How shocking events can spark positive change | Naomi Klein

68,279 views ใƒป 2018-03-29

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Yoonkeun Ji ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
There's a question I've been puzzling over and writing about
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ฑ์ธ ์‹œ์ ˆ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋˜ ๊ธ€๋กœ ์ ์–ด๋ณด์•˜๋˜
00:16
for pretty much all of my adult life.
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๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Why do some large-scale crises
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ํฐ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊นจ์šฐ๊ณ 
00:23
jolt us awake and inspire us to change and evolve
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์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง„ํ™”ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด
00:28
while others might jolt us a bit,
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์–ด์งธ์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„
00:31
but then it's back to sleep?
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
00:33
Now, the kind of shocks I'm talking about are big --
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด๋ž€ ์Šˆํผ๋งˆ์ผ“ ์ถฉ๋Œ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋‚˜ ํŒŒ์‹œ์ฆ˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋‘
00:37
a cataclysmic market crash, rising fascism,
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์‚ฐ์—… ์žฌํ•ด๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
an industrial accident that poisons on a massive scale.
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00:46
Now, events like this can act like a collective alarm bell.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ข…์„ ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
00:52
Suddenly, we see a threat, we get organized.
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‹ฅ์นœ ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋งž์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งž์„ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
We discover strength and resolve that was previously unimaginable.
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์ด์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ํž˜๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ๋ ฅ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์ฃ .
01:01
It's as if we're no longer walking, but leaping.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋„์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
01:06
Except, our collective alarm seems to be busted.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด์   ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊นจ์šฐ๋˜ ์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ๊บผ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
Faced with a crisis, we often fall apart, regress
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์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋งž์•„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ณ , ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ณ 
01:15
and that becomes a window for antidemocratic forces
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์„ธ๋ ฅ์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ›„ํ‡ด ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๋” ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ
01:19
to push societies backwards, to become more unequal and more unstable.
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๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
Ten years ago, I wrote about this backwards process
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10๋…„ ์ „ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ํ›„ํ‡ด ํ˜„์ƒ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด
01:30
and I called it the "Shock Doctrine."
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ ์ด๋ก (Shock Doctrine) ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ช…๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
So what determines which road we navigate through crisis?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ—ค์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
01:38
Whether we grow up fast and find those strengths
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•ด ํž˜์„ ์–ป์„ ์ง€
01:41
or whether we get knocked back.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋’ค๋กœ ํ›„ํ‡ดํ•˜๊ณ  ๋งˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:44
And I'd say this is a pressing question these days.
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์š”์ฆ˜๋“ค์–ด ๊ฝค ๋ฌด๊ฑฐ์šด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
Because things are pretty shocking out there.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์‹ฌ์ƒ์น˜ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
01:51
Record-breaking storms, drowning cities,
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๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ํƒœํ’, ๋ฌผ์— ์ž ๊ธด ๋„์‹œ
01:54
record-breaking fires threatening to devour them,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์–ด์‚ผํ‚ฌ ๋“ฏํ•œ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ˜• ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ
01:58
thousands of migrants disappearing beneath the waves.
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์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์ด๋ฏผ์ž๋“ค์ด ํŒŒ๋„์— ํœฉ์“ธ๋ ค ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
And openly supremacist movements rising,
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๋ฐฑ์ธ ์šฐ์›”์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์˜ ์‹œ์œ„๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ณต์—ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉฐ
02:06
in many of our countries there are torches in the streets.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
And now there's no shortage of people who are sounding the alarm.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
But as a society, I don't think we can honestly say
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฅ์ณ์˜ค๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์—
02:21
that we're responding with anything like the urgency
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๊ฑธ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ฐ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
that these overlapping crises demand from us.
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02:29
And yet, we know from history
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์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:31
that it is possible for crisis to catalyze a kind of evolutionary leap.
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์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ๋„์•ฝ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
And one of the most striking examples of this progressive power of crisis
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์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์  ํž˜์„ ์ž˜ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ
02:44
is the Great Crash of 1929.
