Everything changed when the fire crystal got stolen - Alex Gendler

2,297,630 views ・ 2020-02-06

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Julie Y Choi κ²€ν† : Jihyeon J. Kim
00:06
Someone has tripped the magical alarms in the Element Temple.
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ μ›μ†Œ 신전에 μžˆλŠ” λ§ˆλ²• 경보기λ₯Ό μšΈλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:10
By the time you and the other monks arrive on the scene,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„κ³Ό μŠΉλ €λ“€μ΄ ν˜„μž₯에 λ„μ°©ν•˜λ©΄
00:14
you know you have a disaster on your hands.
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ν•΄κ²°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  μ—„μ²­λ‚œ μž¬μ•™μ΄ λ°œμƒν•œ 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ 될 κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
00:17
Overnight, four young apprentices broke into the temple’s inner chamber
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밀사이 λ„€ λͺ…μ˜ μˆ˜μŠ΅μƒμ΄ μ›μ†Œμ˜ 결정체λ₯Ό ν›”μΉ˜λŸ¬
00:22
to steal the sacred element crystals.
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μ‹ μ „ λ‚΄ μž‘μ€ 방에 μž μž…ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:25
But when the alarm went off they panicked,
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κ·Έ μˆœκ°„ 경보기가 울렀 그듀은 λ‹Ήν™©ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ 
00:27
and each of them swallowed the crystal they held right before they were caught.
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ν˜„μž₯이 발각되기 직전 κ°μžκ°€ λ“€κ³  있던 원석을 μ‚ΌμΌ°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:32
With no idea how to control the crystals’ vast powers,
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μ›μ†Œμ˜ λ§‰κ°•ν•œ νž˜μ„ λ‹€λ£° 쀄 λͺ¨λ₯΄λŠ” 그듀은
00:36
they’ll soon transform into uncontrollable elemental spirits.
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곧 ν†΅μ œ λΆˆκ°€ν•œ μ‚¬λŒ€ μ •λ ΉμœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν•  μœ„κΈ°μ— μ²˜ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
Improbably enough,
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ν¬ν•œν•˜κ²Œλ„, ν•œ μŠΉλ €κ°€ λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ 광경을 λͺ©κ²©ν•œ 적이 μžˆμ—ˆκ³ 
00:43
the old monk next to you has seen something similar happen before.
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00:47
He explains: β€œYou must determine who ate which crystal
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그듀이 μ •λ ΉμœΌλ‘œ λ³€ν•˜κΈ° 전에 λˆ„κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 원석을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ‚΄μ„œ
00:51
and get each into the proper containment field before they transform.
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κ·Έ νž˜μ„ μ–΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 곡간에 가둬야 ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:56
The elements compel their masters:
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ μ›μ†ŒλŠ” 주인을 μ‘°μ’…ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
00:59
those who ate the Earth and Water Crystals must speak the truth,
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λ•…κ³Ό 물의 μ›μ†ŒλŠ” 진싀을 λ§ν•˜κ²Œ ν•˜κ³ 
01:03
while those who consumed Fire and Air must lie."
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뢈과 λ°”λžŒμ˜ μ›μ†ŒλŠ” 거짓말을 ν•˜κ²Œ ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν–ˆμ£ .
01:08
The youths are too scared to confess their own transgressions.
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μˆ˜μŠ΅μƒλ“€μ€ μžλ°±ν•˜λŠ” 게 λ„ˆλ¬΄ λ‘λ €μš΄ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€
01:12
Instead, they fall to accusing each other.
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μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό κ³ λ°œν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:15
β€œRikku took the Water crystal!” Sumi blurts out.
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"리쿠가 물의 원석을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄μš”" μˆ˜λ―Έκ°€ 얼떨결에 λ§ν–ˆκ³ 
01:18
Rikku interrupts angrily.
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리쿠가 λΌμ–΄λ“€μ—ˆμ–΄μš” "벨라가 뢈의 원석을 ν›”μ³€μ–΄μš”!"
01:19
β€œIt was Bella, she stole the Fire crystal!”
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01:22
So Bella yells: β€œJonah ate the Air crystal, I saw him!”
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λ²¨λΌλŠ” μ†Œλ¦¬μ³€μ£  "μš”λ‚˜κ°€ λ°”λžŒμ˜ 원석을 λ¨ΉλŠ” 것을 λ΄€μ–΄μš”."
01:26
Jonah looks up timidly and shakes his head.
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μš”λ‚˜λŠ” μ­ˆλΌ›λŒ€λ©° 고개λ₯Ό μ €μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
β€œI… I don’t know what happened, but Sumi doesn’t have the Earth crystal.”
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"μ „... 잘 λͺ¨λ₯΄κ² μ§€λ§Œ μˆ˜λ―ΈλŠ” λ•…μ˜ 원석을 먹지 μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”."
01:34
So who ate which crystal?
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λ„λŒ€μ²΄ λˆ„κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 원석을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
01:36
Pause now to figure it out for yourself.
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μ˜μƒμ„ λ©ˆμΆ”κ³  μž μ‹œ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
01:42
There’s no getting around itβ€” this will take some trial and error.
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μ•„λ§ˆ λͺ‡ 번의 μ‹œλ„μ™€ μ‹€νŒ¨λ₯Ό κ²ͺ을 텐데
01:46
But that’s not a bad thing.
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μ ˆλŒ€ 잘λͺ»λœ 게 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:48
If we make a wrong guess,
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λ§Œμ•½ 좔리가 잘λͺ»λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λ©΄ λͺ¨μˆœμ΄ 발견될 ν…Œκ³ 
01:49
we’ll eventually reach a point where our conclusions contradict each other.
