŒ๊ฐ„ ํญ๋ ฅ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
He was the first person to negotiate with the Khmer Rouge.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ตœ์ดˆ๋กœ ํฌ๋ฉ”๋ฅด ๋ฃจ์ฃผ(์บ„๋ณด๋””์•„ ์ขŒ์ต ๋ฌด์žฅ๋‹จ์ฒด)์™€ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
Talk about evil prevailing. I mean, here he was in the room
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๋ง๋„ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•…๋ž„ํ–ˆ์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ์žฅ์—
13:37
with the embodiment of evil in Cambodia.
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์บ„๋ณด๋””์•„์˜ ์•…์˜ ํ™”์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:39
He negotiates with the Serbs.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ธ๋ฅด๋น„์•„์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ๋„ ํ˜‘์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
He actually crosses so far into this realm of talking to evil
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•…๊ณผ ํ˜‘์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ
13:45
and trying to convince evil that it doesn't need to prevail
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์กด์žฌํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์•…์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ํ•ด์„œ
13:48
that he earns the nickname -- not Sergio but Serbio
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์„œ๋น„์˜ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋ช…๋„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:51
while he's living in the Balkans and conducting these kinds of negotiations.
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๋ฐœ์นธ๋ฐ˜๋„์— ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜‘์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
13:56
He then goes to Rwanda and to Congo in the aftermath of the genocide,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์˜ ์—ฌํŒŒ์ค‘์— ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์™€ ์ฝฉ๊ณ ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ
13:59
and he's the guy who has to decide -- huh, OK, the genocide is over;
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๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ๋  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ  -- ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋์–ด, ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์€ ์ด์ œ ๋๋‚ฌ์–ด:
14:02
800,000 people have been killed; the people responsible are fleeing
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80๋งŒ๋ช…์ด ์‚ดํ•ด๋‹นํ–ˆ๊ณ , ์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
14:06
into neighboring countries -- into Congo, into Tanzania.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€๊ตญ์ธ ์ฝฉ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ํƒ„์ž๋‹ˆ์•„๋กœ ๋‹ฌ์•„๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
I'm Sergio, I'm a humanitarian, and I want to feed those --
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๋‚œ ์„œ์ง€์˜ค๋‹ค. ๋‚œ ์ธ๋„์ฃผ์˜์ž์ด๋ฉฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ--
14:12
well, I don't want to feed the killers
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€ ๋•๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์—†์–ด
14:14
but I want to feed the two million people who are with them, so we're going to go,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ™์ด 2๋ฐฑ๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์—ฌ ์‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ๋˜๋‹ˆ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ,
14:17
we're going to set up camps,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ ,
14:19
and we're going to supply humanitarian aid.
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์ธ๋„์  ์ง€์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
14:21
But, uh-oh, the killers are within the camps.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์•„~ ์‚ด์ธ์ž๋“ค๋„ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ™์ด ์žˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.
14:24
Well, I'd like to separate the sheep from the wolves.
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์–‘๋–ผ๋ฅผ ๋Š‘๋Œ€๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ๋†“๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์•ผ.
14:26
Let me go door-to-door to the international community
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๊ตญ์ œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ผ์ผ์ด ์ฐพ์•„ ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
14:28
and see if anybody will give me police or troops to do the separation.
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๊ทธ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•ด์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด ์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„ ๋ด์•ผ๊ฒ ์–ด.
14:31
And their response, of course, was no more than we wanted
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ˜์‘์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
14:34
to stop the genocide and put our troops in harm's way to do that,
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๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ž„๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ ,
14:37
nor do we now want to get in the way and pluck genocidaires from camps.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ฐœ์ž…ํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ์—์„œ ํ•™์‚ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์ถ”๋ ค ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
So then you have to make the decision.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ž ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
Do you turn off the international spigot of life support
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ง€์›์„ ์ค‘๋‹จ์‹œ์ผœ์„œ
14:46
and risk two million civilian lives?
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2๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ์–‘๋ฏผ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:50
Or do you continue feeding the civilians, knowing that the genocidaires
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ•™์‚ด์„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ ๋‚ด์—์„œ
14:53
are in the camps, literally sharpening their knives for future battle?
