Confessions of a recovering micromanager | Chieh Huang

188,949 views ใƒป 2018-12-21

TED


ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุฃุฏู†ุงู‡ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ.

ุงู„ู…ุชุฑุฌู…: mohamed khaled ุงู„ู…ุฏู‚ู‘ู‚: Nada Qanbar
00:12
What I'm really here to do today is talk to you about micromanagement
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ู…ุง ุณุฃูุนู„ู‡ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุชุญุฏุซ ู…ุนูƒู… ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ
00:15
and what I learned about micromanagement
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ูˆู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ุชู‡ ุญูˆู„ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ
00:17
by being a micromanager over the last few years of my life.
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ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ูƒูˆู†ูŠ ู…ุฏูŠุฑ ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุณู†ูˆุงุช ุงู„ู‚ู„ูŠู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ู…ู† ุญูŠุงุชูŠ.
00:21
But first off, what is micromanagement?
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ู„ูƒู† ุฃูˆู„ู‹ุงุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉุŸ
00:23
How do we really define it?
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ูƒูŠู ู†ุนุฑู‘ูู‡ุง ุญู‚ู‹ุงุŸ
00:25
Well, I posit that it's actually taking great, wonderful, imaginative people --
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุฃู†ุง ุงุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฃุฎุฐ ุฃูู†ุงุณ ุนุธู…ุงุกุŒ ุฑุงุฆุนูŠู† ูˆู…ุจุฏุนูŠู†
00:30
like all of you --
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ู…ุซู„ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†ูƒู… --
00:31
bringing them in into an organization
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ูˆุฌู„ุจู‡ู… ุฅู„ู‰ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ
00:33
and then crushing their souls --
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ุซู… ุณุญู‚ ุฃุฑูˆุงุญู‡ู…--
00:34
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
00:36
by telling them what font size to use.
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ุจุฅุฎุจุงุฑู‡ู… ุจุญุฌู… ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡.
00:37
In the history of mankind,
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ููŠ ุชุงุฑูŠุฎ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉุŒ
00:39
has anyone ever said this?
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ู‡ู„ ู‚ุงู„ ุฃุญุฏูู‡ู… ู‡ุฐุงุŸ
00:41
"John, we were never going to close that deal with Times New Roman,
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"ุฌูˆู†ุŒ ู†ุญู† ู„ู† ู†ุบู„ู‚ ุฃุจุฏู‹ุง ุงู„ุชุนุงู…ู„ ู…ุน ุชุงูŠู…ุฒ ู†ูŠูˆ ุฑูˆู…ุงู† (ู†ูˆุน ุฎุท)ุŒ
00:45
but because you insisted on Helvetica --
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุจุณุจุจ ุฅุตุฑุงุฑูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ู„ูุชูŠูƒุง (ู†ูˆุน ุฎุท).
00:48
bam!
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ุจุงู…!
00:50
Dotted line --
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ุฎุท ู…ู†ู‚ุท --
00:51
millions of dollars started to flow.
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ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงุช ุจุฏุฃุช ููŠ ุงู„ุชุฏูู‚.
00:53
That was the missing piece!"
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ูƒุงู†ุช ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู‚ุทุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ูู‚ูˆุฏุฉ!"
00:54
No one's ever said that, right?
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ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุฃุญุฏ ู‚ุงู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŸ
00:56
There's actually physical manifestations that we probably see in ourselves
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ู…ุธุงู‡ุฑ ู…ุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‚ุฏ ู†ุฑุงู‡ุง ููŠ ุฃู†ูุณู†ุง
00:59
by being micromanaged.
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ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตุบุฑุฉ.
01:00
Think about the most tired you've ever been in your life, right?
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ููƒุฑ ููŠ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ูˆู‚ุช ูƒู†ุช ู…ุชุนุจ ููŠ ุญูŠุงุชูƒุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŸ
01:03
It probably wasn't when you stayed the latest at work,
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ู‚ุฏ ู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุจู‚ูŠุช ู„ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุชุฃุฎุฑ ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูƒุŒ
01:06
or it wasn't when you came home from a road trip,
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ุฃูˆ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุนุฏุช ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„ ู…ู† ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุŒ
01:09
it was probably when you had someone looking over your shoulder,
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ุบุงู„ุจู‹ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูƒู†ุช ุชููƒุฑ ููŠ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ูˆู‚ูˆุน ุดูŠุก ุณูŠุฆุŒ
01:12
watching your each and every move.
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ู…ุฑุงู‚ุจุฉ ูƒู„ ุชุญุฑูƒุงุชูƒ.
01:16
Kind of like my mother-in-law when she's over right?
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ู…ุซู„ ุฃู… ุฒูˆุฌุชูŠ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุญูˆู„ูŠุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŸ
01:18
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
01:19
I'm like, "I got this," you know?
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ุฃู†ุง ู…ุซู„ ุŒ"ูู‡ู…ุช"ุŒ ุฃุชุนู„ู…ุŸ
01:21
And so there's actually data to support this.
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ูˆู‡ู†ุงูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช ุชุฏุนู… ู‡ุฐุง.
01:23
There was a recent study in the UK.
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ูƒุงู†ุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุญุฏูŠุซุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ูƒุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุญุฏุฉ.
01:25
They took 100 hospital employees,
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ุฏุฑุณูˆุง 100 ู…ูˆุธู ููŠ ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ุŒ
01:27
put an activity tracker on them
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ูˆูˆุถุนูˆุง ู…ุชุนู‚ุจ ู„ู„ู†ุดุงุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ู…
01:29
and then let them go about their next 12-hour shift all alone,
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ุซู… ุจุฏุฃูˆุง ุฏูˆุงู…ู‡ู… ูˆุญูŠุฏูŠู† ู„ู…ุฏุฉ 12 ุณุงุนุฉุŒ
01:33
just a regular 12-hour shift.
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ูู‚ุท ุฏูˆุงู… ู…ุนุชุงุฏ ู„ู…ุฏุฉ 12 ุณุงุนุฉ.
01:35
At the end of the shift, they asked them, "Do you feel fatigued?"
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ูˆููŠ ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู… ุณุฃู„ูˆู‡ู…ุŒ "ู‡ู„ ุชุดุนุฑูˆู† ุจุงู„ุชุนุจุŸ"
01:38
And what they found was actually really interesting.
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ู…ุง ูˆุฌุฏูˆู‡ ูƒุงู† ุญู‚ู‹ุง ู…ุซูŠุฑู‹ุง ู„ู„ุฅู‡ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ
01:41
It wasn't necessarily the people who moved the most
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ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุจุงู„ุถุฑูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ุชุญุฑูƒูˆุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ
01:43
that felt the most fatigued,
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ุดุนุฑูˆุง ุจุงู„ุชุนุจ ุฃูƒุซุฑุŒ
01:44
but it was the folks that didn't have control over their jobs.
