Elizabeth Camarillo Gutierrez: What's missing from the American immigrant narrative | TED

113,562 views ใƒป 2020-05-12

TED


ืื ื ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ.

ืชืจื’ื•ื: Dolev Zachar ืขืจื™ื›ื”: Ido Dekkers
00:12
Hi, everyone, my name is Elizabeth,
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ื”ื™ื™ ื›ื•ืœื, ืฉืžื™ ืืœื™ื–ื‘ืช,
00:14
and I work on the trading floor.
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ื•ืื ื™ ืขื•ื‘ื“ืช ื‘ืงื•ืžืช ื”ืžืกื—ืจ
00:17
But I'm still pretty new to it.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื“ืฉื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื
00:20
I graduated from college about a year and a half ago,
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ืกื™ื™ืžืชื™ ืืช ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืงื•ืœื’ืณ ื‘ืขืจืš ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ื” ื•ื—ืฆื™
00:24
and to be quite honest,
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ื•ืื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื›ื ื”,
00:25
I'm still recovering from the recruiting process
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ืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืชืื•ืฉืฉืช ืžืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื’ื™ื•ืก
00:28
I had to go through to get here.
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ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืคื”
00:30
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:31
Now, I don't know about you,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ื›ื,
00:34
but this is the most ridiculous thing
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื›ื™ ืžื’ื•ื—ืš
00:37
that I still remember about the whole process,
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ืฉืื ื™ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื•ื›ืจืช ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš,
00:39
was asking insecure college students what their biggest passion was.
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ื”ื™ื” ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ื—ืกืจื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ, ืžื”ื™ ื”ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื”ื›ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืœื”ื
00:44
Like, do you expect me to have an answer for that?
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ื›ืื™ืœื•, ืืชื ื‘ืืžืช ืžืฆืคื™ื ืžืžื ื™, ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืœื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืœื›ืš?
00:48
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
00:49
Of course I did.
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ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™.
00:51
And to be quite honest,
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ื•ืœืžืขืŸ ื”ื›ื ื•ืช,
00:53
I really showed those recruiters just how passionate I was
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ืžืžืฉ ื”ืจืืชื™ ืœืžื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื ื›ืžื” ืชืฉื•ืงื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™
00:56
by telling them all about my early interest in the global economy,
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ื‘ื›ืš ืฉืกื™ืคืจืชื™ ืœื”ื ื”ื›ืœ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ืงื“ื ืฉืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœื›ืœื” ื’ืœื•ื‘ืœื™ืช
01:00
which, conveniently, stemmed from the conversations
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ืฉื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื ื•ื—, ื ื‘ืข ืžื”ืฉื™ื—ื•ืช
01:03
that I would overhear my immigrant parents having
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ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ื”ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ืžืงืจื” ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฉื•ืžืขืช
01:06
about money and the fluctuating value of the Mexican peso.
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ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื›ืกืฃ, ื•ื”ืขืจืš ื”ืœื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื• ื”ืžืงืกื™ืงื ื™.
01:10
They love a good personal story.
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ื”ื ืื”ื‘ื• ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืื™ืฉื™ ื˜ื•ื‘.
01:13
But you know what?
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ืžื”?
01:14
I lied.
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ืฉื™ืงืจืชื™.
01:16
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:17
And not because the things I said weren't true --
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ื•ืœื ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืœื ื”ื™ื• ื ื›ื•ื ื™ื --
01:19
I mean, my parents were talking about this stuff.
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื‘ืจื• ืขืœ ื ื•ืฉืื™ื ื›ืืœื•
01:22
But that's not really why I decided to jump into finance.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ืœื ื‘ืืžืช ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื‘ื’ืœืœื” ื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœื”ื™ื›ื ืก ืœืชื—ื•ื ื”ื›ืกืคื™ื
01:27
I just really wanted to pay my rent.
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ืื ื™ ืคืฉื•ื˜ ืžืžืฉ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ืจ ื“ื™ืจื”
01:29
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
01:32
And here's the thing.
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ื•ื”ื ื” ื”ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ.
01:34
The reality of having to pay my rent and do real adult things
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ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœืฉืœื ืฉื›ื™ืจื•ืช ื•ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื
01:39
is something that we're rarely willing to admit to employers,
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ื–ื” ืœืคืขืžื™ื ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื›ืžืขื˜ ืืฃ ืคืขื ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื™ื ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื• ืœืžืขืกื™ืงื™ื,
01:42
to others and even to ourselves.