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์นผ์„ ๊ฐˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ๊ทธ ์–‘๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„์† ๋•๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:57
What do you do?
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์–ด๋–ค ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
14:58
It's all lesser-evil terrain in these broken places.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋Š˜ ์ฐจ์„ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
15:01
Late '90s: nation-building is the cause du jour.
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90๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค์ด ์‹œ๋Œ€์˜ ๋ช…๋ถ„์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
15:04
He's the guy put in charge. He's the Paul Bremer or the Jerry Bremer
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋จผ์ €๋Š” ์ฝ”์†Œ๋ณด์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ ๋™ํ‹ฐ๋ชจ๋ฅด์—์„œ
15:08
of first Kosovo and then East Timor. He governs the places.
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ํด ํ”„๋ ˆ๋จธ ๋˜๋Š” ์ œ๋ฆฌ ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ๋จธ(์ด๋ผํฌ ์นจ๊ณตํ›„ ํŒŒ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ตœ๊ณ  ํ–‰์ •๊ด€)์˜ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค์„ ํ†ต์น˜ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
15:11
He's the viceroy. He has to decide on tax policy, on currency,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด๋…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ธˆ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ํ™”ํ,
15:15
on border patrol, on policing. He has to make all these judgments.
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๊ตญ๊ฒฝ ์ˆœ์ฐฐ, ์น˜์•ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ํŒ๋‹จ๋“ค์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
He's a Brazilian in these places. He speaks seven languages.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ณณ์— ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ทธ ํ˜ผ์ž์˜€์ฃ . 7๊ฐœ๊ตญ์–ด์— ๋Šฅํ†ตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:22
He's been up to that point in 14 war zones
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ 14๊ฐœ์˜ ์ „์Ÿํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
so he's positioned to make better judgments, perhaps,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ์•ˆํ•ด๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
15:27
than people who have never done that kind of work.
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํŒ๋‹จ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
But nonetheless, he is the cutting edge of our experimentation
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ ์€ ์ž์›์œผ๋กœ
15:33
with doing good with very few resources being brought to bear in,
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด๋‚ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์ฒจ๋‹จ์„ ๋‹ฌ๋ ธ์ฃ ,
15:36
again, the world's worst places.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ์š”.
15:38
And then after Timor, 9/11 has happened,
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ํ‹ฐ๋ชจ๋ฅด ์‚ฌํƒœ ์ดํ›„, 9/11์ด ํ„ฐ์กŒ์œผ๋ฉฐ
15:41
he's named U.N. Human Rights Commissioner,
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UN ์ธ๊ถŒ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋Œ€ํ‘œ๋กœ ์ž„๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
15:43
and he has to balance liberty and security and figure out,
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์ž์œ ์™€ ์น˜์•ˆ ์œ ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ์žก์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
15:46
what do you do when the most powerful country in the United Nations
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UN์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€
15:49
is bowing out of the Geneva Conventions,
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์ œ๋„ค๋ฐ” ํ˜‘์•ฝ์„ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์„ ํŒŒ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ํŒ๋‹จํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
bowing out of international law? Do you denounce?
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๋น„๋‚œ์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
15:54
Well, if you denounce,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์•„๋งˆ ๋น„๋‚œ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด,
15:55
you're probably never going to get back in the room.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ํ˜‘์ƒ ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ”์— ์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ฃ .
15:57
Maybe you stay reticent. Maybe you try to charm President Bush --
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์•„๋งˆ ๋ง์„ ์•„๋ผ๊ณ  ์กฐ์šฉํžˆ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ๋ถ€์‹œ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์žก๋„๋ก ํ•ด๋ด์•ผ์ฃ --
16:02
and that's what he did. And in so doing he earned himself,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋Š”
16:05
unfortunately, his final and tragic appointment to Iraq --
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์ด๊ณ  ๋น„๊ทน์ ์ธ ์ด๋ผํฌ๋กœ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋ น์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ --
16:08
the one that resulted in his death.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋์ด ๋‚ฌ์ฃ .
