How jails extort the poor | Salil Dudani

89,478 views ใƒป 2017-03-10

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: SooAn Han ๊ฒ€ํ† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:12
One summer afternoon in 2013,
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2013๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚ 
00:15
DC police detained, questioned and searched a man
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด DC ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก์•„ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ƒ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
who appeared suspicious and potentially dangerous.
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๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์ธ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€์š”.
00:22
This wasn't what I was wearing the day of the detention, to be fair,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ๊ธˆ๋˜๋˜ ๋‚ ์˜ ์ฐจ๋ฆผ์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:25
but I have a picture of that as well.
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๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜ ์˜ท์ฐจ๋ฆผ์„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
I know it's very frightening -- try to remain calm.
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๋ฌด์„ญ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธด๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„์š”. ์›ƒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ์š”.
00:30
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:31
At this time, I was interning
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๊ทธ๋•Œ, ์ €๋Š”
00:33
at the Public Defender Service in Washington DC,
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์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด ๊ตญ์„ ๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์„œ๋น„์Šค์—์„œ ์ธํ„ด์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:36
and I was visiting a police station for work.
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์—…๋ฌด ์ƒ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ์— ๋“ค๋ €์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
I was on my way out,
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์ €๋Š” ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:40
and before I could make it to my car,
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์ œ ์ฐจ์— ํƒ€๋ ค๋Š”๋ฐ
00:42
two police cars pulled up to block my exit,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ ๋‘ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์•ž์„ ๊ฐ€๋กœ๋ง‰๊ณ  ์„œ๋”๋‹ˆ
00:44
and an officer approached me from behind.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ œ ๋’ค์—์„œ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
He told me to stop, take my backpack off
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ์„ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“๊ณ 
00:49
and put my hands on the police car parked next to us.
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์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ ์œ„์— ์†์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“์œผ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:52
About a dozen officers then gathered near us.
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์—ด ๋ช… ๋‚จ์ง“ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์„ ์—์›Œ์ŒŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
All of them had handguns,
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ถŒ์ด์„ ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
00:56
some had assault rifles.
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๋ช‡๋ช‡์€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์šฉ ์†Œ์ด์„ ๋“ค๊ณ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:58
They rifled through my backpack.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์ €์˜ ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ์„ ์ƒ…์ƒ…์ด ๋’ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
They patted me down.
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์ œ ๋ชธ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒ‰ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
01:01
They took pictures of me spread on the police car,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ์— ์—Ž๋“œ๋ฆฐ ์ €๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ฐ์—ˆ๊ณ 
01:03
and they laughed.
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์ž๊ธฐ๋“ค๋ผ๋ฆฌ ์›ƒ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
And as all this was happening --
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
01:06
as I was on the police car trying to ignore the shaking in my legs,
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ํ›„๋“ค๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง„์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ฐจ๋กœ ์ด์†ก๋˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
01:09
trying to think clearly about what I should do --
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
something stuck out to me as odd.
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋‹ฅ์นœ ์ด ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์ด์ง€์š”.
01:14
When I look at myself in this photo,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
01:16
if I were to describe myself,
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:18
I think I'd say something like,
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์ €๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
"19-year-old Indian male, bright T-shirt, wearing glasses."
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"19์„ธ, ์ธ๋„ ๋‚จ์„ฑ, ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰ ํ‹ฐ์…”์ธ , ์•ˆ๊ฒฝ ์ฐฉ์šฉ."
01:25
But they weren't including any of these details.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ์ค‘ ์–ด๋–ค ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Into their police radios as they described me,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๋ฌด์ „๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
01:29
they kept saying, "Middle Eastern male with a backpack.
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"์ค‘๋™ ๋‚จ์„ฑ, ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ ์†Œ์ง€" "์ค‘๋™ ๋‚จ์„ฑ, ๋ฐฐ๋‚ญ ์†Œ์ง€"
01:32
Middle Eastern male with a backpack."
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์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์–˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
And this description carried on into their police reports.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—๋„ ๊ณ„์† ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
I never expected to be described by my own government in these terms:
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌ๋˜๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
"lurking,"
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"์ž ๋ณต ์ค‘์ธ"
01:45
"nefarious,"
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"์‚ฌ์•…ํ•œ"
01:47
"terrorist."
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"ํ…Œ๋Ÿฌ๋ฒ”"
01:48
And the detention dragged on like this.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์–ต๋ฅ˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
They sent dogs trained to smell explosives to sweep the area I'd been in.
