How technology has changed what it's like to be deaf | Rebecca Knill

91,319 views ใƒป 2020-03-24

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

00:00
Transcriber: Joseph Geni Reviewer: Krystian Aparta
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ืชืจื’ื•ื: yael ring ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Sigal Tifferet
00:13
My name is Rebecca, and I'm a cyborg.
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ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื™ ืจื‘ืงื” ื•ืื ื™ ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’.
00:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:18
Specifically, I have 32 computer chips inside my head,
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ืกืคืฆื™ืคื™ืช ื™ืฉ ืœื™ 32 ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ื‘ืจืืฉื™,
00:23
which rebuild my sense of hearing.
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ืฉื‘ื•ื ื™ื ืžื—ื“ืฉ ืืช ื—ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืฉืœื™
00:25
This is called a cochlear implant.
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ื–ื” ื ืงืจื ืฉืชืœ ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœื™.
00:28
You remember the Borg from Star Trek,
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ืืชื ื–ื•ื›ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืžืžืกืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื,
00:31
those aliens who conquered and absorbed everything in sight?
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ื”ื—ื™ื™ื–ืจื™ื ื”ืืœื” ืฉื›ื‘ืฉื• ื•ืกืคื’ื• ื”ื›ืœ?
00:36
Well, that's me.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื–ืืช ืื ื™.
00:38
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:39
The good news is I come for your technology
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ื‘ืื” ืœื’ื ื•ื‘ ืืช ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืฉืœื›ื
00:42
and not for your human life-forms.
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ื•ืœื ืืช ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ื—ื™ื™ื ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™ืช ืฉืœื›ื.
00:44
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:47
Actually, I've never seen an episode of Star Trek.
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ื‘ืขืฆื, ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืื™ืชื™ ืคืจืง ืฉืœ "ืžืกืข ื‘ื™ืŸ ื›ื•ื›ื‘ื™ื".
00:49
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:51
But there's a reason for that:
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ืื‘ืœ ื™ืฉ ืกื™ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš:
00:53
television wasn't closed-captioned when I was a kid.
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ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœื•ื•ื™ื–ื™ื” ื›ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืงื˜ื ื”.
00:57
I grew up profoundly deaf.
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ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ืขื ื—ืจืฉื•ืช ืขืžื•ืงื”.
00:59
I went to regular schools, and I had to lip-read.
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ืœืžื“ืชื™ ื‘ื‘ืชื™ ืกืคืจ ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื, ื•ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืงืจื•ื ืฉืคืชื™ื™ื.
01:02
I didn't meet another deaf person until I was 20.
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ืœื ืคื’ืฉืชื™ ืขื•ื“ ืื“ื ื—ื™ืจืฉ ืื—ืจ ืขื“ ื’ื™ืœ 20.
01:06
Electronics were mostly audio back then.
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ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ื”ืชืžืงื“ื• ื‘ื—ื•ื•ื™ื™ืช ืฉืžืข.
01:09
My alarm clock was my sister Barbara,
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ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ืชื” ืื—ื•ืชื™ ื‘ืจื‘ืจื”,
01:11
who would set her alarm and then throw something at me to wake up.
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ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืžื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ื”ืžืขื•ืจืจ ืฉืœื” ื•ืื– ื–ื•ืจืงืช ืขืœื™ ืžืฉื”ื• ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืื•ืชื™.
01:15
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:18
My hearing aids were industrial-strength, sledgehammer volume,
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ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื•ืฆืžื” ืชืขืฉื™ื™ืชื™ืช ืขื ื•ื•ืœื™ื•ื ืฉืœ ืคื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ื•ื™ืจ
01:23
but they helped me more than they helped most people.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื ืขื–ืจื• ืœื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืžื” ืฉื”ื ืขื–ืจื• ืœืจื•ื‘ ื”ืื ืฉื™ื.
01:26
With them, I could hear music and the sound of my own voice.
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืชื, ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื•ืืช ื”ืฆืœื™ืœ ืฉืœ ื”ืงื•ืœ ืฉืœื™.
01:30
I've always liked the idea that technology can help make the world more human.
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ืชืžื™ื“ ืื”ื‘ืชื™ ืืช ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื”ืคื•ืš ืืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœืื ื•ืฉื™ ื™ื•ืชืจ.
01:36
I used to watch the stereo flash color when the music shifted,
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืชื‘ื•ื ื ืช ื‘ืฆื‘ืขื™ ื”ื‘ื–ืงื™ ื”ืกื˜ืจื™ืื• ื›ืฉื”ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ื”ืฉืชื ืชื”,
01:40
and I knew it was just a matter of time before my watch could show me sound, too.