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ืœืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืœืขืฆืžื ื•
01:44
I know I wasn't about to tell my recruiters
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืžืกืคืจืช ืœืžื’ื™ื™ืกื™ื
01:46
that I was there for the money.
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ืฉืื ื™ ื›ืืŸ ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ื›ืกืฃ.
01:48
And that's because for the most part,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืœืจื•ื‘,
01:50
we want to see ourselves as idealists
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ืื ื—ื ื• ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื
01:52
and as people who do what they believe in
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ื•ื›ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ืžื” ืฉื”ื ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื•
01:54
and pursue the things that they find the most exciting.
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ื•ืจื•ื“ืคื™ื ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื›ื™ ืžืจื’ืฉื™ื ืื•ืชื ื•.
01:58
But the reality is
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ื™ื
02:00
very few of us actually have the privilege to do that.
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ืฉืจืง ืœืžืขื˜ื™ื ืžืื™ืชื ื• ื™ืฉ ืืช ื”ืคืจื™ื‘ื™ืœื’ื™ื” ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื–ืืช.
02:04
Now, I can't speak for everyone,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉื ื›ื•ืœื,
02:07
but this is especially true for young immigrant professionals like me.
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ืื‘ืœ ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื™ื, ื‘ื ื™ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื, ื›ืžื•ื ื™.
02:11
And the reason this is true has something to do with the narratives
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ื•ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ืฉื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ, ืงืฉื•ืจื” ืœืกื™ืคื•ืจ
02:15
that society has kept hitting us with
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ืฉื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ื˜ืžื™ืขื” ื‘ื ื•
02:16
in the news, in the workplace
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ื‘ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช, ื‘ืขื‘ื•ื“ื”
02:18
and even by those annoyingly self-critical voices in our heads.
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ื•ืืคื™ืœื• ืื•ืชื ืงื•ืœื•ืช ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจืช ืขืฆืžื™ืช ื‘ืจืืฉื ื•.
02:22
So what narratives am I referring to?
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ืื– ืžื” ื”ื ืื•ืชื ื ืจื˜ื‘ื™ื ืฉืื ื™ ืžืชื™ื™ื—ืกืช ืืœื™ื”ื?
02:24
Well, there's two that come to mind when it comes to immigrants.
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ื•ื‘ื›ืŸ, ื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืจืืฉ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื.
02:27
The first is the idea of the immigrant worker.
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ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืžื”ื’ืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“.
02:29
You know, people that come to the US in search of jobs as laborers,
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื‘ืื™ื ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืื—ืจ ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื›ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื,
02:33
or field workers, dish washers.
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ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ื—, ืฉื•ื˜ืคื™ ื›ืœื™ื.
02:36
You know, things that we might consider low-wage jobs
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ืืชื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื, ืขื‘ื•ื“ื•ืช ืฉื ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืขืœื•ืช ืฉื›ืจ ื ืžื•ืš
02:39
but the immigrants?
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื?
02:41
That's a good opportunity.
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ื–ืืช ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ื”.
02:44
The news nowadays has convoluted that whole thing quite a bit.
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ื”ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ื‘ื™ืžื™ื ื• ืกื™ื‘ื›ื• ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ื”.
02:47
You could say that it's made America's relationship with immigrants complicated.
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ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ, ืฉื–ื” ื”ืคืš ืืช ื™ื—ืกื™ื” ืฉืœ ืืžืจื™ืงื” ืขื ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ืœืžืกื•ื‘ื›ื™ื.
02:52
And as immigrant expert George Borjas would have put it,
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ื•ื›ืžื• ืฉืžื•ืžื—ื” ื”ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื, ื’ืณื•ืจื’ืณ ื‘ื•ืจื—ืก ื”ื™ื” ืžื ืกื— ืืช ื–ื”,
02:55
it's kind of like America wanted workers,
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ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ืฉืืžืจื™ืงื” ืจืฆืชื” ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื,
02:58
but then, they got confused when we got people instead.
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ืื‘ืœ ืื– ื”ื™ื ื”ืชื‘ืœื‘ืœื”, ื›ืฉื”ื™ื ืงื™ื‘ืœื” ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืžืงื•ื.
03:01
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
03:04
I mean, it's natural that people want to strive
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช, ื–ื” ื˜ื‘ืขื™ ืฉืœืื ืฉื™ื ื™ืฉ ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช
03:06
to put a roof over their heads and live a normal life, right?
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ืœืฉื™ื ื’ื’ ืžืขืœ ืœืจืืฉื, ื•ืœื—ื™ื•ืช ื—ื™ื™ื ื ื•ืจืžืœื™ื, ื ื›ื•ืŸ?
