The deadliest thing in your kitchen - George Zaidan

258,640 views ・ 2024-09-12

TED-Ed


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: Hayeon Choi κ²€ν† : Jinsol Song
00:07
Avocados may seem innocent,
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μ•„λ³΄μΉ΄λ„λŠ” 무해해 λ³΄μ΄μ§€λ§Œ,
00:09
but these oblong fruits sent almost 9,000 people to US emergency rooms
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이 κΈΈμ­‰ν•œ 과일은 거의 ꡬ천 λͺ…을 λ―Έκ΅­ μ‘κΈ‰μ‹€λ‘œ λ³΄λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
in 2018 alone.
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2018λ…„ ν•œ 해에 λ§Œμš”.
00:16
Injuries sustained by hacking at the pit or slicing while holding the fruit
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씨앗을 μ œκ±°ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 과일을 λ“€κ³  썰닀가 λ‹€μΉ˜λŠ” 일이 λ„ˆλ¬΄ ν”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
00:20
have become so common, doctors have dubbed them avocado hand.
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μ˜μ‚¬λ“€μ€ 이 ν˜„μƒμ„ 아보카도 손이라고 λΆˆλ €μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:24
Of course, there is a safer way to cut avocados.
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λ¬Όλ‘  아보카도λ₯Ό 더 μ•ˆμ „ν•˜κ²Œ 자λ₯΄λŠ” 방법은 μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:26
But knives are just one of the hazards kitchens harbor.
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그런데 칼은 μ£Όλ°©μ—μ„œ ν”νžˆ λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ„ν—˜ μš”μ†Œ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μΌ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:30
In the US, between 2011 and 2022,
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2011λ…„λΆ€ν„° 2022λ…„ 사이 λ―Έκ΅­μ—μ„œ
00:33
the deadliest kitchen appliances were ovens and rangesβ€”
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κ°€μž₯ μœ„ν—˜ν•œ μ£Όλ°© μ œν’ˆμ€ 였븐과 λ ˆμΈμ§€,
00:37
appliances that are stoves and ovens in one.
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즉, μŠ€ν† λΈŒμ™€ μ˜€λΈμ„ ν•˜λ‚˜λ‘œ ν•©μΉœ μ œν’ˆμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
They took lives by causing fires and leaking carbon monoxide,
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이 μ£Όλ°© μ œν’ˆμ€ ν™”μž¬λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚€κ³  μΌμ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό λˆ„μΆœν•˜λ©°
00:43
a gas that can cause suffocation at high concentrations.
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κ³ λ†λ„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ§ˆμ‹μ„ μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆλŠ” κ°€μŠ€μ΄μ£ .
00:47
These kinds of sudden, catastrophic fatalities are thankfully rare.
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이처럼 κ°‘μž‘μŠ€λŸ½κ³  치λͺ…적인 사망은 κ³ λ§™κ²Œλ„ λ“œλ­…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:51
But the kitchen dangers that cause the most casualties
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ£Όλ°©μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬μƒμžλ₯Ό λ°œμƒμ‹œν‚€λŠ” μœ„ν—˜μ€
00:54
may actually be less immediate and more gradualβ€”
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사싀 덜 즉각적이고 점진적일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
involving constant exposures, like stuff in the air we breathe.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 숨 μ‰¬λŠ” 곡기 μ€‘μ˜ 물질처럼 지속적인 λ…ΈμΆœκ³Ό μ—°κ΄€μžˆμ£ .
01:01
Ovens and stoves remain a major culprit here.
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였븐과 μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ£Όμš” μ›μΈμœΌλ‘œ 남아 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:04
Indeed, the fourth leading cause of years of life lost globally is air pollution.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ „ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ 생λͺ…을 μžƒλŠ” λ„€ 번째 μ£Όμš” 원인은 λŒ€κΈ° μ˜€μ—Όμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:08
This includes indoor air pollution, most of which comes from cooking.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μš”λ¦¬λ‘œ μΈν•œ μ‹€λ‚΄ 곡기 μ˜€μ—Όμ΄ ν¬ν•¨λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
Over 2 billion people cook using a solid fuel, like charcoal and wood.