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ู„ูƒู† ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ู„ูŠุณ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุธุงุฆูู‡ู….
01:49
So if we know that micromanagement isn't really effective,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ูุนุงู„ุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุงุŒ
01:52
why do we do it?
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ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ู†ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
01:54
Is it that the definition is wrong?
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ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุฎุงุทุฆุŸ
01:56
I posited that micromanagement
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ุฃู†ุง ุงูุชุฑุถุช ุฃู† ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ
01:58
is just bringing in great, wonderful, imaginative people
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ู‡ูŠ ูู‚ุท ุฌู„ุจ ุฃูู†ุงุณ ุนุธู…ุงุกุŒ ุฑุงุฆุนูŠู† ูˆู…ุจุฏุนูŠู†
02:01
and then crushing their souls,
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ุซู… ุณุญู‚ ุฃุฑูˆุงุญู‡ู…ุŒ
02:02
so is it that we actually want to hire --
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ูุนู„ู‹ุง ู…ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุชูˆุธูŠูู‡ุŸ
02:04
deep down inside of us --
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ููŠ ุฃุนู…ุงู‚ู†ุง--
02:06
dull and unimaginative people?
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ู†ุงุณ ู…ู…ู„ุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑู ู…ุจุฏุนุฉุŸ
02:09
It's one of those questions you probably don't even need to ask.
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฑุจู…ุง ู„ุง ุชุญุชุงุฌ ุญุชู‰ ุฃู† ุชุณุฃู„ู‡ุง.
02:12
It's like, "Do you want to get your luggage stolen at the airport?"
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ุŒ"ู‡ู„ ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุชูุณุฑู‚ ุฃู…ุชุนุชูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุทุงุฑุŸ"
02:15
Probably not, but I've never been asked, right?
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ุฑุจู…ุง ู„ุงุŒ ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ู„ู… ุฃุณูุฃู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุจุฏู‹ุงุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
02:17
So has anyone asked you, as a manager,
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ูู‡ู„ ุณุฃู„ูƒ ุฃุญุฏู‡ู…ุŒ ูƒู…ุฏูŠุฑุŒ
02:20
"Do you want to hire dull and unimaginative people?"
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"ู‡ู„ ุชุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุชูˆุธูŠู ู†ุงุณ ู…ู…ู„ุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุจุฏุนุฉุŸ"
02:22
So, I don't know, this is TED, we better back it up with data.
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ุฅุฐู‹ุงุŒ ู„ุง ุฃุนู„ู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง TEDุŒ ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ุฃู† ุชุฏุนู…ู‡ุง ุจุงู„ุจูŠุงู†ุงุช.
02:25
We actually asked hundreds of people around the country --
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุณุฃู„ู†ุง ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุงู„ู…ุฆุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ--
02:28
hundreds of managers across the country --
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ุงู„ู…ุฆุงุช ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠุฑูŠู† ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ --
02:30
do you want to hire dull and unimaginative people?
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"ู‡ู„ ุชุฑุบุจ ููŠ ุชูˆุธูŠู ู†ุงุณ ู…ู…ู„ุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุจุฏุนุฉุŸ"
02:34
Alright, it's an interesting question.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู….
02:35
Well, interesting results as well.
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ูƒุฐู„ูƒ.
02:37
So, 94% said no --
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94 ุจุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ุฃุฌุงุจูˆุง ุจ ู„ุง--
02:38
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
02:40
we don't want to hire dull and unimaginative people.
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ู†ุญู† ู„ุง ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุชูˆุธูŠู ู†ุงุณ ู…ู…ู„ุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ู…ุจุฏุนุฉ.
02:43
Six percent probably didn't understand the question --
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ุณุชุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ุงุฆุฉ ู‚ุฏ ู„ุง ูŠูƒูˆู†ูˆุง ูู‡ู…ูˆุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„--
02:45
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
02:47
but, bless their hearts,
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ูˆู„ูƒู†ุŒ ุจูˆุฑูƒุช ู‚ู„ูˆุจู‡ู…ุŒ
02:48
maybe they do just want to hire dull and unimaginative people.
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ุฑุจู…ุง ูู‚ุท ูŠุฑูŠุฏูˆู† ุชูˆุธูŠู ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ู…ู…ู„ุฉ ูˆุบูŠุฑ ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุนุฉ.
02:51
But 94 percent said they did not, and so why do we do this still then?
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ู„ูƒู† 94% ุฃุฌุงุจูˆุง ุจ ู„ุงุŒ ุฅุฐู‹ุง ู„ู…ู‘ ู†ุณุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ูุนู„ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
02:55
Well, I posit that it's something really, really simple
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ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ุฃูุชุชุฑุถ ุฃู†ู‡ ุดูŠุก ุจุณูŠุท ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง
02:57
that all of us deep down inside know and have actually felt.
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ูƒู„ู†ุง ููŠ ุฃุนู…ุงู‚ู†ุง ู†ุนุฑูุŒ ูˆุญู‚ู‹ุง ู‚ุฏ ุดุนุฑู†ุง.
03:01
So when we get hired into an organization --
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูŠุชู… ุชูˆุธูŠูู†ุง ููŠ ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ--
03:03
it could be a club, it could be a law firm,
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ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุงุฏูŠุŒ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ุดุฑูƒุฉ ู…ุญุงู…ุงุฉุŒ
03:05
it could be a school organization, it could be anything --
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ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู†ุธูˆู…ุฉ ุชุนู„ูŠู…ูŠุฉุŒ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูŠ ุดูŠ--
03:09
no one ever jumps to the top of the totem pole, right?
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ู„ุง ุฃุญุฏ ูŠู‚ูุฒู ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุนู…ูˆุฏ ุงู„ุทูˆุทู…ุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŸ
03:12
You start at the very bottom.
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ุชุจุฏุฃ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ุงุน.
03:13
Doing what?
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ุชูุนู„ ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ
03:15
Doing work.
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ุชุนู…ู„.
03:16
You actually do the work, right?
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ุฃู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
03:18
And if you're really good at doing the work,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุชูŽ ุฌูŠุฏู‹ุง ุญู‚ู‹ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุนู…ู„ูƒุŒ
03:20
what do you get rewarded with?
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ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุงุฐุง ุณุชุญุตู„ ูƒู…ูƒุงูุฃุฉุŸ
03:22
More work, right?