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1929๋…„์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ์„ ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
There was the shock of the sudden market collapse
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์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ถ•๊ดดํ–ˆ๊ณ 
02:50
followed by all of the aftershocks,
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๊ทธ ์—ฌํŒŒ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
02:52
the millions who lost everything thrown onto breadlines.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ๋งŒ์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ตœ์ € ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ƒํ™œ๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ชฐ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
And this was taken by many as a message that the system itself was broken.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ ์ž์ฒด์˜ ๋ถ•๊ดด๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
And many people listened and they leapt into action.
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๋˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–‰๋™์— ๋‚˜์„œ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
In the United States and elsewhere, governments began to weave a safety net
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์•ˆ์ „๋ง์„ ์กฐ์งํ•ด์„œ
03:12
so that the next time there was a crash
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ์•„์™€๋„
03:14
there would be programs like social security to catch people.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ ์•ˆ์ „ ์ฒด๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
There were huge job-creating public investments
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์ฃผํƒ, ์ „๊ธฐ, ์ˆ˜์†ก ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ
03:21
in housing, electrification and transit.
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์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ ์กฐ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ํˆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
And there was a wave of aggressive regulation
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์€ํ–‰์— ์žฌ๊ฐˆ์„ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:29
to reign in the banks.
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ๊ทœ์ œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋ถˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:30
Now, these reforms were far from perfect.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฐœํ˜์€ ํ•œ์ฐธ ๊ธฐ์ค€์— ๋ชป ๋ฏธ์น˜์ฃ .
03:33
In the US, African American workers, immigrants and women
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ํ‘์ธ ๋…ธ๋™์ž, ์ด๋ฏผ์ž, ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์ œ์™ธ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
were largely excluded.
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03:39
But the Depression period,
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๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์™€
03:41
along with the transformation of allied nations and economies
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2์ฐจ ๋Œ€์ „ ๋‹น์‹œ ์—ฐํ•ฉ๊ตญ์ด ์‹ค์‹œํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ ๊ฐœํ˜ ๋“ฑ
03:45
during the World War II effort,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์€
03:47
show us that it is possible for complex societies
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๊ณ ๋„ํ™”๋œ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ผ๋„ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋งž์„œ
03:51
to rapidly transform themselves in the face of a collective threat.
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๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ค„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
Now, when we tell this story of the 1929 Crash,
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1929๋…„ ๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
04:01
that's usually the formula that it follows --
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๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ ๋•Œ๋„ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ์š”
04:04
that there was a shock and it induced a wake-up call
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์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ํ”๋“  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊นจ์šฐ๊ณ 
04:09
and that produced a leap to a safer place.
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๋” ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ ๋„์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ‘๊ฑฐ๋ฆ„์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
Now, if that's really what it took,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋˜ ์›๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
04:15
then why isn't it working anymore?
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์–ด์งธ์„œ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
04:18
Why do today's non-stop shocks --
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์€
04:21
why don't they spur us into action?
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์–ด์งธ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
04:24
Why don't they produce leaps?
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์–ด์งธ์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋„์•ฝ์ด ์ด๋ค„์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
04:26
Especially when it comes to climate change.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:29
So I want to talk to you today
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ
04:31
about what I think is a much more complete recipe for deep transformation
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ
04:36
catalyzed by shocking events.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
And I'm going to focus on two key ingredients
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์šฐ์„  ์—ญ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”์†Œ์—
04:41
that usually get left out of the history books.
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์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
04:45
One has to do with imagination, the other with organization.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
Because it's in the interplay between the two
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ํ˜๋ช…์„ ์ด๋„๋Š” ํž˜์€ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์š”์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ํž˜์„ ํ•ฉ์น  ๋•Œ
04:54
where revolutionary power lies.
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๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
04:56
So let's start with imagination.