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๋“ค์ด ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์„ ํƒ์ง€๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ณณ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
They called the federal government to see if I was on any watch lists.
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์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ์ •๋ถ€์— ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์‹œ ๋ช…๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
They sent a couple of detectives to cross-examine me on why,
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๋ช‡ ๋ช…์˜ ์ˆ˜์‚ฌ๊ด€์„ ๋ณด๋‚ด
02:01
if I claimed I had nothing to hide,
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์ˆจ๊ธธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:03
I wouldn't consent to a search of my car.
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์ฐจ ์ˆ˜์ƒ‰์— ์™œ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š๋ƒ๋ฉฐ ๋”ฐ์ ธ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
And I could see they weren't happy with me,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ๊ฐ€์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:07
but I felt I had no way of knowing what they'd want to do next.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธธ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
At one point, the officer who patted me down
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ œ ๋ชธ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์ด
02:13
scanned the side of the police station to see where the security camera was
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ ํ•œ์ชฝ ํŽธ์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์‹œ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
02:16
to see how much of this was being recorded.
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์ด ์žฅ๋ฉด๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋…นํ™”๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
02:19
And when he did that,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:20
it really sank in how completely I was at their mercy.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
I think we're all normalized from a young age
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
02:26
to the idea of police officers and arrests and handcuffs,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ด€, ์ฒดํฌ, ์ˆ˜๊ฐ‘์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
so it's easy to forget how demeaning and coercive a thing it is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ํƒ€์ธ์˜ ์‹ ์ฒด๋ฅผ ์žฅ์•…ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
02:34
to seize control over another person's body.
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ์š•์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ•์••์ ์ธ ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ข…์ข… ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
I know it sounds like the point of my story
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์ œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด ์ถœ์‹  ์ธ์ข… ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ›์€
02:39
is how badly treated I was because of my race --
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๋ถ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ฒ˜์šฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ๊ฒƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
and yes, I don't think I would've been detained if I were white.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์ธ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๊ธˆ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
But actually, what I have in mind today is something else.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋”ฐ๋กœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
What I have in mind is how much worse things might've been
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์œ ๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:50
if I weren't affluent.
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋” ์•ˆ์ข‹์•„์กŒ์„๊นŒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
I mean, they thought I might be trying to plant an explosive,
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์ œ ๋ง์€, ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํญ๋ฐœ๋ฌผ์„ ์„ค์น˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ ค ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ฒผ๊ณ 
02:54
and they investigated that possibility for an hour and a half,
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ํ•œ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐ˜๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:58
but I was never put in handcuffs,
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๊ฐ‘์„ ์ฐจ์ง€๋„
02:59
I was never taken to a jail cell.
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๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
I think if I were from one of Washington DC's poor communities of color,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ดDC์˜ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์œ ์ƒ‰์ธ์ข… ๋™๋„ค ์ถœ์‹ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:05
and they thought I was endangering officers' lives,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์„ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
03:08
things might've ended differently.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ์ผ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
And in fact, in our system, I think it's better to be an affluent person
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ์ด ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„œ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒ์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š”
03:13
suspected of trying to blow up a police station
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์˜์‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๋ถ€์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
than it is to be a poor person
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ž‘์€ ๋ง์ฝ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋ ค๋Š”
03:17
who's suspected of much, much less than this.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
I want to give you an example from my current work.
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์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
Right now, I'm working at a civil rights organization in DC,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ €๋Š” DC์˜ ํ•œ ์ธ๊ถŒ๋‹จ์ฒด์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
called Equal Justice Under Law.
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"๋ฒ• ์•ˆ์˜ ๊ณต์ •"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ฒด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Let me start by asking you all a question.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
How many of you have ever gotten a parking ticket in your life?
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์ฃผ์ฐจ ์œ„๋ฐ˜ ๋”ฑ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋Š์œผ๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์œผ์‹  ๋ถ„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๊ณ„์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:34
Raise your hand.
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์† ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:35
Yeah. So have I.
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๋„ค, ์ €๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
And when I had to pay it,
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๋ฒ”์น™๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ฉ๋ถ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
03:39
it felt annoying and it felt bad,
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์งœ์ฆ๋„ ๋‚˜๊ณ , ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:41
but I paid it and I moved on.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์ € ๋ˆ์„ ๋‚ด ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
I'm guessing most of you have paid your tickets as well.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋‚ฉ๋ถ€ํ•˜์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
But what would happen if you couldn't afford the amount on the ticket
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ ๋ฒ”์น™๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ผ ๋ˆ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
03:50
and your family doesn't have the money either, what happens then?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋„ ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๊นŒ์š”?
