How did we get fertility so wrong? | Am I Normal? with Mona Chalabi

86,120 views ใƒป 2021-11-09

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

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Transcriber:
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Biologically speaking,
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: ์œ ๋ฆฌ ์‹  ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ž„๊ธฐ ๋”ฑ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:01
I am right in the middle of my reproductive age.
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00:04
That's the years between 15 and 49,
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๊ฐ€์ž„๊ธฐ๋Š” 15์„ธ์—์„œ 49์„ธ ์‚ฌ์ด๋กœ,
00:06
when most people with ovaries are able to have children.
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๋‚œ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
00:09
Socially speaking, that means I'm right in the middle
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๋Œ€๋žต 30๋…„๊ฐ„ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋”ฑ ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
of roughly 30 years' worth of public commentary,
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์ œ ์ƒ์‹ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์ธ ์ง€์ , ์ œ์•ˆ, ํ‰๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‹œ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
00:14
suggestions and judgments about my fertility.
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00:16
Whether itโ€™s regular pleas from my mum to give her grandchildren,
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์†์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ๊ฒจ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์ธ ์• ์›์ด๋“ ,
์˜ํ™”๋‚˜ TV์— ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฐ„์ ˆํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด๋“ 
00:20
or depictions of desperate females in movies and TV,
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00:23
it's a reality that is hard to escape.
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๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
And let's not forget about the ads
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๊ด‘๊ณ ๋„ ์žŠ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
that have been following me around the internet
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25์„ธ ์ •๋„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋“ค์ด ์ซ“์•„์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
since the age of roughly 25, promising to track my ovulation,
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๋ฐฐ๋ž€์ผ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค€๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
00:33
confirm a pregnancy
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์ž„์‹  ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ์ค€๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
00:34
or let me know about places nearby where I can freeze my eggs.
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๋‚œ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ƒ‰๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋“ค์ด์š”.
00:37
But what about the sperm?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •์ž๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค๊ฐ€์š”?
00:39
Why have none of my male friends
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ์ œ ๋‚จ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š”
00:41
or the guys I've dated been exposed to this same pressure?
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์™œ ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์••๋ฐ•์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:44
[Am I Normal? With Mona Chalabi]
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[๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •์ƒ์ธ๊ฐ€? - ๋ชจ๋‚˜ ์นผ๋ผ๋น„]
00:47
Well, we know from historical data that for generations,
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์ˆ˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์ž๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
00:50
research into fertility has focused on poking and prodding uteruses,
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์ƒ์‹ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ž๊ถ์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์••๋ฐ•ํ•ด์™”๊ณ 
00:54
while our understanding of male fertility has continued to lag behind.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋ฏธ๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
For example, in the US, there was a 50-year gap
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๊ทธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 50๋…„์˜ ๊ฒฉ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
between the founding of the American Board of Obstetrics and Gynecology in 1927
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‚ฐ๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ์œ„์›ํšŒ๋Š” 1927๋…„ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:06
and the formation of the American Society of Andrology in 1975.
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๊ทธ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 50๋…„ ํ›„์ธ 1975๋…„, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผํ•™ํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
And today in the US,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚œ์ž„ ์ „๋ฌธ์˜ 5๋ช…์ด
01:12
there are an estimated five reproductive endocrinologists
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01:15
who mostly specialize with female patients,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ ํ™˜์ž๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:18
for every one male fertility specialist.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ ํ™˜์ž ์ „๋ฌธ์˜๋Š” 1๋ช…๊ผด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Research into male fertility really only began to make waves in the 1990s.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ ์ƒ์‹๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณธ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” 1990๋…„๋Œ€์—์•ผ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
And since then, research has started to chip away at the persistent myth
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ์ •์ž๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
01:29
that a man's sperm is viable over his entire life.
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ์‹ ์„ ๊นจ๋ถ€์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
A study from 2013 found
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2013๋…„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
01:34
that there is a big change that happens in male fertility after the age of 34.
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34์„ธ ์ดํ›„ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊น€์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
At age 35, their sperm count begins to drop.
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35์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ •์ž ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40์„ธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์ •์ž์˜ ๋†๋„์™€
01:42
At 40, the sperm concentration,
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01:44
as well as the percentage of sperm with a normal shape, begins to decline.
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ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ƒ์ธ ์ •์ž์˜ ๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
At 43, sperm motility decreases,
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43์„ธ์—๋Š” ์ •์ž์˜ ์šด๋™์„ฑ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ ,
01:50
And from the age of 45, semen ejaculate volume begins to go down.
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45์„ธ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์•ก๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
What all of this means is that from the age of 34,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด 34์„ธ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ๋Š”
01:58
there is a declining likelihood
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์„ฑ๊ต๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋  ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
that a man will father a child through intercourse.
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02:02
And that probability continues to decline as they get older.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ํ™•๋ฅ ์€ ๊ณ„์† ๊ฐ์†Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Crucially, that decline exists
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์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ™•๋ฅ ์ด ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:08
independently of the age of their female partner.
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์ƒ๋Œ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์—ฐ๋ น๊ณผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ด€์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
Because of research like this,
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์ด์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
02:12
a growing number of physicians are arguing that men have biological clocks, too.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ ์—ญ์‹œ ์ƒ์ฒด ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ๋Š˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
This is really important
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์ด ์ ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
because most fertility research did not control for the age of the father.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์ž„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ ๋‚˜์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
02:22
What this means is that so much of our understanding
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
02:24
about how women in their late 30s are struggling to get pregnant
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30๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋‚œ์ž„์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ๋•Œ, ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
02:27
has not taken into account
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02:29
that many of them are trying to get pregnant with men in their 40s.
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๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ คํ•œ ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ 40๋Œ€ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
Imagine the other fertility breakthroughs
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ถˆ์ž„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…๊ณผ,
02:34
that could come about with even better research --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋ฏธ์น  ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:37
and the effect that all of that would have on our culture and our behavior.
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02:40
Young couples might be able to better prepare when to have children.
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์ Š์€ ์—ฐ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ž๋…€ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋” ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Guys would be hounded by ads on when to freeze their sperm,
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๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ •์ž ๋ƒ‰๋™ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:47
and I would have even more reason to continue to date young hot men.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ Š๊ณ  ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ธ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:51
We've always known that it takes two to tango.
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ํƒฑ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„  ์ƒ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
02:54
Now it's time for research to give both partners equal billing.
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์ด์ œ ์–‘์ชฝ์— ๋™์ผํ•œ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์‹œ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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