03:09
So for obvious reasons,
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ืื– ืžืกื™ื‘ื•ืช ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ืžืืœื™ื”ืŸ,
03:11
this narrative has been driving me a little bit crazy.
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ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ืงืฆืช ืžืฉื’ืข ืื•ืชื™.
03:14
But it's not the only one.
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“.
03:17
The other narrative that I'm going to talk about
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ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืื ื™ ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ืœื“ื‘ืจ ืขืœื™ื•
03:19
is the idea of the superimmigrant.
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ื”ื•ื ื”ืจืขื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืœ ืกื•ืคืจ-ืžื”ื’ืจ.
03:21
In America, we love to idolize superimmigrants
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ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืื ื—ื ื• ืื•ื”ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืื“ื™ืจ ืกื•ืคืจ-ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื
03:24
as the ideal symbols of American success.
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ื›ืกืžืœ ื”ืื™ื“ื™ืืœื™ ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ืช.
03:27
I grew up admiring superimmigrants,
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ืื ื™ ื’ื“ืœืชื™ ื‘ื”ืขืจืฆื” ืœืื•ืชื ืกื•ืคืจ-ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื,
03:29
because their existence fueled my dreams and it gave me hope.
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืงื™ื•ื ืฉืœื”ื ืชื“ืœืง ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืฉืœื™ ื•ื ืชืŸ ืœื™ ืชืงื•ื•ื”.
03:34
The problem with this narrative is that it also seems to cast a shadow
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ื”ื‘ืขื™ื” ืขื ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ื”ื–ื” ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืจืื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื’ื ืžื˜ื™ืœ ืฆืœ
03:38
on those that don't succeed
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ืขืœ ืืœื• ืฉืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื
03:39
or that don't make it in that way, as less than.
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ืื• ืฉืœื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืืช ื–ื”.
03:42
And for years, I got caught up in the ways
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ื•ื‘ืžืฉืš ืฉื ื™ื, ื ืชืคืกืชื™ ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื
03:44
in which it seemed to celebrate one type of immigrant
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ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ื–ื” ืฉื‘ื• ื—ื•ื’ื’ื™ื ืกื•ื’ ืื—ื“ ืฉืœ ืžื”ื’ืจ
03:47
while villainizing the other.
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ืชื•ืš ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื”ื•ืคื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืฉื ื™ ืœืจืฉืข.
03:49
I mean, were my parents' sacrifices not enough?
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ, ื”ืื ื”ื”ืงืจื‘ื” ืฉืœ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœื ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืžืกืคื™ืงื”?
03:53
Was the fact that my dad came home from the metal factory
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ื”ืื ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉืื‘ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื ืžืžืคืขืœ ื”ืžืชื›ืช
03:56
covered in corrosive dust,
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ืžื›ื•ืกื” ื‘ืื‘ืง ืฉื•ื—ืง,
03:58
was that not super?
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ื–ื” ืœื ื”ื™ื” ืžืกืคื™ืง?
04:01
Don't get me wrong,
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ืฉืœื ืชื‘ื™ื ื• ืœื ื ื›ื•ืŸ,
04:02
I've internalized both of these narratives to some degree,
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ืื ื™ ื”ืคื ืžืชื™ ืืช ืฉื ื™ ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ื‘ืจืžื” ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช,
04:05
and in many ways,
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ื•ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ืจื‘ื•ืช,
04:07
seeing my heroes succeed, it has pushed me to do the same.
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ืœืจืื•ืช ืืช ื”ื’ื™ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื, ื“ื—ืฃ ืื•ืชื™ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ื“ื‘ืจ.
04:11
But both of these narratives are flawed in the ways
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ืื‘ืœ ืฉื ื™ ื”ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืคื’ื•ืžื™ื ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ
04:13
in which they dehumanize people if they don't fit within a certain mold
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ืฉื‘ื• ื”ื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ื“ื”-ื”ื•ืžื ื™ื–ืฆื™ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืœื ืžืชืื™ืžื™ื ืœืชื‘ื ื™ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช
04:17
or succeed in a certain way.
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ืื• ืžืฆืœื™ื—ื™ื ื‘ื“ืจืš ืžืกื•ื™ื™ืžืช.
04:20
And this really affected my self-image,
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ื•ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ื”ื“ื™ืžื•ื™ ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืฉืœื™,
04:23
because I started to question these ideas for who my parents were
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืขืจืขืจ ืขืœ ื”ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื”ืืœื• ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™
04:27
and who I was,
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ื•ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืฆืžื™,
04:28
and I started to wonder,
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ื•ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ ืœืชื”ื•ืช,
04:30
"Am I doing enough to protect my family and my community
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ื”ืื ืื ื™ ืขื•ืฉื” ืžืกืคื™ืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ื•ืขืœ ื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™
04:34
from the injustices that we felt every day?"