16:10
One note on his death, which is so devastating,
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ง์— ํ•œ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ง๋ถ™์ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
16:13
is that despite predicating the war on Iraq
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์ด๋ผํฌ ์ „์Ÿ์ด
16:15
on a link between Saddam Hussein and terrorism in 9/11,
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์‚ฌ๋‹ด ํ›„์„ธ์ธ๊ณผ 9/11 ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์™€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ–ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
16:20
believe it or not, the Bush administration or the invaders
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๋ฏฟ๋˜์ง€ ์•ˆ๋ฏฟ๋˜์ง€ ๋ถ€์‹œ ํ–‰์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์นจ๋žต์ž๋“ค์€
16:23
did no planning, no pre-war planning, to respond to terrorism.
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ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋‚˜ ์ „์Ÿ์ „์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
So Sergio -- this receptacle of all of this learning on how to deal with evil
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค๋Š” -- ์•…์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
16:31
and how to deal with brokenness,
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๋ฌด์ผํ‘ผ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ ,
16:33
lay under the rubble for three and a half hours without rescue.
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๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง„ ๋Œ๋ฌด๋”๊ธฐ ๋ฐ‘์—์„œ ์„ธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜๋™์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
Stateless. The guy who tried to help the stateless people his whole career.
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๋‚˜๋ผ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šฐ๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:41
Like a refugee. Because he represents the U.N.
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๋‚œ๋ฏผ๊ฐ™๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ ์—”์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
16:43
If you represent everyone, in some ways you represent no one.
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๋งŒ์ผ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
You're un-owned.
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์ž์‹ ์€ ์•„๋ฌด์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์†ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
16:48
And what the American -- the most powerful military in the history of mankind
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด--์ธ๋ฅ˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๊ตฐ๋Œ€์ฃ -
16:51
was able to muster for his rescue,
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถœํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋™์›ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€
16:53
believe it or not, was literally these heroic two American soldiers
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๋ฏฟ์œผ์‹ค์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ํ†ต๋กœ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋˜
16:57
went into the shaft. Building was shaking.
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๋‘๋ช…์˜ ์˜์›…์ ์ธ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ตฐ์ธ๋“ค๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์€ ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
16:59
One of them had been at 9/11 and lost his buddies on September 11th,
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•œ๋ช…์€ 9/11์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ 9์›” 11์ผ์— ์žƒ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ,
17:03
and yet went in and risked his life in order to save Sergio.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ์„œ์ง€์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:05
But all they had was a woman's handbag --
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณค ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ•ธ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ด์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ--
17:09
literally one of those basket handbags --
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฐ”์Šค์ผ“ ํ•ธ๋“œ๋ฐฑ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ --
17:11
and they tied it to a curtain rope from one of the offices at U.N. headquarters,
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์œ ์—” ๋ณธ๋ถ€์˜ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ์žˆ๋˜ ์ปคํŠผ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฐง์ค„์— ๋ฌถ์–ด
17:15
and created a pulley system into this shaft in this quivering building
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ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋นŒ๋”ฉ์˜ ํ†ต๋กœ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋„ฃ์–ด ๋„๋ฅด๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
17:20
in the interests of rescuing this person,
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ ,
17:23
the person we most need to turn to now, this shepherd,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์˜์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ชฉ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
17:26
at a time when so many of us feel like we're lacking guidance.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง€๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๋•Œ์— ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
17:29
And this was the pulley system. This was what we were able to muster for Sergio.
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๋„๋ฅด๋ ˆ๋ฟ์ด์˜€์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์„œ์ง€์˜ค๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
17:32
The good news, for what it's worth,
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์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€์š”, ๋„์›€์ด ๋ ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
17:34
is after Sergio and 21 others were killed that day in the attack on the U.N.,
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 21๋ช…์ด ์œ ์—”์ด ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋ฐ›์€ ๋‚  ์‚ฌ๋งํ•œ ์ดํ›„์—
17:38
the military created a search and rescue unit
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜์ƒ‰ ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ,
17:40
that had the cutting equipment, the shoring wood, the cranes,
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ ˆ๋‹จ ์žฅ๋น„์™€ ์ง€์ฃผ๋Œ€, ํฌ๋ ˆ์ธ๋“ฑ
17:44
the things that you would have needed to do the rescue.