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01:53
That would allow us to confirm that our initial guess was wrong
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첫 번째 좔츑이 잘λͺ»λœ 것을 μ•Œκ²Œ 될 κ²λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:57
and work from there.
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그러면 λ‹€μ‹œ μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ„Έμš” 이것이 λ°”λ‘œ κ·€λ₯˜λ²•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
This is a technique known as proof by contradiction.
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02:02
The trick is in being strategic about where we begin our guessing.
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이 μ „λž΅μ˜ μš”λ Ήμ€ μ–΄λ””μ—μ„œ 좔츑을 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— λ‹¬λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
Some assumptions might not lead to contradictions
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μ–΄λ–€ 좔츑은 더 λ§Žμ€ μΆ”μΈ‘κ³Ό λͺ¨μˆœμœΌλ‘œ 이어지지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:09
without making further assumptions.
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02:12
We want to pick one that creates the most constraints on its own,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ œμ•½μ΄ λ§Žμ€ 것을 μ„ νƒν•˜λŠ” 게 μœ λ¦¬ν•˜μ£ .
02:16
and thus gives us the most information when it turns out to be right or wrong.
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진싀과 거짓이 판λͺ…λ˜λŠ” μˆœκ°„ κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ 정보λ₯Ό μ–»κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
02:21
Take, for example, Sumi’s statement.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 수미의 μ§„μˆ μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
02:23
If we assume she’s telling the truth,
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κ·Έλ…€μ˜ 말이 사싀이라면
02:26
we’d know the identity of both truth tellers.
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진싀을 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 두 μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:29
Rikku would have the Water crystal, and since she’s not lying about him,
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수미 말 λŒ€λ‘œ λ¦¬μΏ λŠ” 물의 원석을 κ°€μ‘Œμ„ ν…Œκ³ 
02:33
Sumi would have Earth.
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μˆ˜λ―ΈλŠ” λ•…μ˜ 원석을 κ°€μ‘Œκ² μ£ .
02:35
So Bella would have the Fire crystal, as Rikku says.
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λ²¨λΌλŠ” 리쿠의 λ§λŒ€λ‘œ 뢈의 원석을 가진 게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
But then Bella would have to be lying about Jonah having the Air crystal.
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그러면 μš”λ‚˜κ°€ λ°”λžŒμ˜ μ›μ„μ΄λΌλŠ” 벨라의 말은 거짓이어야 ν•˜λŠ”λ°
02:43
And yet that’s the only remaining option.
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남은 ν•˜λ‚˜μ™€ μΌμΉ˜ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ„€μš”.
02:46
This is a contradiction, and it tells us our initial assumption was wrong.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ λͺ¨μˆœμ΄ λ°œμƒν•˜λ©΄ 첫 번째 좔츑이 ν‹€λ¦° 것을 μ•Œ 수 있죠.
02:51
So now we can go back to the start,
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처음으둜 λŒμ•„ κ°€λ³ΌκΉŒμš”?
02:53
but with the added knowledge that Sumi is lying.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ΄λ²ˆμ—” 수미 말이 κ±°μ§“μ΄λΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ„œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
As a liar, Sumi must either have the Fire or Air crystal.
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그러면 λΆˆμ΄λ‚˜ λ°”λžŒμ˜ 원석 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž„μ„ ν™•μ‹ ν•  수 있죠.
03:01
That means Jonah was telling the truth about her,
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그러면 μš”λ‚˜μ˜ 말은 진싀이 λ˜λ―€λ‘œ
03:04
so he can’t have taken either of those.
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뢈과 λ°”λžŒμ€ κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μ—†κ² μ£ .
03:07
And that means Bella was lying about him,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ 되면 벨라의 μ§„μˆ μ€ κ±°μ§“μ΄λ―€λ‘œ
03:10
so she must also have either Fire or Air.
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벨라도 λΆˆμ΄λ‚˜ λ°”λžŒμ˜ 원석 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 가진 게 되고
03:13
Since Sumi was lying, Rikku can’t have taken the Water crystalβ€”
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수미의 말은 κ±°μ§“μ΄λ‹ˆ 리쿠가 물의 원석을 κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μ—†μ£ .
03:17
the only one left who could have it is Jonah.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 물의 원석은 μš”λ‚˜λ§Œ κ°€μ§ˆ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
And because we’ve already identified the two liars,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이미 κ±°μ§“λ§μŸμ΄ 두 λͺ…을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ
03:23
Rikku must have the Earth crystal.
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리쿠가 λ•…μ˜ 원석을 가진 게 되고
03:26
That means Bella has the Fire crystal and Sumi has Air.
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이둜써 λ²¨λΌλŠ” 뢈, μˆ˜λ―ΈλŠ” λ°”λžŒμ˜ 원석을 가진 게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:30
You manage to get them all in the proper containment fields
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μˆ˜μŠ΅μƒλ“€μ΄ λ³€ν•˜κΈ° 직전 μ›μ†Œμ˜ νž˜μ„ μ œμ••ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ„±κ³΅ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.
03:33
just as the crystals’ magic begins to manifest.
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03:37
Compared with the difficult task of training these kids
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νž˜μ„ ν†΅μ œν•˜λŠ” 법을 ν›ˆλ ¨ν•˜λŠ” 일에 λΉ„ν•˜λ©΄
03:39
to control their new powers,
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03:41
figuring out who had which crystal was elementary.
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λˆ„κ°€ μ–΄λ–€ 원석을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ°ΎλŠ” 건 식은 μ£½ λ¨ΉκΈ°μ£ .
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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