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๋จผ์ € ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:59
The victories of the New Deal didn't happen just because suddenly
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๋‰ด๋”œ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ž์œ ๋ฐฉ์ž„์˜ ์ž”ํ˜น์„ฑ์„ ์–ด๋Š๋‚  ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ
05:03
everybody understood the brutalities of laissez-faire.
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๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•„์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
This was a time, let's remember, of tremendous ideological ferment,
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์ด ๋‹น์‹œ๋Š” ๋Œ€์ค‘๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋†“๊ณ 
05:13
when many different ideas about how to organize societies
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์ˆ˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์‹ธ์šฐ๋˜
05:16
did battle with one another in the public square.
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์‚ฌ์ƒ์  ๊ฒฉ๋™๊ณผ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
A time when humanity dared to dream big
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์ธ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜
05:22
about different kinds of futures,
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์›๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฟˆ์— ๊ฐํžˆ ๋„์ „ํ•˜๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
many of them organized along radically egalitarian lines.
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๋งŽ์€ ์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ธ‰์ง„์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‰๋“ฑํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ญ‰์น˜๋˜ ๋•Œ์˜€์ฃ .
05:29
Now, not all of these ideas were good
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์ด ๋‹น์‹œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ์‚ฌ์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
05:31
but this was an era of explosive imagining.
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์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋„˜์ณ ํญ๋ฐœํ•˜๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์–ด์š”.
05:36
This meant that the movements demanding change
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๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
05:39
knew what they were against -- crushing poverty, widening inequality --
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๊ฐ€๋‚œ์„ ์—†์• ๊ณ  ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์„ ์—†์• ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
05:43
but just as important, they knew what they were for.
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
05:46
They had their "no" and they had their "yes," too.
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์–ธ์ œ "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  "์˜ˆ"๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:51
They also had very different models of political organization
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ƒ์ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ •์น˜ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์ด
05:55
than we do today.
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์กด์žฌํ•˜๋˜ ๋•Œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:56
For decades, social and labor movements
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ฐ ๋…ธ๋™์šด๋™์€
05:59
had been building up their membership bases,
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๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชฉ์  ์˜์‹ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ญ‰์ณ์„œ
06:01
linking their causes together and increasing their strength.
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์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์„ธ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ ค์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Which meant that by the time the Crash happened,
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์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ณตํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์„ ๋‹น์‹œ
06:08
there was already a movement that was large and broad enough
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๊ณต์žฅ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ์ •๋„๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋„์‹œ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋น„์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์žˆ์„ ์ •๋„๋กœ
06:12
to, for instance, stage strikes that didn't just shut down factories,
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋…ธ๋™์šด๋™์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋˜
06:17
but shut down entire cities.
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์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
The big policy wins of the New Deal were actually offered as compromises.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‰ด๋”œ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์„ฑ๊ณต์€ ํƒ€ํ˜‘์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
Because the alternative seemed to be revolution.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜๋ช…์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์„ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
06:30
So, let's adjust that equation from earlier.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ณต์‹์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ •์˜ํ•ด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:34
A shocking event plus utopian imagination
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์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๊ณผ ์œ ํ† ํ”ผ์•„์  ์ƒ์ƒ๋ ฅ
06:38
plus movement muscle,
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ฌํšŒ ์šด๋™์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•  ํž˜์ด ๋ถ™์„ ๋•Œ
06:39
that's how we get a real leap.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ์‹ค์ œ ๋„์•ฝ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:43
So how does our present moment measure up?
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์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
06:46
We are living, once again, at a time of extraordinary political engagements.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ •์น˜์  ์ฐธ์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:50
Politics is a mass obsession.
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์ •์น˜๋Š” ๊ณง ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ๊ฐ•๋ฐ•๊ด€๋…๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:53
Progressive movements are growing and resisting with tremendous courage.