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ู…ุฒูŠุฏ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
03:23
Yeah, that's right, you guys are all great micromanagers.
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ู†ุนู…ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุตุญูŠุญุŒ ุฃู†ุชู… ุฌู…ูŠุนู‹ุง ุฑุงุฆุนูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุตุบุฑุฉ.
03:26
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
03:27
You do more work,
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ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุนู…ู„ ุฃูƒุซุฑุŒ
03:28
and then pretty soon, if you're really good at it,
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ูˆููŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู‚ุตูŠุฑ ุฌุฏู‹ุงุŒ ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุจุงุฑุนู‹ุง ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูƒุŒ
03:31
you do a little bit of work still,
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ุณุชุธู„ ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุจุนุถ ุงู„ุนู…ู„.
03:33
but actually, you start to manage people doing the work.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ููŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃู†ุช ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุฏูŠุฑ ู†ุงุณ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„ุŒ
03:35
And if you're really good at that, what happens after that?
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุจุงุฑุนู‹ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐุงุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ุณูŠุญุตู„ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŸ
03:38
You start managing the people who manage the people doing the work,
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ุชุจุฏุฃ ููŠ ุฅุฏุงุฑุงุฉ ู†ุงุณ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ู†ุงุณ ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„
03:43
and it's at that point in time,
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ูˆููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ
03:45
you start to lose control over the output of your job.
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ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชูู‚ุฏ ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูุฎูŽุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุนู…ู„ูƒ
03:49
I've actually witnessed this firsthand.
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุดู‡ุฏุชู ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุจุดูƒู„ ู…ุจุงุดุฑ.
03:51
So, I started a company called Boxed in our garage,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู†ุดุฃุชู ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Boxed ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุขุจุŒ
03:53
and this was it -- I know it doesn't seem like much --
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ูˆูƒุงู† ู‡ุฐุง -ุฃุนู„ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุจุฏูˆ ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง -
03:56
you know, there's a pressure washer in the back --
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ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุบุณุงู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ุถุบุท ููŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ู --
03:59
this is "living the dream."
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ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ "ุนูŠุด ุงู„ุญู„ู…".
04:01
And my wife was really proud of me when we started this,
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ูˆูƒุงู†ุช ุฒูˆุฌุชูŠ ูุฎูˆุฑุฉ ุจูŠ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู‡ุฐุงุŒ
04:04
or that's what she said, she was really proud of me --
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ุฃูˆ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ู‚ุงู„ุชู‡ุŒ ูƒุงู†ุช ุญู‚ู‹ุง ูุฎูˆุฑุฉ ุจูŠ --
04:06
and so she would give me a hug, and I'm pretty sure she had her phone up
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ูˆุนุงู†ู‚ุชู†ูŠ ูˆุฃู†ุง ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏ ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุฑูุนุช ู‡ุงุชูู‡ุงุŒ
04:10
and she was thinking, "Oh, is John from Harvard still single?"
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ูˆู‡ูŠ ุชููƒุฑ "ุฃูˆู‡ุŒ ู‡ู„ ุฌูˆู† ู…ู† ู‡ุงุฑูุงุฑุฏ ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ุฃุนุฒุจุŸ"
04:13
It was kind of like a lemonade stand gone wrong in the beginning,
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ูƒุงู† ู…ุซู„ ู…ู†ุตุฉ ู„ุจูŠุน ุนุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠู…ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุฐุงู‡ุจุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ุฎุงุทุฆ ููŠ ุงู„ุจุฏุงูŠุฉุŒ
04:16
but we actually went up and said mobile commerce is going to be big,
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู†ุฌุญู†ุง ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุชุฌุงุฑุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ุญู…ูˆู„ ุณุชูƒูˆู† ุถุฎู…ุฉุŒ
04:19
and actually consumer packaged goods were going to change over time,
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ูˆุจุงู„ูุนู„ ู…ุณุชู‡ู„ูƒูˆู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุฌุงุช ุงู„ู…ุนุจุฃุฉ ุชุบูŠุฑูˆุง ุจู…ุฑูˆุฑ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ
04:22
so let's take these big, bulky packs that you don't want to lug home --
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ู„ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุญุฒู… ุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุถุฎู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู„ุง ุชุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ุชุฑุฌุน ุจู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุฒู„ -
04:26
so not the two-pack of Oreo cookies but the 24-pack
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ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุชูŠู† ู…ู† ุจุณูƒูˆูŠุช ุงูˆุฑูŠูˆุŒ ูˆู„ูƒู† 24 ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ
04:28
and not the 24-pack of toilet paper but the 48-pack --
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ู„ูŠุณุช ุฑุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€24 ู…ู† ูˆุฑู‚ ุงู„ุญู…ุงู…ุŒ ูˆุฅู†ู…ุง ุฑุฒู…ุฉ ุงู„ู€48
04:31
and let's ship it to you much like a warehouse club would do
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ูˆุฏุนู†ุง ู†ุดุญู†ู‡ุง ู„ูƒ ู…ุซู„ ู…ุง ูŠูุนู„ู‡ ู†ุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ู…ุณุชูˆุฏุนุงุช.
04:34
except they wouldn't ship it to you.
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ุฅู„ุง ุฃู†ู‡ู… ู„ู† ูŠุดุญู†ูˆู‡ุง ู„ูƒุŒ
04:36
So that's what we basically did.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ูุนู„ู†ุงู‡ู ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ.
04:37
We had a really slow printer
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ูƒุงู†ุช ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุทุงุจุนุฉ ุจุทูŠุฆุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
04:39
and what we did was actually say, "OK, this printer is taking forever, man.
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ูˆู…ุง ูุนู„ู†ุงู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู‚ูˆู„ "ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุงุจุนุฉ ุชุฃุฎุฐ ูˆู‚ุชู‹ุง ุทูˆูŠู„ู‹ุงุŒ ูŠุง ุฑุฌู„.
04:43
Let's scribble something that would delight the customer
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุฎุฑุจุด ุดูŠุก ู„ู†ุฌุนู„ ุงู„ุนู…ูŠู„ ุณุนูŠุฏู‹ุง
04:45
on the back of these invoices."
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ููŠ ุฎู„ู ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููˆุงุชูŠุฑ.
04:47
So we'd say, "Hey, keep smiling," you know?
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ูู‚ู„ู†ุงุŒ" ู‡ุงูŠ ุงุจุชุณู…" ุฃุชุนู„ู…ุŸ
04:49
"Hey, you're awesome,"
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"ู‡ุงูŠุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุฑุงุฆุน"
04:50
or, "Hey, enjoy the Doritos,"
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ุฃูˆ "ู‡ุงูŠุŒ ุงุณุชู…ุชุน ุจุฏูˆุฑูŠุชุณ"
04:52
or, "We love Gatorade, too."
