What foods did your ancestors love? Aparna Pallavi

99,280 views ・ 2020-07-22

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μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Transcriber: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Camille MartΓ­nez
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λ²ˆμ—­: Alicia Chong κ²€ν† : Yunjung Nam
00:12
Last year, I was living with this indigenous family in India.
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μ €λŠ” μž‘λ…„μ— 이 원주민 κ°€μ‘±κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μΈλ„μ—μ„œ μ‚΄κ³ μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:18
One afternoon,
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μ–΄λŠ λ‚  μ˜€ν›„,
00:20
the young son was eating,
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막내 아듀이 λ°₯을 λ¨Ήκ³ μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ°μš”.
00:22
and at the sight of me, he quickly hid his curry behind his back.
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μ €λ₯Ό 보자마자 재빨리 카레λ₯Ό λ“± λ’€λ‘œ μˆ¨κ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:28
It took a lot of persuasion to get him to show me what he was eating.
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κ·Έ 아이가 무엇을 λ¨Ήκ³  μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ €μ—κ²Œ λ³΄μ—¬μ£ΌκΈ°κΉŒμ§€ λ§Žμ€ 섀득이 ν•„μš”ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:33
It turned out to be moth larvae,
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μ•Œκ³  λ³΄λ‹ˆ λ‚˜λ°© μ• λ²Œλ ˆμ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:37
a traditional delicacy with the Madia indigenous people.
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λ§ˆλ””μ•„ μ›μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ˜ 전톡 μŒμ‹μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:41
I cried,
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μ €λŠ” 함성을 μ§ˆλ €μ£ .
00:42
"Oh my God, you're eating these!
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"μ–΄λ¨Έλ‚˜, 이것을 λ¨Ήκ³ μžˆλ‹€λ‹ˆ!
00:45
I hope there's a little left for me!"
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내것도 쑰금 λ‚¨μ•„μžˆμ—ˆμœΌλ©΄ μ’‹κ² λ‹€!"
00:48
I saw disbelief in the boy's eyes.
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κ·Έ μ†Œλ…„μ˜ λˆˆμ€ 믿지 λͺ»ν•˜λŠ” λˆˆλΉ›μ΄μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:50
"You ... eat these?"
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"이것을... λ“œμ„Έμš”?"
00:54
"I love these," I replied.
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"맀우 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€." μ €λŠ” λ§ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
00:58
I could see he did not trust me one bit.
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κ·Έ 아이가 μ €λ₯Ό μ‘°κΈˆλ„ μ‹ λ’°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
01:02
How could an urban, educated woman like the same food as him?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ„μ‹œμ μ΄κ³  κ΅μœ‘λ°›μ€ μ—¬μžκ°€ 그런 μŒμ‹μ„ μ’‹μ•„ν•  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:08
Later, I broached the subject with his father,
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— μ €λŠ” 그의 아버지와 ν•¨κ»˜ κ·Έ μ£Όμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기λ₯Ό κΊΌλƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
and it turned out to be a mighty touchy affair.
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그리고 생각보닀 μ˜ˆλ―Όν•œ μ£Όμ œμ˜€μ–΄μš”.
01:16
He said things like,
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κ·Έκ°€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμ£ .
01:18
"Oh, only this son of mine likes to eat it.
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"μ•„, 이 μ•„λ“€λ…€μ„λ§Œ λ¨ΉκΈ° μ’‹μ•„ν•΄μš”."
01:22
We tell him, 'Give it up. It's bad.'
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§ν•΄μš”. '그만 먹으렴. λͺΈμ— μ•ˆμ’‹μ•„.'
01:25
He doesn't listen, you see.
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λ³΄μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό 말을 듣지λ₯Ό μ•Šμ•„μš”.
01:27
We gave up eating all this ages back."
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜€λž˜μ „λΆ€ν„° 이걸 먹지 μ•Šμ•˜κ±°λ“ μš”."
01:31
"Why?" I asked.
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"μ™œμš”?" μ €λŠ” λ¬Όμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:34
"This is your traditional food.
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"이건 λ‹Ήμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 전톡 μŒμ‹μ΄μž–μ•„μš”.
01:38
It is available in your environment,
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λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ μ–Όλ§ˆλ“ μ§€ κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜κ³ ,
01:40
it is nutritious,
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μ˜μ–‘κ°€ λ†’κ³ ,
01:42
and -- I can vouch for it -- delicious.
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그리고 μ œκ°€ 보증할 수 μžˆλŠ”λ°, λ§›μžˆκ±°λ“ μš”.
01:45
Why is it wrong to eat it?"
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μ™œ 그것을 λ¨ΉλŠ” 게 잘λͺ» λ˜μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?"
01:48
The man fell silent.