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์ง„๋ณด ์šด๋™์€ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์šฉ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์—๋งŒ ๊ฒฌ๋””๋ฉฐ ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
And yet, we know from history that "no" is not enough.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์•„์ง "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
Now, there are some "yeses" out there that are emerging.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ "์˜ˆ"๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:06
And they're actually getting a lot bolder quickly.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
07:10
Where climate activists used to talk about changing light bulbs,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™” ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์ „๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
07:14
now we're pushing for 100 percent of our energy
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํƒœ์–‘๊ณผ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ, ์ˆ˜๋ ฅ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ด์„œ
07:16
to come from the sun, wind and waves,
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์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ 100% ์ˆ˜๊ธ‰ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
and to do it fast.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์†๋„๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
07:22
Movements catalyzed by police violence against black bodies
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ํ‘์ธ์„ ํ–ฅํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ํญ๋ ฅ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์€
07:26
are calling for an end to militarized police, mass incarceration
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๋ฌด์žฅ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ์ง‘๋‹จ ํˆฌ์˜ฅ ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด๋Š” ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์ œ์˜ ํ์ง€๊นŒ์ง€
07:31
and even for reparations for slavery.
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์ด๋Œ์–ด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Students are not just opposing tuition increases,
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ต์œก๋น„์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
07:37
but from Chile to Canada to the UK,
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์น ๋ ˆ์—์„œ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ์˜๊ตญ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€
07:41
they are calling for free tuition and debt cancellation.
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๊ต์œก ๋ฌด์ƒํ™”์™€ ๋นš์˜ ๋ณ€์ œ๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
And yet, this still doesn't add up
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
07:48
to the kind of holistic and universalist vision
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์•ž์„  ์„ธ๋Œ€๋“ค์ด ๊ฟˆ๊ฟจ๋˜ ์ „์ฒด๋ก ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๋Š”
07:52
of a different world than our predecessors had.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ๊ณผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
So why is that?
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์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
07:57
Well, very often we think about political change
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ •์น˜์  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ
08:00
in defined compartments these days.
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๊ฐ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋กœ๋”ฐ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Environment in one box, inequality in another,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ์ž์—
08:07
racial and gender justice in a couple of other boxes,
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์ธ์ข…์ด๋‚˜ ์  ๋” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ์ž์—
08:11
education over here, health over there.
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๊ต์œก์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
08:15
And within each compartment,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์—๋Š”
08:16
there are thousands upon thousands of different groups and NGOs,
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ฒด์™€ NGO๊ฐ€
08:21
each competing with one another for credit, name recognition
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๋ช…์„ฑ, ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ธ์‹, ๊ฒฝ์ œ ํ›„์›๋“ฑ์„ ๋†“๊ณ 
08:25
and of course, resources.
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹คํˆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
In other words, we act a lot like corporate brands.
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—…๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:32
Now, this is often referred to as the problem of silos.
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์ด๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์ผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์ œ(the problem of silos)๋ผ๊ณ 
08:36
Now, silos are understandable.
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ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ดํ•ด๋Š” ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
They carve up our complex world into manageable chunks.
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๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์–ฝํžŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
08:42
They help us feel less overwhelmed.
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๋•๋ถ„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์šฉ์ดํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
But in the process, they also train our brains to tune out
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ณผ์ • ์†์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ๋Š” ํƒ€์ธ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์›€์— ์ฒ˜ํ•  ๋•Œ
08:49
when somebody else's issue comes up
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์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋„์›€๊ณผ ์ง€์›์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„
08:52
and when somebody else's issue needs our help and support.
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๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‡Œ๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
And they also keep us from seeing glaring connections between our issues.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์„œ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ฃ .
09:03
So for instance, the people fighting poverty and inequality
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๊ฐ€๋‚œ๊ณผ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์€
09:06
rarely talk about climate change.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Even though we see time and again
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๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์ด ๊ธฐํ›„์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์ด
09:10
that it's the poorest of people
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์ด๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
09:12
who are the most vulnerable to extreme weather.
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๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:16
The climate change people rarely talk about war and occupation.
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์€ ์ „์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์ง€ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
Even though we know that the thirst for fossil fuels
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ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์š•์‹ฌ์ด
09:22
has been a major driver of conflict.
