What happens when you fall into piranha-infested waters? - Antonio Machado-Allison

951,964 views ใƒป 2023-09-14

TED-Ed


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jiwon Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:07
Youโ€™re peering into the Amazon River when, suddenly,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์•„๋งˆ์กด ๊ฐ•์„ ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐœ๋ฐ‘์ด ๊บผ์ง€๋ฉด์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
you lose your footing and fall.
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00:12
Piranhas dart about in the rapidly approaching water.
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ๋ฌผ ์†์—๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
So, are you doomed?
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ํฐ์ผ์ด ๋‚œ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
00:18
Will your fall trigger a fatal feeding frenzy?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง€๋ฉด ๋จน์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ๋ฏธ์นœ ๋“ฏ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
00:21
To forecast your fate, letโ€™s see what we know about these fish.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์šด๋ช…์„ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ์ด ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:26
There are more than 30 piranha species.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋Š” ์ข…์ด 30๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
All live in the fresh waters of South America
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‚จ๋ฏธ์˜ ๋ฏผ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ 
00:31
and have a single row of sharp, interlocking teeth on each jaw.
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ํ„ฑ์—๋Š” ๋‚ ์นด๋กญ๊ณ  ์œ„์•„๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ๋งž๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋นจ์ด ํ•œ ์ค„์”ฉ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
They use their teeth in a variety of ways.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋นจ์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์šฉ๋„๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:38
Many are omnivorous and supplement diets of things like insects,
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์žก์‹์œผ๋กœ
๊ณค์ถฉ, ๊ฐ‘๊ฐ๋ฅ˜, ์ง€๋ ์ด์™€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน๊ณ 
00:42
crustaceans, worms, and fish
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00:44
with fruits, seeds, and other plant matter.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ณผ์ผ, ์”จ์•—๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹๋ฌผ๋“ค์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
Some, like red-bellied piranhas, both hunt and scavenge.
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๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ข…๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๋„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃฝ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
And others, like wimple piranhas, have specific dietary predilections,
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์œ”ํ”Œ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ข…๋“ค์€ ์‹์Šต๊ด€์ด ๋…ํŠนํ•œ๋ฐ
00:56
almost exclusively going after other fishโ€™s scales.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋น„๋Š˜๋งŒ์„ ์ซ“์•„๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Species like redeye piranhas are more solitary,
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๋ถ‰์€ ๋ˆˆ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ข…๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋‹จ๋… ์ƒํ™œ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ํŽธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
while red-bellied piranhas form shoals of 10 to 100.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋Š” 10๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์—์„œ ๋ฐฑ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง“์ฃ .
01:07
Red-bellied piranhas are among the most popularly depicted
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๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋„๋ฆฌ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ 
01:11
and commonly regarded as especially aggressive.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
However, their reputation for rapacious pack hunting is misinformed.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํƒ์š•์ ์ธ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
Itโ€™s thought that the main benefit of their group-living
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๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์ƒํ™œ์˜ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ์žฅ์ ์€ ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
01:22
isnโ€™t cooperative hunting
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01:24
but instead protection from predators, of which they have many.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ํฌ์‹์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
Larger, mature red-bellied piranhas tend to assume privileged positions
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๋” ํฌ๊ณ , ์„ฑ์ˆ™ํ•œ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋Š”
๊ฐ€์žฅ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
at the shoalโ€™s center, where itโ€™s safest.
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01:35
And scientists have observed that red-bellied piranhas in smaller groups
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋“ค์ด
๋ฌด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ์ˆจ์„ ์‰ฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ด€์ฐฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
breathe faster,
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01:41
probably because theyโ€™re more anxious.
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๋” ๋ถˆ์•ˆํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:43
Interestingly, they also communicate.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์†Œํ†ต๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
By rapidly contracting specialized muscles above their swim bladders,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ ˆ ์œ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ทผ์œก์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ•ด์„œ
01:51
they repeatedly โ€œbarkโ€ when theyโ€™re facing off with one another or when captured.
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์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žกํ˜”์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ โ€˜์ง–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹คโ€™.
01:55
They make thudding noises when theyโ€™re aggressively circling each other,
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๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ฅ๊ธ€๊ฒŒ ๋Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์‹ธ์šธ ๋•Œ๋Š”
01:59
fighting, or competing for food.
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์ฟต์ฟต๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
And when things escalate further,
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์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด
02:03
they chase each other while snapping their jaws together.
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ํ„ฑ์„ ๋”ฑ๋”ฑ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ซ“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
Researchers suspect that these sounds
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์ด
02:09
are just a sampling of their overall repertoire,
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์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”
02:12
which might also have some special uses during mating.
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์ „์ฒด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
But when do red-bellied piranhas get aggressive with humans?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
02:20
Well, when they do bite people,