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κ·Έ μ•„λ²„μ§€λŠ” μΉ¨λ¬΅ν•˜μ…¨μ–΄μš”.
01:51
I asked,
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μ €λŠ” λ¬Όμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
01:52
"Have you been told that your food is bad,
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"λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μŒμ‹μ΄ λ‚˜μ˜κ³ ,
01:57
that to eat it is backward,
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그것을 λ¨ΉλŠ”κ±΄ λ’€μ²˜μ§€λŠ” 것이고,
02:00
not civilized?"
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λ¬Έλͺ…μ΄λΌλŠ” 말을 λ“€μœΌμ…¨λ‚˜μš”?"
02:03
He nodded silently.
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κ·ΈλŠ” 쑰용히 고개λ₯Ό λ„λ•μ˜€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
This was one of the many, many times in my work with indigenous people in India
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μ œκ°€ μΈλ„μ˜ 원주민듀과 μΌν•˜λ©΄μ„œ μΌμ–΄λ‚œ μ—¬λŸ¬λ²ˆμ˜ 사둀 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
02:13
that I witnessed shame around food,
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μŒμ‹μ— λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ„ λͺ©κ²©ν•œκ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:16
shame that the food you love to eat,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ κ°€μž₯ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μŒμ‹μ— λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬,
02:20
the food that has been eaten for generations,
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μ—¬λŸ¬ μ„ΈλŒ€ λ™μ•ˆ 먹은 κ·Έ μŒμ‹μ΄,
02:23
is somehow inferior,
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왠지 μ—΄λ“±ν•˜κ³ ,
02:25
even subhuman.
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심지어 인간적이지도 μ•Šλ‹€κ³  μ—¬κ²¨μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:28
And this shame is not limited to out-of-the-way, icky foods
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그리고 이 μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ€ λ²Œλ ˆλ‚˜ μ₯ 같은
02:33
like insects or rats, maybe,
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νŠΉμ΄ν•˜κ³  μ΄μƒν•œ μŒμ‹λΏλ§Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
02:36
but extends to regular foods:
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ν‰λ²”ν•œ μŒμ‹μ—λ„ ν•΄λ‹Ήλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
white vegetables,
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흰색 야채듀,
02:41
mushrooms, flowers --
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버섯, 꽃과 같은
02:44
basically, anything that is foraged rather than cultivated.
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근본적으둜 μž¬λ°°λ˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹Œ μ±„μ§‘λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:49
In indigenous India, this shame is omnipresent.
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μΈλ„μ˜ ν† μ°©λ―Ό κ³΅λ™μ²΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 이 μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ΄ μ–΄λ””μ—λ‚˜ μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
Anything can trigger it.
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무엇이든 κ·Έ 계기λ₯Ό μœ λ°œν•  수 있죠.
02:56
One upper-caste vegetarian schoolmaster gets appointed in a school,
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μ–΄λŠ 상λ₯˜κ³„κΈ‰ μ±„μ‹μ£Όμ˜μž ꡐ사가 학ꡐ에 μž„λͺ…λ˜λ©΄
03:01
within weeks, children are telling their parents it's yucky to eat crabs
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λͺ‡μ£Ό 이내에 아이듀은 λΆ€λͺ¨λ“€μ—κ²Œ 게λ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ”κ²ƒμ€ μ§•κ·ΈλŸ½λ‹€κ±°λ‚˜
03:05
or sinful to eat meat.
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ν˜Ήμ€ κ³ κΈ° λ¨ΉλŠ”κ²Œ 죄라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
A government nutrition program serves fluffy white rice,
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μ–΄λŠ μ •λΆ€ μ˜μ–‘ ν”„λ‘œκ·Έλž¨μ—μ„œ ν‘Ήμ‹ ν•œ 흰 μŒ€λ°₯을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜κ³  λ‚˜μ„œλŠ”
03:12
now no one wants to eat red rice or millets.
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이제 κ·Έ λˆ„κ΅¬λ„ λΉ¨κ°„ μŒ€μ΄λ‚˜ κΈ°μž₯을 λ¨Ήκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
A nonprofit reaches this village with an ideal diet chart for pregnant women.
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μ–΄λŠ λΉ„μ˜λ¦¬ 단체가 μž„μ‚°λΆ€λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 이상적인 식단을 λ§ˆμ„μ— μ•Œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
There you go.
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자 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
03:22
All the expectant mothers are feeling sad
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λͺ¨λ“  μž„μ‚°λΆ€λ“€μ€ μŠ¬νΌν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
that they cannot afford apples and crepes.
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사과와 크레페λ₯Ό μ‚΄ μ—¬μœ κ°€ μ—†κ±°λ“ μš”.