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20μ–΅ λͺ… 이상 μˆ―μ΄λ‚˜ λ‚˜λ¬΄μ™€ 같은 고체 μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μš”λ¦¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
As it burns, fire and oxygen can’t reach all of the fuel source,
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μ—°μ†Œν•  λ•Œ ν™”μž¬μ™€ μ‚°μ†Œκ°€ λͺ¨λ“  μ—°λ£Œμ˜ 곡급원에 λ„λ‹¬ν•˜μ§€ λͺ»ν•΄
01:21
leading to incomplete combustion.
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λΆˆμ™„μ „ μ—°μ†Œλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:23
This produces pollutants like soot, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides,
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이둜 인해 맀연, μΌμ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œ, μ§ˆμ†Œ μ‚°ν™”λ¬Όκ³Ό 같은 μ˜€μ—Ό 물질과
01:27
and lots of particulate matterβ€”
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λ§Žμ€ μž…μžμƒ 물질,
01:29
that is, solid and liquid particles that have become airborne
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즉, 곡기 쀑에 λ– λ‹€λ‹ˆλ©° ν‘μž…ν•  수 μžˆμ„ 만큼
01:33
and small enough to inhale.
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μž‘μ€ 고체 및 앑체 μž…μžκ°€ μƒμ„±λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:34
A single particle can contain many different chemicals.
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단일 μž…μžμ—λŠ” λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ ν™”ν•™ 물질이 포함될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:37
And especially tiny particles can penetrate deep into the lungs,
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특히 μž‘μ€ μž…μžλŠ” 폐 κΉŠμˆ™μ΄ μΉ¨νˆ¬ν•˜μ—¬
01:40
enter the bloodstream, and irritate tissues,
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혈λ₯˜λ‘œ λ“€μ–΄κ°€ 쑰직을 μžκ·Ήν•˜κ³ 
01:43
cause inflammation, and bring about more systemic problems.
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염증을 μœ λ°œν•˜λ©°, 더 λ§Žμ€ 문제λ₯Ό μΌμœΌν‚¬ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
It’s estimated that about 3 million people die prematurely each year
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맀년 μ•½ 3백만 λͺ…μ˜ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 고체 μ—°λ£Œ μ—°μ†Œλ‘œ μΈν•œ μ§ˆλ³‘μœΌλ‘œ
01:51
from illnesses caused by burning solid fuels.
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μ‘°κΈ° μ‚¬λ§ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ μΆ”μ •λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
Stoves and ovens that don’t use solid fuels produce far less pollutionβ€”
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고체 μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” μŠ€ν† λΈŒμ™€ μ˜€λΈμ€
01:58
but still a considerable amount.
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μ˜€μ—Ό λ°œμƒλŸ‰μ΄ 훨씬 μ μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬μ „νžˆ μƒλ‹Ήν•œ μ–‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:00
There are two basic types: gas and electric.
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κ°€μŠ€ν˜•κ³Ό μ „κΈ°ν˜•, 두 가지 κΈ°λ³Έ μœ ν˜•μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:03
Gas stoves primarily burn methane to create an open flame for cooking.
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κ°€μŠ€ μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” 주둜 메탄을 νƒœμ›Œ μš”λ¦¬μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  화염을 λ§Œλ“­λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
Traditional electric stoves use metal elements that radiate heat
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κΈ°μ‘΄ μ „κΈ° μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” κ°•μ œλ‘œ μ „λ₯˜κ°€ 흐λ₯Ό λ•Œ
02:11
when an electrical current is forced through them.
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열을 λ°©μΆœν•˜λŠ” κΈˆμ† μ›μ†Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
They’re different from modern induction electric stoves,
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μ΄λŠ” μ „μžκΈ°νŒŒλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ μ „λ₯˜λ₯Ό μœ λ„ν•˜μ—¬
02:17
which use electromagnetic waves to induce currents
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μ² κ³Ό κ°•μ²  쑰리기ꡬλ₯Ό 직접 κ°€μ—΄ν•˜λŠ”
02:20
that heat iron and steel cookware directly.
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ν˜„λŒ€μ‹ μΈλ•μ…˜ μ „κΈ° μŠ€ν† λΈŒμ™€λŠ” λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
Gas stoves pollute more than electric ones.
