The case for curiosity-driven research | Suzie Sheehy

90,344 views ・ 2018-11-26

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: ana yun κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
In the late 19th century, scientists were trying to solve a mystery.
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19μ„ΈκΈ° ν›„λ°˜ κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ€ λ―ΈμŠ€ν…Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό ν’€κ³ μž λ…Έλ ₯ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
They found that if they had a vacuum tube like this one
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이런 진곡관이 μžˆμ–΄μ„œ
00:21
and applied a high voltage across it,
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높은 전압을 흘리면
00:24
something strange happened.
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무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” 것을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
They called them cathode rays.
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κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ€ μŒκ·Ήμ„ μ΄λΌκ³  λΆˆλ €μ§€μš”.
00:39
But the question was: What were they made of?
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그런데 κΆκΈˆν•œ 것은 이게 뭘둜 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ§„ κ±ΈκΉŒμš”?
00:42
In England, the 19th-century physicist J.J. Thompson
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19μ„ΈκΈ° 영ꡭ λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μž J.J. ν†°μŠ¨μ€
00:46
conducted experiments using magnets and electricity, like this.
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μžμ„κ³Ό μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό μ΄μš©ν•΄μ„œ μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹€ν—˜μ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
And he came to an incredible revelation.
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그리고 λ†€λΌμš΄ λ°œκ²¬μ„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:00
These rays were made of negatively charged particles
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이 선듀은 μŒμ „ν•˜ μž…μžλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ Έ
01:04
around 2,000 times lighter than the hydrogen atom,
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κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ΄ μ•Œκ³ μžˆλŠ” κ°€μž₯ μž‘μ€ μ›μžμΈ
μˆ˜μ†Œ μ›μžλ³΄λ‹€ μ•½ 2,000λ°°λ‚˜ κ°€λ²Όμ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
the smallest thing they knew.
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01:10
So Thompson had discovered the first subatomic particle,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν†°μŠ¨μ€ 첫 번째 μ•„μ›μž μž…μžλ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆκ³ 
01:14
which we now call electrons.
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그것을 μ „μžλΌκ³  λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
Now, at the time, this seemed to be a completely impractical discovery.
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κ·Έλ•ŒλŠ” 이 발견이 μ™„μ „νžˆ λΉ„ν˜„μ‹€μ μœΌλ‘œ λ³΄μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:21
I mean, Thompson didn't think there were any applications of electrons.
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ν†°μŠ¨μ€ μ „μžκ°€ μ‹€μš©μ μ΄μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
01:25
Around his lab in Cambridge, he used to like to propose a toast:
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μΊ λΈŒλ¦¬μ§€μ˜ ν†°μŠ¨ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ—μ„œ ν†°μŠ¨μ€ κ±΄λ°°μ‚¬λ‘œ μ’…μ’…
01:29
"To the electron.
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"아무짝에 μ“Έλͺ¨κ°€ 없을 μ „μžλ₯Ό μœ„ν•˜μ—¬."라고 ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
May it never be of use to anybody."
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01:33
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
01:36
He was strongly in favor of doing research out of sheer curiosity,
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κ·ΈλŠ” μˆœμˆ˜ν•œ ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λœ 연ꡬλ₯Ό 톡해
01:40
to arrive at a deeper understanding of the world.
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세상을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” κΉŠμ€ 톡찰에 무척 λ‹€λ‹€λ₯΄κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:43
And what he found did cause a revolution in science.
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그리고 κ·Έκ°€ λ°œκ²¬ν•œ 것은 과학에 혁λͺ…을 κ°€μ Έμ™”μ£ .
01:47
But it also caused a second, unexpected revolution in technology.