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ื•ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ืจืง ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ื–ืžืŸ ืขื“ ืฉื”ืฉืขื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™ ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืœื™ ื’ื ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื.
01:48
Did you know that hearing occurs in the brain?
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ื™ื“ืขืชื ืฉื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืžื•ื—?
01:50
In your ear is a small organ called the cochlea,
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ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ืื•ื–ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ื™ืฉ ืื™ื‘ืจ ืงื˜ืŸ ืฉื ืงืจื ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœ,
01:54
and the cochlea is lined with thousands of receptors called hair cells.
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ื•ืคื ื™ื ื”ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœ ืžืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืืœืคื™ ืงื•ืœื˜ื ื™ื ืฉื ืงืจืื™ื ืชืื™ ืฉื™ืขืจ.
01:59
When sound enters your ear,
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ื›ืฉืฆืœื™ืœ ื ื›ื ืก ืœืื•ื–ืŸ ืฉืœื›ื,
02:02
those hair cells, they send electric signals to your brain,
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ืื•ืชื ืชืื™ ืฉื™ืขืจ, ืฉื•ืœื—ื™ื ืฉื“ืจื™ื ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื,
02:06
and your brain then interprets that as sound.
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ื•ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื›ื ืื– ืžืคืขื ื— ืื•ืชื ื›ืฆืœื™ืœ.
02:10
Hair-cell damage is really common:
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ื ื–ืง ื‘ืชืื™ ืฉื™ืขืจ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ื ืคื•ืฅ:
02:14
noise exposure, ordinary aging, illness.
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ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืœืจืขืฉ, ื”ื–ื“ืงื ื•ืช ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช, ืžื—ืœื•ืช.
02:18
My hair cells were damaged before I was even born.
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ืชืื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขืจ ืฉืœื™ ื ืคื’ืขื• ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืคื™ืœื• ื ื•ืœื“ืชื™.
02:21
My mother was exposed to German measles when she was pregnant with me.
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ืืžื ืฉืœื™ ื ื—ืฉืคื” ืœืื“ืžืช ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ื‘ื”ืจื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืชื™.
02:27
About five percent of the world has significant hearing loss.
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ื›ื—ืžื™ืฉื” ืื—ื•ื–ื™ื ืžืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ื ืžืื‘ื“ืŸ ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™.
02:31
By 2050, that's expected to double to over 900 million people,
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ืขื“ 2050, ืžืกืคืจ ื–ื” ืืžื•ืจ ืœื”ื›ืคื™ืœ ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืœืžืขืœ ืœ-900 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืื™ืฉ,
02:36
or one in 10.
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ืื• ืื—ื“ ืžื›ืœ ืขืฉืจื” ืื ืฉื™ื.
02:38
For seniors, it's already one out of three.
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ื‘ื’ื™ืžืœืื™ื, ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืื—ื“ ืžืฉืœื•ืฉื”.
02:42
With a cochlear implant,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ืฉืชืœ ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœื™,
02:44
computer chips do the job for the damaged hair cells.
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ืฉื‘ื‘ื™ ืžื—ืฉื‘ ืžื—ืœื™ืคื™ื ืืช ืชืคืงื™ื“ื ืฉืœ ืชืื™ ืฉื™ืขืจ ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื.
02:48
Imagine a box of 16 crayons,
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ื“ืžื™ื™ื ื• ืงื•ืคืกื” ืฉืœ 16 ืฆื‘ืขื™ื,
02:51
and those 16 crayons, in combination,
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ื•ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื 16 ืฆื‘ืขื™ื,
02:55
have to make all of the colors in the universe.
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ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื™ื™ืฆืจ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆื‘ืขื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
02:58
Same with the cochlear implant.
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ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืชืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœื™.
03:00
I have 16 electrodes in each of my cochleas.
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ 16 ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœื™ื ืฉืœื™.
03:04
Those 16 electrodes, in combination, send signals to my brain,
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ืื•ืชืŸ 16 ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื“ื•ืช, ื‘ืฉื™ืœื•ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ืฉื•ืœื—ื•ืช ืฉื“ืจื™ื ืœืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™,
03:10
representing all of the sounds in the universe.
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ืฉืžื™ื™ืฆื’ื™ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื.
03:14
I have electronics inside and outside of my head
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ืืœืงื˜ืจื•ื ื™ืช ื‘ืชื•ืš ื•ืžื—ื•ืฅ ืœืจืืฉ ืฉืœื™
03:18
to make that happen,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืงืจื”,
03:20
including a small processor, magnets inside my skull
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ืžืขื‘ื“ ืงื˜ืŸ, ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ื”ื’ื•ืœื’ื•ืœืช ืฉืœื™
03:25
and a rechargeable power source.