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κ°€μŠ€ μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” μ „κΈ° μŠ€ν† λΈŒλ³΄λ‹€ μ˜€μ—Όμ΄ 더 μ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:25
That's because natural gas combustion produces byproducts like carbon monoxide,
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μ²œμ—° κ°€μŠ€ μ—°μ†ŒλŠ” μΌμ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œ,
02:30
nitrogen oxides, and formaldehyde.
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μ§ˆμ†Œ μ‚°ν™”λ¬Ό, ν¬λ¦„μ•Œλ°νžˆλ“œμ™€ 같은 뢀산물을 μƒμ„±ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:32
Unravelling the causes of chronic diseases is incredibly difficult,
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λ§Œμ„± μ§ˆν™˜μ˜ 원인을 λ°νžˆλŠ” 것은 맀우 μ–΄λ €μš΄ μΌμ΄μ§€λ§Œ
02:36
but accumulating evidence suggests that gas stoves exacerbate asthma symptoms
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κ°€μŠ€ μŠ€ν† λΈŒκ°€ μ²œμ‹ 증상을 μ•…ν™”μ‹œν‚€κ³ 
02:41
and put children at increased risk of developing the condition.
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μ–΄λ¦°μ΄μ˜ μ²œμ‹ λ°œλ³‘ μœ„ν—˜μ„ λ†’μΈλ‹€λŠ” 증거가 μΆ•μ λ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:44
Electric ranges are cleaner than gas ones,
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μ „κΈ° λ ˆμΈμ§€λŠ” κ°€μŠ€λ ˆμΈμ§€λ³΄λ‹€ κΉ¨λ—ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ,
02:47
but they’re still not totally pollution-freeβ€” no ranges are.
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κ·Έλž˜λ„ μ˜€μ—Όμ΄ μ „ν˜€ μ—†λŠ” 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λͺ¨λ“  λ ˆμΈμ§€κ°€ κ·Έλ ‡μ£ .
02:50
At least some air pollution is inevitable from the cooking process,
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μ—°λ£Œ μ’…λ₯˜μ— 관계없이 쑰리 κ³Όμ •μ—μ„œ 적은 양이어도
02:54
no matter the fuel type.
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λŒ€κΈ° μ˜€μ—Όμ€ ν”Όν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:56
High-heat cooking generally releases more pollutants
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κ³ μ—΄ μš”λ¦¬λŠ” 일반적으둜 μ €μ—΄ μš”λ¦¬λ³΄λ‹€
02:58
than lower heat methods;
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더 λ§Žμ€ μ˜€μ—Ό λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ°°μΆœν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:00
after all, charring a steak isn’t all that different from burning a solid fuel.
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μŠ€ν…Œμ΄ν¬λ₯Ό νƒœμš°λŠ” 것은 고체 μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό νƒœμš°λŠ” 것과 크게 λ‹€λ₯΄μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:04
And substances like oil and dust can accumulate
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λ˜ν•œ κΈ°λ¦„μ΄λ‚˜ 먼지와 같은 λ¬Όμ§ˆμ€ κ°€μ—΄ν•˜λ©΄ μΆ•μ λ˜μ–΄
03:07
and release pollutants when heated.
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μ˜€μ—Ό λ¬Όμ§ˆμ„ λ°©μΆœν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
Transitioning away from solid fuels is critical to improving indoor air qualityβ€”
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고체 μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό 덜 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것은 μ‹€λ‚΄ κ³΅κΈ°μ§ˆμ„ κ°œμ„ ν•˜κ³ 
03:14
and consequently, extending people’s lives.
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결과적으둜 μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ˜ 수λͺ…을 μ—°μž₯ν•˜λŠ” 데 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:16
Cooking with proper ventilationβ€”
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μ‹€μ™Έλ‘œ 톡풍이 잘 λ˜λŠ” κ°•λ ₯ν•œ λ ˆμΈμ§€ ν›„λ“œλ₯Ό μΌœλ†“κ³ 
03:18
ideally, from a powerful range hood that vents to the outdoorsβ€”
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μ‘°λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 κ°€μž₯ μ΄μƒμ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.Β 
03:22
and switching from gas to electric will also go a long way.