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ุฃูˆ" ู†ุญู† ู†ุญุจ ู‚ุงุชูˆุฑุงุฏ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง"
04:54
Stuff like that.
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ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุซู„ ุฐู„ูƒ.
04:55
And so it started breaking up the monotony of the job as well
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู†ูƒุณุฑ ุฑุชุงุจุฉ ุงู„ูˆุธูŠูุฉ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ
05:00
because I was picking and packing all of the boxes,
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ู„ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ูƒู†ุช ุฃุฌู…ุน ูˆุฃุญุฒู… ูƒู„ ุงู„ุตู†ุงุฏูŠู‚ุŒ
05:02
and that's all you basically do for eight, nine, 10, 12 hours a day
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุชูุนู„ู‡ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ 8 ุŒ9 ุŒ10 ุฃูˆ 12 ุณุงุนุฉ ูŠูˆู…ูŠู‹ุง
05:05
when you're sitting in the garage.
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุฌู„ุณ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุขุจ.
05:07
And so an interesting thing happened.
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ุจุดูŠุก ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุงู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุญุฏุซ.
05:09
So we actually started to grow.
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ูˆุญู‚ู‹ุง ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ู†ู†ู…ูˆ.
05:12
And so, you know, over the last --
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ูƒู…ุง ุชุนู„ู…ูˆู†ุŒ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุขุฎุฑ--
05:14
actually just even 36 months after that,
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ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ูู‚ุท 36 ุดู‡ุฑุŒ ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
05:16
we ended up selling hundreds of millions of dollars worth of stuff,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุงู†ุชู‡ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู…ุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุจูŠุน ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู‚ูŠู…ุชู‡ุง ู…ุฆุงุช ุงู„ู…ู„ุงูŠู† ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงุชุŒ
05:20
and we actually grew really, really quickly.
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุชูˆุณุนู†ุง ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ.
05:22
But during that time, my role started to change, too.
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ู„ูƒู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ุจุฏุฃ ุฏูˆุฑูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุชุบูŠุฑุŒ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง.
05:25
So, yes, I was the CEO in the garage;
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ู„ุฐุงุŒ ู†ุนู…ุŒ ูƒู†ุช ุงู„ู…ุฏูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชู†ููŠุฐูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุขุจุŒ
05:27
I was picking and packing, doing all the work,
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ูƒู†ุช ุฃุฌู…ุน ูˆุฃุนุจุฆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุตู†ุงุฏูŠู‚ุŒ ุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจูƒู„ ุงู„ุฃุนู…ุงู„.
05:30
but then I graduated
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ุซู… ุชู…ุช ุชุฑู‚ูŠุชูŠ
05:31
to actually managing the people who picked and packed,
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ู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุฌู…ุนูˆู† ูˆูŠุนุจุฆูˆู†.
05:34
and then pretty soon I managed the people
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ุซู… ุณุฑุนุงู† ู…ุง ุชู…ูƒู†ุช ู…ู† ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ.
05:36
who managed the people picking and packing.
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ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุฅุฏุงุฑุงุฉ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุฌู…ุน ูˆุชุนุจุฆ.
05:38
And even now, I manage the C-staff who manage the departments
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ูˆุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุฃุฏูŠุฑ ูุฑูŠู‚ C ุงู„ุฐูŠู† ูŠุฏูŠุฑูˆู† ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุงุช
05:41
who manage the people who manage the people picking and packing.
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ู‡ู… ูŠุฏูŠุฑูˆู† ู†ุงุณ ุชู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ู†ุงุณ ุชุฌู…ุน ูˆุชุนุจุฆ.
05:44
And it is at that point in time, I lost control.
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ูˆููŠ ุชู„ูƒ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ูู‚ุฏุช ุงู„ุณูŠุทุฑุฉ.
05:47
So I thought, OK, we were delighting all of these customers with these notes.
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ู„ุฐุง ููƒุฑุชุŒ ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ูƒู†ุง ู†ุณุนุฏ ูƒู„ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุงุก ู…ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช.
05:51
They loved them, but I can't write these notes anymore,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ุฃุญุจูˆุง ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุชุŒ ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุฃุณุชุทูŠุน ูƒุชุงุจุชู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ
05:54
so you know what I'm going to do?
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ุฅุฐู‹ุง ุฃุชุนู„ู…ูˆู† ู…ุง ุณุฃู‚ูˆู… ุจูุนู„ู‡ุŸ
05:55
I'm going to tell these folks how to write these notes.
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ุณุฃุฎุจุฑ ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูƒูŠู ุชููƒุชุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช.
05:58
What pen to use, what color to use, what you should write,
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ูˆุฃูŠ ู‚ู„ู… ูŠุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุฃูŠ ู„ูˆู† ูŠุฎุชุงุฑูˆู†ุŒ ูˆู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒุชุจูˆุงุŒ
06:02
what font you should use,
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ูˆุฃูŠ ู†ูˆุน ุฎุท ูŠุฌุจ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุŒ
06:04
don't mess up the margins,
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ู„ุง ุชูุณุฏ ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงู…ุดุŒ
06:05
this has to be this big, this has to be that big.
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ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุฌู…ุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจุฐุงูƒ ุงู„ุญุฌู….
06:08
And pretty soon this goal of raising morale
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ูˆู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง ุฌุฏู‹ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู† ุฑูุน ุงู„ุฑูˆุญ ุงู„ู…ุนู†ูˆูŠุฉ
06:10
by breaking up the monotony in the fulfillment center
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06:13
actually became micromanagement, and people started complaining to HR.
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ุฃุตุจุญุช ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุชุดูƒูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฑุฏ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠุฉ.
06:16
It's like, "Dude, this CEO guy has got to get out of my hair, OK?
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ "ูŠุง ุฑููŠู‚ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฆูŠุณ ุงู„ุชู†ููŠุฐูŠ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒู ุนู† ุฅุฒุนุงุฌู†ุงุŸ
06:19
I know how to write a damn note."
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ุฃู†ุง ุฃุนุฑู ูƒูŠู ุฃูƒุชุจ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุฉ ุชุงูู‡ุฉ."
06:21
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
06:22
So it was at that point in time, we said, "OK, you know?