03:53
Well, one thing that's not supposed to happen under the law is,
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ํ˜„ํ–‰๋ฒ• ํ•˜์—
03:56
you're not supposed to be arrested and jailed
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๊ตญ๋ฏผ์ด ๋ฒ”์น™๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ผ ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ
03:59
simply because you can't afford to pay.
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์ฒดํฌ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ์†๋ผ์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
That's illegal under federal law.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋ผ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
But that's what local governments across the country are doing
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
04:05
to people who are poor.
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ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
And so many of our lawsuits at Equal Justice Under Law
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†ํ•œ ๋‹จ์ฒด์˜ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ์†ก์ด
04:10
target these modern-day debtors' prisons.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฑ„๋ฌด์ž ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
One of our cases is against Ferguson, Missouri.
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ฃผ๋ฆฌ์ฃผ ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
And I know when I say Ferguson,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด
04:18
many of you will think of police violence.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํญ๋ ฅ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
But today I want to talk about a different aspect
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๊ณณ ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ๊ณผ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜
04:22
of the relationship between their police force and their citizens.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธก๋ฉด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์• ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Ferguson was issuing an average of over two arrest warrants,
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ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ์€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ 1์ธ๋‹น, 1๋…„ ๊ธฐ์ค€
04:29
per person, per year,
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2๊ฑด์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์ฒดํฌ์˜์žฅ์„ ๋ฐœ๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
mostly for unpaid debt to the courts.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋ฏธ์ง€๊ธ‰ ์ฑ„๋ฌด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
When I imagine what that would feel like if, every time I left my house,
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์ง‘์„ ๋‚˜์„ค ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค
04:38
there was a chance a police officer would run my license plate,
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๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ๋‚ด ์ฐจ ๋ฒˆํ˜ธํŒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ,
04:41
see a warrant for unpaid debt,
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๋ฏธ์ง€๊ธ‰ ์ฑ„๋ฌด์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์˜์žฅ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•œ ๋’ค
04:43
seize my body they way the did in DC
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด์—์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚  ๋ถ™์žก์•„
04:45
and then take me to a jail cell,
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๊ฐ์˜ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๊ณ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
04:47
I feel a little sick.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜๋„ ๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
I've met many of the people in Ferguson who have experienced this,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•œ ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋ณธ ์  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
and I've heard some of their stories.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
In Ferguson's jail,
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ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์†Œ์—๋Š”
04:57
in each small cell, there's a bunk bed and a toilet,
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์ž‘์€ ๋ฐฉ๋งˆ๋‹ค 2์ธต ์นจ๋Œ€์™€ ๋ณ€๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ 1๊ฐœ์”ฉ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
but they'd pack four people into each cell.
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๊ฐ ๋ฐฉ์—๋Š” 4๋ช…์ด ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
So there'd be two people on the bunks and two people on the floor,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘ ๋ช…์€ ์นจ๋Œ€์—์„œ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‘ ๋ช…์€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์—์„œ ์ƒํ™œํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
05:05
one with nowhere to go except right next to the filthy toilet,
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์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์€ ๋ณ€๊ธฐ ์˜† ๋ง๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ˆ„์šธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
which was never cleaned.
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์ฒญ์†Œ๋„ ์•ˆ๋œ ๊ณณ์ด์ง€์š”.
05:09
In fact, the whole cell was never cleaned,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ๊ฐ๋ฐฉ์€ ์–ด๋Š ๊ณณ์ด๋“  ๋งค์šฐ ์ง€์ €๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
so the floor and the walls were lined with blood and mucus.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๊ณผ ๋ฒฝ์—๋Š” ํ•์ž๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋ถ„๋น„๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฌป์–ด์žˆ์ง€์š”.
05:15
No water to drink,
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ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ
05:17
except coming out of a spigot connected to the toilet.