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ืžืื•ืชื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ืฆื“ืง ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ื—ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื™ื•ื?
04:37
So why did I choose to "sell out"
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ืื– ืœืžื” ื‘ื—ืจืชื™ ืดืœื”ืชืขืœืืด
04:40
while watching tragedies unfold right in front of me?
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ืฆื•ืคื” ื‘ื˜ืจื’ื“ื™ื•ืช ืžื•ืœ ื”ืขื™ื ื™ื™ื ืฉืœื™?
04:44
Now, it took me a long time to come to terms with my decisions.
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ืœืงื— ืœื™ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื–ืžืŸ ืœื”ืฉืœื™ื ืขื ื”ื”ื—ืœื˜ื•ืช ืฉืœื™.
04:48
And I really have to thank the people
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ื•ืื ื™ ื‘ืืžืช ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช ืœื”ื•ื“ื•ืช ืœืื ืฉื™ื
04:51
running the Hispanic Scholarship Fund, or HSF,
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ืฉืžื ื”ืœื™ื ืืช ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžืœื’ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืกืคื ื™ื•ืช, ืงื”ืดื”,
04:54
for validating this process early on.
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ืฉื ืชื ื• ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืชื”ืœื™ืš ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ืžื•ืงื“ื.
04:57
And the way that HSF --
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ื•ื”ืื•ืคืŸ ืฉื‘ื• ืงืจืŸ ื”ืžืœื’ื•ืช ื”ื”ื™ืกืคื ื™ื•ืช
04:59
an organization that strives to help students achieve higher education
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ืืจื’ื•ืŸ ืฉืขื•ื–ืจ ืœืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื”ืฉื›ืœื” ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”
05:02
through mentorship and scholarships --
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ื“ืจืš ื—ื•ื ื›ื•ืช ื•ืžืœื’ื•ืช --
05:05
the way that they helped calm my anxiety,
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ื”ื“ืจืš ืฉื‘ื” ื”ื ืขื–ืจื• ืœื”ืจื’ื™ืข ืืช ื”ื—ืจื“ื” ืฉืœื™,
05:07
it was by telling me something super familiar.
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœืกืคืจ ืœื™ ืกื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ื›ืจ.
05:10
Something that you all probably have heard before
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ืžืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ื•ืœื›ื ื‘ื˜ื— ืฉืžืขืชื ื‘ืขื‘ืจ.
05:12
in the first few minutes after boarding a flight.
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ื‘ื“ืงื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ ืขืœื™ื™ื” ืœื˜ื™ืกื”.
05:16
In case of an emergency,
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ื‘ืฉืขืช ื—ื™ืจื•ื,
05:18
put your oxygen mask on first before helping those around you.
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ืฉื™ืžื• ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ ืืช ืžืกื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ืžืฆืŸ, ืœืคื ื™ ืฉืชืขื–ืจื• ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื.
05:22
Now I understand that this means different things to different people.
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ืื ื™ ืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื–ื” ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื” ืœืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื•ื ื™ื.
05:25
But for me, it meant that immigrants couldn't
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ืื‘ืœ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื™ ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื”ื™ื ืฉืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ืœื ื™ื›ืœื•
05:28
and would never be able to fit into any one narrative,
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ื•ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฉืชืœื‘ ืœืชื•ืš ื ืจื˜ื™ื‘ ืื—ื“,
05:31
because most of us are actually just traveling along a spectrum,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื›ื•ืœื ื• ื ืขื™ื ื‘ืชื•ืš ืกืคืงื˜ืจื•ื,
05:34
trying to survive.
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ืžื ืกื™ื ืœืฉืจื•ื“.
05:35
And although there may be people that are further along in life
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ื•ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื™ืฉ ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื
05:38
with their oxygen mask on and secured in place,
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ื•ืžืกื™ื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ืžืฆืŸ ืฉืœื”ื ื›ื‘ืจ ื ืžืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ืžืŸ,
05:41
there are undoubtedly going to be others
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ืœืœื ืกืคืง ื™ื”ื™ื• ืื—ืจื™ื
05:43
that are still struggling to put theirs on
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ืฉืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืื‘ืงื™ื ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืฉืœื”ื
05:45
before they can even think about helping those around them.
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ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื”ื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื.