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ื•ืžืงื•ืจ ื—ืฉืžืœ ื ื˜ืขืŸ.
03:27
Radio waves transmit sound through the magnets.
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ื’ืœื™ ืจื“ื™ื• ืžืฉื“ืจื™ื ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื.
03:32
The number one question that I get about the cochlear implant
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ื”ืฉืืœื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืฉืฉื•ืืœื™ื ืื•ืชื™ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืชืœ ื”ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœื™
03:36
when people hear about the magnets
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ื›ืฉืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืžื’ื ื˜ื™ื
03:38
is whether my head sticks to the refrigerator.
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ื”ื™ื ืื ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื™ ื ื“ื‘ืง ืœืžืงืจืจ.
03:40
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:47
No, it does not.
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ืœื, ื”ื•ื ืœื.
03:48
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:50
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
03:52
Thank you, thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”, ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
03:54
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
03:56
I know this, because I tried.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช, ื›ื™ ื ื™ืกื™ืชื™.
03:57
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
04:00
Hearing people assume that the Deaf
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ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื ืžื ื™ื—ื™ื ืฉื”ื—ืจืฉื™ื
04:02
live in a perpetual state of wanting to hear,
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ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆื‘ ืชืžื™ื“ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉืื™ืคื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข,
04:06
because they can't imagine any other way.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืœ ืžืฆื‘ ืื—ืจ.
04:09
But I've never once wished to be hearing.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืžืขื•ืœื ืœื ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข.
04:11
I just wanted to be part of a community like me.
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ืื ื™ ืจืง ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื—ืœืง ืžืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื“ื•ืžื™ื ืœื™.
04:14
I wanted everyone else to be deaf.
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ืจืฆื™ืชื™ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ืกื‘ื™ื‘ื™ ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ืจืฉื™ื.
04:17
I think that sense of belonging is what ultimately connects our stories,
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ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช ืฉืื•ืชื” ืชื—ื•ืฉืช ืฉื™ื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื™ื ื–ื• ืฉืžื—ื‘ืจืช ืืช ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื•,
04:22
and mine felt incomplete.
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ื•ื”ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœื™ ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ืœืชื™ ื’ืžื•ืจ.
04:25
When cochlear implants first got going,
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ื›ืฉืฉืชืœื™ ื”ืฉื‘ืœื•ืœ ื”ื•ืคื™ืขื•,
04:28
back in the '80s,
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ื›ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื•ืช ื”-80,
04:29
the operation was Frankenstein-monster scary.
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ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ื™ื” ืžืคื—ื™ื“ ื‘ืจืžื” ืฉืœ ืžืคืœืฆืช ืคืจื ืงื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ.
04:35
By 2001, the procedure had evolved considerably,
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ืขื“ 2001, ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ืชืคืชื— ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžืฉืžืขื•ืชื™,
04:39
but it still wiped out any natural hearing that you had.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืœ ื›ืœ ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ืช ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื™ืชื” ืงื™ื™ืžืช.
04:43
The success rate then for speech comprehension was low,
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ืื—ื•ื– ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืœื”ื‘ื ืช ื”ื“ื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื” ื“ื™ ื ืžื•ืš,
04:47
maybe 50 percent.
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ืื•ืœื™ 50 ืื—ื•ื–.
04:50
So if it didn't work, you couldn't go back.
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ืื– ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืขื‘ื“, ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืื—ื•ืจื”.
04:53
At that time, implants were also controversial in the Deaf culture.
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ื‘ืื•ืชื• ื”ื–ืžืŸ, ื”ื™ื• ื—ื™ืœื•ืงื™ ื“ืขื•ืช ื‘ืงื”ื™ืœืช ื”ื—ืจืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืชืœื™ื.
04:59
Basically, it was considered the equivalent
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ื‘ืขืงืจื•ืŸ, ื–ื” ื ื—ืฉื‘ ื›ืื™ืœื•
05:02
of changing the color of your skin.
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ืฉื™ื ื™ืชื ืืช ืฆื‘ืข ื”ืขื•ืจ ืฉืœื›ื.
05:04
I held off for a while,
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ื“ื—ื™ืชื™ ืืช ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื‘ืžืฉืš ื–ืžืŸ ืžื”,
05:06
but my hearing was going downhill fast,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ืฉืœื™ ื”ืชื“ืจื“ืจื” ื‘ืžื”ื™ืจื•ืช,
05:10
and hearing aids were no longer helping.
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ื•ืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ ื”ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืขื–ืจื•.