03:28
And people just kind of forget the fruits
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그리고 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 숲 λ°”λ‹₯μ—μ„œ 주울 수 μžˆλŠ”
03:31
that can be picked off the forest floor.
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과일듀이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:34
Health workers,
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의료 μ’…μ‚¬μžλ“€,
03:37
religious missionaries,
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쒅ꡐ 선ꡐ사듀,
03:39
random government employees
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곡무원듀,
03:41
and even their own educated children
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그리고 κ΅μœ‘μ„ 받은 자기 μ•„μ΄λ“€λ§ˆμ €
03:44
are literally shouting it down at the indigenous people
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μ›μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν˜Έν†΅μΉ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:49
that their food is not good enough,
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κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μŒμ‹μ˜ 질이 μΆ©λΆ„νžˆ 쒋지 μ•Šκ³ 
03:52
not civilized enough.
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λ¬Έλͺ…ν™” λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  말이죠.
03:55
And so food keeps disappearing,
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그리고 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μŒμ‹μ€ 계속 사라지고 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
03:58
a little bit at a time.
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μ‘°κΈˆμ”© μ²œμ²œνžˆμš”.
04:01
I'm wondering if you all have ever considered
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ˜ μ§€μ—­μ—μ„œλ„ 이와 μœ μ‚¬ν•œ μŒμ‹μ˜ 역사가 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ”μ§€
04:06
whether your communities would have a similar history around food.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€λ„ κ³ λ €ν•΄ λ³Έ 적이 μžˆμœΌμ‹ μ§€ κΆκΈˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
If you were to talk to your 90-year-old grandmother,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 90μ‚΄ ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆμ™€ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„λ©΄,
04:15
would she talk about foods that you have never seen or heard of?
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ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆκ»˜μ„œλŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•œλ²ˆλ„ 보지도 듣지도 λͺ»ν•œ μŒμ‹λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜μ‹€κΉŒμš”?
04:20
Are you aware how much of your community's food
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 지역 μ‚¬νšŒ ν–₯ν†  μŒμ‹ 쀑에 μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 것듀이
04:23
is no longer available to you?
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더 이상 먹을 수 μ—†λŠ”μ§€ μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹ κ°€μš”?
04:26
Local experts tell me
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ν˜„μ§€ 전문가듀은 μ €μ—κ²Œ λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
that the South African food economy is now entirely based on imported foods.
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남아프리카 μŒμ‹ κ²½μ œλŠ” 이제 μ „μ μœΌλ‘œ μˆ˜μž… μ‹ν’ˆμ„ κΈ°λ°˜μœΌλ‘œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
Corn has become the staple,
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μ˜₯μˆ˜μˆ˜κ°€ 주식이 λ˜μ—ˆκ³ ,
04:37
while the local sorghum, millets, bulbs and tubers are all gone.
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κ·Έ 와쀑에 ν˜„μ§€μ— μžλΌλŠ” 수수, μ’μŒ€, ꡬ근과 λ©μ΄μ€„κΈ°λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ μ‚¬λΌμ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:44
So are the wild legumes and vegetables,
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μ•Όμƒμ—μ„œ μžλž€ 콩과 식물, 그리고 야채듀도 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ—μš”.
04:47
while people eat potatoes and onions, cabbages and carrots.
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κ·Έ 와쀑에 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ κ°μžμ™€ μ–‘νŒŒ, 배좔와 당근을 λ¨Ήμ–΄μš”.
04:51
In my country,
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저희 λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ
04:53
this loss of food is colossal.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ‹λŸ‰ 손싀은 μ—„μ²­λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
Modern India is stuck with rice, wheat
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ν˜„λŒ€ μΈλ„λŠ” μŒ€, λ°€, 그리고
05:01
and diabetes.
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λ‹Ήλ‡¨λΌλŠ” μ‚¬μŠ¬μ— κ°‡ν˜€μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:04
And we have totally forgotten foods like huge varieties of tubers,
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그리고 μ €ν¬λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 덩이쀄기와 같은 μŒμ‹λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ™„μ „νžˆ μžŠμ–΄λ²„λ Έμ–΄μš”.
05:09
tree saps, fish, shellfish,
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λ‚˜λ¬΄ μˆ˜μ•‘, 생선, 쑰개λ₯˜,
05:13
oil seeds,
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기름을 지 수 μžˆλŠ” 식물 씨,
05:15
mollusks, mushrooms, insects,
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연체동물, 버섯과 κ³€μΆ©,
05:19
small, nonendangered animal meats,
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μž‘κ³ , λ©Έμ’…μœ„κΈ°μ— μ²˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ λ™λ¬Όλ“€μ˜ κ³ κΈ°, λͺ¨λ‘λŠ”
05:22
all of which used to be available right within our surroundings.
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ν•œλ•Œ 저희 μ£Όλ³€μ—μ„œ μ–Έμ œλ“ μ§€ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:27
So where has this food gone?
