Making a TED-Ed Lesson: Bringing a pop-up book to life

TED-Ed 课程制作: 让立体书栩栩如生 | Biljana Labovic

翻译人员: Francis Ma 校对人员: Sherry Chen

构造板块是什么？ 为什么要用立体书来解释它？

In this short video, we're going to show you how we constructed

在这个短片里，我们将向你展示 我们是如何做出立体书

and animated a pop-up book to explain Earth's tectonic plates.

并且使立体书生动地 来解释地质板块的

The supercontinent Pangaea broke apart 200,000,000 years ago,

超级盘古大陆在两亿年前 分成了多个部分

but the pieces haven't stopped shifting.

然而每个部分都没有停止漂移

虽然用动画我们很容易用绘画的方式 来解释这一现象

Although with animation we can show this movement easily with drawings,

we thought it'd be more interesting to depict gigantic sliding slabs of rock

但是我们认为如果能 将这些滑动的板状巨石

using a tangible object that also moves and shifts.

通过同样可以移动和漂移的实体呈现 会是更加有趣的

and the pop-up book idea was born.

于是，立体书的想法就诞生了

(music)

（音乐） 我们如何做一本立体书？

做一本自己的立体书时 你需要一些简单的工具

To make your own pop-up book, you'll need some basic paper tools,

such as scissors, an X-Acto knife, glue, double-sided Scotch tape, a ruler,

比如说剪刀，X-Acto刻刀 胶水，双面胶，一把尺子

a bone folder or other creasing tool, and, of course, some paper.

摺纸棒或者别的什么给纸折缝的工具 当然了，还需要一些纸

这门课首先我们需要 确定整体的可视风格

For this lesson, we first determined the visual style

by making illustrations and deciding on the overall

通过提前绘制好平面图示， 然后决定整体上的风格

design, colors, shapes and elements we wanted on each page, or spread.

包括每一页或者每一个横页的设计，

颜色，形状和各种小的组成部分

You can have more detailed illustrations, but we wanted to illustrate this lesson

你当然可以将图示做的非常细致 但是在这个教程当中

我们只简单地用基本的形状 和颜色来做图示

simply by playing with shapes and colors.

When you visualize your pop-up and choose a visual style,

当你选择了一种视觉效果 并且开始设计立体图片时

you will want to make a bunch of good old pencil sketches on paper

你会想要在纸上 用铅笔绘出你初步的草稿

and plan each movement for each spread.

然后为每一个横页 准备一种立体的展现方式

Plan as much as you can:

计划得越详细越好

all the basic shapes and how they connect and how you want them to move,

最好提前规划好所有的基本图形 和它们的衔接以及以立体呈现的方式

which parts you want to pop-up first.

想好哪一部分 你最先想以立体呈现出来

Challenge yourself,

进一步挑战自己

and explore multiple possibilities of how your main element on the spread can pop up.

并且要想出多套立体书中的 元素呈现的方案

For the next step, make a mock-up spread

下一步，做一个 1:1 的横页的模型

and see if your masterful paper engineering ideas

然后来测验你的精妙设计 是不是能从理论进化到可实施阶段

translate from a sketch to the actual prototype.

Instead of using fancy paper, start with the cheap stuff

先不要用高档的卡纸 用便宜的就可以了

and allow yourself to make mistakes and adjustments.

这样可以允许自己犯错 并且能很容易做出调整

This prototype lets you see how your preliminary sketches will come to life.

这个原型就是让你对于自己的设计 将如何呈现有更直观的感受

You will want to first draw all individual parts on a single sheet,

然后在一张上面画上所有单独的部分

including all your main pieces, all the supporting pieces and the folds.

包括所有的主要组成部分， 所有的支撑部分和可折叠的部分

You may be surprised that there are only two types of folds

你也许会惊讶 因为仅有两种折叠方式

that can make your elements pop up the way you want:

可以让你的元素 以你所想的立体形式呈现

a step fold and a V-fold.

一种是阶状折叠，一种是V形折叠

Here, you can see how we used a step fold

现在，你可以看到 我们是如何使用阶状褶皱

to make each layer of the Earth step out.

使得地球的每一层可以立体地弹出

Then, cut all your individual elements and assemble using glue

然后，剪下所有元素并且组装

利用胶水或者双面胶都行

or double-sided Scotch tape.

(Music)

（音乐）

Through trial and error, make sure that all

从一次次尝试的失败和错误中

积累经验保证所有元素 都以你想象的方式呈现

the elements, shapes and placements are moving the way you imagined,

and that they fold properly when closed and opened.

并且所有元素在打开和关闭时 都能和容易得折叠

(Music)

（音乐）

Once your prototype is tested and complete,

当你的原型已经测试没有问题了

you can proceed to making the final product in color.

你可以进一步制作 上了颜色的最终产品了

Draw or paint on your main pop-up elements as you see fit.

在你的所有元素上绘上 你觉得合适的样式

For this lesson,

we decided to just play with simple shapes in different colors

这门课呢

我们决定仅仅用简单的 不同颜色的纯色图案

to create the world of shifting continents we imagined.

来创造一个我们所想的 大陆板块漂移的世界

（音乐）

(Music)

我们如何让一本立体书动起来

When we were planning each spread, we knew we wanted some elements

当我们规划每一横页的时候

应该清楚我们需要哪些元素 从立体书中单独呈现出来

to move independently of the typical pop-up book

using slight manipulations and animations.

可以用一些微小的结构和动画效果

We had to plan well, but also use a few tricks.

我们需要规划好 也需要一些小技巧

As always, when you're making stop-motion,

一般来说，当你制作定格动画时

you may have to be creative and use all sorts of unusual tools and props

你应该会创作并且应用 很多古怪的工具和支撑物

to achieve the effect that you want.

来完成你想要的定格动画的效果

In this shot, the birds had to fly across and off the edge of the book,

在这个场景中 鸟儿将穿越整本书飞过书的边缘

so we used Fun-Tak to move the clouds across the page.

所以我们用到了Fun-Tak粘 来让云朵沿着书页移动

Once they left the page, they had to be trimmed

当他们离开了页面的时候 就将它们去掉

to get the illusion they flew off.

来营造一种云朵飞走了的错觉

When the pages of the book close at the end,

当书页做种合上时

we had to flip each page, supporting it in each position

我们将一页一页的翻书

保持那个位置长时间不变 然后拍成单独的一帧

long enough to be photographed as an individual frame.

We used binder clips, wedges, Fun-Tak,

我们用到了长尾夹， 楔子和 Fun-Tak

and almost every handy little thing you can think of.

还有很多你能想到的日常用品

Once all the individual frames were photographed,

一旦这些单独的帧拍好了

we put them all together and composited

我们将每一帧都放到一起 并且合成到一起

to make our pop-up book look like it's moving on its own.

通过这样的方法 我们的立体书好像自己在动

So now, think of a special occasion

所以现在，构想一种特殊的情景

where you can surprise someone with your own unique pop-up card,

让你可以向一些人展示 你独特的立体卡片

or an entire story that you want to tell,

甚至是你想讲的一整个故事

and start plotting the ins and outs of your pop-up book.

那么，现在开始构想 你自己的立体书的细枝末节吧！