05:12
So in 2003, I made the tough decision to have the cochlear implant.
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ืื– ื‘-2003, ืงื™ื‘ืœืชื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื” ื”ืงืฉื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืืช ื”ืฉืชืœ.
05:18
I just needed to stop that soul-sucking cycle of loss,
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ืจืง ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœื”ืคืกื™ืง ืืช ืžืขื’ืœ ื”ื”ืคืกื“,
05:24
regardless of whether the operation worked,
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ื‘ืœื™ ืงืฉืจ ืœืžื™ื“ืช ื”ื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื ื™ืชื•ื—,
05:27
and I really didn't think that it would.
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ื•ืžืžืฉ ืœื ื—ืฉื‘ืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ืขื‘ื•ื“.
05:29
I saw it as one last box to check off
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ืจืื™ืชื™ ื‘ื–ื” ื›ืื•ืคืฆื™ื” ืื—ืจื•ื ื” ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง
05:33
before I made the transition to being completely deaf,
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืืขืฉื” ืืช ื”ืžืขื‘ืจ ืœื—ืจืฉื•ืช ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ืช,
05:37
which a part of me wanted.
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ืฉื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื™ ืจืฆื” ื‘ื–ื”.
05:41
Complete silence is very addictive.
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ืฉืงื˜ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜ ื”ื•ื ืžืžืฉ ืžืžื›ืจ.
05:45
Maybe you've spent time in a sensory deprivation tank,
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ืื•ืœื™ ืฉื”ื™ืชื ืคืขื ื‘ืชื ื—ืกืš ื—ื•ืฉื™,
05:49
and you know what I mean.
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื” ืื ื™ ืžื“ื‘ืจืช.
05:51
Silence has mind-expanding capabilities.
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ื”ื“ืžืžื” ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืจื—ื™ื‘ ืืช ื”ื ืคืฉ.
05:55
In silence, I see sound.
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ื‘ื“ืžืžื”, ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื.
05:58
When I watch a music video without sound,
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ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ืงืœื™ืค ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืœื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืฆืœื™ืœ,
06:01
I can hear music.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืฉืžื•ืข ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื”.
06:02
In the absence of sound,
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ื‘ื”ื™ืขื“ืจ ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื,
06:04
my brain fills in the gaps based on the movement I see.
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ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ืžืžืœื ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื”ืชื ื•ืขื” ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืื”.
06:09
My mind is no longer competing with the distraction of sound.
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ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืชื—ืจื” ื‘ืžื˜ืจื“ ืฉืœ ื”ืฆืœื™ืœื™ื.
06:14
It's freed up to think more creatively.
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ื”ื•ื ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฆื™ืจืชื™.
06:19
There are advantages to having bionic body parts as well.
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ื™ืฉื ื ื’ื ื™ืชืจื•ื ื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ ื‘ืขืœ ื—ืœืงื™ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ื™ื.
06:23
It's undeniably convenient to be able to hear,
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ื–ื” ื‘ื”ื—ืœื˜ ื ื•ื— ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืกื•ื’ืœืช ืœืฉืžื•ืข,
06:26
and I can turn it off any time I want.
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ื•ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ื’ื ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ืžืชื™ ืฉืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื”.
06:28
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:30
I'm hearing when I need to be, and the rest of the time, I'm not.
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ืื ื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช ื›ืฉืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื”, ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ืื ื™ ืœื.
06:34
Bionic hearing doesn't age,
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ืฉืžื™ืขื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื™ืช ืœื ืžื–ื“ืงื ืช,
06:36
although external parts sometimes need replacement.
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื—ืœืงื™ื ื”ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื–ืงื•ืงื™ื ืœื”ื—ืœืคื”.
06:40
It would be so cool
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ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื’ื ื™ื‘
06:42
to just automatically regenerate a damaged part like a real cyborg,
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ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืœื—ื“ืฉ ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™ ื—ืœืงื™ื ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืืžื™ืชื™,
06:47
but I get mine FedExed from Advanced Bionics.
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉืœื™ ืžื’ื™ืขื™ื ื‘ื“ื•ืืจ ืž-Advanced Bionics.
06:50
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:52
Oh, I get updates
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ืื•, ืื ื™ ืžืงื‘ืœืช ืขื“ื›ื•ื ื™ื
06:55
downloaded into my head.
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ืฉื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ื™ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืžื•ื— ืฉืœื™.
06:58
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
06:59
It's not quite AirDrop -- but close.
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืžืฉ AirDrop - ืื‘ืœ ื“ื™ ืงืจื•ื‘.