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๋ถ„์Ÿ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ์ฃผ์š”์›์ธ์ž„์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
09:26
The environmental movement has gotten better at pointing out
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์šด๋™์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ฐ€ ์ ์  ์ปค์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„
09:29
that the nations that are getting hit hardest by climate change
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์ง€์ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ๋Šฅ์ˆ™ํ•ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ํ”ผํ•ด๊ตญ๋“ค์€
09:33
are populated overwhelmingly by black and brown people.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๊ฒ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋‘์šด ํ”ผ๋ถ€์ƒ‰์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ผ์ฃ .
09:37
But when black lives are treated as disposable
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต, ๊ธธ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ํ‘์ธ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜
09:40
in prisons, in schools and on the streets,
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์ฐจ๋ณ„๋ฐ›๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋•Œ
09:44
these connections are too rarely made.
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
The walls between our silos
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๊ฐ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์€ ๊ณง
09:49
also means that our solutions, when they emerge,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ
09:53
are also disconnected from each other.
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์„œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋œ ์ฑ„ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ ์ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
So progressives now have this long list of demands that I was mentioning earlier,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐœํ˜์šด๋™์€ ์ด์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•ž์„œ ๋งํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ "์˜ˆ(yes)"๋ฅผ
10:00
those "yeses."
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์•„์šฐ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
But what we're still missing
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
10:03
is that coherent picture of the world we're fighting for.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ ค๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ์ข…ํ•ฉ์ ์ธ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์•„์ง๋„ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
What it looks like, what it feels like, and most of all, what its core values are.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ ์ด์š”.
10:12
And that really matters.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ฃ .
10:14
Because when large-scale crises hit us
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์œ„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฎ์น  ๋•Œ
10:17
and we are confronted with the need to leap somewhere safer,
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๋” ๋‚˜์€, ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋กœ์˜ ์ดํ–‰์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋•Œ
10:21
there isn't any agreement on what that place is.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌํšŒ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ฉ์˜๊ฐ€ ์กด์žฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:25
And leaping without a destination
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์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชฉ์ ์ง€ ์—†์ด
10:28
looks a lot like jumping up and down.
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๊ทธ์ € ๋„์•ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ์ž๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋›ฐ๋Š” ์ผ์ด ๋˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
10:31
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
10:32
Fortunately, there are all kinds of conversations and experiments going on
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•ž์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ง‰๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ ์‚ฌ์•ˆ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋ฒฝ์„ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
10:36
to try to overcome these divisions that are holding us back.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์™€ ์‹คํ—˜์ด ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
And I want to finish by talking about one of them.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฐ•์—ฐ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
A couple of years ago, a group of us in Canada
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์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ์ž„์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€
10:45
decided that we were hitting the limits
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ
10:47
of what we could accomplish in our various silos.
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ํ•œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
So we locked ourselves in a room for two days,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์— ์ดํ‹€๋™์•ˆ ์ณ๋ฐ•ํ˜€์„œ
10:53
and we tried to figure out what bound us together.
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐˆ๋ผ๋†“๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งž๋Œ€๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์งœ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
In that room were people who rarely get face to face.
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๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋งˆ์ฃผํ•  ์ผ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
11:01
There were indigenous elders with hipsters working on transit.
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ํ† ๋ฐ•์ด ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ํž™์Šคํ„ฐ๋“ค
11:05
There was the head of Greenpeace
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๊ทธ๋ฆฐํ”ผ์Šค์˜ ์ˆ˜์žฅ
11:07
with a union leader representing oil workers and loggers.
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์„์œ  ์‚ฐ์—… ๋…ธ๋™์ž์™€ ๋ฒŒ๋ชฉ๊พผ์˜ ๋…ธ์กฐ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ
11:11
There were faith leaders and feminist icons and many more.