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κ°€μŠ€λ ˆμΈμ§€μ—μ„œ μ „κΈ° λ ˆμΈμ§€λ‘œ λ°”κΎΈλŠ” 것도 νš¨κ³Όκ°€ ν½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:25
Electric appliances are less dangerous by another significant metric:
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μ „κΈ° μ œν’ˆμ€ 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 척도인 지ꡬ κΈ°ν›„λ₯Ό
03:29
the global climate.
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κ³ λ €ν•˜λ©΄ 덜 μœ„ν—˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:31
Burning fossil fuels like natural gas
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μ²œμ—° κ°€μŠ€μ™€ 같은 화석 μ—°λ£Œλ₯Ό νƒœμš°λ©΄
03:33
releases atmosphere-warming carbon dioxide,
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λŒ€κΈ° μ˜¨λ‚œν™”λ₯Ό μ΄ˆλž˜ν•˜λŠ” μ΄μ‚°ν™”νƒ„μ†Œκ°€ 배좜되며,
03:36
and gas ranges can also leak methane, an even more potent greenhouse gas.
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κ°€μŠ€λ ˆμΈμ§€μ—μ„œλ„ 훨씬 κ°•λ ₯ν•œ μ˜¨μ‹€ κ°€μŠ€μΈ
메탄이 λˆ„μΆœλ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
Electric appliances, meanwhile,
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ν•œνŽΈ, μ „κΈ° μ œν’ˆλ„ μ „λ ₯망이
03:43
should only become more and more climate-compatible
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μž¬μƒ κ°€λŠ₯ μ—λ„ˆμ§€μ›μœΌλ‘œ μ „ν™˜λ¨μ— 따라
03:45
as grids transition to renewable energy sources.
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점점 더 κΈ°ν›„λ³€ν™” λ¬Έμ œμ— 도움이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:49
In addition to being better for the climate and public health,
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μ „κΈ° μΈλ•μ…˜ μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” 기후와 곡쀑 보건에 더 쒋을 뿐만 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:52
electric induction stoves tend to rival or outperform all other stove typesβ€”
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쑰리 νš¨μœ¨μ„±κ³Ό μ²­μ†Œ μš©μ΄μ„± μΈ‘λ©΄μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ λͺ¨λ“  μ „κΈ° μŠ€ν† λΈŒμ™€ κ°€μŠ€ μŠ€ν† λΈŒμ—
03:56
electric and gasβ€” when it comes to cooking efficiency and ease of cleaning.
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ν•„μ ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ 더 λ‚˜μ€ μ„±λŠ₯을 λ°œνœ˜ν•˜λŠ” κ²½ν–₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:00
Induction stovetops also only heat things
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μΈλ•μ…˜ μŠ€ν† λΈŒλŠ” 자기μž₯에 κ°•ν•˜κ²Œ λ°˜μ‘ν•˜λŠ” 물체만
04:02
that respond strongly to their magnetic fields,
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κ°€μ—΄ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
04:04
so you can’t burn yourself on them directly.
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직접 화상을 μž…μ„ μ—Όλ €κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:07
Given the considerable health and climate concerns around gas appliances,
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κ°€μŠ€ 기기와 κ΄€λ ¨λœ 건강 및 κΈ°ν›„ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 심각해짐에 따라
04:11
some governments have banned them from new developments
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일뢀 μ •λΆ€λŠ” μ‹ κ·œ κ°œλ°œμ„ κΈˆμ§€ν•˜κ³  있으며,
04:13
and many are helping subsidize the transition from gas to electric.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ μ •λΆ€λŠ” κ°€μŠ€μ—μ„œ μ „κΈ°λ‘œμ˜ μ „ν™˜μ— λ³΄μ‘°κΈˆμ„ μ§€μ›ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
Knives will probably be staying the same, though,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 칼은 μ•„λ§ˆ κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œμΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:19
so please stop stabbing at avocados while they’re in your hand.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ 아보카도λ₯Ό 손에 λ“€κ³  자λ₯΄λŠ” 일은 ν•˜μ§€λ§ˆμ„Έμš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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