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์ˆ˜๋„๊ผญ์ง€์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฌผ ๋ง๊ณ ๋Š” ๋งˆ์‹ค ๋ฌผ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
The water looked and tasted dirty,
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๋ฌผ์€ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ง›์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
there was never enough food,
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์Œ์‹๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„์น˜ ์•Š๊ณ 
05:23
never any showers,
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์”ป์ง€๋„ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
women menstruating without any hygiene products,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์œ„์ƒ์šฉํ’ˆ๋„ ์—†์ด ์›”๊ฒฝ์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ•˜๊ณ 
05:27
no medical attention whatsoever.
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์˜๋ฃŒ ์ง€์› ๋”ฐ์œ„๋„ ์—†์ฃ .
05:29
When I asked a woman about medical attention,
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ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ง€์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌป์ž
05:31
she laughed, and she said, "Oh, no, no.
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์›ƒ์Œ์„ ํ„ฐ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ "์•„๋‡จ, ์ ˆ๋Œ€์š”."๋ผ๋ฉฐ
05:33
The only attention you get from the guards in there is sexual."
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"๊ต๋„๊ด€๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ์„ฑ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
So, they'd take the debtors to this place and they'd say,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฑ„๋ฌด์ž๋“ค์„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค์™€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณค ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
"We're not letting you leave until you make a payment on your debt."
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"๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋นš์„ ๊ฐš์„ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
05:43
And if you could -- if you could call a family member
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ, ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐš์•„์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:46
who could somehow come up with some money,
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:48
then maybe you were out.
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๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
If it was enough money, you were out.
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๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:52
But if it wasn't, you'd stay there for days or weeks,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฉฐ์น  ํ˜น์€ ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
and every day the guards would come down to the cells
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค์ผ ๊ต๋„๊ด€๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด๋ ค์™€
05:58
and haggle with the debtors about the price of release that day.
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์„๋ฐฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‚ ์˜ ๊ธˆ์•ก์„ ํฅ์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
You'd stay until, at some point, the jail would be booked to capacity,
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์ด ๊ฝ‰ ์ฐฐ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
and they'd want to book someone new in.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
And at that point, they'd think,
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๊ทธ ์‹œ์ ์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
"OK, it's unlikely this person can come up with the money,
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ๋งˆ๋ จํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ฒ ๊ตฐ.
06:12
it's more likely this new person will."
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์ƒˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ซ๊ฒ ์–ด."
06:14
You're out, they're in, and the machine kept moving like that.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ณ , ์ƒˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์šด์˜ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
I met a man who,
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์ €๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
nine years ago, was arrested for panhandling in a Walgreens.
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๊ทธ๋Š” 9๋…„ ์ „ ์›”๊ทธ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ฑธ์„ ํ•œ ํ˜์˜๋กœ ์ฒดํฌ๋๋Š”๋ฐ
06:24
He couldn't afford his fines and his court fees from that case.
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๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ํŒ์ • ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋‚ผ ๋ˆ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
When he was young he survived a house fire,
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์„œ ์ง‘์— ๋ถˆ์ด ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ
06:31
only because he jumped out of the third-story window to escape.
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3์ธต ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ด๋ ค ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
But that fall left him with damage to his brain
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋•Œ์˜ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋‡Œ์— ์†์ƒ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ๊ณ 
06:36
and several parts of this body, including his leg.
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๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ์‹ ์ฒด์— ๋ถ€์ƒ์„ ์ž…์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
So he can't work,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ 
06:40
and he relies on social security payments to survive.
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์‚ฌํšŒ๋ณต์ง€์ˆ˜๋‹น์— ์˜์ง€ํ•ด ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
When I met him in his apartment,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:44
he had nothing of value there -- not even food in his fridge.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์—” ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์— ์Œ์‹๋„์š”.
06:47
He's chronically hungry.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งŒ์„ฑ์  ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””์„ ๊ฒช์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
He had nothing of value in his apartment except a small piece of cardboard
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๊ทธ์˜ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ์—๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ๊ทธ๋งŒ ํŒ์ง€ ํ•œ์žฅ๋งŒ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
on which he'd written the names of his children.
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๊ทธ ํŒ์ง€์—๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์ ํ˜€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:54
He cherished this a lot. He was happy to show it to me.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ด ํŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์•„๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
But he can't pay his fines and fees because he has nothing to give.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ์— ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
In the last nine years, he's been arrested 13 times,
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์ง€๋‚œ 9๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ, ๊ทธ๋Š” 13๋ฒˆ ์ฒดํฌ๋๊ณ 
07:03
and jailed for a total of 130 days on that panhandling case.