05:48
Now, this lesson really hit home for me,
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืžืฉ ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืœื™ ืืช ื”ื‘ื™ืช,
05:50
because my parents,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื™,
05:53
while they wanted us to be able to take advantage of opportunities
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ืจืฆื• ืฉื ื•ื›ืœ ืœื ืฆืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
05:56
in a way that we wouldn't have been able to do so anywhere else --
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ืœื ื™ื›ืœื ื• ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ืฉื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืื—ืจ --
05:59
I mean, we were in America,
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ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื• ื‘ืืžืจื™ืงื”.
06:01
and so as a child, this made me have these crazy, ambitious
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ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื›ื™ืœื“ื”, ื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœื›ืš ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื™ ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช
06:06
and elaborate dreams for what my future could look like.
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ื•ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ื™ื, ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืื™ืš ืฉื”ืขืชื™ื“ ืฉืœื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื™ืจืื•ืช.
06:10
But the ways in which the world sees immigrants,
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื”ืขื•ืœื ืจื•ืื” ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื,
06:13
it affects more than just the narratives in which they live.
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ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืื•ืคืŸ ื‘ื• ืื™ืš ื”ื ื—ื™ื™ื.
06:16
It also impacts the ways laws and systems can affect communities,
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ื”ืŸ ื’ื ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ื”ืŸ ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื”ืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืงื”ื™ืœื•ืช,
06:20
families and individuals.
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ืžืฉืคื—ื•ืช ื•ื™ื—ื™ื“ื™ื.
06:22
I know this firsthand,
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ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืžืžืงื•ืจ ืจืืฉื•ืŸ,
06:24
because these laws and systems, well, they broke up my family,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื•ืชื ื—ื•ืงื™ื ื•ืžืขืจื›ื•ืช, ืฉื‘ืจื• ืืช ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™,
06:28
and they led my parents to return to Mexico.
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ื•ื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœื• ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืžืงืกื™ืงื•.
06:31
And at 15,
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ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืœ 15,
06:33
my eight-year-old brother and I,
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ืื—ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื”8 ื•ืื ื™,
06:34
we found ourselves alone and without the guidance
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ืžืฆืื ื• ืืช ืขืฆืžื ื• ืœื‘ื“ ื•ื‘ืœื™ ื”ื”ื“ืจื›ื”,
06:37
that our parents had always provided us with.
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ืฉื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื ื• ืชืžื™ื“ ืกื™ืคืงื• ืœื ื•.
06:41
Despite being American citizens,
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ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉืื ื—ื ื• ืื–ืจื—ื™ื ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ื™ื,
06:43
we both felt defeated
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ืฉื ื™ื ื• ื”ืจื’ืฉื• ืžื•ื‘ืกื™ื
06:45
by what we had always known to be the land of opportunity.
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ืžืžื™ ืฉืชืžื™ื“ ื—ืฉื‘ื ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืืจืฅ ื”ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช.
06:49
Now, in the weeks that followed my parents' return to Mexico,
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ื‘ืฉื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืื—ืจื™ ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ื—ื–ืจื• ืœืžืงืกื™ืงื•,
06:53
when it became clear that they wouldn't be able to come back,
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ื›ืฉื”ืชื‘ืจืจ ืฉื”ื ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ืœืืจืฆื•ืช ื”ื‘ืจื™ืช,
06:57
I had to watch as my eight-year-old brother
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ืื ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืื—ื™ ื‘ืŸ ื”8
06:59
was pulled out of school to be with his family.
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ืฉื”ื•ืฆื ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื•.
07:02
And during this same time,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืชืงื•ืคื”,
07:04
I wondered if going back
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ืชื”ื™ืชื™ ืื ืœื—ื–ื•ืจ ื—ื–ืจื”
07:07
would be validating my parents' sacrifices.
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ื™ืชืŸ ืื™ืฉื•ืจ ืœืงื•ืจื‘ืŸ ืฉืœ ื”ื•ืจื™ื™.
07:10
And so I somehow convinced my parents to let me stay,
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ืื– ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืฉื›ื ืขืชื™ ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ืœืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ ืœื”ื™ืฉืืจ,
07:15
without being able to guarantee them that I'd find somewhere to live
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ืžื‘ืœื™ ืœื”ืชื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื ืฉืื•ื›ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืžืงื•ื ืœื’ื•ืจ
07:19
or that I'd be OK.
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ืื• ืฉืื ื™ ืื”ื™ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ.
07:21
But to this day, I will never forget how hard it was
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ืื‘ืœ ืขื“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ื–ื”, ืื ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ื›ืžื” ืงืฉื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”
07:24
having to say goodbye.