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ุฅุฐู‹ุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠู‡ุง: "ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุชุนุฑูุŸ
06:25
We hired these great, wonderful people,
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ูˆุธูู†ุง ู‡ุคู„ุงุก ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุนูŠู†ุŒ
06:28
let's give them the mission that's 'delight the customer,'
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ "ุณุนุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ูŠู„"
06:31
let's give them the tool to do so, and that's these notes -- have at it."
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ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ุฃุฏุงุฉ ู„ู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช-- ุฎุฐู‡ุง.
06:35
And so what we found was actually pretty startling.
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ูˆู…ุง ูˆุฌุฏู†ุงู‡ ูƒุงู† ุญู‚ู‹ุง ู…ุฐู‡ู„.
06:37
Some folks actually took the notes
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ุจุนุถ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช
06:39
and actually started drawing these really ornate minimurals on them.
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ูˆููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุจุฏุฃูˆุง ูŠุฑุณู…ูˆู† ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช ุฌุฏุงุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุตุบุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง.
06:43
When folks ordered diapers, you'd get really fun notes like this:
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ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุทู„ุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุญูุงุถุงุชุŒ ุณุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู„ุงุญุธุงุช ู…ู…ุชุนุฉ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ู…ุซู„:
06:46
"Say 'hi' to the baby for us!"
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"ู‚ู„ ู…ุฑุญุจู‹ุง ู„ู„ุทูู„ ู†ูŠุงุจุฉู‹ ุนู†ุง"
06:48
And you know, the next size up, if they bought a bigger size,
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ูˆุฃู†ุช ุชุนุฑูุŒ ุงู„ุญุฌู… ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ู„ุฃุนู„ู‰ุŒ ุฅุฐุง ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ุจุดุฑุงุก ุญุฌู… ุฃูƒุจุฑุŒ
06:51
they'd write, "Growing up so fast."
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ุณูŠูƒุชุจูˆู†ุŒ "ูŠูƒุจุฑูˆู† ุจุณุฑุนุฉ."
06:53
And so people really, really took to it.
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ูˆู‚ุฏ ุฃุนุฌุจ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุจู‡ุฐุง ูƒุซูŠุฑู‹ุง.
06:57
But it was at that time that it also went off the rails a few times.
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ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃูˆู‚ุงุช ุฎุฑุฌุช ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฃู„ูˆู ุนุฏุฏู‹ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุช.
07:00
And so we had someone just writing, "Thx, thx," all the time,
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ูˆู„ุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ูŠูƒุชุจ ูู‚ุทุŒ "ThxุŒ thxุŒ" ุทูˆุงู„ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช.
07:03
and it's like, "Alright, dude, my boss used to write that to me,"
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ูˆุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ุŒ "ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ูŠุง ุตุงุญุŒ ุงุนุชุงุฏ ู…ุฏูŠุฑูŠ ุฃู† ูŠูƒุชุจ ู„ูŠ ุฐู„ูƒ"
07:06
so, let's not write "Thx" anymore.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู„ุง ู†ูƒุชุจ"Thx" ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุขู†.
07:09
But you also had interesting things on the other side.
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ูƒุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃุดูŠุงุก ู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฅู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ.
07:11
People got a little too creative.
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ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ุฒุงุฏ ุฅุจุฏุงุนู‡ู… ุจู†ุณุจุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ.
07:13
And so, like I said before, we sell everything in bulk:
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ูƒู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ุŒ ู†ุจูŠุน ูƒู„ ุดูŠุก ุจุงู„ุฌู…ู„ุฉ:
07:17
the big packs of diapers, big packs of toilet paper,
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ุญุฒู… ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุญูุงุถุงุชุŒ ุญุฒู… ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ูˆุฑู‚ ุงู„ุชูˆุงู„ูŠุชุŒ
07:19
the big packs of Doritos and Oreo cookies.
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ุญุฒู… ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุฏูˆุฑูŠุชูˆุณ ูˆุฃูˆุฑูŠูˆ.
07:23
We also sell the big packs of contraception,
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ู†ุญู† ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู†ุจูŠุน ุญุฒู… ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ู…ู† ูˆุณุงุฆู„ ุชู†ุธูŠู… ุงู„ุญู…ู„ุŒ
07:26
and so --
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง--
07:27
this is getting a little hairy.
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ูˆุชุญุฏุซ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุตุนูˆุจุฉ ูˆุงู„ุชุนู‚ูŠุฏ.
07:29
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
07:30
So we sell the 40-pack of condoms, right?
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ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ุจูŠุน 40 ุนู„ุจุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฐูƒุฑูŠุฉุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
07:34
We're all adults in this room -- 40-pack of condoms.
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ุฌู…ูŠุนู†ุง ุจุงู„ุบูˆู† ู‡ู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุบุฑูุฉ 40 ุญุฒู…ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุฐูƒุฑูŠ
07:37
So, someone ordered four 40-packs of condoms --
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ู„ุฐุงุŒ ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุทู„ุจ 44 ุนู„ุจุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฐูƒุฑูŠุฉ -
07:41
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
07:42
And that's all they ordered,
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ู…ุง ุทู„ุจูˆู‡ุŒ
07:44
so, 160 condoms,
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ุฅุฐู‹ุงุŒ 160 ูˆุงู‚ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑูŠ
07:46
the packer was like, "I know how to delight the customer."
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ูˆุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุฑุฒู… ูƒุงู† ู…ุซู„ "ุฃุนุฑู ูƒูŠู ุฃูุฑุญ ุงู„ุนู…ูŠู„."
07:49
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
07:51
"This guy ..."
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"ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต..."
07:52
This is what they wrote:
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ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุง ูƒุชุจู‡:
07:54
[Everyone loves an optimist]
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(ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠุญุจ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู…ุชูุงุฆู„)
07:56
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
07:57
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
08:01
We didn't know whether to fire him or to promote him, but he's still there.
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ู„ู… ู†ูƒู† ู†ุนุฑู ู…ุง ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ูŠุฌุจ ุทุฑุฏู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุฃูˆ ุชุฑู‚ูŠุชู‡ุŒ ู„ูƒู†ู‡ ู…ุง ุฒุงู„ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ.
08:04
So, "Everyone loves an optimist."
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ุฅุฐู‹ุง" ุงู„ุฌู…ูŠุน ูŠุญุจ ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ู…ุชูุงุฆู„"
08:06
But here is where it went a little bit off the rails
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ู„ูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฎุฑุฌ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ู‹ุง ุนู† ุงู„ู…ุฃู„ูˆู
08:11
and I felt a little bit conflicted in all of this.
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ูˆุดุนุฑุช ู‚ู„ูŠู„ู‹ุง ุจุชุถุงุฑุจ ููŠ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง.