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๊ตฌ๊ฑธ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ 130์ผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
One of those stretches lasted 45 days.
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๊ทธ์ค‘ ํ•œ ์ผ€์ด์Šค๋Š” 45์ผ๊ฐ„์ด๋‚˜ ์ง€์†๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
Just imagine spending from right now until sometime in June
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์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‹น์žฅ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 6์›”๊นŒ์ง€
07:15
in the place that I described to you a few moments ago.
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๋ช‡๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์ง€๋‚ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
He told me about all the suicide attempts he's seen in Ferguson's jail;
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ ๊ต๋„์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ž์‚ด ์‹œ๋„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
about the time a man found a way to hang himself
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ํ•œ ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž์˜ ์†์ด ๋ฏธ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ฐพ์•„
07:26
out of reach of the other inmates,
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๋ชฉ์„ ๋งค๋‹ฌ์•˜๊ณ 
07:28
so all they could do was yell and yell and yell,
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋˜๊ฑด ๊ฐ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
07:31
trying to get the guards' attention
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋˜ ์งˆ๋Ÿฌ
07:33
so they could come down and cut him down.
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๊ฐ„์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ถœ๋™ํ•ด ์ค„์„ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
And he told me that it took the guards over five minutes to respond,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐ„์ˆ˜๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์™ธ์นจ์— ์‘๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š” 5๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๊ณ 
07:38
and when they came, the man was unconscious.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์™”์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์˜์‹์„ ์žƒ์€ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
So they called the paramedics and the paramedics went to the cell.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ๊ธ‰๋Œ€์›์„ ๋ถˆ๋ €๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๊ธ‰๋Œ€์›๋“ค์ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:44
They said, "He'll be OK,"
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๋Œ€์›๋“ค์€ "๊ดž์ฐฎ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:45
so they just left him there on the floor.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚จ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
I heard many stories like this and they shouldn't have surprised me,
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์ €๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์•˜๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๋„ ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋†€๋ผ์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
because suicide is the single leading cause of death in our local jails.
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์ž์‚ด์€ ๋‹จ์—ฐ ๊ต๋„์†Œ ๋‚ด ์‚ฌ๋ง์˜ ์ฃผ์›์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
This is related to the lack of mental health care in our jails.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ต๋„์†Œ ๋‚ด ์ •์‹ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•๊ด€๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋ผ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
I met a woman, single mother of three, making seven dollars an hour.
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์ €๋Š” ์„ธ ์•„์ด์˜ ์—„๋งˆ์ด์ž ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— 7๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
She relies on food stamps to feed herself and her children.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ์•„์ด์˜ ๋ผ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ์‹๋Ÿ‰๋ฐฐ๊ธ‰ํ‘œ์— ์˜์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
About a decade ago,
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10์—ฌ๋…„์ฏค ์ „์—
08:07
she got a couple of traffic tickets and a minor theft charge,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ ๊ตํ†ต ์œ„๋ฐ˜ ๋”ฑ์ง€์™€ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์ ˆ๋„๋กœ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆํ˜•์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
and she can't afford her fines and fees on those cases.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
Since then, she's been jailed about 10 times on those cases,
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๊ทธ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋“ค๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 10๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
08:18
but she has schizophrenia and bipolar disorder,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •์‹ ๋ถ„์—ด์ฆ๊ณผ ์กฐ์šธ์ฆ์„ ์•“๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
08:20
and she needs medication every day.
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๋งค์ผ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ ํˆฌ์•ฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
She doesn't have access to those medications in Ferguson's jail,
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ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ ๊ต๋„์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ์ด์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
08:25
because no one has access to their medications.
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ํˆฌ์•ฝํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
She told me about what it was like to spend two weeks in a cage,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒˆ์žฅ์—์„œ 2์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผ์ด ์–ด๋• ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:31
hallucinating people and shadows and hearing voices,
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ž ํ™˜๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™˜์ฒญ์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:35
begging for the medication that would make it all stop,
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ํ™˜๊ฐ๊ณผ ํ™˜์ฒญ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์ค„ ์•ฝ์„ ๊ตฌ๊ฑธํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:38
only to be ignored.
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์š”์ฒญ์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฌต์‚ด๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
And this isn't anomalous, either:
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์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
thirty percent of women in our local jails have serious mental health needs
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๊ทธ๋…€์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ 30%์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”
08:45
just like hers,
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์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์ •์‹ ์งˆํ™˜์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:46
but only one in six receives any mental health care while in jail.