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌผํ’ˆ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:46
But it was too late for Sergio.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„œ์ง€์˜ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
I want to wrap up, but I want to close
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์ž ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
17:50
with what I take to be the four lessons from Sergio's life
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•…์ด ๋งŒ์—ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
17:54
on this question of how do we prevent evil from prevailing,
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค์˜ ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„ค๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ ์ž ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฑด
17:57
which is how I would have framed the question.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
18:00
Here's this guy who got a 34-year head start
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34์‚ด์— ๋‚จ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์•ž์„  ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:03
thinking about the kinds of questions we as a country are grappling with,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค๊ณผ
18:07
we as citizens are grappling with now. What do we take away?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
18:12
First, I think, is his relationship to, in fact, evil is something to learn from.
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์ฒซ๋ฒˆ์งธ, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์•…๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
He, over the course of his career, changed a great deal.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ, ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
He had a lot of flaws, but he was very adaptive.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ ๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ ์‘์„ ์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:22
I think that was his greatest quality.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚œ ์ž์งˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
He started as somebody who would denounce harmdoers,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฐฝ๊ธฐ์— ์•…๋‹น๋“ค์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
18:28
he would charge up to people who were violating international law,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ๋ฒ•์„ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ฌป๊ณ ,
18:31
and he would say, you're violating, this is the U.N. Charter.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์ฃ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฒ•์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ์—” ํ—Œ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
Don't you see it's unacceptable what you're doing?
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šฉ๋‚ฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์„ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹จ ๋ง์ด์˜ค?
18:35
And they would laugh at him because he didn't have the power of states,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น„์›ƒ๊ณค ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ๋„ ์—†๊ณ 
18:38
the power of any military or police.
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๊ตฐ๋Œ€๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ํž˜๋„ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
18:40
He just had the rules, he had the norms, and he tried to use them.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:43
And in Lebanon, Southern Lebanon in '82,
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๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ์—์„œ๋Š”, 82๋…„๋„ ๋‚จ๋ถ€ ๋ ˆ๋ฐ”๋…ผ์ด์ฃ ,
18:46
he said to himself and to everybody else,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ,
18:49
I will never use the word "unacceptable" again.
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๋‚˜๋Š” '์šฉ๋‚ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:52
I will never use it. I will try to make it such,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋‹ค,
18:54
but I will never use that word again.
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๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
18:56
But he lunged in the opposite direction.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:58
He started, as I mentioned, to get in the room with evil,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋“ฏ์ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•…๊ณผ ํ˜‘์ƒ์žฅ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
19:01
to not denounce, and became almost obsequious
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๋น„๋‚œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ตฌ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•„๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ฃ 
19:05
when he won the nickname Serbio, for instance,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์„œ๋น„์˜ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋ช…์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์„๋•Œ๋Š”์š”
19:08
and even when he negotiated with the Khmer Rouge
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ฉ”๋ฅด ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ์™€ ํ˜‘์ƒํ• ๋•Œ์กฐ์ฐจ
19:10
would black-box what had occurred prior to entering the room.
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ํ˜‘์ƒ์ „์—” ๋ฒŒ์–ด์กŒ๋˜ ์ผ์€ ๋ฌป์–ด๋‘์—ˆ์ฃ .
19:14
But by the end of his life, I think he had struck a balance
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ์˜ ์‚ถ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ฏค์—๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ปจ๋ฐ ๊ทผ
19:17
that we as a country can learn from.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋งŒํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋งž์ถ˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:19
Be in the room, don't be afraid of talking to your adversaries,
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ํ˜‘์ƒ์žฅ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋ผ, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ ๊ณผ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑธ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ,
19:23
but don't bracket what happened before you entered the room.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์‹œํ‚ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
19:27
Don't black-box history. Don't check your principles at the door.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ธ”๋ž™๋ฐ•์Šคํ™” ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ. ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์›์น™๋“ค์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ๋ผ.