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그럼 이 μŒμ‹λ“€μ€ μ–΄λ””λ‘œ κ°”μ„κΉŒμš”?
05:30
Why are our modern food baskets so narrow?
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μ™œ ν˜„λŒ€ μ‹μŠ΅κ΄€ μ„ νƒμ˜ 폭이 맀우 μ’μ•„μ‘Œμ„κΉŒμš”?
05:34
We could talk about the complex political economic and ecological reasons,
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ •μΉ˜μ , 경제적 그리고 μƒνƒœμ  μ΄μœ μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기λ₯Ό ν•  수 있겠죠.
05:41
but I am here to talk about this more human phenomenon of shame,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €λŠ” μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ˜ 인간적인 ν˜„μƒμ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λ €κ³  μ—¬κΈ° μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:46
because shame is the crucial point
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ΄ λ°”λ‘œ
05:50
at which food actually disappears off your plate.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ μ ‘μ‹œμ—μ„œ μŒμ‹μ΄ μ‚¬λΌμ§€κ²Œ ν•˜λŠ” 핡심 ν¬μΈνŠΈλ‹ˆκΉŒμš”.
05:55
What does shame do?
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μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ€ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ–΄λ–€ 영ν–₯을 λΌμΉ˜λ‚˜μš”?
05:57
Shame makes you feel small,
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μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ„ μž‘κ³ ,
06:00
sad,
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μŠ¬ν”„κ³ ,
06:02
not worthy,
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κ°€μΉ˜ μ—†κ³ ,
06:03
subhuman.
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λΉ„μΈκ°„μ μœΌλ‘œ 느끼게 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:05
Shame creates a cognitive dissonance.
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μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μ€ 인지 λΆ€μ‘°ν™”λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€κ³ 
06:10
It distorts food stories.
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μŒμ‹ 이야기듀을 μ™œκ³‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:12
Let us take this example.
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이 μ˜ˆμ‹œλ₯Ό ν•œλ²ˆ λ“€λ €λ“œλ¦΄κ²Œμš”.
06:15
How would you like to have
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 주어진 ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ
06:18
a wonderful, versatile staple
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멋지고 λ‹€μš©λ„μ μΈ μ£Όμš” μ‹ν’ˆμ„
06:21
that is available abundantly in your environment?
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ν’λΆ€ν•˜κ²Œ μ΄μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄ μ–΄λ– μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš”?
06:25
All you have to do is gather it,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일은 κ·Έμ € λͺ¨μœΌκ³ ,
06:27
dry it, store it,
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말리고 λ³΄κ΄€ν•˜λŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:29
and you have it for your whole year
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ μΌλ…„λ™μ•ˆ
06:32
to cook as many different kinds of dishes as you want with it.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ”λ§ŒνΌ λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ μš”λ¦¬λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€ 수 있죠.
06:36
India had just such a food, called "mahua,"
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인도에 그런 μŒμ‹μ΄ μžˆμ—ˆλŠ”λ° "λ§ˆν›„μ•„"라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ”
06:40
this flower over there.
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κ½ƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:42
And I have been researching this food for the past three years now.
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그리고 μ €λŠ” μ§€λ‚œ 3λ…„κ°„ 이 μŒμ‹μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 연ꡬλ₯Ό ν•˜κ³ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
It is known to be highly nutritious in indigenous tradition
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이 μŒμ‹μ˜ 높은 μ˜μ–‘κ°€λŠ” 원주민듀 μ „ν†΅μœΌλ‘œλ„,
06:52
and in scientific knowledge.
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과학적 μ§€μ‹μœΌλ‘œλ„ 잘 μ•Œλ €μ Έ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:55
For the indigenous,
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μ›μ£Όλ―Όλ“€μ—κ²ŒλŠ”,
06:57
it used to be a staple for four to six months a year.
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6κ°œμ›”μ—μ„œ μΌλ…„λ™μ•ˆ 이것이 μ£Όμš” μ‹ν’ˆμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:02
In many ways, it is very similar to your local marula,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λͺ¨λ‘œ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ ν˜„μ§€ λ§ˆλ£°λΌμ™€ 맀우 λΉ„μŠ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:06
except that it is a flower, not a fruit.
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과일이 μ•„λ‹Œ κ½ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” 것 뿐이죠.
07:10
Where the forests are rich,
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숲이 ν’λΆ€ν•œ κ³³μ—λŠ”
07:12
people can still get enough to eat for the whole year
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ 1λ…„ λ‚΄λ‚΄ 먹을 수 있고,
07:15
and enough spare to sell.
