Can the ocean run out of oxygen? - Kate Slabosky

781,273 views ใƒป 2020-08-18

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
For most of the year, the Gulf of Mexico is teeming with marine life,
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ ๋…„ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:13
from tiny crustaceans to massive baleen whales.
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์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ‘๊ฐ๋ฅ˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ปค๋‹ค๋ž€ ์ˆ˜์—ผ๊ณ ๋ž˜๊นŒ์ง€ ์žˆ์ฃ .
00:17
But every summer, disaster strikes.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ด๋งˆ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์ด ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ๋‚œ์ด ๋‹ฅ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Around May, animals begin to flee the area.
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5์›” ๊ทผ์ฒ˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด, ๋™๋ฌผ๋“ค์ด ๋„๋ง์น˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
And soon, creatures that canโ€™t swim or canโ€™t swim fast enough
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๊ณง ์ด์–ด์„œ ์›€์ง์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์†๋„๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ฆฐ ๋™๋ฌผ์€
00:29
begin to suffocate and die off in massive numbers.
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์งˆ์‹ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ฃฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:33
From late spring to early autumn,
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๋Šฆ๋ด„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์„๊นŒ์ง€,
00:36
thousands of square kilometers along the coast become a marine dead zoneโ€”
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜์ฒœ ์ œ๊ณฑํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด,
00:42
unable to support most forms of aquatic life.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์‚ด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
This strange annual curse isnโ€™t unique;
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๋งค๋…„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ €์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด๊ณณ์—๋งŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
dead zones like this one have formed all over the world.
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์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
But to explore whatโ€™s creating these lethal conditions,
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์ด ์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์˜ ์›์ธ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋ฉด
00:58
we first need to understand how a healthy marine ecosystem functions.
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์šฐ์„  ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
In any body of water that receives sufficient sunlight,
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ํ–‡๋น›์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌผ์—์„œ๋Š”,
ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜, ๋‚จ์„ธ๊ท ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‹๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ ์ž๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
plant-like organisms such as algae and cyanobacteria thrive.
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01:15
Clouds of algae streak the surface of deep waters,
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์—๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋–ผ๋ฅผ ์ง€์–ด ์ž๋ผ๊ณ 
01:19
and in shallower regions, large seaweeds and seagrass cover the ground.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ํฐ ํ•ด์กฐ๋ฅ˜์™€ ํ•ด์ดˆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์„ ๋’ค๋ฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
Not only do these organisms form the foundation of local food chains,
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์ด ์œ ๊ธฐ์ฒด๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ๋จน์ด ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ํ† ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ๋ฟ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:30
their photosynthesis provides the oxygen necessary for aquatic animals to survive.
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๊ด‘ํ•ฉ์„ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
์‚ฐ์†Œ๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
01:38
Besides sunlight and C02,
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ํ•ด์ดˆ์˜ ์„ฑ์žฅ์—๋Š” ํ–‡๋น›๊ณผ ์ด์‚ฐํ™” ํƒ„์†Œ ์™ธ์—๋„,
01:40
algae growth also depends on nutrients like phosphorus and nitrogen.
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์ธ๊ณผ ์งˆ์†Œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์–‘๋ถ„๋„ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
While such resources are typically in short supply,
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์˜์–‘์†Œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:50
sometimes the surrounding watershed can flood coastal waters with these nutrients.
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ์ˆ˜๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ
์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–‘๋ถ„์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•๋ฌผ์ด ์Ÿ์•„์ ธ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
For example, a large rainstorm might wash nutrient-rich sediment
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฑฐ์„ผ ํญํ’์šฐ๋Š”
์˜์–‘๋ถ„์ด ๋งŽ์€ ์นจ์ „๋ฌผ์„ ์ˆฒ์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋กœ ์“ธ์–ด๋ณด๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
from a forest into a lake.
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02:04
These additional resources lead to a massive increase in algae growth
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ถ”๊ฐ€์ ์ธ ์–‘๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๋Ÿ‰์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ผ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:09
known as eutrophication.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์˜์–‘ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
But rather than providing more food and oxygen,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธ‰์„ฑ์žฅ์€ ์˜์–‘๋ถ„๊ณผ ์‚ฐ์†Œ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์ด์™ธ์—
02:15
this surge of growth has deadly consequences.
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์น˜๋ช…์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ž‘์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
As more algae grows on the surface, it blocks sunlight to the plants below.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์ฌ˜ ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ง‰์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
These light-deprived plants die off and decompose
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–‡๋น›์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์‹๋ฌผ์€ ์ฃฝ์€ ํ›„ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
02:30
in a process which uses up the waterโ€™s already depleted oxygen supply.
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์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•œ ๋ฌผ ์† ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
Over time, this can reduce the oxygen content
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜, ์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์šฉ์กด ์‚ฐ์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์ด
02:39
to less than 2 milligrams of oxygen per liter,
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๋ฆฌํ„ฐ ๋‹น 2mg ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋ฉด์„œ
์ƒ์กด์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์ด ํ˜•์„ฑ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:44
creating an uninhabitable dead zone.
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02:47
There are rare bodies of water that rely on natural eutrophication.