07:02
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:04
With the cochlear implant,
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ื‘ืขื–ืจืช ื”ืฉืชืœ,
07:05
I can stream music from my iPod into my head without earbuds.
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงื” ืžื”ืื™ื™ืคื•ื“ ืฉืœื™ ืœืชื•ืš ื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืœื™ ืœืœื ืื•ื–ื ื™ื•ืช.
07:11
Recently, I went to a friend's long, tedious concert ...
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ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”, ื”ืœื›ืชื™ ืœืงื•ื ืฆืจื˜ ืืจื•ืš ื•ืžืฉืขืžื ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจ...
07:16
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:18
and unknown to anyone else,
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ื•ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืืฃ ืื—ื“ ืื—ืจ ื™ื“ืข,
07:20
I listened to the Beatles for three hours instead.
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ื”ืงืฉื‘ืชื™ ืœื‘ื™ื˜ืœืก ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉืœื•ืฉ ืฉืขื•ืช, ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื–ื”.
07:23
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
07:24
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
07:31
Technology has come so far so fast.
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ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื” ื‘ืงืฆื‘ ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื”ื™ืจ.
07:35
The biggest obstacle I face as a deaf person
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ื”ืืชื’ืจ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉืขื•ืžื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ื›ืื“ื ื—ืจืฉ
07:38
is no longer a physical barrier.
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ืื™ื ื• ืžื—ืกื•ื ืคื™ื–ื™.
07:40
It's the way that people respond to my deafness,
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ืืœื ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™,
07:44
the outdated way people respond to my deafness --
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ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื™ื•ืฉืŸ ื‘ื• ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื’ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื—ื™ืจืฉื•ืช ืฉืœื™ --
07:48
pity, patronization, even anger --
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ืจื—ืžื™ื, ืคื˜ืจื•ื ื™ื•ืช, ืืคื™ืœื• ื›ืขืก --
07:52
because that just cancels out the human connection
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžื‘ื˜ืœ ืืช ื”ืงืฉืจ ื”ืื ื•ืฉื™
07:56
that technology achieves.
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ืฉื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืฉื™ื’ื”.
07:58
I once had a travel roommate who had a complete temper tantrum,
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ืคืขื ื”ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ืฉื•ืชืคื” ืœื—ื“ ื‘ื˜ื™ื•ืœ ืฉื—ื˜ืคื” ื”ืชืงืฃ ื–ืขื,
08:03
because I didn't hear her knocking on the door
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ื›ื™ ืœื ืฉืžืขืชื™ ืื•ืชื” ื“ื•ืคืงืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืœืช
08:05
when her key didn't work.
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ื›ืฉื”ืžืคืชื— ืฉืœื” ืœื ืขื‘ื“.
08:07
If I hadn't been there, no problem, she could get another key,
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ืื ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื, ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ื”, ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืžืฉื™ื’ื” ืžืคืชื— ืื—ืจ,
08:11
but when she saw that I was there, her anger boiled over.
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืจืืชื” ืฉืื ื™ ืฉื, ื”ื›ืขืก ืฉืœื” ื”ืชืคืจืฅ.
08:16
It was no longer about a key.
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ื–ื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœ ืžืคืชื—.
08:18
It was about deafness not being a good enough reason
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ื–ื” ื”ื™ื” ืกื‘ื™ื‘ ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉื—ื™ืจืฉื•ืช ืื™ื ื” ืกื™ื‘ื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”
08:22
for her inconvenience.
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ืœื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœื”.
08:24
Or the commercial about the deaf man
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ืื• ื”ืคืจืกื•ืžืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื‘ืจ ื”ื—ื™ืจืฉ
08:27
whose neighborhood surprised him with sign language messages
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ืฉื”ืฉื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœื• ืžืคืชื™ืขื” ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืžืกืจื™ื ื‘ืฉืคืช ื”ืกื™ืžื ื™ื
08:30
from people on the street.
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ืžืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘.
08:33
Everyone who sent me the video told me they cried,
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ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืฉืœื— ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ื–ื” ืืžืจ ืœื™ ืฉื”ื ื‘ื›ื•,
08:36
so I asked them,
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ืื– ืฉืืœืชื™ ืื•ืชื,
08:37
"Well, what if he wasn't deaf?
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"ื•ืžื” ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ืจืฉ?
08:39
What if his first language was Spanish,
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ืžื” ืื ื”ื•ื ืžื“ื‘ืจ ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช,
08:41
and everyone learned Spanish instead?
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ืœืžื“ื• ืกืคืจื“ื™ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื?
08:44
Would you have cried?"
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ื”ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื ื‘ื•ื›ื™ื ื’ื ืื–?"