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νŒλ§€ν•˜κΈ°μ—λ„ μΆ©λΆ„ν•œ 여뢄이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:18
I found 35 different dishes with mahua
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λ§ˆν›„μ•„κ°€ ν™œμš©λœ 35가지가 λ„˜λŠ” μŒμ‹λ“€μ„ μ°Ύμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ
07:23
that no one cooks anymore.
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ 아무도 κ·Έ μš”λ¦¬λ“€μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ§€ μ•Šμ•„μš”.
07:27
This food is no longer even recognized as a food,
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이 μŒμ‹μ€ 더 이상 μŒμ‹μ΄λΌκ³  λΆˆλ¦¬μ§€λ„ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:31
but as raw material for liquor.
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κ·Έμ € 술의 μ›λ£Œλ‘œ μƒκ°ν•΄μš”.
07:35
You could be arrested for having it in your house.
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이것을 집에 κ°–κ³  κ³„μ‹œλ©΄ μ²΄ν¬λ‹Ήν•˜μ‹€ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
07:38
Reason? Shame.
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ”? μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:41
I talked to indigenous people all over India
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μ €λŠ” 인도 μ „μ—­μ—μ„œ 원주민듀과 μ–˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ΄μ–΄μš”.
07:44
about why mahua is no longer eaten.
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μ™œ λ§ˆν›„μ•„λ₯Ό μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 더 이상 μ•ˆ λ¨ΉλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œμš”.
07:47
And I got the exact same answer.
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그리고 맀번 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 닡을 μ–»μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
"Oh, we used to eat it when we were dirt-poor and starving.
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"μ•„, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 맀우 κ°€λ‚œν•˜κ³  ꡢ주릴 λ•Œ λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ—ˆμ§€.
07:55
Why should we eat it now?
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κ·Έκ±Έ μ§€κΈˆ μ™œ λ¨Ήκ² μ–΄μš”?
07:57
We have rice or wheat."
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μš°λ¦¬μ—κ² μŒ€κ³Ό 밀이 μžˆμž–μ•„μš”."
08:00
And almost in the same breath,
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그리고 같은 ν•œμˆ¨μ—
08:02
people also tell me how nutritious mahua is.
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μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ λ§ˆν›„μ•„κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ μ˜μ–‘κ°€κ°€ 높은지에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•΄μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:06
There are always stories of elders who used to eat mahua.
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λ§ˆν›„μ•„λ₯Ό 먹던 μ–΄λ₯΄μ‹ λ“€μ˜ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°λŠ” 항상 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
"This grandmother of ours, she had 10 children,
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"우리 ν• λ¨Έλ‹ˆλŠ” μžλ…€λ₯Ό 10λͺ…μ΄λ‚˜ λ‚³μœΌμ‹œκ³ ,
08:15
and still she used to work so hard, never tired, never sick."
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μΌν•˜μ…¨μ–΄. ν”Όκ³€ν•˜μ‹œμ§€λ„, μ•„ν”„μ‹œμ§€λ„ μ•ŠμœΌμ…¨μ§€."
08:20
The exact same dual narrative every single where.
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μ–΄λ””λ₯Ό 가도 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 이야기λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄μš”.
08:26
How come?
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μ–΄μ§Έμ„œ κ·ΈλŸ΄κΉŒμš”?
08:28
How does the same food
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 이 λ˜‘κ°™μ€ μŒμ‹μ΄
08:30
get to be seen as very nutritious and a poverty food,
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맀우 μ˜μ–‘κ°€ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λΉˆκ³€ν•œ μŒμ‹μœΌλ‘œ
08:35
almost in the same sentence?
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ν•œ λ¬Έμž₯으둜 ν‘œν˜„λ  수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
08:38
Same goes for other forest foods.
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μˆ²μ—μ„œ λ‚˜λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ μ‹ν’ˆλ“€λ„ λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μ˜ˆμš”.
08:41
I have heard story after heartrending story
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κΈ°κ·Όκ³Ό ꡢ주림에 λŒ€ν•œ
08:44
of famine and starvation,
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κ°€μŠ΄ μ•„ν”ˆ 이야기λ₯Ό μ°¨λ‘€μ°¨λ‘€ 듀을 수 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:47
of people surviving on trash foraged out of the forest,
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먹을 μŒμ‹μ΄ μ—†μ–΄μ„œ μˆ²μ—μ„œ 버렀진 μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λ‘œ
08:52
because there was no food.
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살아남은 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ“€μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
08:55
If I dig a little deeper,
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쑰금 더 κΉŠμˆ™νžˆ νŒŒκ³ λ“€λ©΄,
08:57
it turns out the lack was not of food per se
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μŒμ‹ μžμ²΄κ°€ λΆ€μ‘±ν–ˆλ˜κ²Œ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ μŒ€ 처럼 쑴경을 λ°›μ„λ§Œν•œ μŒμ‹μ΄
09:01
but of something respectable like rice.