08:14
And --
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ูˆ--
08:16
oh, there's a really bad typo --
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ุฃูˆู‡ุŒ ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฎุทุฃ ุณูŠุฆ ุฌุฏู‹ุง --
08:17
so if there was only a red T-E-D on stage that I counted on being here,
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุณูˆู‰ ุฃุญู…ุฑ T-E-D ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุฑุญ ุฃู†ู†ูŠ ุฃุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ
08:22
it wouldn't be a typo, right?
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ู„ู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฎุทุฃ ู…ุทุจุนูŠุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
08:24
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
08:25
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
08:26
I promised you I had a really bad sense of humor,
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ู„ู‚ุฏ ูˆุนุฏุชูƒู… ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุญุณ ู‚ูˆูŠ ุฌุฏู‹ุง ุจุงู„ููƒุงู‡ุฉุŒ
08:29
and now I'm gratifying that.
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ูˆุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุณุนูŠุฏ ุจุฐู„ูƒ.
08:30
So I told you. But I really was conflicted, right?
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ู„ุฐุง ู‚ุฏ ุฃุฎุจุฑุชูƒู…. ู„ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ูƒู†ุช ู…ุชุถุงุฑุจุŒ ุฃู„ูŠุณ ูƒุฐู„ูƒุŸ
08:33
At this point in time, we started doing things
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ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ููŠ ูุนู„ ุงู„ุฃุดูŠุงุก
08:35
that actually weren't part of our core mission
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ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ุฌุฒุกู‹ุง ู…ู† ู…ู‡ู…ุชู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ
08:37
and people started failing at it.
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ูˆุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠูุดู„ูˆู† ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ.
08:39
And so, I thought, should we let them fail?
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ููƒุฑุชุŒ ู‡ู„ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุณู…ุงุญ ู„ู‡ู… ุจุงู„ูุดู„ุŸ
08:43
Should we continue to let them do this?
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ู‡ู„ ู†ุณุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุณู…ุงุญ ู„ู‡ู… ุจุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู… ุจุฐู„ูƒุŸ
08:45
I don't know --
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ู„ุง ุฃุนุฑู
08:46
I didn't know at that moment,
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ู„ู… ุฃุนู„ู… ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ุญุธุฉ
08:48
but I thought this:
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ููƒุฑุช ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง:
08:50
Is failure really that bad?
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ู‡ู„ ุงู„ูุดู„ ูุนู„ู‹ุง ุณูŠุฆ ู„ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุญุฏุŸ
08:53
I'm not saying we should celebrate failure.
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ุฃู†ุง ู„ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุฃู†ู‡ ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ู†ุญุชูู„ ุจุงู„ูุดู„.
08:55
There's a lot of talk in Silicon Valley that says, "Let's celebrate failure."
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ููŠ ูˆุงุฏูŠ ุงู„ุณู„ูŠูƒูˆู† ูŠู‚ูˆู„ูˆู†ุŒ "ุฏุนูˆู†ุง ู†ุญุชูู„ ุจุงู„ูุดู„".
08:59
No, I don't know if we would go all the way there,
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ู„ุงุŒ ู„ุง ุฃุนู„ู… ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ุณู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ ู‡ู†ุงูƒุŒ
09:01
because like, in our board meetings,
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ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงุฌุชู…ุงุนุงุช ู…ุฌู„ุณ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุงุŒ
09:03
our board members are never like, "Hey, Chieh, you failed last quarter,
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ุฃุนุถุงุก ู…ุฌู„ุณ ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู„ูŠุณูˆุง ู…ุซู„ "ูŠุง ุดูŠู‡ุŒ ู„ู‚ุฏ ูุดู„ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฑุจุน ุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุŒ
09:06
keep doing that, buddy, OK?"
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ุงุณุชู…ุฑ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ ูŠุง ุตุฏูŠู‚ูŠุŒ ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŸ
09:08
No one's ever said that.
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ู„ุง ุฃุญุฏ ู‚ุงู„ ุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุจุฏู‹ุง.
09:09
If you're part of an organization like that,
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ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุช ุฌุฒุกู‹ุง ู…ู† ู…ู†ุธู…ุฉ ู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ุŒ
09:11
give me a call, I want to sit in on that meeting.
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ุงุชุตู„ ุจูŠุŒ ุฃุฑูŠุฏ ุญุถูˆุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฅุฌุชู…ุงุน.
09:13
In private, I don't think many people celebrate failure,
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ููŠ ุงู„ู‚ุทุงุน ุงู„ุฎุงุตุŒ ู„ุง ุฃุนุชู‚ุฏ ุฃู† ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณ ูŠุญุชูู„ูˆู† ุจุงู„ูุดู„ุŒ
09:16
but failure, I posit, is actually pretty necessary
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ูˆู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุดู„ุŒ ุฃูุชุฑุถ ุฃู†ู‡ ุถุฑูˆุฑูŠ ุฌุฏู‹ุง
09:19
for the folks truly in the long-term,
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ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฏู‰ ุงู„ุทูˆูŠู„ุŒ
09:21
for the smart and imaginative people
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ู„ู„ู†ุงุณ ุงู„ุฐูƒูŠุฉ ูˆู…ุจุฏุนุฉ.
09:23
truly trying to fulfill the mission that you give them at hand.
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ุชุญุงูˆู„ ุญู‚ู‹ุง ุชุญู‚ูŠู‚ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุฃุณู†ุงุฏู†ู‡ุง ู„ู‡ู….
09:27
And so failure can actually be seen as a milestone
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู‚ุฏ ูŠูŒู†ุธุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุดู„ ุจุงุนุชุจุงุฑู‡ ุนู„ุงู…ุฉ ูุงุฑู‚ุฉ
09:30
along that mission towards success.
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ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉ ู†ุญูˆ ุงู„ู†ุฌุงุญ.
09:33
And if the downside of not micromanaging
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠ ููŠ ุนุฏู… ุงู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ
09:35
is potentially this perceived notion that you might fail more often,
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุญุชู…ู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ููƒุฑุฉ ุฃู†ูƒ ู‚ุฏ ุชูุดู„ ููŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃุญูŠุงู†ุŒ
09:38
and if it's really not that bad,
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ูˆุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠูƒู† ู‡ุฐุง ุณูŠุฆู‹ุง ุญู‚ู‹ุงุŒ
09:41
what is the upside?
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ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠุŸ
09:42
Well, we saw the upside and it's pretty great.
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ุญุณู†ุงุŒู„ู‚ุฏ ุฑุฃูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุฌุงู†ุจ ุงู„ุฅูŠุฌุงุจูŠ ูˆู‡ูˆ ุฑุงุฆุน ุฌุฏู‹ุง.