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λ˜ν•œ κΈ°μˆ μ—μ„œ 뢀차적인, μš°μ—°ν•œ 혁λͺ…도 λΆˆλŸ¬μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:53
Today, I'd like to make a case for curiosity-driven research,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚ μ—λ„ μ €λŠ” ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œμž‘ν•œ 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
because without it,
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ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ΄ μ—†λ‹€λ©΄
01:59
none of the technologies I'll talk about today
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ–΄λ–€ κΈ°μˆ λ„
02:01
would have been possible.
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κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
Now, what Thompson found here has actually changed our view of reality.
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ν†°μŠ¨μ΄ λ°œκ²¬ν•œ 것을 톡해 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ‹€μ œλ₯Ό λ³΄λŠ” 관점이 λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:08
I mean, I think I'm standing on a stage,
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즉, μ €λŠ” μ—¬κΈ° 연단에 μ„œμžˆκ³ 
02:11
and you think you're sitting in a seat.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μžλ¦¬μ— μ•‰μ•„μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:13
But that's just the electrons in your body
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 그것은 단지 우리 λͺΈμ˜ μ „μžλ“€μ΄
02:15
pushing back against the electrons in the seat,
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μžλ¦¬μ— κΈ°λŒ€μ–΄ 의자의 μ „μžλ₯Ό λ°€λ©΄μ„œ
02:18
opposing the force of gravity.
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쀑λ ₯을 거슀λ₯΄κ³  μžˆμ„ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:21
You're not even really touching the seat.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 의자λ₯Ό λ§Œμ§€κ³  μžˆμ§€λ„ μ•Šμ§€μš”.
02:24
You're hovering ever so slightly above it.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 의자 μœ„λ₯Ό 살짝 κ²‰λŒκ³  μžˆμ„ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
But in many ways, our modern society was actually built on this discovery.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν˜„λŒ€ μ‚¬νšŒμ—μ„œλŠ” 이 λ°œκ²¬μ„ 톡해 λ§Žμ€ 것듀을 λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:33
I mean, these tubes were the start of electronics.
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즉, 이 νŠœλΈŒλŠ” μ „μžμ˜ μ‹œμž‘μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:35
And then for many years,
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κ·Έ ν›„ λ§Žμ€ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ
02:37
most of us actually had one of these, if you remember, in your living room,
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우리 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ ν•˜λ‚˜ 정도 가지고 μžˆλŠ” 물건이 λ˜μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
02:40
in cathode-ray tube televisions.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ κ±°μ‹€μ—λŠ” λΈŒλΌμš΄κ΄€ ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ „μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:43
But -- I mean, how impoverished would our lives be
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ κ²°κ³Όκ°€ ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ „ λΏμ΄μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄
02:46
if the only invention that had come from here was the television?
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우리 삢이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 별볼일 μ—†μ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
02:50
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
02:52
Thankfully, this tube was just a start,
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λ‹€ν–‰νžˆλ„, 이 튜브λ₯Ό μ‹œμž‘μœΌλ‘œ
02:55
because something else happens when the electrons here
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무엇인가 λ‹€λ₯Έ 일이 λ°œμƒν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
hit the piece of metal inside the tube.
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μ—¬κΈ° μ „μžκ°€ 튜브 μ•ˆ κΈˆμ† 쑰각에 λΆ€λ”ͺν˜”μ„ λ•Œ λ§μ΄μ§€μš”.
03:00
Let me show you.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ—κ²Œ λ³΄μ—¬λ“œλ¦¬κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
Pop this one back on.
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이것을 μΌ€κ²Œμš”.
03:07
So as the electrons screech to a halt inside the metal,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ „μžκ°€ κΈˆμ†μ— λ‹Ώμ•„ λ©ˆμΆ”λ©΄
03:10
their energy gets thrown out again
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μ „μžμ˜ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λŠ” λ‹€μ‹œ
03:12
in a form of high-energy light, which we call X-rays.