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λΆ€μ‘±ν•œ 것이 κ·Έ μ΄μœ μ˜€μ–΄μš”.
09:04
I asked them,
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μ €λŠ” κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ λ¬Όμ—ˆμ–΄μš”.
09:06
"How did you learn that your so-called trash is edible?
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"μ†Œμœ„ μ“°λ ˆκΈ°λΌκ³  λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” 것을 먹을 수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄μš”?"
09:11
Who told you that certain bitter tubers can be sweetened
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λˆ„κ°€ μ“΄ 덩이쀄기λ₯Ό μ‹œλƒ‡λ¬Όμ— ν•˜λ£»λ°€ λ‹΄κΆˆλ‘λ©΄
09:15
by leaving them in a stream overnight?
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λ‹¬κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μ•Œλ €μ€¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
09:19
Or how to take the meat out of a snail shell?
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ λ‹¬νŒ½μ΄ κ»μ§ˆμ—μ„œ κ³ κΈ°λ₯Ό κΊΌλ‚΄λŠ” λ°©λ²•μ€μš”?
09:22
Or how to set a trap for a wild rat?"
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 야생 μ₯λ₯Ό μž‘λŠ” λ°©λ²•μ€μš”? "
09:26
That is when they start scratching their heads,
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그듀은 κ·Έλ•Œμ„œμ•Ό 머리λ₯Ό 긁으며
09:29
and they realize that they learned it from their own elders,
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ μ‘°μƒλ“€λ‘œλΆ€ν„° λ°°μ› λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΉ¨λ‹¬μ•˜μ–΄μš”.
09:33
that their ancestors had lived and thrived on these foods for centuries
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μžμ‹ λ“€μ˜ 쑰상듀은 수 μ„ΈκΈ° λ™μ•ˆ 이 μŒμ‹λ“€μ„ λ¨Ήκ³  μ‚΄λ©° λ²ˆμ°½ν–ˆλ‹€κ³ μš”.
09:39
before rice came their way,
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μŒ€μ„ λ¨ΉκΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° 전이죠.
09:41
and were way healthier than their own generation.
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그리고 κ·Έλ“€μ˜ μ„ΈλŒ€λ³΄λ‹€ 훨씬 κ±΄κ°•ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
09:46
So this is how food works,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μŒμ‹μ΄λž€ μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μ§„ν–‰λ˜κ³ ,
09:49
how shame works:
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μˆ˜μΉ˜μ‹¬λ„ μ§„ν–‰λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€:
09:51
making food and food traditions disappear from people's lives and memories
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μŒμ‹κ³Ό μŒμ‹μ˜ 전톡이 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ μ‚Άκ³Ό κΈ°μ–΅μ—μ„œ
09:57
without their even realizing it.
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깨닫기도 전에 μ‚¬λΌμ§€κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:01
So how do we undo this trend?
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그럼 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 μΆ”μ„Έλ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 되돌릴 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
10:05
How do we reclaim our beautiful and complex systems of natural food,
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 우리의 아름닡고 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μžμ—° μ‹ν’ˆ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œλ§μ΄μ—μš”.
10:13
food given to us lovingly by Mother Earth according to her own rhythm,
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μžμ‹ μ˜ 리듬에 따라 λŒ€μžμ—°μ΄ μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ μ£ΌλŠ” μŒμ‹μ„
10:18
food prepared by our foremothers with joy
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기쁨으둜 쑰상듀이 μ€€λΉ„ν•œ μŒμ‹μ„
10:22
and are eaten by our forefathers with gratitude,
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κ°μ‚¬ν•œ 마음으둜 λ¨ΉλŠ” 후손듀.
10:26
food that is healthy, local, natural,
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κ±΄κ°•ν•˜κ³  μ§€μ—­νŠΉμ„±μ μ΄κ³  μžμ—°μ μΈ μŒμ‹,
10:31
varied, delicious,
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λ‹€μ–‘ν•˜κ³  λ§›μžˆμœΌλ©°,
10:34
not requiring cultivation,
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μž¬λ°°κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ ,
10:37
not damaging our ecology,
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우리의 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό ν•΄μΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ , λΉ„μš©μ΄ 듀지 μ•ŠλŠ”
10:39
not costing a thing?
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μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ λ˜μ°Ύμ„ 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
10:42
We all need this food,
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우리 λͺ¨λ‘μ—κ²Œ 이 μŒμ‹μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•΄μš”.
10:44
and I don't think I have to tell you why.
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κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” 말씀 μ•ˆλ“œλ €λ„ 되겠죠?
10:48
I don't have to tell you about the global health crisis,
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μ „ 세계 보건 μœ„κΈ°μ— λŒ€ν•΄μ„œ 말할 ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†κ² μ£ .