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๋‹จ์ง€ 6%์— ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ค‘์— ๊ด€๋ จ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:51
And so, I heard all these stories about this grotesque dungeon
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์ฑ„๋ฌด์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์„ฌ๋œฉํ•œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฐ์˜ฅ.
08:55
that Ferguson was operating for its debtors,
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ํผ๊ฑฐ์Šจ ๊ต๋„์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
and when it came time for me to actually see it
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ณณ์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋•Œ
08:59
and to go visit Ferguson's jail,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
I'm not sure what I was expecting to see,
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด๋ฆฌ๋ผ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
09:03
but I wasn't expecting this.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
It's an ordinary government building.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ณต๊ณต ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
It could be a post office or a school.
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์šฐ์ฒด๊ตญ์ด๋‚˜ ํ•™๊ต๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์„ ๊ณณ์ด์—ˆ์ง€์š”.
09:10
It reminded me that these illegal extortion schemes
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
aren't being run somewhere in the shadows,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ• ํ–‰์œ„๊ฐ€ ํ›„๋ฏธ์ง„ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:16
they're being run out in the open by our public officials.
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๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฐœ๋œ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
They're a matter of public policy.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:20
And this reminded me that poverty jailing in general,
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋นˆ๊ณค์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์—๋Š”
09:23
even outside the debtors' prison context,
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์ฑ„๋ฌด์ž ๊ต๋„์†Œ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ด ๊ผญ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋”๋ผ๋„
09:26
plays a very visible and central role in our justice system.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฒ•์ œ๋„์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์‹œ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
What I have in mind is our policy of bail.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณด์„ ์ œ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:31
In our system, whether you're detained or free,
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ํ˜„ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ๊ตฌ๋ฅ˜ํ• ์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฉดํ• ์ง€์˜ ๊ธฐ์ค€์€
09:34
pending trial is not a matter of how dangerous you are
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ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์œ„ํ—˜ํ•œ ์กด์žฌ์ธ์ง€๋‚˜
09:37
or how much of a flight risk you pose.
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๋„์ฃผ์˜ ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
It's a matter of whether you can afford to post your bail amount.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณด์„๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š๋ƒ์˜ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
So Bill Cosby, whose bail was set at a million dollars,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋ณด์„๊ธˆ์„ ์š”๊ตฌ๋ฐ›์€ ๋นŒ ์ฝ”์Šค๋น„๋Š”
09:45
immediately writes the check, and doesn't spend a second in a jail cell.
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์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ˆ˜ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์จ ์ง€๋ถˆํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ์ผ์ดˆ๋„ ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
But Sandra Bland, who died in jail,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์—์„œ ์ˆจ์ง„ ์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ผ ๋ธ”๋žœ๋“œ๋Š”
09:50
was only there because her family was unable to come up with 500 dollars.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ๋‹จ์ง€ 500๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
In fact, there are half a million Sandra Blands across the country --
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ, ์ „๊ตญ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฐ๋“œ๋ผ ๋ธ”๋žœ๋“œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒ˜์ง€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด 50๋งŒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
500,000 people who are in jail right now,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ ์ค‘์ธ 50๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
10:00
only because they can't afford their bail amount.
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๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ณด์„๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:03
We're told that our jails are places for criminals,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์„ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:06
but statistically that's not the case:
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ํ†ต๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:08
three out of every five people in jail right now are there pretrial.
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์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž 5๋ช… ์ค‘ 3๋ช…์€ ์‚ฌ์ „ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ „์— ๊ฐ‡ํ˜€์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
They haven't been convicted of any crime;
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์œ ์ฃ„ํŒ๊ฒฐ๋„ ๋ฐ›์€ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
they haven't pled guilty to any offense.
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๊ทธ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋„ ์‹œ์ธํ•œ ์  ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
Right here in San Francisco,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๊ณณ, ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”
10:19
85 percent of the inmates in our jail in San Francisco
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์ด๊ณณ ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ” ๊ต๋„์†Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์ž์˜ 85%๊ฐ€
10:22
are pretrial detainees.
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๋ฒ•์ • ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ์ „ ์–ต๋ฅ˜์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
This means San Francisco is spending something like 80 million dollars
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์ด๋Š” ์ƒŒํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์ฝ”์—์„œ 8,000๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰์ด
10:28
every year
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๋งค๋…„
10:29
to fund pretrial detention.