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๋˜ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์šด๋™์˜ ์ž๋„์ž ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ ๊ฐ์ข… ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:15
And we gave ourselves a pretty ambitious assignment:
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์•ผ์‹ฌ์ฐฌ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ์„ธ์› ์ฃ . ์Šน๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์Ÿ์ทจํ•œ ๋’ค ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐˆ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ
11:18
agreeing on a short statement describing the world after we win.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งง์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์š”์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
11:24
The world after we've already made the transition to a clean economy
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ถ€ํŒจ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์™€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‚œ ์ดํ›„
11:29
and a much fairer society.
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๋“ฑ์žฅํ•  ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:31
In other words,
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
11:33
instead of trying to scare people about what will happen if we don't act,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ดˆ๋ž˜๋  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฒ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
11:37
we decided to try to inspire them with what could happen if we did act.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์— ์ฐฉ์ˆ˜ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์–ด์š”
11:43
Sensible people are always telling us
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์–‘์‹์žˆ๋Š” ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ๋น„๋‘˜๊ธฐ ๊ฑธ์Œ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
11:46
that change needs to come in small increments.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š˜์ƒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
That politics is the art of the possible
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์ •์น˜๋ž€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์ด๊ณ 
11:52
and that we can't let the perfect be the enemy of the good.
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์™„๋ฒฝ์„ ์ข‡๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ๋งˆ์ € ๋†“์ณ์„  ์•ˆ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:56
Well, we rejected all of that.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
We wrote a manifesto, and we called it "The Leap."
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ ์–ธ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ "๋„์•ฝ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ €์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:02
I have to tell you that agreeing on our common "yes"
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
12:06
across such diversity of experiences
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์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์•„ํ”ˆ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋’ค๋กœํ•œ ์ฑ„
12:08
and against a backdrop of a lot of painful history
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•ฉ์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”"์˜ˆ"๋ฅผ ๋„์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Œ์„ ๊ณ ๋ฐฑํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
12:12
was not easy work.
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12:14
But it was also pretty thrilling.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‹œ์— ๊ฐ€์Šด ๋–จ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
Because as soon as we gave ourselves permission to dream,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฟˆ์„ ๊ฟ”๋„ ์ข‹๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งˆ์Œ๋จน๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„
12:20
those threads connecting much of our work became self-evident.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฐ๋‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์„ ์ด์–ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
12:24
We realized, for instance,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด
12:25
that the bottomless quest for profits
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๋์—†๋Š” ์ด์œค ์ถ”๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์  ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
12:28
that is forcing so many people to work more than 50 hours a week,
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋‹น 50์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ด์ƒ์„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ
12:32
without security,
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์ผํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
and that is fueling this epidemic of despair
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๋˜ ๋์—†๋Š” ์ด์œค ์ถ”๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ทธ์น  ์ค„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๋Š” ์„ฑ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์š•์‹ฌ์ด
12:37
is the same quest for bottomless profits and endless growth
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์ ˆ๋ง์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์„ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
12:42
that is at the heart of our ecological crisis
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์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์›์ธ
12:45
and is destabilizing our planet.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์— ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
It also became clear what we need to do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๋„ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•ด์กŒ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
12:51
We need to create a culture of care-taking.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฑ™๊ฒจ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
In which no one and nowhere is thrown away.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„, ์–ด๋Š ์ง€์—ญ๋„ ๋ฒ„๋ฆผ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”
12:59
In which the inherent value of all people and every ecosystem is foundational.
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๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๋‚ด์  ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์กด์ค‘๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ฌธํ™”์š”.
13:06
So we came up with this people's platform,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ด์€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
and don't worry, I'm not going to read the whole thing to you out loud --
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ „๋ถ€ ์ฝ์–ด๋“œ๋ฆด ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
13:11
if you're interested, you can read it at theleap.org.