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๋“œ๋ฌผ์ง€๋งŒ ์ž์—ฐ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์˜์–‘ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—ญ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Regions like the Bay of Bengal are full of bottom-dwelling marine life
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๋ฒต๊ณจ๋งŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—๋Š”
์‹ฌํ•ด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์„œ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ,
02:58
that has adapted to low-oxygen conditions.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์ ์€ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ ์‘ํ•˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
But human activity has made eutrophication a regular and widespread occurrence.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ™œ๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋ถ€์˜์–‘ํ™”๋Š”
๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:09
Nutrient-rich waste from our sewage systems and industrial processes
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์–‘๋ถ„์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ ํ•˜์ˆ˜์™€ ์‚ฐ์—… ํ์ˆ˜๋Š”
03:15
often end up in lakes, estuaries and coastal waters.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜์™€ ๊ฐ•, ๋ฐ”๋‹ค๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
And the Gulf of Mexico is one of the largest dumping zones on earth
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๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ” ๋งŒ์€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ์žฅ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ธ๋ฐ
03:25
for one particular pollutant: fertilizer.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ ์˜ค์—ผ์ด ์‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
American agriculture relies heavily on
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋†์—…์€ ์งˆ์†Œ์™€ ์ธ์‚ฐ ๋น„๋ฃŒ์—
03:33
nitrogen and phosphate-based fertilizers.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ์˜์กดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
31 states, including Americaโ€™s top agricultural producers,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋†์—… ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง€์ธ 31๊ฐœ ์ฃผ๋Š”
03:41
are connected to the Mississippi River Basin,
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๋ฏธ์‹œ์‹œํ”ผ๊ฐ• ์œ ์—ญ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ,
03:44
and all of their runoff drains into the Gulf of Mexico.
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๋†์—…์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์ฃ .
03:49
Farmers apply most of this fertilizer during the spring planting season,
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๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ๋ด„ ํŒŒ์ข…๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:54
so the nutrient flood occurs shortly after.
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์ด ์งํ›„์— ์–‘๋ถ„์˜ ํ™์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
In the Gulf,
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ํ•œํŽธ ๋งŒ์—์„œ๋Š”,
04:00
decomposing algae sinks into the band of cold saltwater near the seafloor.
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์ฃฝ์–ด์„œ ๋ถ„ํ•ด๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์˜ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ ๊ทผ์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋Š”
์ฐจ๊ฐ€์šด ์†Œ๊ธˆ๋ฌผ ์ง€๋Œ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ผ์•‰์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Since these dense lower waters donโ€™t mix with the warmer freshwater above,
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์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ€๋„๊ฐ€ ๋†’์€ ๋ฌผ์€
์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋” ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ์„ž์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
04:12
it can take four months for tropical storms
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์—ด๋Œ€ ํญํ’์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€
04:15
to fully circulate oxygenated water back into the gulf.
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4๊ฐœ์›”์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
This dead zone currently costs U.S. seafood and tourism industries
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์ด ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ˆ˜์‚ฐ์—…๊ณ„์™€ ๊ด€๊ด‘ ์‚ฐ์—…์€
04:25
as much as $82 million a year,
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๋งค๋…„ 8,200๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์†์‹ค์„ ๋ณด๋ฉฐ
04:29
and that cost will only increase as the dead zone gets bigger.
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๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์†์‹ค์€ ๋” ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
On average the gulf dead zone is roughly 15,000 square kilometers,
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๋งŒ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€์˜ ๋ฉด์ ์€ ํ‰๊ท ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€๋žต 1๋งŒ5์ฒœใŽข์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
04:40
but in 2019 it grew to over 22,000 square kilometersโ€”
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2019๋…„์—๋Š” 2๋งŒ2์ฒœใŽข์„ ๋„˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
approximately the size of New Jersey.
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๋Œ€๋žต ๋‰ด์ €์ง€ ์ฃผ๋งŒํ•œ ํฌ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
04:50
Human activity is similarly responsible for growing dead zones around the world.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์˜ ํ™œ๋™ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ ํ•ด์–‘ ๋ถˆ๋ชจ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ์›์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
So what can be done?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
04:59
In the short term, countries can set tighter regulations on industrial run-off,
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๋‹จ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์‚ฐ์—… ํ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ทœ์ œํ•˜๊ณ 
05:05
and ban the dumping of untreated sewage into ocean waters.
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์ •ํ™”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ค์— ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธˆ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
On farms, we can plant buffer zones
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๋†์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฌด์™€ ๊ด€๋ชฉ์„ ์‹ฌ์–ด
05:13
composed of trees and shrubs to absorb runoff.
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์™„์ถฉ ์ง€๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ ํ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํก์ˆ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
However, long term solutions will require radical changes to the way we grow food.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์žฅ๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”
๋†์—… ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
Farmers are currently incentivized to use techniques
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋†๋ถ€๋“ค์€ ํ† ์–‘์˜ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์„ ํ•ด์น˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ์ง€์›์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
05:28
that reduce the health of the soil
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05:30
and rely heavily on nitrogen-rich fertilizers.
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์งˆ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ํ’๋ถ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
But there would be less need for these chemicals
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ† ์–‘ ์นจ์‹์„ ๋ง‰๊ณ  ๋น„์˜ฅ๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ž‘๋ฌผ์„ ์‹ฌ์–ด์„œ
05:37
if we restore the soilโ€™s natural nutrients
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ํ† ์–‘์˜ ์›๋ž˜ ์˜์–‘๋ถ„์„ ๋ณต๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:40
by planting diverse crops that manage soil erosion and fertility.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™”ํ•™ ๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
Hopefully we can make these fundamental changes soon.
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ผ ๋‚ด์— ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Because if we donโ€™t,
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด,
ํ•ด์–‘ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๊นœ๊นœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
the future of our marine ecosystems may be dead in the water.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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