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X선이라 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” κ³ μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λΉ›μ˜ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λ‚΄λΏœμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
(Buzzing)
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(μœ™μœ™)
03:19
(Buzzing)
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(μœ™μœ™)
03:21
And within 15 years of discovering the electron,
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μ „μžλ₯Ό λ°œκ²¬ν•˜κ³ μ„œ 15λ…„κ°„
03:24
these X-rays were being used to make images inside the human body,
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X선은 인체 λ‚΄λΆ€ μ˜μƒ μ΄¬μ˜μ— ν™œμš©λ˜μ–΄
03:29
helping soldiers' lives being saved by surgeons,
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μ™Έκ³Όμ˜μ‚¬λ“€μ΄ ꡰ인을 κ΅¬ν•˜λ € ν•  λ•Œ
03:33
who could then find pieces of bullets and shrapnel inside their bodies.
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μ²΄λ‚΄μ˜ 총탄과 νŒŒνŽΈμ„ λ°œκ²¬ν•˜λŠ”λ° 도움을 μ£Όμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:38
But there's no way we could have come up with that technology
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ·Έ κΈ°μˆ λ³΄λ‹€
03:41
by asking scientists to build better surgical probes.
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κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ΄ 더 쒋은 수술 방법을 λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ 내도둝 방법은 μ—†μ—ˆμ§€μš”.
03:45
Only research done out of sheer curiosity, with no application in mind,
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ν™œμš©μ„ κ³ λ €ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ μˆœμˆ˜ν•œ ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ—μ„œ λΉ„λ‘―λœ μ—°κ΅¬λ§Œμ΄
03:50
could have given us the discovery of the electron and X-rays.
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μ „μžμ™€ Xμ„ μ˜ λ°œκ²¬μ„ 이끌 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:54
Now, this tube also threw open the gates for our understanding of the universe
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이제, 이 튜브 λ˜ν•œ μš°μ£Όμ™€ μž…μžλ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ”
04:00
and the field of particle physics,
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발판이 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
because it's also the first, very simple particle accelerator.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 이 튜브 λ˜ν•œ 맀우 κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ λΆ„μž 가속기이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
04:07
Now, I'm an accelerator physicist, so I design particle accelerators,
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μž…μž 가속 λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλ‘œμ„œ μ €λŠ” λΆ„μž 가속기λ₯Ό μ„€κ³„ν•˜κ³ 
04:11
and I try and understand how beams behave.
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빛쀄기가 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ΄λ™ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €κ³  λ…Έλ ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
And my field's a bit unusual,
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제 연ꡬ λΆ„μ•ΌλŠ” 쑰금 νŠΉμ΄ν•œλ°
04:16
because it crosses between curiosity-driven research
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ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μœΌλ‘œ μ‹œμž‘λœ 연ꡬ와
04:20
and technology with real-world applications.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ ν™œμš©λ˜λŠ” 기술 사이에 μžˆλŠ” λΆ„μ•Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:24
But it's the combination of those two things
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ κ·Έ 두 뢀뢄을 μ‘°ν•©ν•˜λŠ”
04:26
that gets me really excited about what I do.
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제 일이 μ €λŠ” 정말 ν₯λ―Έλ‘­μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:30
Now, over the last 100 years,
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μ§€λ‚œ 100λ…„κ°„
04:32
there have been far too many examples for me to list them all.
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λ‚˜μ—΄ν•˜κΈ° νž˜λ“€λ§ŒνΌ λ„ˆλ¬΄λ„ λ§Žμ€ μ˜ˆλ“€μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
But I want to share with you just a few.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό 쑰금만 이야기 ν•΄λ³΄μ§€μš”.
04:37
In 1928, a physicist named Paul Dirac found something strange in his equations.