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ื”ืฆื•ืจืš ืœื”ื’ื™ื“ ืœื”ืชืจืื•ืช.
07:26
And I will never forget how hard it was
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ื•ืื ื™ ืœืขื•ืœื ืœื ืืฉื›ื— ื›ืžื” ืงืฉื” ื–ื” ื”ื™ื”
07:28
watching my little brother crumble in their arms
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ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ืื—ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืžืชืคื•ืจืจ ื‘ื–ืจื•ืขื•ืชื™ื”ื
07:31
as I waved goodbye from the other side of steel grates.
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืคืคืช ืœืฉืœื•ื, ืžื”ืฆื“ ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ืฉืขืจื™ ื”ืคืœื“ื”.
07:36
Now, it would be naive to credit grit
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ืขื›ืฉื™ื•, ื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืชืžื™ื ืœืจืื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืžืฅ
07:38
as the sole reason for why I've been able to take advantage
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ื›ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื ืฆืœ
07:41
of so many opportunities since that day.
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ื›ืœ ื›ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช ืžืื– ืื•ืชื• ื™ื•ื.
07:44
I mean, I was really lucky, and I want you to know that.
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ืื ื™ ืžืชื›ื•ื•ื ืช, ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ืœ, ื•ืื ื™ ืจื•ืฆื” ืฉืืชื ืชื“ืขื• ื–ืืช.
07:47
Because statistically speaking,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืกื˜ื˜ื™ืกื˜ื™ืช,
07:49
students that are homeless or that have unstable living conditions,
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ืกื˜ื•ื“ื ื˜ื™ื ืฉื”ื ืžื—ื•ืกืจื™ ื‘ื™ืช, ืื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœื”ื ืชื ืื™ ืžื—ื™ื™ื” ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื™ื,
07:52
well, they rarely complete high school.
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ืจืง ืœืขื™ืชื™ื ืจื—ื•ืงื•ืช ืžืกื™ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ื™ืช ืกืคืจ ืชื™ื›ื•ืŸ.
07:54
But I do think
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื—ื•ืฉื‘ืช
07:56
that it was because my parents had the trust in letting me go
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ืฉื‘ื–ื›ื•ืช ื–ื” ืฉืœื”ื•ืจื™ื ืฉืœื™ ื”ื™ื” ืืช ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ืœืชืช ืœื™ ืœืœื›ืช
07:59
that I somehow found the courage and strength
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ืื™ื›ืฉื”ื• ืžืฆืืชื™ ืืช ื”ืื•ืžืฅ ื•ื”ื›ื•ื—
08:01
to take on opportunities
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ืœื ืฆืœ ื”ื–ื“ืžื ื•ื™ื•ืช
08:02
even when I felt unsure or unqualified.
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ื’ื ื›ืฉื”ืจื’ืฉืชื™ ื—ื•ืกืจ ื‘ื™ื˜ื—ื•ืŸ ืื• ื—ื•ืกืจ ื”ืชืืžื”.
08:08
Now, there's no denying that there is a cost
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ืื ื™ ืœื ืžื›ื—ื™ืฉื” ืฉื™ืฉ ืžื—ื™ืจ
08:11
to living the American dream.
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ืœืœื—ื™ื•ืช ืืช ื”ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™.
08:14
You do not have to be
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ืืชื ืœื ื—ื™ื™ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช
08:16
an immigrant or the child of immigrants to know that.
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ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื, ืื• ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉืœ ืžื”ื’ืจื™ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœื“ืขืช ื–ืืช.
08:19
But I do know that now, today,
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื›ืŸ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื›ื™ื•ื,
08:21
I am living something close to what my parents saw
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ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื™ื” ืžืฉื”ื• ื“ื•ืžื” ืœืžื” ืฉื”ื•ืจื™ื™ ืจืื•
08:24
as their American dream.
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ื›ื—ืœื•ื ื”ืืžืจื™ืงืื™ ืฉืœื”ื.
08:25
Because as soon as I graduated from college,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืžื™ื“ ื‘ืกื™ื•ื ืœื™ืžื•ื“ื™ ื‘ืงื•ืœื’ืณ,
08:28
I flew my younger brother to the United States to live with me,
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ื”ื˜ืกืชื™ ืืช ืื—ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ ืœืืžืจื™ืงื”, ืœื’ื•ืจ ืื™ืชื™,
08:31
so that he, too, could pursue his education.
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ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื’ื ื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื›ืœ ืœืจื›ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื›ืœื”.
08:35
Still, I knew that it would be hard flying my little brother back.
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ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื” ืœื”ื˜ื™ืก ืืช ืื—ื™ ื‘ื—ื–ืจื”.