10:52
climate change, water crisis,
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κΈ°ν›„ λ³€ν™”, μˆ˜μžμ› μœ„κΈ°,
10:54
soil fatigue,
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ν† μ–‘ ν”Όλ‘œ,
10:56
collapsing agricultural systems,
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농업 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ˜ λΆ•κ΄΄,
10:58
all that.
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κ·Έ λͺ¨λ“  κ²ƒλ“€μ΄μš”.
11:00
But for me, equally important reasons why we need these foods
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ €μ—κ²Œ 이 μŒμ‹λ“€μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ΄μœ λŠ”
11:04
are the deeply felt ones,
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깊이 λŠκ»΄μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:07
because food is so many things, you see.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ μŒμ‹μ€ μ—¬λŸ¬κ°€μ§€λ₯Ό μ˜λ―Έν•˜μž–μ•„μš”.
11:10
Food is nourishment, comfort,
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μŒμ‹μ€ μ˜μ–‘μ‹μ΄λ©° μœ„μ•ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:14
creativity, community,
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창의적이고, 곡동체이며,
11:16
pleasure, safety, identity
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즐거움, μ•ˆμ „, 정체성
11:20
and so much more.
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그리고 μˆ˜λ§Žμ€ κ²ƒλ“€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:22
How we connect with our food
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μŒμ‹κ³Ό μ—°κ²°λ˜λŠ”μ§€λŠ”
11:25
defines so much in our lives.
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우리 μ‚Άμ—μ„œ λ§Žμ€ 것을 μ •μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:27
It defines how we connect with our bodies,
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우리 μžμ‹ μ΄ 신체와 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ—°κ²°λ˜λŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό μ •μ˜ν•΄μš”.
11:31
because our bodies are ultimately food.
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 우리 λͺΈμ€, μš°λ¦¬κ°€ λ¨ΉλŠ” μŒμ‹μ΄μž–μ•„μš”.
11:34
It defines our basic sense of connection
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우리의 μ‘΄μž¬μ™€ 관련성에 λŒ€ν•œ
11:37
with our existence.
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κΈ°λ³Έ 감각을 μ •μ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ±°μ£ .
11:40
We need these foods most today
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²ŒλŠ” 이 μŒμ‹λ“€μ΄ κ°€μž₯ ν•„μš”ν•΄μš”.
11:43
to be able to redefine our space as humans
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μΈκ°„μœΌλ‘œμ„œ 우리의 곡간을
11:47
within the natural scheme of things.
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μžμ—° μ²΄κ³„μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μž¬μ •μ˜ ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 말이죠.
11:50
And are we needing such a redefinition today?
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μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  μš°λ¦¬μ—κ²Œ κ·ΈλŸ¬ν•œ μž¬μ •μ˜κ°€ ν•„μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?
11:55
For me, the only real answer is love,
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μ €μ—κ²Œ, μœ μΌν•œ 해닡은 μ‚¬λž‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:01
because love is the only thing that counters shame.
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€ κ°μ •λ§Œμ΄ μˆ˜μΉ˜κ°μ„ λ§žμ„€ 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
12:07
And how do we bring more of this love into our connections with our food?
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그럼 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν•΄μ•Ό μŒμ‹κ³Όμ˜ κ΄€κ³„μ—μ„œ μ‚¬λž‘μ„ 더 많이 λŒμ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
12:14
For me, love is, in a big way,
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μ €μ—κ²Œ μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€,
12:18
about the willingness to slow down,
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속도λ₯Ό λŠ¦μΆ”λ €λŠ” 마음,
12:22
to take the time to feel,
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μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ°–κ³  천천히 느끼며
12:26
sense, listen, inquire.
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이야기λ₯Ό 듀어보고 μ§ˆλ¬Έν•˜λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ„ κ°–λŠ”κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:31
It could be listening to our own bodies.
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λ‚΄ λͺΈμ΄ λ“€λ €μ£ΌλŠ” 이야기일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
12:34
What do they need beneath our food habits, beliefs
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우리의 μŒμ‹ μŠ΅κ΄€, 신념 및 μ€‘λ…μ˜ λ°”νƒ•μ—λŠ”
12:42
and addictions?
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무엇이 ν•„μš”ν• κΉŒμš”?
12:44
It could be taking time out to examine those beliefs.
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신념을 μžμ„Ένžˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄λ €λ©΄ μ‹œκ°„ νˆ¬μžκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:49
Where did they come from?
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κ·Έ μŒμ‹μ€ μ–΄λ””μ„œ μ™”μ„κΉŒ?
12:51
It could be going back into our childhood.
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우리의 μ–΄λ¦°μ‹œμ ˆλ‘œ λ˜λŒμ•„ κ°€λŠ” 것일 μˆ˜λ„ 있죠.