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1928λ…„ 폴 λ””λ½μ΄λž€ λ¬Όλ¦¬ν•™μžλŠ” λ°©μ •μ‹μ—μ„œ μ΄μƒν•œ 것을 λ°œκ²¬ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
And he predicted, based purely on mathematical insight,
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디락이 μˆœμˆ˜ν•˜κ²Œ μˆ˜ν•™μ  직관에 κΈ°λ°˜ν•˜μ—¬ μΆ”μΈ‘ν•˜κΈ°μ—
04:48
that there ought to be a second kind of matter,
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그것은 두 번째 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 물질이 μžˆμ–΄μ•Όλ§Œ κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ
04:51
the opposite to normal matter,
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λ³΄ν†΅μ˜ λ¬Όμ§ˆκ³ΌλŠ” λ°˜λŒ€λ˜λ©°
04:53
that literally annihilates when it comes in contact:
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μ ‘μ΄‰ν•˜λ©΄ λ§κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μ„¬λ©Έμ‹œμΌœ λ²„λ¦¬λŠ”
04:57
antimatter.
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λ°˜λ¬Όμ§ˆμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
I mean, the idea sounded ridiculous.
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κ·Έ μ•„μ΄λ””μ–΄λŠ” ν„°λ¬΄λ‹ˆμ—†κ²Œ λ“€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:02
But within four years, they'd found it.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 4λ…„ λ‚΄λ‘œ 그듀은 λ°˜λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ μ°Ύμ•„λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
And nowadays, we use it every day in hospitals,
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그리고 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ°˜λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œ 맀일
05:07
in positron emission tomography, or PET scans, used for detecting disease.
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μ§ˆλ³‘μ„ λ°œκ²¬ν•˜λ €λŠ” λ‹¨μΈ΅μ΄¬μ˜μ΄λ‚˜, PET μŠ€μΊ”μ— ν™œμš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:13
Or, take these X-rays.
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λ˜λŠ” Xμ„  μ΄¬μ˜μ„ ν•˜μ§€μš”.
05:15
If you can get these electrons up to a higher energy,
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이 μ „μžλ“€μ— κ³ μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ£Όμ–΄μ„œ
05:18
so about 1,000 times higher than this tube,
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이 νŠœλΈŒλ³΄λ‹€ 1,000λ°° 더 높은 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό λΆ€κ³Όν•˜λ©΄
05:21
the X-rays that those produce
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μƒμ„±λ˜λŠ” Xμ„ μœΌλ‘œ
05:24
can actually deliver enough ionizing radiation to kill human cells.
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세포λ₯Ό μ£½μ΄λŠ” 전리 방사선을 λ§Œλ“€ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:28
And if you can shape and direct those X-rays where you want them to go,
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이 X선을 μ›ν•˜λŠ” 곳에 직접 νˆ¬κ³Όν•˜λ©΄
05:32
that allows us to do an incredible thing:
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λ†€λΌμš΄ 것을 λ°œκ²¬ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€:
05:35
to treat cancer without drugs or surgery,
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μ•½μ΄λ‚˜ 수술이 μ•„λ‹Œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ 암을 μΉ˜λ£Œν•˜λŠ”
05:38
which we call radiotherapy.
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방사선 치료라 λΆ€λ₯΄λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ§€μš”.
05:40
In countries like Australia and the UK,
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ν˜Έμ£Όμ™€ 영ꡭ과 같은 κ΅­κ°€λ“€μ—μ„œλŠ”
05:43
around half of all cancer patients are treated using radiotherapy.
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μ•” ν™˜μžμ˜ 절반 정도가 방사선 치료둜 치료λ₯Ό λ°›μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:47
And so, electron accelerators are actually standard equipment
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ „μž 가속기가 λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ λ³‘μ›μ—μ„œ 사싀상 ν‘œμ€€ μž₯λΉ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
in most hospitals.
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05:53
Or, a little closer to home:
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κ°€κΉŒμ΄ 보면 κ°€μ •μ—μ„œ
05:56
if you have a smartphone or a computer --
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ν•Έλ“œν°μ΄λ‚˜ 컴퓨터,
05:58
and this is TEDx, so you've got both with you right now, right?