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋Š”
02:22
it seems to mostly happen in scenarios when theyโ€™re being handled;
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
when people are spilling food or cleaning their fishing catch in the water;
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌผ์— ์Œ์‹์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žก์€ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:30
or when people disturb piranhas while the fish are mating
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๋˜๋Š” ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:34
or guarding their eggs during the wet season.
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์šฐ๊ธฐ์— ์•Œ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
Starvation stress is also thought to lead red-bellied piranhas
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๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ””๋„ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋ฅผ
02:40
to increasingly bold, aggressive behavior.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฑฐ์น ๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ค์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
And this could theoretically result in feeding frenzies
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ก ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ญ๋“  ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
02:47
where each fish tries to get some of whatever finds its way into the water.
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๋ฏธ์นœ ๋“ฏ์ด ํ•œ์ž… ๋จน์œผ๋ ค ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๋“œ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Despite this kind of behavior being extremely rare,
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ–‰๋™๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋“œ๋ฌธ๋ฐ๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
02:55
rumors of it launched the piranhaโ€™s international infamy.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋“ค์˜ ์•…๋ช…์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ํผ์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:59
And this was in no small part thanks to former US President Theodore Roosevelt.
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์ „ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ๋ฒจํŠธ๋„ ์ด์— ์ ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
In 1914, he published a bestselling book in which he called piranhas
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๊ทธ๋Š” 1914๋…„์— ๋‚ธ ์ฑ…์—์„œ
ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋ฅผ โ€˜์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฌ์•…ํ•œ ๋ฌผ๊ณ ๊ธฐโ€™๋ผ๊ณ  ์“ฐ๊ณ 
03:10
โ€œthe most ferocious fish in the worldโ€
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03:12
and wrote that the scent of blood could incite them
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ํ”ผ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํฅ๋ถ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์„œ
03:15
to rapidly devour an entire cowโ€” or humanโ€” alive.
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์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ์™€ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ ์ˆœ์‹๊ฐ„์— ๋จน์–ด์น˜์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
But Rooseveltโ€™s account is generally considered circumstantial and misleading.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฃจ์ฆˆ๋ฒจํŠธ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ฌผ์ฆ์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์˜ค๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
The โ€œfeeding frenzyโ€ he witnessed is suspected to have been the result
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•œ โ€˜๋จน์ด ๊ด‘๋ถ„โ€™์€
์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜๋„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋ฅผ ๊ตถ๊ธด ๋‹ค์Œ
03:29
of people purposefully starving red-bellied piranhas,
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03:33
then giving them the opportunity to feed on a cow carcassโ€”
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์†Œ ์‚ฌ์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋˜์ ธ ์ค˜์„œ
03:36
all to put on an exciting show.
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๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
But where were we? Ah, yes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””๊นŒ์ง€ ํ–ˆ์ฃ ? ์•„, ๋งž์•„์š”.
03:42
Falling into piranha-infested waters.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๊ธ€๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:45
So, whatโ€™s your fate?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์šด๋ช…์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
03:46
Letโ€™s assume these are red-bellied piranhas.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ‰์€ ๋ฐฐ ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ์กด ๊ฐ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
03:49
This being the Amazon River,
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03:51
they should be doing alright for themselves and not starving.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž˜์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๋„ ๊ณ ํ”„์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
Thankfully, youโ€™re also not hitting the water alongside a bunch of fish guts.
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ƒ์„  ๋‚ด์žฅ ์˜†์— ๋น ์ง€์ง€๋„ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ 
03:59
And ideally, you're not disrupting a piranha breeding extravaganza.
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ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ์˜ ์ง์ง“๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ฃ .
04:04
You fall in, and the piranhas most likely avoid you.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋น ์ง€๋ฉด, ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ํ”ผํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์ œ์ผ ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
Calmly, softly swimming or wading to shore is generally recommended
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์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ—ค์—„์น˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑธ์–ด์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
because splashing is thought to attract piranhas.
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์ฒจ๋ฒ™๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผ๋ผ๋ƒ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ด๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
04:16
Indeed, theyโ€™re equipped with the dentition to do damage,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ด๋นจ์€ ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•  ๋งŒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
04:19
but they rarely attack humans.
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์ธ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ณต๊ฒฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
They usually have better things to eat.
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋จน์ž‡๊ฐ์ด ๋งŽ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
04:24
As you make your way onto dry land,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ฌผ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ,
04:26
there is no feeding frenzy where they skeletonize your body within minutes.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋ชธ์ด ๋ช‡ ๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์— ์•™์ƒํ•œ ๋ผˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
And upon exiting the water,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋ญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ค๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์˜จ์ „ํ•จ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ .
04:32
you're probably pleased to find no chunks of flesh missing.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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