19:32
And I think that's something that we have to be in the room,
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์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ™์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
19:35
whether it's Nixon going to China or Khrushchev and Kennedy
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹‰์Šจ์ด๊ฑด ๋˜๋Š” ํ›„๋ฅด์‹œ์ดˆํ”„์™€ ์ผ€๋„ค๋””์ด๊ฑด
19:39
or Reagan and Gorbachev.
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๋ ˆ์ด๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋ฐ”์ดˆํ”„์ด๊ฑด ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
19:41
All the great progress in this country with relation to our adversaries
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์ด ๋‚˜๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์ด๋ฃฌ ํฐ ์ง„์ „๋“ค์€
19:45
has come by going into the room.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ํšŒ๋‹ด์žฅ์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:47
And it doesn't have to be an act of weakness.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์•ฝํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:50
You can actually do far more to build an international coalition
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ž๋‚˜ ๋ฒ”๋ฒ•์ž๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์—ฐํ•ฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋Š”
19:53
against a harmdoer or a wrongdoer by being in the room
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ํšŒ๋‹ด์žฅ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ํฐ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ฑฐ๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”,
19:56
and showing to the rest of the world that that person, that regime,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์ •๊ถŒ์ด
19:59
is the problem and that you, the United States, are not the problem.
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๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ง€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ž€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ์ฃผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
20:02
Second take-away from Sergio's life, briefly.
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์„œ์ง€์˜ค์˜ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€์š”, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
20:06
What I take away, and this in some ways is the most important,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์€, ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด๋ฐ,
20:08
he espoused and exhibited a reverence for dignity
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์กด์—„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๊ฐ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
20:14
that was really, really unusual.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋งค์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ๋“œ๋ฌธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
At a micro level, the individuals around him were visible.
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๋ฏธ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ฐจ์›์—์„œ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด์˜€์ฃ .
20:20
He saw them.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์•˜์ฃ .
20:21
At a macro level, he thought, you know,
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๊ฑฐ์‹œ์  ์ˆ˜์ค€์—์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
20:23
we talk about democracy promotion, but we do it in a way sometimes
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ฐฝํ• ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฐ ๊ฐ€๋”
20:26
that's an affront to people's dignity.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์— ๋ชจ์š•์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
We put people on humanitarian aid
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ธ๋„์  ์ง€์› ๋ฌผํ’ˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š”
20:31
and we boast about it because we've spent three billion.
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30์–ต ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ์ผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ž๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:33
It's incredibly important,
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์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ธ๋ฐ
20:34
those people would no longer be alive if the United States, for instance,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ทธ ๋ˆ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅดํ‘ธ๋ฅด์— ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด,
20:36
hadn't spent that money in Darfur,
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ด์•„ ๋‚จ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ํ…Œ์ง€๋งŒ
20:39
but it's not a way to live.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋Š”๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ์ฃ .
20:40
If we think about dignity in our conduct as citizens
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์˜ ์กด์—„์„ฑ์„ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
20:43
and as individuals with relation to the people around us,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐœ์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จํ•ด์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ณ ,
20:46
and as a country, if we could inject a regard for dignity
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ๋•Œ
20:48
into our dealings with other countries,
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์กด์—„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐฐ๋ ค๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
20:51
it would be something of a revolution.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ํ˜๋ช…์ ์ผ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:53
Third point, very briefly. He talked a lot about freedom from fear.
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์„ธ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณตํฌ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์˜ ์ž์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์–˜๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
And I recognize there is so much to be afraid of.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‘๋ ค์›Œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:00
There are so many genuine threats in the world.
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์„ธ์ƒ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์œ„ํ˜‘์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
But what Sergio was talking about is,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์„œ์ง€์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
21:04
let's calibrate our relationship to the threat.
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์œ„ํ˜‘๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:06
Let's not hype the threat; let's actually see it clearly.