08:46
And they all said no.
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ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืืžืจื• ืฉืœื.
08:48
They weren't crying because of the communication barrier,
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ื”ื ืœื ื‘ื›ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืžื—ืกื•ื ื”ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช
08:51
they were crying because the man was deaf.
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ื”ื ื‘ื›ื• ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ืื“ื ื”ื™ื” ื—ื™ืจืฉ.
08:54
But I see it differently.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืจื•ืื” ืืช ื–ื” ืื—ืจืช.
08:56
What if the Borg showed up in that video,
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ืžื” ืื ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ ื”ื•ืคื™ืข ื‘ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื”ื–ื”,
09:01
and the Borg said, "Deafness is irrelevant."
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ื•ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ ืืžืจ, "ื—ื™ืจืฉื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™ืช".
09:05
Because that's what they say, right?
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ื›ื™ ื–ื” ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืื•ืžืจื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
09:07
Everything's "irrelevant."
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ื”ื›ืœ "ืœื ืจืœื•ื•ื ื˜ื™".
09:08
And then the Borg assimilated the deaf guy --
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ื•ืื– ื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ ื”ื˜ืžื™ืข ืืช ื”ืื“ื ื”ื—ื™ืจืฉ --
09:12
not out of pity, not out of anger,
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ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ืจื—ืžื™ื, ืœื ืžืชื•ืš ื›ืขืก,
09:14
but because he had a biological distinctiveness
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ืืœื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ืฉื”ื™ืชื” ืœื• ืืช ื”ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช ื”ื‘ื™ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ืช
09:18
that the Borg wanted,
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ืฉื”ื‘ื•ืจื’ ื—ื™ืคืฉ,
09:19
including unique language capabilities.
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ื›ื•ืœืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืคื” ื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื•ืช.
09:23
I would much rather see that commercial.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืขื“ื™ืคื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ืคืจืกื•ืžืช ื”ื–ืืช.
09:25
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:27
Why does thinking about ability make people so uncomfortable?
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ืœืžื” ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืขืœ ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ื’ื•ืจืžืช ืœืื™ ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉื›ื–ื•?
09:32
You might know a play, later a movie,
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ืืชื ืื•ืœื™ ืžื›ื™ืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ืฉื”ืคืš ื’ื ืœืกืจื˜
09:35
called "Children of a Lesser God,"
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ื‘ืฉื: "ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืœืืœื•ื”ื™ื",
09:37
by Mark Medoff.
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ืฉืœ ืžืืจืง ืžื“ื•ืฃ.
09:38
That play, that title,
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ื›ื•ืชืจืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื”ื–ื”
09:40
actually comes from a poem by Alfred Tennyson,
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ืžื’ื™ืขื” ืžืฉื™ืจ ืฉื ื›ืชื‘ ืข"ื™ ืืœืคืจื“ ื˜ื™ื™ืกื•ืŸ,
09:44
and I interpret both the play and title
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ื•ืื ื™ ืžืคืจืฉืช ืืช ื”ืžื—ื–ื” ื•ืืช ื”ื›ื•ืชืจืช
09:47
to say that humans who are perceived as defective
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ื›ื˜ื•ืขื ื™ื ืฉื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืฉื ืชืคืกื™ื ื›ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื
09:52
were made by a lesser God
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ื”ื ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ื•ืจื’ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืืœ
09:54
and live an inferior existence,
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ื•ื—ื™ื™ื ื‘ืงื™ื•ื ื ื—ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ,
09:56
while those made by the real God are a superior class,
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืืœื” ืฉื ื•ืฆืจื• ื›ื™ืœื“ื™ ื”ืืœ ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ ื”ื ื‘ืžืขืžื“ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ,
10:02
because God doesn't make mistakes.
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ื›ื™ ื”ืืœ ืœื ืขื•ืฉื” ื˜ืขื•ื™ื•ืช.
10:05
In World War II,
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ื‘ืžืœื—ืžืช ื”ืขื•ืœื ื”ืฉื ื™ื”,
10:06
an estimated 275,000 people with disabilities
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ื›-275,000 ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื•ื™ื•ืช
10:11
were murdered in special death camps,
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ื ืจืฆื—ื• ื‘ืžื—ื ื•ืช ื”ืฉืžื“ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื,
10:14
because they didn't fit Hitler's vision of a superior race.
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ื›ื™ ื”ื ืœื ื”ืชืื™ืžื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืฉืœ ื’ื–ืข ืขืœื™ื•ืŸ.