08:39
I knew that it would be hard
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ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื–ื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืงืฉื”
08:40
having to balance the demands and professionalism
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ืœืื–ืŸ ืืช ื”ื“ืจื™ืฉื•ืช ื•ื”ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช
08:43
required of an entry-level job
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ืฉื ื“ืจืฉื• ืžืžืฉืจื” ื”ืชื—ืœืชื™ืช
08:46
while being responsible for a child with dreams and ambitions of his own.
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ื™ ืื—ืจืื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ ืขื ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืฉืื™ืคื•ืช ืžืฉืœ ืขืฆืžื•.
08:51
But you can imagine how fun it is to be 24 years old,
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ืื‘ืœ ืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœื“ืžื™ื™ืŸ ื›ืžื” ื›ื™ื™ืฃ ื–ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืช 24,
08:56
at the peak of my youth, living in New York,
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ื‘ืฉื™ื ื ืขื•ืจื™ื™, ื—ื™ื” ื‘ื ื™ื• ื™ื•ืจืง,
08:58
with an angsty teenage roommate who hates doing the dishes.
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ืขื ืฉื•ืชืฃ ื—ืจื“, ื‘ืŸ ืขืฉืจื”, ืฉืฉื•ื ื ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื›ืœื™ื.
09:01
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:02
The worst.
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ื”ื›ื™ ื’ืจื•ืข ืฉื™ืฉ.
09:03
(Laughter)
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(ืฆื—ื•ืง)
09:05
But when I see my brother learning how to advocate for himself,
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ืื‘ืœ ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ืืช ืื—ื™ ืœื•ืžื“ ืœื”ื’ืŸ ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื•,
09:09
and when I see him get excited about his classes and school,
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ื•ื›ืฉืจืื™ืชื™ ื›ืžื” ื”ื•ื ื”ืชืจื’ืฉ ืœื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ื ื‘ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืกืคืจ,
09:12
I do not doubt anything.
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ืœื ืคื™ืงืคืงืชื™ ื‘ืฉื•ื ื“ื‘ืจ.
09:14
Because I know that this bizarre,
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ื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืฉื”ื—ื™ื™ื,
09:16
beautiful and privileged life that I now live
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ื”ื™ืคื™ื, ืžื•ื–ืจื™ื ื•ืžืจื•ื‘ื™ ื–ื›ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉื›ื™ื•ื ืื ื™ ื—ื™ื”
09:18
is the true reason for why I decided to pursue a career
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ื–ื• ื”ืกื™ื‘ื” ื”ืืžื™ืชื™ืช ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ื—ืœื˜ืชื™ ืœืจื“ื•ืฃ ืื—ืจื™ ืงืจื™ื™ืจื”
09:22
that would help me and my family find financial stability.
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ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื™ ื•ืœืžืฉืคื—ืชื™ ืœืžืฆื•ื ื™ืฆื™ื‘ื•ืช ืคื™ื ื ืกื™ืช.
09:26
I did not know it back then,
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ืœื ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ืืช ื–ื” ืื–,
09:28
but during those eight years that I lived without my family,
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ืื‘ืœ ื‘ืžื”ืœืš 8 ื”ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืืœื• ืฉื—ื™ื™ืชื™ ื‘ืœื™ ืžืฉืคื—ืชื™,
09:32
I had my oxygen mask on and I focused on survival.
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ืขื˜ื™ืชื™ ืืช ืžืกื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ืžืฆืŸ ื•ื”ืชืžืงื“ืชื™ ื‘ื”ื™ืฉืจื“ื•ืช.
09:35
And during those same eight years,
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ื•ื‘ืื•ืชืŸ 8 ืฉื ื™ื,
09:37
I had to watch helplessly the pain and hurt
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื™ ืฆืจื™ื›ื” ืœืฆืคื•ืช ื‘ื—ื•ืกืจ ืื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื›ืื‘
09:39
that it caused my family to be apart.
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ืฉื–ื” ื’ืจื ืœืžืฉืคื—ื” ืฉืœื™ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ืคืจื“.
09:42
What airlines don't tell you is that putting your oxygen mask on first
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ืžื” ืฉื—ื‘ืจื•ืช ืชืขื•ืคื” ืœื ืžืกืคืจื•ืช ืœื›ื, ื–ื” ืฉื›ืฉืฉืžื™ื ืืช ืžืกื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ืžืฆืŸ ืฉืœื›ื ืงื•ื“ื ื›ืœ
09:47
while seeing those around you struggle --
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ื‘ืขื•ื“ื›ื ืจื•ืื™ื ืืช ืžื™ ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื ื ืื‘ืงื™ื --
09:49
it takes a lot of courage.