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๋ฏธ๊ฒฐ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
Many of these people who are in jail only because they can't post bail
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๋ณด์„๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ด ์ˆ˜๊ฐ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
10:37
are facing allegations so minor
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ€๋ฒผ์šด ํ˜์˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
10:39
that the amount of time it would take for them to sit waiting for trial
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ํŒ๊ฒฐ์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด
10:43
is longer than the sentence they would receive if convicted,
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์œ ์ฃ„ ํŒ๊ฒฐ์ด ํ™•์ •๋˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
which means they're guaranteed to get out faster
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์ด๋Š” ์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ธํ•˜๋ฉด ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
if they just plead guilty.
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10:49
So now the choice is:
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ ํƒ์ง€๋Š” 2๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:51
Should I stay here in this horrible place,
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์ด ๋”์ฐํ•œ ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๊ณ„์† ์ง€๋‚ด๋ฉฐ
10:54
away from my family and my dependents,
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๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์นœ์ง€๋“ค๊ณผ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ 
10:56
almost guaranteed to lose my job,
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์ง์žฅ์„ ์žƒ๊ณ 
10:58
and then fight the charges?
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๊ธฐ์†Œ์— ๋ถˆ๋ณตํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ
11:00
Or should I just plead guilty to whatever the prosecutor wants and get out?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ์‹œ์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์„๋ฐฉ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
And at this point, they're pretrial detainees, not criminals.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒํƒœ๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๊ฒฐ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
But once they take that plea deal, we'll call them criminals,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ์‹œ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
even though an affluent person would never have been in this situation,
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๋ถ€์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ ,
11:13
because an affluent person would have simply been bailed out.
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๋ณด์„๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ํ’€๋ ค๋‚ฌ์„ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
11:16
At this point you might be wondering,
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
"This guy's in the inspiration section, what is he doing --
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"์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ตฌ๋‚˜.."
11:21
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:22
"This is extremely depressing. I want my money back."
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"๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ ˆ๋ง์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ๋ˆ ๋Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”."
11:25
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:26
But in actuality,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ
11:28
I find talking about jailing much less depressing than the alternative,
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์ €๋Š” ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š”๊ฒŒ ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
because I think if we don't talk about these issues
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์ €๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
11:35
and collectively change how we think about jailing,
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์ง‘๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
11:38
at the end of all of our lives,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ƒ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์—
11:39
we'll still have jails full of poor people who don't belong there.
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์–ต์šธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋‚จ์•„์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
That really is depressing to me.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์ €๋ฅผ ์šฐ์šธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
But what's exciting to me is the thought that these stories can move us
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
11:47
to think about jailing in different terms.
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์ˆ˜๊ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
Not in sterile policy terms like "mass incarceration,"
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"์ง‘๋‹จ ๊ฐ๊ธˆ"
11:53
or "sentencing of nonviolent offenders,"
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"๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž ํ˜• ์„ ๊ณ "์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹Œ
11:55
but in human terms.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์™€ ๋‹ฟ๋Š” ๋ง๋กœ์š”.
11:56
When we put a human being in a cage for days or weeks or months
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๊ฐ์˜ฅ์— ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ
12:01
or even years,
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋•Œ
12:02
what are we doing to that person's mind and body?
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ •์‹ ๊ณผ ๋ชธ์— ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ง“์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
12:05
Under what conditions are we really willing to do that?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ƒํƒœ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์šฉ์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
12:08
And so if starting with a few hundred of us in this room,
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์ด๊ณณ์— ๊ณ„์‹  ๋ถ„๋“ค๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
12:11
we can commit to thinking about jailing in this different light,
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์ˆ˜๊ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ๊ฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณธ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:14
then we can undo that normalization I was referring to earlier.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ "์ •์ƒํ™”"๋œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
If I leave you with anything today, I hope it's with the thought
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ๋‚จ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€
12:20
that if we want anything to fundamentally change --
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:23
not just to reform our policies on bail and fines and fees --
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ๊ณผ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
12:26
but also to make sure that whatever new policies replace those
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์ฑ…๋“ค์ด
12:29
don't punish the poor and the marginalized in their own new way.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œ์™ธ๋œ ์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ถ€๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ฒ˜๋ฒŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
If we want that kind of change,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:34
then this shift in thinking is required of each of us.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:36
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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