09:44
We tasked our engineers and said,
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ูƒู„ูู†ุง ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู†ุง ูˆู‚ุงู„ูˆุงุŒ
09:46
"Hey, some of our fulfillment centers cost millions of dollars to build,
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"ู‡ุงูŠุŒ ุจุนุถ ู…ุฑุงูƒุฒู†ุง ุงู„ู†ุงุฌุญุฉ ูƒู„ูุช ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงุช ู„ู„ุจู†ุงุกุŒ
09:49
there's miles and miles of conveyor,
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ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฃู…ูŠุงู„ ูˆุฃู…ูŠุงู„ ู…ู† ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ู„ุŒ
09:51
and so, can you do the same thing,
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุงุŒ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชูุนู„ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ู†ูุณู‡ุŒ
09:53
can you make them efficient without spending millions of dollars?"
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ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู†ูƒ ุฌุนู„ู‡ุง ูุนุงู„ุฉ ุฏูˆู† ุฅู†ูุงู‚ ู…ู„ุงูŠูŠู† ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุงุฑุงุชุŸ"
09:56
So, they got to work:
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ูˆุงุตู„ูˆุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„
09:58
they actually did this -- this is not photoshopped,
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ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ูุนู„-- ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฒุก ู„ู… ูŠุชู… ุชุตูˆูŠุฑู‡ุŒ
10:00
the guy is really grinding.
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ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ูŠูุทุญู† ุญู‚ุง.
10:02
They built an autonomous guided vehicle.
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ู‚ุงู…ูˆุง ุจุจู†ุงุก ู…ุฑูƒุจุฉ ู…ุณุชู‚ู„ุฉ ุฐุงุชูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูˆุฌูŠู‡.
10:04
We didn't tell them what to build, what format it needed to be.
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ู„ู… ู†ุฎุจุฑู‡ู… ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ุจู†ุงุคู‡ุŒ ู…ุง ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุชุญุชุงุฌู‡ ู„ูŠูƒูˆู†.
10:07
In 90 days they produced the first prototype:
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ููŠ 90 ูŠูˆู…ุง ุฃู†ุชุฌูˆุง ุงู„ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„:
10:09
powered off Tesla batteries, stereoscopic cameras, lidar systems.
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ุชุนู…ู„ ุจุจุทุงุฑูŠุงุช ุชุณู„ุงุŒ ูƒุงู…ูŠุฑุงุช ู…ุฌุณู…ุฉุŒ ุฃู†ุธู…ุฉ ู„ูŠุฏุงุฑ.
10:12
It basically replicates the efficiency of a conveyor belt
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุชุถุงุนู ูƒูุงุกุฉ ุงู„ุญุฒุงู… ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ู„
10:15
without the actual capex of a conveyor belt.
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ุจุฏูˆู† ุงู„ู†ูู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุฑุฃุณู…ุงู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ูุนู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชูƒู„ูู‡ุง ุงู„ุญุฒุงู… ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ู„.
10:18
So it doesn't actually just stop with engineers.
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู„ุง ุชุชูˆู‚ู ูู‚ุท ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ู‡ู†ุฏุณูŠู†.
10:20
Our marketing department --
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ู‚ุณู…ูู†ุง ู„ู„ุชุณูˆูŠู‚--
10:22
we told them, "Hey, get the word out; do the right thing."
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ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู„ู‡ู…ุŒ"ู‡ุงูŠุŒ ุฃุนู„ู… ุงู„ู†ุงุณุ› ุงูุนู„ ุงู„ุตูˆุงุจ."
10:25
We have this wonderful lady, Nitasha, on the marketing team.
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ู„ุฏูŠู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุณูŠุฏุฉ ุงู„ุฑุงุฆุนุฉ ู†ุงุชุงุดุง ููŠ ูุฑูŠู‚ ุงู„ุชุณูˆูŠู‚.
10:28
She stopped me in the morning,
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ุฃูˆู‚ูุชู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุตุจุงุญุŒ
10:29
she's like, "Chieh, what are we doing about the pink tax?"
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ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ "ุดูŠู‡ุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ุณู†ูุนู„ ุญูŠุงู„ ุงู„ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุฏูŠุฉุŸ"
10:32
I went and got my coffee, I sat down,
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ุฐู‡ุจุชู ูˆุญุตู„ุช ุนู„ู‰ ู‚ู‡ูˆุชูŠุŒ ุฌู„ุณุชุŒ
10:34
I said, "OK, Nitasha, what is this pink tax?"
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ู‚ู„ุช: "ุญุณู†ู‹ุงุŒ ู†ุชุงุดุงุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ ุงู„ูˆุฑุฏูŠุฉุŸ"
10:36
And so she told me, it's really interesting.
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ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃุฎุจุฑุชู†ูŠุŒ ุฅู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซูŠุฑุฉ ู„ู„ุฅู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุญู‚ู‹ุง.
10:38
So, some of you might know that in 32 states across America,
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ู„ุฐุงุŒ ุจุนุถูƒู… ู‚ุฏ ูŠุนู„ู… ุฃู†ู‡ู ููŠ 32 ูˆู„ุงูŠุฉ ุนุจุฑ ุฃู…ุฑูŠูƒุงุŒ
10:41
we actually charge a luxury goods tax on women's products
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ู†ุญู† ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู†ูุฑุถ ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ ุจุงู‡ุธุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุชุฌุงุช ุงู„ู†ุณุงุฆูŠุฉ
10:44
like feminine care products,
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ู…ุซู„ ู…ู†ุชุฌุงุช ุงู„ุนู†ุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู†ุณุงุฆูŠุฉุŒ
10:46
so tampons and pads are taxed like luxury goods items.
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ุงู„ู…ู†ุดูุงุช ุงู„ู†ุณุงุฆูŠุฉ ู…ูุฑูˆุถ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุถุฑุงุฆุจ ูƒุถุฑุงุฆุจ ุงู„ุณู„ุน ุงู„ูุงุฎุฑุฉ
10:48
So I would never dare call my wife --
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ู„ุฐู„ูƒ ู„ู† ุฃุฌุฑุค ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฅุชุตุงู„ ุจุฒูˆุฌุชูŠ -
10:50
or if she called me and said, "Hey, hon, bring some pads on the way home,"
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ุฃูˆ ุฅุฐุง ุงุชุตู„ุช ุจูŠ ูˆู‚ุงู„ุช "ู…ุฑุญุจู‹ุง ุฃุฌู„ุจ ููˆุท ู†ุณุงุฆูŠุฉ ููŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ูƒ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุจูŠุช"
10:54
and I said, "Babe, you know, there's a trade war going on,
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ูˆู‚ู„ุช "ุญุจูŠุจุชูŠุŒุฃู†ุช ุชุนุฑููŠู†ุŒ ุงู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุญุฑุจ ุชุฌุงุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุณุชู…ุฑุฉุŒ
10:56
the economy's not that good,
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ุงู„ุฅู‚ุชุตุงุฏ ู„ูŠุณ ุฌูŠุฏู‹ุง ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉุŒ
10:58
so no luxury goods this month but next month I promise --
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ุฅุฐู‹ุง ู„ุง ู…ุดุชุฑูŠุงุช ูุงุฎุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ู„ูƒู† ุฃุชุนู‡ุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุดู‡ุฑ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู….