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TEDx μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μ§€κΈˆ λͺ¨λ‘ 가지고 κ³„μ‹œμ£ ?
06:03
Well, inside those devices
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κΈ°κΈ°λ“€ μ•ˆμ—λŠ”
06:06
are chips that are made by implanting single ions into silicon,
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단일 철을 μ‹€λ¦¬μ½˜μ— μ£Όμž…ν•˜μ—¬ λ§Œλ“  칩이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
06:10
in a process called ion implantation.
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이 과정을 이온 μ£Όμž…μ΄λΌ λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:13
And that uses a particle accelerator.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ μ „μž 가속기가 μ΄μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
Without curiosity-driven research, though,
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ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ΄ 뢈러온 연ꡬ가 μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄
06:22
none of these things would exist at all.
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이 λͺ¨λ“  일은 μ „ν˜€ 일어날 수 μ—†μ—ˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:27
So, over the years, we really learned to explore inside the atom.
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μˆ˜λ…„κ°„ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ›μž λ‚΄λΆ€λ₯Ό νƒκ΅¬ν•˜μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
And to do that, we had to learn to develop particle accelerators.
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그리고 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ „μž 가속기λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•˜μ—¬μ•Όλ§Œ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:37
The first ones we developed let us split the atom.
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μΌμ„ΈλŒ€ μ „μž κ°€μ†κΈ°λŠ” μ›μžλ₯Ό λΆ„ν•΄μ‹œν‚€λ„λ‘ κ°œλ°œν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
And then we got to higher and higher energies;
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κ·Έλ¦¬κ³ λŠ” κ³  μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μ£Όμž…ν•˜λ„λ‘
06:45
we created circular accelerators that let us delve into the nucleus
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μ›ν˜• 가속기λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•˜μ—¬ 핡을 μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
06:49
and then create new elements, even.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μ›μ†Œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄κΈ°κΉŒμ§€ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:53
And at that point, we were no longer just exploring inside the atom.
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이 μ§€μ μ—μ„œ μ›μž λ‚΄λΆ€λ§Œ μ—°κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
We'd actually learned how to control these particles.
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이 μž…μžλ“€μ„ ν†΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ•Œμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:01
We'd learned how to interact with our world
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μ‹€μ œ 세계와
07:03
on a scale that's too small for humans to see or touch
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λ„ˆλ¬΄ μž‘μ•„μ„œ 인λ₯˜κ°€ λ³΄κ±°λ‚˜ 만질 수 μ—†μœΌλ©° μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μžˆλŠ”μ§€
07:08
or even sense that it's there.
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μ•Œ μˆ˜λ„ μ—†λŠ” 것을 ꡐλ₯˜ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 μ•Œμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
And then we built larger and larger accelerators,
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그리고 더 큰 가속기λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•˜λŠ”λ°
07:16
because we were curious about the nature of the universe.
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μ΄λŠ” μ„Έκ³„μ˜ 본질이 κΆκΈˆν•˜μ˜€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:19
As we went deeper and deeper, new particles started popping up.
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더 깊이 μ•Œμ•„κ°ˆ 수둝 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μž…μžλŠ” 계속 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
Eventually, we got to huge ring-like machines
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λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ κ±°λŒ€ν•œ λ°˜μ§€ λͺ¨μ–‘μ˜ 기계λ₯Ό κ°œλ°œν•˜μ—¬
07:27
that take two beams of particles in opposite directions,
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μž…μžμ— λ°˜λŒ€ λ°©ν–₯μ—μ„œ 두 개의 빛을 쏘이고
07:31
squeeze them down to less than the width of a hair
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머리카락 λ‘κ»˜λ³΄λ‹€ μ–‡κ²Œ λˆŒλŸ¬μ„œ
07:33
and smash them together.