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theleap.org๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ง์ ‘ ์ฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
But I will give you a taste of what we came up with.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ƒ ์„ ๋Œ€๋žต์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
13:18
So we call for that 100 percent renewable economy in a hurry,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒœ์—ฐ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋งŒ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์กฐ์†ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
but we went further.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ด์— ๊ทธ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
Calls for new kinds of trade deals,
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌด์—ญ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
13:27
a robust debate on a guaranteed annual income,
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์ตœ์†Œ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋“์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ๋ฐœํ•œ ํ† ๋ก 
13:30
full rights for immigrant workers,
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์ด์ฃผ ๋…ธ๋™์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€์—ฌ
13:32
getting corporate money out of politics,
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์ •๊ฒฝ์œ ์ฐฉ์˜ ๊ธˆ์ง€
13:35
free universal day care, electoral reform and more.
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์ „๊ตญ ์–ด๋””์„œ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ์ธ ํƒ์•„์†Œ์™€, ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฐœํ˜ ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ์ด์š”.
13:39
What we discovered is that a great many of us
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์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž๊ธฐ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์šด๋™ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด
13:43
are looking for permission to act less like brands and more like movements.
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์›€์ง์ด๋ ค ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:49
Because movements don't care about credit.
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์šด๋™ ๊ทธ ์ž์ฒด์—๋Š” ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ๋ช…์˜ˆ๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
13:51
They want good ideas to spread far and wide.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ด์š”.
13:55
What I love about The Leap
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋„์•ฝ(The Leap)์šด๋™์„ ์—ด๋ ฌํžˆ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š”
13:56
is that it rejects the idea that there is this hierarchy of crisis,
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์œ„๊ธฐ์—๋„ ๊ฒฝ์ค‘์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:00
and it doesn't ask anyone to prioritize one struggle over another
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์›€์ง์ผ ๊ฒƒ์„
14:04
or wait their turn.
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์š”๊ตฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
And though it was birthed in Canada,
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๋„์•ฝ์šด๋™์€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋์ง€๋งŒ
14:09
we've discovered that it travels well.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ํผ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:11
Since we launched, The Leap has been picked up around the world
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๋„์•ฝ์šด๋™์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋œ ์ด๋ž˜ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์šด๋™์ด
14:14
with similar platforms,
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ
14:16
being written from Nunavut to Australia,
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๋ˆ„๋‚˜๋ถ€ํŠธ(์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์˜ ์ค€์ฃผ)์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ
14:19
to Norway to the UK and the US,
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๋…ธ๋ฅด์›จ์ด, ์˜๊ตญ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊นŒ์ง€ ํผ์กŒ๊ณ 
14:22
where it's gaining a lot of traction in cities like Los Angeles,
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๋กœ์Šค์—”์ ค๋ ˆ์Šค ๊ฐ™์€ ๋„์‹œ์—์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
14:25
where it's being localized.
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๊ทธ ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:27
And also in rural communities that are traditionally very conservative,
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์™ธ๋ฉด๋ฐ›์•˜๋˜
14:31
but where politics is failing the vast majority of people.
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๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋„ ๊ณต๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
Here's what I've learned from studying shocks and disasters for two decades.
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์ง€๋‚œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด ์‚ฌ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
Crises test us.
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์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‹œํ—˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:47
We either fall apart or we grow up fast.
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์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งž๊ณ  ์“ฐ๋Ÿฌ์ง€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ฃ .
14:51
Finding new reserves of strength and capacity that we never knew we had.
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์ด์ „์—๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ํž˜๊ณผ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
The shocking events that fill us with dread today
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ ˆ๋ง์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฑ„์šฐ๋Š” ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์ด
15:00
can transform us, and they can transform the world for the better.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€ํ™”์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ์„ธ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
But first we need to picture the world that we're fighting for.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์ž˜ ์•Œ์•„๋‘ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:10
And we have to dream it up together.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฟˆ๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
Right now, every alarm in our house is going off simultaneously.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์Œ์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ๊บผ์ง€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:19
It's time to listen.
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์ด์ œ ๊ท€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์šธ์ผ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:21
It's time to leap.
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๋„์•ฝํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:23
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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