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ื–ื” ืžืฆืจื™ืš ื”ืจื‘ื” ืื•ืžืฅ.
09:51
But being able to have that self-control
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ืื‘ืœ ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืฉืœื™ื˜ื” ืขืฆืžื™ืช
09:53
is sometimes the only way that we are able to help those around us.
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ื”ื™ื ืœืคืขืžื™ื ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ื™ื—ื™ื“ื” ืฉื‘ื” ืื ื—ื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืžื™ ืฉืกื•ื‘ื‘ ืื•ืชื ื•.
09:58
Now I'm super lucky to be in a place where I can be there for my little brother
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ืื ื™ ื‘ืจืช ืžื–ืœ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ืฉื‘ื• ื™ื›ืœืชื™ ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืื—ื™ ื”ืงื˜ืŸ
10:03
so that he feels confident and prepared
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ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืจื’ื™ืฉ ื‘ื˜ื•ื— ื•ืžื•ื›ืŸ
10:05
to take on whatever he chooses to do next.
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ืœืงื—ืช ืขืœ ืขืฆืžื• ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื‘ื—ืจ ืœืขืฉื•ืช ื‘ื”ืžืฉืš.
10:09
But I also know
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ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื™ื“ืขืชื™
10:12
that because I am in this position of privilege,
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ืฉื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉืื ื™ ื ืžืฆืืช ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืฉืœ ื–ื›ื•ืช ื™ืชืจ,
10:15
I also have the responsibility
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ื”ื™ื™ืชื” ืœื™ ื’ื ื”ืื—ืจื™ื•ืช
10:16
to make sure that my community finds spaces where they can find guidance,
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ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืงื”ื™ืœื” ืฉืœื™ ืžื•ืฆืืช ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืฉื‘ื”ื ื™ืฉ ื”ื“ืจื›ื”,
10:21
access and support.
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ื’ื™ืฉื” ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื”.
10:25
I can't claim to know where each and every one of you are
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ืื ื™ ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื˜ืขื•ืŸ ืœื“ืขืช, ืื™ืคื” ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ื•ืื—ืช
10:27
on your journey through life,
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ื‘ื“ืจื›ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื,
10:30
but I do know that our world is one
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ืื‘ืœ ืื ื™ ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ืฉื”ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ื• ื”ื•ื ื›ื–ื”
10:32
that flourishes when different voices come together.
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ืฉืคื•ืจื— ื›ืฉืงื•ืœื•ืช ืฉื•ื ื™ื ื ืฉืžืขื™ื ื‘ื™ื—ื“.
10:35
My hope is that you will find the courage
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ืชืงื•ื•ืชื™ ื”ื™ื ืฉืชืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ืื•ืžืฅ
10:38
to put your oxygen mask on when you need to,
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ืœืฉื™ื ืืช ืžืกื™ื›ืช ื”ื—ืžืฆืŸ ื›ืฉืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื,
10:41
and that you will find the strength
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ื•ืฉืชืžืฆืื• ืืช ื”ื›ื—
10:43
to help those around you when you can.
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ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืืœื• ืฉืžืกื‘ื™ื‘ื›ื ื›ืฉืืชื ื™ื›ื•ืœื™ื.
10:46
Thank you.
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ืชื•ื“ื” ืœื›ื.
10:47
(Applause)
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(ืžื—ื™ืื•ืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื)
ืขืœ ืืชืจ ื–ื”

ืืชืจ ื–ื” ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื‘ืคื ื™ื›ื ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ YouTube ื”ืžื•ืขื™ืœื™ื ืœืœื™ืžื•ื“ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช. ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืจืื•ืช ืฉื™ืขื•ืจื™ ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืขื‘ืจื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ืžื•ืจื™ื ืžื”ืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ืžืจื—ื‘ื™ ื”ืขื•ืœื. ืœื—ืฅ ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืื ื’ืœื™ืช ื”ืžื•ืฆื’ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ื“ืฃ ื•ื™ื“ืื• ื›ื“ื™ ืœื”ืคืขื™ืœ ืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืฉื. ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื•ืœืœื•ืช ื‘ืกื ื›ืจื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืคืขืœืช ื”ื•ื•ื™ื“ืื•. ืื ื™ืฉ ืœืš ื”ืขืจื•ืช ืื• ื‘ืงืฉื•ืช, ืื ื ืฆื•ืจ ืื™ืชื ื• ืงืฉืจ ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื•ืคืก ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ ื–ื”.

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