12:55
What foods did we love then,
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κ·Έλ•Œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λ–€ μŒμ‹μ„ μ’‹μ•„ν–ˆκ³ 
12:57
and what has changed?
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무엇이 λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμ„κΉŒ?
12:59
It could be spending a quiet evening with an elder,
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μ–΄λ₯΄μ‹ κ³Ό μ‘°μš©ν•œ μ˜€ν›„λ₯Ό ν•¨κ»˜ λ³΄λ‚΄λŠ” μ‹œκ°„μΌ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:05
listening to their food memories,
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μŒμ‹μ— λŒ€ν•œ κ·Έλ“€μ˜ 기얡에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ“€μœΌλ©°
13:07
maybe even helping them cook something they love
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μ’‹μ•„ν•˜λŠ” μŒμ‹μ„ ν•¨κ»˜ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄μ„œ
13:10
and sharing a meal.
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ν•¨κ»˜ λ‚˜λˆ λ¨ΉλŠ” 것일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
13:14
Love could be about remembering
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€
13:18
that humanity is vast
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인λ₯˜κ°€ κ΄‘λŒ€ν•˜κ³ 
13:20
and food choices differ.
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μŒμ‹ μ„ νƒμ˜ 닀양성을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜λŠ” 것일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:23
It could be about showing respect and curiosity
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쑴쀑과 ν˜ΈκΈ°μ‹¬μ„ λ³΄μ΄λŠ” 것이죠.
13:26
instead of censure
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λΉ„λ‚œ λŒ€μ‹ μ— λ§μ΄μ—μš”.
13:28
when we see somebody enjoying a really unfamiliar food.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€κ°€ 정말 μƒμ†Œν•œ μŒμ‹μ„ μ¦κΈ°λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ•˜μ„ λ•Œμ—λ„μš”.
13:34
Love could be taking the time to inquire,
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€ μ‹œκ°„μ„λ“€μ—¬
13:38
to dig up information,
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정보λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄κ³ 
13:40
reach out for connections.
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κ΄€λ ¨μΈλ“€μ—κ²Œ κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것일 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
13:43
It could even be a quiet walk in the fynbos
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심지어 ν•€λ³΄μŠ€μ—μ„œ μ‘°μš©ν•œ 산책을 ν•˜λŠ” 것일 수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
13:47
to see if a certain plant speaks up to you.
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μ–΄λŠ νŠΉμ • 식물이 μ–΄λ–€ 말을건낼지 ν™•μΈν•˜λŸ¬μš”.
13:51
That happens.
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그럴 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:53
They speak to me all the time.
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식물듀은 μ €μ—κ²Œ 항상 말을 κ±Έμ–΄μš”.
13:56
And most of all,
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그리고 무엇보닀도
13:58
love is to trust that these little exploratory steps
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€ 이런 μž‘μ€ 단계듀이
14:03
have the potential to lead us to something larger,
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더 큰 λ¬΄μ–Έκ°€λ‘œ 우리λ₯Ό 이끌 κ°€λŠ₯성이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ―ΏλŠ” κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:07
sometimes to really surprising answers.
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μ–΄μ©Œλ©΄ 정말 λ†€λž„λ§Œν•œ 닡을 μ•Œλ €μ€„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
14:11
An indigenous medicine woman once told me
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μ–΄λŠ ν•œ 원주민 μ—¬μ„± μ˜ν•™μžκ°€ μ €μ—κ²Œ λ§ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
14:15
that love is to walk on Mother Earth
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λž€ λŒ€μžμ—°μ„ κ±·λŠ” κ²ƒμ΄λΌκ³ μš”.
14:18
as her most beloved child,
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κ°€μž₯ μ‚¬λž‘λ°›λŠ” μ•„μ΄μ²˜λŸΌ
14:22
to trust that she values an honest intention
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λŒ€μžμ—°μ΄ μ •μ§ν•œ μ˜λ„λ₯Ό μ†Œμ€‘νžˆ μ—¬κΈ°λ©°
14:26
and knows how to guide our steps.
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우리λ₯Ό μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ΄λŒμ–΄ μ€˜μ•Όν• μ§€ μ•ˆλ‹€κ³  λ―ΏλŠ” κ²ƒμ΄λΌκ³ μš”.
14:29
I hope I have inspired you
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μ œκ°€ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ“€μ—κ²Œ μ˜κ°μ„ λ“œλ ΈκΈΈ λ°”λž˜μš”.
14:31
to start reconnecting with the food of your ancestors.
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κ·Έ 영감으둜 μ‘°μƒλ“€μ˜ μŒμ‹μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ λ˜μ°ΎμœΌμ‹œκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:35
Thank you for listening.
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λ“€μ–΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:36
(Applause)
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(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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