10:19
Hitler said that he was inspired by the United States,
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ื”ื™ื˜ืœืจ ืืžืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืงื™ื‘ืœ ื”ืฉืจืื” ืžืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
10:24
which had enacted involuntary sterilization laws for "the unfit"
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ืฉื”ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื—ื•ืงื™ ืกื™ืจื•ืก ื›ืคื•ื™ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ "ื”ื‘ืœืชื™ ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื"
10:30
in the early 1900s.
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ื‘ืชื—ื™ืœืช ื”ืžืื” ื”-20.
10:33
That practice continued in more than 30 states until the '70s,
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ื”ื ื•ื”ื’ ื”ื–ื” ื”ืžืฉื™ืš ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-30 ืžื“ื™ื ื•ืช ืขื“ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”-70,
10:38
with the last law finally repealed in 2003.
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ื›ืฉื”ื—ื•ืง ื”ืื—ืจื•ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ ืกื•ืฃ ื‘ื•ื˜ืœ ื‘-2003.
10:43
So the world is not that far removed from Tennyson's poem.
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ืื– ื”ืขื•ืœื ืœื ื›ื–ื” ืจื—ื•ืง ืžื”ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื˜ื ื™ืกื•ืŸ.
10:48
That tendency to make assumptions about people based on ability
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ื”ื ื˜ื™ื” ืœื”ื ื™ื— ื”ื ื—ื•ืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืขืœ ื‘ืกื™ืก ื™ื›ื•ืœืช
10:53
comes out in sentences like
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ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ื‘ืžืฉืคื˜ื™ื ื›ืžื•
10:55
"You're so special," "I couldn't live like that"
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"ืืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ืช", "ืื ื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื›ื›ื”"
10:59
or "Thank God that's not me."
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ืื• "ืชื•ื“ื” ืœืืœ ืฉื–ืืช ืœื ืื ื™".
11:04
Changing how people think is like getting them to break a habit.
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ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืฆื•ืจืช ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื• ื‘ืงืฉื” ืœืฉื ื•ืช ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื.
11:08
Before the implant, I had stopped using the voice telephone
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ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืฉืชืœ, ื”ืคืกืงืชื™ ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช
11:13
and switched to email,
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ื•ื”ื—ืœืคืชื™ ืœืื™ืžื™ื™ืœื™ื,
11:14
but people kept leaving me voice mail.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ืžืฉื™ื›ื• ืœื”ืฉืื™ืจ ืœื™ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช.
11:17
They were upset that I was unreachable by phone
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ื”ื ื”ืชืขืฆื‘ื ื• ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื–ืžื™ื ื” ื‘ื˜ืœืคื•ืŸ
11:20
and not returning messages.
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ื•ืœื ื”ื—ื–ืจืชื™ ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช.
11:22
I continued to tell them my situation.
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ื”ืžืฉื›ืชื™ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืœื”ื ืืช ืžืฆื‘ื™.
11:26
It took them months to adapt.
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ืœืงื— ืœื”ื ื—ื•ื“ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืชืจื’ืœ.
11:29
Fast-forward 10 years,
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ืื ื ืจื•ืฅ ืงื“ื™ืžื” 10 ืฉื ื™ื,
11:31
and you know who else hated voice mail?
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื™ ืขื•ื“ ืœื ืกื•ื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช?
11:34
Millennials.
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ื“ื•ืจ ื”-Y.
11:35
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:38
And you know what they did?
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ื•ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ื”ื ืขืฉื•?
11:40
They normalized texting for communication instead.
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ื”ื ื”ืคื›ื• ืืช ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ื˜ืงืกื˜ ืœืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื”ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ืช.
11:44
Now, when it comes to ignoring voice mail,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืชืขืœืžื•ืช ืžื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช
11:48
it no longer matters whether you're deaf or just self-absorbed.
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ื”ื™ื ืœื ืจืง ื ื—ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื—ื™ืจืฉื™ื ืืœื ื’ื ืฉืœ ืžื™ ืฉืฉืงื•ืข ื‘ืขืฆืžื•.
11:52
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
11:55
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
12:02
Millennials changed how people think about messaging.
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ื“ื•ืจ ื”-Y ืฉื™ื ื• ืืช ื”ื“ืจืš ื‘ื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช.
12:06
They reset the default.
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ื”ื ืขื“ื›ื ื• ืืช ื‘ืจื™ืจืช ื”ืžื—ื“ืœ.
12:08
Can I just tell you how much I love texting?
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ืื ื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื›ื ื›ืžื” ืื ื™ ืื•ื”ื‘ืช ืœืฉืœื•ื— ืกืžืกื™ื?
12:11
Oh, and group texts.
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ื•ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืงื‘ื•ืฆืชื™ื•ืช.