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μ„œλ‘œ μΆ©λŒν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:35
And then, using Einstein's E=mc2,
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μ•„μΈμŠˆνƒ€μΈμ˜ 곡식 E=mc2을 μ΄μš©ν•˜μ—¬
07:38
you can take all of that energy and convert it into new matter,
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좩돌 μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ— μ „ν™˜μ‹œν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:42
new particles which we rip from the very fabric of the universe.
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ λ¬Όμ§ˆμ€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μž…μžλ‘œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κΊΌλ‚Έ μ„Έκ³„μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έ κ΅¬μ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:48
Nowadays, there are about 35,000 accelerators in the world,
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μ „μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 35,000개의 가속기가 있으며
07:53
not including televisions.
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μ΄λŠ” λ¬Όλ‘  ν…”λ ˆλΉ„μ „μ„ μ œμ™Έν•œ μˆ«μžμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:55
And inside each one of these incredible machines,
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이 λ†€λΌμš΄ 기계 μ•ˆμ—λŠ”
07:59
there are hundreds of billions of tiny particles,
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μˆ˜μ²œμ–΅ 개의 μž‘μ€ μž…μžλ“€μ΄ 있으며
08:02
dancing and swirling in systems that are more complex
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우주 ν˜•μ„±λ³΄λ‹€λ„ 더 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œ
08:06
than the formation of galaxies.
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μΆ€μΆ”κ³  μ†Œμš©λŒμ΄ 치고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:08
You guys, I can't even begin to explain how incredible it is
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이것이 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ†€λΌμš΄μ§€ 말둜 ν‘œν˜„ν•  수 μ‘°μ°¨ μ—†λ„€μš”.
08:12
that we can do this.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄λ‚΄μ—ˆλ‹€λ‹ˆ 말이죠.
08:14
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
08:16
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
08:23
So I want to encourage you to invest your time and energy
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό μ—λ„ˆμ§€λ₯Ό
08:27
in people that do curiosity-driven research.
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ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ΄ 이끈 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ—κ²Œ νˆ¬μžν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:31
It was Jonathan Swift who once said,
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이것은 μ‘°λ‚˜λ‹¨ μŠ€μœ„ν”„νŠΈκ°€ λ§ν–ˆλ“―μ΄
08:34
"Vision is the art of seeing the invisible."
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"상상은 보이지 μ•ŠλŠ” 것을 λ³΄λŠ” μ˜ˆμˆ μ΄λ‹€."
08:38
And over a century ago, J.J. Thompson did just that,
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ν•œ μ„ΈκΈ° 전에 J.J.ν†°μŠ¨μ΄
08:41
when he pulled back the veil on the subatomic world.
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μ•„μ›μž μ„Έμƒμ˜ 베일을 λ²—κ²Όλ˜ κ²ƒμ²˜λŸΌ
08:45
And now we need to invest in curiosity-driven research,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ΄ 이끈 연ꡬ에 νˆ¬μžν•΄μ•Όλ§Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:49
because we have so many challenges that we face.
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” λ‹€κ°€μ˜¬ λ§Žμ€ λ¬Έμ œλ“€μ΄ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ§€μš”.
08:52
And we need patience;
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그리고 κΈ°λ‹€λ €μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:54
we need to give scientists the time, the space and the means
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κ³Όν•™μžλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ‹œκ°„, 곡간,
08:58
to continue their quest,
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탐ꡬλ₯Ό 계속할 μˆ˜λ‹¨μ„ μ£Όμ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜μ£ .
09:00
because history tells us
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μ—­μ‚¬μ μœΌλ‘œ
09:02
that if we can remain curious and open-minded
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ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬ κ°€λ“ν•˜κ³  μ—΄λ¦° 마음일 λ•Œμ˜ 연ꡬ κ²°κ³Όκ°€
09:05
about the outcomes of research,
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09:08
the more world-changing our discoveries will be.
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λ”μš± 세상을 λ°”κΏ€ 발견으둜 μ΄λŒμ—ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ 
09:11
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:12
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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