11:01
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
11:02
I'll take a look at it."
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ุณูˆู ุฃู„ู‚ูŠ ู†ุธุฑุฉ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง.
11:03
I'd be single pretty quickly, right?
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ุณุฃูƒูˆู† ุฃุนุฒุจ ุจุณุฑุนุฉุŒ ุตุญูŠุญุŸ
11:05
But what's super interesting is now --
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ู„ูƒู† ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ู…ุซูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุฅู‡ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ูˆ -
11:07
we didn't tell them what to do --
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ู„ู… ู†ุฎุจุฑู‡ู… ุจู…ุง ูŠุฌุจ ูุนู„ู‡ -
11:09
but now, working with finance, they rebate the tax
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ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ุขู†ุŒ ุจุงู„ุนู…ู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ู…ุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ู… ูŠู‚ูˆู…ูˆู† ุจุชุฎููŠุถ ุงู„ุถุฑูŠุจุฉ
11:11
back to customers all around the country that we unfairly have to collect.
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ู†ุนูˆุฏ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ุงุก ููŠ ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฏ ุญูŠุซ ูŠุฌุจ ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุจุดูƒู„ ุบูŠุฑ ุนุงุฏู„ ุฌู…ุนู‡ุง.
11:15
And so at this point in time, you might be thinking,
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ูˆุญุชู‰ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ ู‚ุฏ ุชููƒุฑุŒ
11:17
"OK, what is the real, real upside of not micromanaging?"
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"ุญุณู†ุงุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุงุชุฌุงู‡ ุงู„ุตุนูˆุฏูŠ ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุŸ"
11:21
and it's this:
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ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ:
11:23
I didn't do any of these projects.
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ู„ู… ุฃู‚ู… ุจุฃูŠ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุดุงุฑูŠุน.
11:25
I didn't make the AGV.
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ุฃู†ุง ู„ู… ุฃู‚ู… ุจ AGV.
11:26
I didn't do the "Rethink the Pink Tax" campaign.
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ู„ู… ุฃู‚ู… ุจุญู…ู„ุฉ "Rethink the Pink Tax"
11:28
I didn't do any of this,
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ู„ู… ุฃูุนู„ ุฃูŠู‹ุง ู…ู† ู‡ุฐุงุŒ
11:30
but I'm standing here on a TED stage taking all the credit for it.
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ู„ูƒู†ู†ูŠ ุฃู‚ู ู‡ู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุณุฑุญ TED ุฃุฎุฐ ูƒู„ ุงู„ูุถู„ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ.
11:33
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
11:36
"This guy does nothing and takes all the credit for it.
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"ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฌู„ ู„ุง ูŠูุนู„ ุดูŠุฆู‹ุง ูˆูŠุฃุฎุฐ ูƒู„ ุงู„ูุถู„ ููŠ ุฐู„ูƒ.
11:39
He's a real CEO, this guy. He's really got it down."
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ุฅู†ู‡ ุฑุฆูŠุณ ุชู†ููŠุฐูŠ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑุฌู„. ุฅู†ู‡ ุญู‚ุงู‹ ู…ุงู‡ุฑ"
11:42
(Laughter)
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(ุถุญูƒ)
11:43
But the reality is this.
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ู„ูƒู† ู‡ูƒุฐุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน.
11:45
I don't have the CEO thing down 100 percent pat,
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ู„ู… ุฃู†ุฌุฒ ู…ู‡ุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€CEO ู…ุฆุฉ ุจุงู„ู…ุฆุฉ ูŠุง ุตุงุญ
11:47
but I've actually learned the most fundamentally challenging lesson
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ู„ูƒู†ูŠ ุจุงู„ูุนู„ ุชุนู„ู…ุช ุงู„ุฏุฑุณ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุชุญุฏูŠู‹ุง.
11:52
I've ever had to learn,
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ุงู„ุฐูŠ ู„ู… ุฃุถุทุฑ ู„ุชุนู„ู…ู‡ ููŠ ุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ู…ุถู‰
11:54
and that's this.
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ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ:
11:56
There is only one solution to micromanagement ...
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ู„ุง ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุฅู„ุง ุญู„ ูˆุญูŠุฏ ู„ู„ุฅุฏุงุฑุฉ ุงู„ุชูุตูŠู„ูŠุฉ ...
11:59
and that's to trust.
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ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุซู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุชุจุงุฏู„ุฉ
12:01
Thank you.
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ุดูƒุฑู‹ุง.
12:02
(Applause)
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(ุชุตููŠู‚)
ุญูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน

ุณูŠู‚ุฏู… ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆู‚ุน ู…ู‚ุงุทุน ููŠุฏูŠูˆ YouTube ุงู„ู…ููŠุฏุฉ ู„ุชุนู„ู… ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ. ุณุชุฑู‰ ุฏุฑูˆุณ ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุชู… ุชุฏุฑูŠุณู‡ุง ู…ู† ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุฏุฑุณูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุฌู…ูŠุน ุฃู†ุญุงุก ุงู„ุนุงู„ู…. ุงู†ู‚ุฑ ู†ู‚ุฑู‹ุง ู…ุฒุฏูˆุฌู‹ุง ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฌู„ูŠุฒูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ุนุฑูˆุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุตูุญุฉ ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู„ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ. ูŠุชู… ุชู…ุฑูŠุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุจุงู„ุชุฒุงู…ู† ู…ุน ุชุดุบูŠู„ ุงู„ููŠุฏูŠูˆ. ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู„ุฏูŠูƒ ุฃูŠ ุชุนู„ูŠู‚ุงุช ุฃูˆ ุทู„ุจุงุช ุŒ ูŠุฑุฌู‰ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ุจู†ุง ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ู†ู…ูˆุฐุฌ ุงู„ุงุชุตุงู„ ู‡ุฐุง.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7