12:14
I have six siblings --
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ื™ืฉ ืœื™ ืฉืฉ ืื—ื™ื --
12:17
they're all hearing,
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ื”ื ื›ื•ืœื ืฉื•ืžืขื™ื,
12:18
but I don't think any less of them.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ื”ืขืจื›ื” ืฉืœื™ ืืœื™ื”ื.
12:21
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
12:22
And we all text.
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ื•ื›ื•ืœื ื• ืžืกืžืกื™ื ื–ื” ืœื–ื”.
12:24
Do you know how thrilling it is
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื›ืžื” ื–ื” ื›ื™ืฃ
12:26
to have a visual means of communication that everyone else actually uses?
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ืฉื™ืฉ ืฆื•ืจืช ืชืงืฉื•ืจืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื”?
12:31
So I am on a mission now.
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ืื– ืื ื™ ื‘ืžืฉื™ืžื” ืขื›ืฉื™ื•.
12:34
As a consumer of technology,
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ื›ืฆืจื›ื ื™ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
12:37
I want visual options whenever there's audio.
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ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืื•ืคืฆื™ื•ืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ืœื›ืœ ืฆืœื™ืœ.
12:40
It doesn't matter whether I'm deaf
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ื–ื” ืœื ืžืฉื ื” ืื ืื ื™ ื—ืจืฉืช
12:42
or don't want to wake the baby.
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ืื• ืœื ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื”ืขื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืชื™ื ื•ืง.
12:44
Both are equally valid.
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ืฉื ื™ื”ื ืžืงื•ื‘ืœื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื•ื•ื”.
12:46
Smart designers
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ืžืขืฆื‘ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื
12:48
include multiple ways to access technology,
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ื›ื•ืœืœื™ื ืžื’ื•ื•ืŸ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื”,
12:52
but segregating that access under "accessibility" --
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืคืจื“ืช ื”ื’ื™ืฉื” ื”ื–ื• ืชื—ืช "ื ื’ื™ืฉื•ืช" --
12:58
that's just hiding it from mainstream users.
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ืจืง ืžื—ื‘ื™ืื” ืื•ืชื” ืžืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืจื’ื™ืœื™ื.
13:01
In order to change how people think,
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ื›ื“ื™ ืœืฉื ื•ืช ืืช ืื•ืคืŸ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื,
13:04
we need to be more than accessible,
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ืื ื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืจืง ื ื’ื™ืฉื™ื,
13:06
we need to be connected.
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืฉืจื™ื.
13:08
Apple did this recently.
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ื—ื‘ืจืช ืืคืœ ืขืฉืชื” ื–ืืช ืœืื—ืจื•ื ื”.
13:11
On my iPhone, it automatically displays a visual transcript
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ืขืœ ื”ืื™ื™ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืœื™, ืขื•ืœื” ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื™ื–ื•ืืœื™ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื˜ื•ืžื˜ื™
13:15
of my voice mail,
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ืขื ื”ื”ื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื”ืงื•ืœื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
13:16
right next to the audio button.
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ืžืžืฉ ืœื™ื“ ื›ืคืชื•ืจ ื”ืฉืžืข.
13:18
I couldn't turn it off even if I wanted to.
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ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœืชื™ ืœื›ื‘ื•ืช ืืช ื–ื” ื’ื ืื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืจื•ืฆื”.
13:21
You know what else?
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื” ืขื•ื“?
13:22
Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Prime no longer say
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ื ื˜ืคืœื™ืงืก, ื”ื•ืœื•, ืืžื–ื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ื™ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื
13:27
"Closed-captioned for the hearing impaired."
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"ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ืœืžื•ื’ื‘ืœื™ ืฉืžื™ืขื”"
13:29
They say "subtitles," "on" or "off,"
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ื”ื ื›ื•ืชื‘ื™ื "ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช", "ื”ืคืขืœ" ืื• "ื›ื‘ื”",
13:33
with a list of languages underneath, including English.
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ืขื ืจืฉื™ืžื” ืฉืœ ืฉืคื•ืช ืžืฆื•ืจืคืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช.
13:38
Technology has come so far.
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ื”ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื” ื”ืชืงื“ืžื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš.
13:40
Our mindset just needs to catch up.
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ื”ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฉืœื ื• ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ื’ื ืœื”ืชืงื“ื.
13:44
"Resistance is futile."
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"ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ื—ืกืจืช ืชื•ืขืœืช".
13:46
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:48
You have been assimilated.
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ื›ื•ืœื›ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื˜ืžืขืชื ื‘ืžืขืจื›ืช.
13:49
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
13:51
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืจื‘ื”.
13:52
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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