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์œ„ํ˜‘์„ ๊ณผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์ž; ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ณด์ž.
21:09
We have reason to be afraid of melting ice caps.
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๋น™์›์ด ๋…น๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผํ•  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
We have reason to be afraid that we haven't secured
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ ์†Œ๋ จ์˜ ๋Š์Šจํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‚ฌ๋Šฅ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„
21:15
loose nuclear material in the former Soviet Union.
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:18
Let's focus on what are the legitimate challenges and threats,
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋„์ „๊ณผ ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ์ง‘์ค‘์„ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
21:22
but not lunge into bad decisions because of a panic, of a fear.
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๊ณตํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ณตํฌ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์œผ๋กœ ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ง์ž๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
In times of fear, for instance, one of the things Sergio used to say
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๊ณตํฌ์˜ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ์„ธ๋ฅดํžˆ์˜ค๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
21:29
is, fear is a bad advisor.
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๊ณตํฌ๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์กฐ์–ธ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
We lunge towards the extremes
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
21:33
when we aren't operating and trying to, again,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์„ธ์ƒ๊ณผ์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ
21:35
calibrate our relationship to the world around us.
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์กฐ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ ค ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:37
Fourth and final point: he somehow, because he was working
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๋„ค๋ฒˆ์งธ์ด์ž ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
21:40
in all the world's worst places and all lesser evils,
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์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ์•…์˜ ์žฅ์†Œ์™€ ์ฐจ์„ ์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค๋ค„์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
21:43
had a humility, of course,
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ฒธ์†๊ณผ
21:45
and an awareness of the complexity of the world around him.
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ์‹ผ ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž˜ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
21:48
I mean, such an acute awareness of how hard it was.
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์ œ ๋ง์”€์€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋ ค์šด์ง€๋ฅผ
21:50
How Sisyphean this task was of mending,
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์ด ์ž„๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ํž˜๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ์ธ์‹ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
21:54
and yet aware of that complexity,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ณต์žกํ•จ์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ 
21:56
humbled by it, he wasn't paralyzed by it.
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๊ฒธ์†ํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งˆ๋น„๋˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:59
And we as citizens, as we go through this experience of the kind of,
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์‹œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
22:04
the crisis of confidence, crisis of competence, crisis of legitimacy,
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ํ™•์‹ ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋‚˜, ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ, ์ ๋ฒ•์„ฑ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉด์„œ
22:08
I think there's a temptation to pull back from the world and say,
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์„ธ์ƒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์œ ํ˜น์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด,
22:11
ah, Katrina, Iraq -- we don't know what we're doing.
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์นดํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜, ์ด๋ผํฌ--์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ญ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ฃ .
22:13
We can't afford to pull back from the world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:16
It's a question of how to be in the world.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„์†์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:19
And the lesson, I think,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—
22:20
of the anti-genocide movement that I mentioned,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ ธ๋˜ ๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰ํ•™์‚ด ์šด๋™์˜ ๊ตํ›ˆ์€
22:22
that is a partial success but by no means
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์ธ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ด์—ˆ์ง€
22:24
has it achieved what it has set out to do --
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์›๋ž˜ ๋ชฉ์ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
22:27
it'll be many decades, probably, before that happens --
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ๋…„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค--
22:30
but is that if we want to see change, we have to become the change.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:34
We can't rely upon our institutions to do the work
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜
22:38
of necessarily talking to adversaries on their own
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์ ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ ์•Œ์•„์„œ ํ• ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:42
without us creating a space for that to happen,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค,
22:44
for having respect for dignity,
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์กด์—„์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
22:46
and for bringing that combination of humility
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์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ๊ณผ
22:48
and a sort of emboldened sense of responsibility
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๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„๊ฐ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์„
22:51
to our dealings with the rest of the world.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋„๋ก ๋ง์ด์—์š”.
22:53
So will evil prevail? Is that the question?
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์•…์ด ๋ฒˆ์„ฑํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
22:55
I think the short answer is: no, not unless we let it.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹ต์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”.
22:59
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:00
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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